What is a Hydroton? I googled the term and all I could find were references to a clay-based plant growing medium much prized by marijuana growers ...
[mg] On Thursday, May 30, 2013, Harry Veeder wrote: > > > > On Thu, May 30, 2013 at 11:00 AM, Edmund Storms > <[email protected]<javascript:_e({}, 'cvml', '[email protected]');> > > wrote: > >> Harry, imagine balls held in line by springs. If the end ball is pull >> away with a force and let go, a resonance wave will pass down the line. >> Each ball will alternately move away and then toward its neighbor. If >> outside energy is supplied, this resonance will continue. If not, it will >> damp out. At this stage, this is a purely mechanical action that is well >> understood. >> >> > > >> In the case of the Hydroton, the outside energy is temperature. The >> temperature creates random vibration of atoms, which is focused along the >> length of the molecule. Again, this is normal and well understood behavior. >> >> The strange behavior starts once the nuclei can get within a critical >> distance of each other as a result of the resonance. This distance is less >> than is possible in any other material because of the high concentration of >> negative charge that can exist in this structure and environment. The >> barrier is not eliminated. It is only reduced enough to allow the distance >> to become small enough so that the two nuclei can "see" and respond. The >> response is to emit a photon from each nuclei because this process lowers >> the energy of the system. >> >> > Ed, > > With each cycle energy of the system is only lowered if the energy of the > emitted photon is greater than the work done by the "random vibration of > atoms" on the system. The change is analogous to an exothermic chemical > reaction which requires some activation energy to initiate but the reaction > products are in a lower energy state. Because of the shape of the coulomb > "hill" the hill can only be climbed if the energy emitted increases with > each cycle. > > >> The Hydroton allows the Coulomb barrier to be reduced enough for the >> nuclei to respond and emit excess energy. Because the resonance immediately >> increases the distance, the ability or need to lose energy is lost before >> all the extra energy can be emitted. If the distance did not increased, hot >> fusion would result. The distance is again reduced, and another small burst >> of energy is emitted. This process continues until ALL energy is emitted >> and the intervening electron is sucked into the final product. >> >> > In your model, the coulomb barrier appears to be like a hill in a uniform > gravitational field. It is possible to climb such a barrier in steps by > emitting the same amount of energy with each cycle, but this barrier does > not correspond with the actual barrier that exists between protons. > Climbing a genuine coulomb barrier requires more energy with each cycle, so > that requires more energy be emitted with each cycle. The extra energy > emitted heats the lattice even more and produces more powerful vibrations > of the lattice which can push the protons even closer together. > > > > >> I might add, all theories require a similar process. All theories require >> a group of hydron be assembled, which requires emission of Gibbs energy. >> Once assembled, the fusion process must take place in stages to avoid the >> hot fusion result, as happens when the nuclei get close using a muon and >> without the ability to limit the process. Unfortunately, the other theories >> ignore these requirements. >> >> The proton has nothing to do with the work done at each step. This work >> comes from the temperature. The photon results because the assembly has too >> much mass-energy for the distance between the nuclei. If the nuclei >> touched, the assembly would have 24 MeV of excess mass-energy if they were >> deuterons. If they are close but not touching, the stable mass-energy >> would be less. At a critical distance short of actually touching, the >> nuclei can "know" that they have too much mass energy. How they know this >> is the magic that CF has revealed. >> > > > Here is the magic: they share an electron and it is through this "common > ground" that they know. If they don't share an electron they won't give up > any excess mass-energy until they are touching at which point they give it > up all at once which is what happens in hot fusion. > > Harry > > >
