Jones-
I do not know of data on high temperature BEC's of particles of high mass.
Y. Kims theory for the reaction of Bose particles, including duplex
compinations of different Bose particles, may be of some importance. I have
not studied his theory in depth, but the fact that he seems to think BEC
may be involved in the LENR process suggests that room temperature BEC may
happen.
The following is a list of Kim's theories of recent times.
a.. Y.E. Kim, "Theoretical Analysis and Reaction Mechanisms for Experimental
Results of Hydrogen-Oxygen-Metal Systems," Purdue Nuclear and Many-Body
Theory Group (PNMBTG) preprint — PNMBTG-05-2014 (May 2014). (PDF)
a.. Y.E. Kim, "Hartree-Fock Theory with Correlation Effects Applied to
Nuclear Reaction Rates for Charged Bose Nuclei Confined in a Harmonic Trap,"
Purdue Nuclear and Many-Body Theory Group (PNMBTG) preprint PNMBTG-8-2013
(August, 2013). (PDF)
a.. Y.E. Kim, "Conventional Nuclear Theory of Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions
in Metals: Alternative Approach to Clean Fusion Energy Generation," Purdue
Nuclear and Many Body Theory Group (PNMBTG) Preprint PNMBTG-12—7 (July
2012). Invited paper presented at the 17th International Conference on Cold
Fusion (ICCF-17), Daejeon, Korea, August 12-17, 2012. (PDF), to be published
in the ICCF-17 Proceedings.
a.. Y.E. Kim, "Cryogenic Ignition of Deuteron Fusion in Micro/Nano-Scale
Metal Particles," Purdue Nuclear and Many Body Theory Group (PNMBTG)
Preprint PNMBTG-11-2011 (November 2011). Invited paper presented at Topical
Meeting of the 2012 Nuclear and Emerging Technologies for Space (NETS), the
43rd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, March 19-23, 2012, the
Woodlands, Texas. (PDF)
a.. Y.E. Kim, "Nuclear Reactions in Micro/Nano-Scale Metal Particles,"
Few-Body Systems 54, 25-30 (2013), invited paper presented at the 5th
Asia-Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (APFB2011), Seoul,
Korea, August 22-26, 2011. (PDF)
a.. Y.E. Kim, "Generalized Theory of Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear
Fusion for Hydrogen-Metal System," Purdue Nuclear and Many Body Theory Group
(PNMBTG) Preprint PNMBTG-6-2011 (June 2011). (PDF)
They can be copied as PDF documents from the following web page:
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/people/faculty/yekim.html
Another paper by Kim has the following abstract:
ABSTRACT
Generalized theory of Bose-Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF) is
used to carry out theoretical analyses of recent experimental results of
Rossi et al. for hydrogen-nickel system. Based on incomplete experimental
information currently available, preliminary theoretical explanations of the
experimental results are presented in terms of the generalized BECNF theory.
Additional accurate experimental data are needed for obtaining more complete
theoretical descriptions and predictions, which can be tested by further
experiments.
The full paper can be found at the following web page:
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/chat/2746057/posts
The latter link suggested the BEC that I have talked about at above
cryogenic temperatures.
Bob Cook
Bob Cook
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jones Beene" <jone...@pacbell.net>
To: <vortex-l@eskimo.com>
Sent: Saturday, October 18, 2014 7:33 AM
Subject: RE: [Vo]:Mizuno, Rossi & copper transmutation
-----Original Message-----
From: Bob Cook
Was there any indication that the Mizuno experiments used quadrupole
electric or magnetic inputs? I was not aware of this, if it happened.
This is an interesting point, and the Mizuno experiment may not have been
optimized. Hopefully the next iteration will tell us more. One interesting
thing about superparamagnetism is that a quadrupole is a natural outgrowth
of any changing field, and if the deuterium becomes superparamagnetic that
is all we need.
Also keep in mind that D is a Bose particle (as is 4HE) and can form a BEC
or a duplex BEC with two different Bose particles. This may be a reality in
a strong magnetic field, temperature be damned.
Deuterium in normally diamagnetic as a molecule and we really do not need
for it to a BEC to see excess energy. As a bare nucleus, it may be
superparamagnetic, and that could be enough for spin coupling.
Superparamagnetism in somewhat "new" to consideration in the LENR field,
since it is an outgrowth of nanotechnology. We have much to learn about
spin-coupling but in my mind, superparamagnetism will be a major piece of
the puzzle, but certainly bosons which are superparamagnetic are more likely
to participate in energy transfers than fermions.
The question I have is how a BEC can shed energy and change the mass of
its
constituents without disrupting the condensate.
Well - Deuterium cannot even become a condensate in normal LENR, since it
requires cryogenic temperatures. However, there are boson condensates in SPP
which form at elevated temperature but they are not massive. Axil and myself
have presented scholarly articles to that effect. An answer for original
question is that an SPP condensate allows energy to be coupled from A to B
(where A is a boson like the deuteron) without itself necessarily
participating in the reaction.
Maybe it is a series of condensation and disruption that controls the
reaction. The dynamics of this process would be key to controlling the
rate of the process.
Still not sure why you think that deuterium can become a BEC above a few
degrees of absolute zero? Is there any evidence for this?
Jones
----- Original Message -----
Bob,
I have cherry-picked three major “spin facts” from this compendium which
indicate that if one wants to apply a nano-magnetism or spin-coupling
modality to LENR, it is highly preferable to use deuterium, as opposed to
hydrogen. That may be why Mizuno chose the deuterium-nickel combination. All
eyes will be shifting to Mizuno in less than three weeks.
From: Bob Cook
[snip] The deuteron, being an isospin singlet, is antisymmetric under
nucleon exchange due to isospin, and therefore must be symmetric under the
double exchange of their spin and location. Therefore it can be in either of
the following two different states: Symmetric spin and symmetric under
parity. In this case, the exchange of the two nucleons will multiply the
deuterium wavefunction by (-1) from isospin exchange, (+1) from spin
exchange and (+1) from parity (location exchange), for a total of (-1) as
needed for antisymmetry…. In this case, the exchange of the two nucleons
will multiply the deuterium wavefunction by (-1) from isospin exchange, (-1)
from spin exchange and (-1) from parity (location exchange), again for a
total of (-1) as needed for antisymmetry. [snip]
…suggesting that there may be a way to stimulate the D via an electric
quadrupole input signal. Also with a magnetic moment the D must respond to
a magnetic field and fine tuning of an oscillating magnetic field may very
well excite the D to flip up and down in the field. The composite particles
of the D should have slightly different magnetic moments that can respond
and create an "excited" state IMHO on a transient short lived time frame.
However in a coherent system such a transient may be enough to cause other
transitions of similar energy states to occur with mass energy being changed
to angular momentum energy.
The quadrupole input is a strong clue.
