Re: How do I permanently disable unattended downloads of software/security updates?
On Tue, May 25, 2021 at 12:25 Stella Ashburne wrote: > My OS is Debian 10.9 and has the kernel version: How did you get the installation originally? Was it from a fresh install of Buster or an upgrade from 9 or older version? -Tom
Re: Markdown previewer
On Wed, Mar 17, 2021 at 01:31 Victor Sudakov wrote: > Can you please advise a good GUI Markdown previewer? A cheap and very useful way to do so is to establish a free account on Github, create a repository for your work, and start creating Markdown in a browser. Fork the repository onto your computer, create or modify Markdown files, commit them and push them to Github, and view them in a browser. A repo may be public or private. Best regards, -Tom
Re: Markdown previewer
On Wed, Mar 17, 2021 at 05:56 Victor Sudakov wrote: ... > I have an account on Github, but nothing beats clicking a document in > Thunar or Thunderbird to open it for viewing. You don't even have to be > online for that. Great for your usage, Victor, but for my common workflow, I write Markdown for Raku modules and other code on my local Debian server accessed via an xterm on my iPad, so Github functions as my Linux monitor! Best regards, -Tom P.S. Do you know the excellent Perl developer and astronomer Sergey Krushinsky?
Re: Got a machine name problem
On Wed, Feb 24, 2021 at 08:11 Greg Wooledge wrote: > Tom Browder (tom.brow...@gmail.com) wrote: > > For my LAN hosts as well as my WLAN hosts, I have always used the > > /etc/hosts file and have never touched the default /etc/resolv.con file. > > > > I have never had any problems with connecting to any of those hosts > except > > when adding a new host snd needing to get ssh installed. > > This is how things were configured in the early 1980s. It works, as > long as you can maintain all of those copies of your hosts file, across > however many machines you have. > > The disadvantages should be clear. Every time you add a new host, > you have to go and edit the hosts file on *every other* host, so they > all know about the new guy. Each time a host moves and gets a new IP > address, you have to edit *every* single hosts file. And so on. I'm not arguing with you, just saying it works for me and has for many years (since I was with my former employer when we had our first LAN hookup with coax cable in 1994ish with SGI hosts mixed with Windows PCs and Redhat Linux PCs). The most hosts we ever had was about 30 and several of us shared sysadmin duties. I've continued that way on my own private network. Gene can probably do the same. The "real" way to do it is of course necessary for modern "real" networks with dedicated sysadmin staff members. Best regards, -Tom
Re: Got a machine name problem
On Wed, Feb 24, 2021 at 07:44 Greg Wooledge wrote: > Gene Heskett (ghesk...@shentel.net) wrote: > > But wtf? I have edited "sudo nano" /etc/domainname, did not set the i > > bit, and the edit is still there, but asking for it is (none) ... For my LAN hosts as well as my WLAN hosts, I have always used the /etc/hosts file and have never touched the default /etc/resolv.con file. I have never had any problems with connecting to any of those hosts except when adding a new host snd needing to get ssh installed. -Tom
Re: Got a machine name problem
On Tue, Feb 23, 2021 at 11:59 AM Gene Heskett wrote: ... > Nothing I do survives a reboot, so what do I do to actually rename the > machine and make it stick? Hopefully without losiing the networking Hey, Gene. I usually have to fiddle around a little, but I've always had success on Debian this way (as root): # hostname TLM edit /etc/hostname and set the desired name to TLM if it's not already changed I also edit /etc/hosts and make the first couple of lines look like this: 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain.com localhost 127.0.1.1 TLM.geneslinuxbox.netTLM Then reboot and cross your fingers. Blessings, -Tom P.S. Keep your powder dry!
Re: Got a machine name problem
On Tue, Feb 23, 2021 at 19:36 David Wright wrote: > On Tue 23 Feb 2021 at 20:05:11 (-0500), Gene Heskett wrote: > > On Tuesday 23 February 2021 14:29:01 Tom Browder wrote: ... > > > I also edit /etc/hosts and make the first couple of lines look like > > > this: > > > > > > 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain.com localhost > > > 127.0.1.1 TLM.geneslinuxbox.netTLM David, you got me. I put those lines in years ago (on some person's recommendation), while I was still running pre-Debian 4 (probably Redhat in the box days). It works and that's all I can say. Best, -Tom
Re: Bash script problem
On Wed, Aug 4, 2021 at 18:58 Gary L. Roach wrote: > Hi all; > I have just recently delved into the magical world of Bash scripting and I long ago gave up bash scripting for other than simple scripts, even for sysadmin chores. Most Linux distros, including our favorite Debian, come with Perl installed in the standard distro, and it’s a quick upgrade to add Raku as well ( https://Raku.org). Both languages are great “glue” languages and are C-like as opposed to Python. Raku, in particular, has a much easier syntax than bash. And the payoff is learning a much more powerful language with a huge problem-solving domain Best regards, -Tom
Recommended KVM box: HDMI (video), USB (mouse+kb+periferal), 4-port
I am in the market for a new (or refurbished) KVM with the subject attributes. I only need to support a single monitor, but reliability and holding video settings for each computer are important to me. Reviews I've found online are terrible, but I would appreciate hearing from satisfied Debian KVM users. Thanks. -Tom
Re: Recommended KVM box: HDMI (video), USB (mouse+kb+periferal), 4-port
On Mon, Oct 18, 2021 at 20:29 wrote: … > I am using a Belkin SOHO 4-Port KVM Switch Box F1DS104J, bought used off > ebay > in January, 2020 for under $20. Thanks! I forget about ebay—I only used it once many years ago. And the Belkin products I’ve used in the past have worked fine. -Tom
Re: Telegram [not Re: Telegraph book?
On Mon, Dec 6, 2021 at 02:39 DH wrote: > Am 05.12.2021 01:20 schrieb piorunz: > > I am still not sure what you want to automate on Telegram, ... > I think he wants to automatically send out messages into that > channel/group when some event happens on his system/website. That is correct. When I publish a news item, currently the act of sending the updated home page to my server also sends out a tweet. I would like to add an IM to the mix for those with IM-capable phones. -Tom
Telegraph book?
I just got interested in Telegraph as a possible comm thing to complement to (or replacement for) email for my college class. Does anyone know of a decent tech book or other resource describing it? Thanks. -Tom P.S. I also just noticed Debian has some Telegraph interfaces I will look into.
Telegram [not Re: Telegraph book?
On Sat, Dec 4, 2021 at 09:29 Tom Browder wrote: > I just got interested in Telegraph as a possible comm thing to complement > to (or replacement for) email for my college class. Telegram, sorry. My dad was a telegraph operator for a railroad in the old days. -Tom
Re: Telegram [not Re: Telegraph book?
On Sat, Dec 4, 2021 at 12:26 piorunz wrote: ... > You want to use Telegram messaging instead of e-mail for your college > class? That's no problem at all. Just install "telegram-desktop" package ... Well, the interfaces I've seen don't look very organized (I should look at the Deb app before I comment). I also want to automate read-only, outgoing msgs when I update my website. Note I meant to say "classmates" who are in their late 70s mostly, and a few in their early 80s. I would say at least a quarter of them aren't techy regarding smartphones and modern apps. Some have to struggle with spreadsheets, and our brains are slowing down, so I need to approach this carefully. That's why I want to do some more research. Apparently there is a second edition of one of the Python cookbooks that discusses automating Telegram, so I was hoping to find a Debian user familiar with it to see if it's worth buying. Thanks, Piotr, I will have to do some work with my Buster laptop--perhaps it's time to upgrade. Blessings, -Tom
psutils: any known opensource prepress viewers for its output?
'psutils' provides a way to generate a prepress layout for multipage printing, cutting, and binding of booklets and books. Can anyone recommend a program running on Linux (or other OS) to view it (or its PDF form) in its prepress layout? Thanks. -Tom
Re: psutils: any known opensource prepress viewers for its output?
On Tue, Nov 23, 2021 at 13:30 Henning Follmann wrote: … maybe Scribus? I’ll look closer—a quick look didn’t show anything, and I have used it before to rearrange pdf. Thanks. -Tom
Re: psutils: any known opensource prepress viewers for its output?
On Tue, Nov 23, 2021 at 15:04 Tom Browder wrote: > On Tue, Nov 23, 2021 at 13:30 Henning Follmann > wrote: > … > > maybe Scribus? > > > I’ll look closer—a quick look didn’t show anything, and I have used it > before to rearrange pdf. > Looks like a WIP. -Tom
Re: Recs for new Linux laptop? (to replace Zareason)
On Tue, Nov 9, 2021 at 09:17 Tom Browder wrote: > My Zareason laptop (13-in screen, very lightweight and thin) is running > Debian 10 natively and wonderfully (with Win10 as a dual boot option), but > the company has gone out of business and I want to start preparing a > standby replacement. > Thanks to all for your thoughts and suggestions. I feel better about getting a laptop relacement now. Debian and Deb users rock! Blessings, -Tom
Recs for new Linux laptop? (to replace Zareason)
My Zareason laptop (13-in screen, very lightweight and thin) is running Debian 10 natively and wonderfully (with Win10 as a dual boot option), but the company has gone out of business and I want to start preparing a standby replacement. I would appreciate any recommendations for that. I have looked at both Emperor Linux and System 76 over the years. They always seem a bit pricey, but I'm willing to bite the bullet now if I have to--I'm getting too old to waste time on problem installations now. Thanks, -Tom
Re: Telegraph book?
On Sun, Dec 5, 2021 at 12:48 Nicolas George wrote: > Tom Browder (12021-12-04): ... > Even if Telegram has a Libre implementation, it still relies on > centralized servers operated by a private entity hoping to make profit. > For this kind of use case, I strongly urge to rather use something that > enables you to run your own servers. > > The obvious answer for this is XMPP, aka Jabber. Installing a server on > Debian is very easy with the prosody package. Thank you, Nicholas! I will look into it. Blessings, -Tom
Re: Using fontforge to convert TrueType or OpenType fonts to PostScript Type 1
On Mon, Jul 26, 2021 at 23:50 Teemu Likonen wrote: > > * 2021-07-26 16:15:01-0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > Can anyone show how to script the above conversion? > It's not good writing style to refer to a subject or heading. True, I don't usually do that. I apologize. > the script itself is simple and the code explains > itself. Give it font file names as arguments. It works like a charm, Teemu. Thanks very much! Blessings, -Tom
Using fontforge to convert TrueType or OpenType fonts to PostScript Type 1
Can anyone show how to script the above conversion? The output should at least have the first 256 glyps, but converting to multiple Types 1 or an acceptable PostScript Level 2 or 3 advanced type is better (as long it can be represented in a PS printer-acceptable text file). I have had success creating Type 1 .pfa files using the widget interface, but would prefer scripting. Thanks, -Tom
Re: Sharing photos from Linux to Apple devices
On Tue, Mar 8, 2022 at 18:58 Jeremy Ardley wrote: ... Put the photos into several large zip files (simply to minimise the > number of downloads). Then upload to google drive in some directory and > use the share option on the directory to give an https URL you can send > your relatives. > Thanks very much, Jeremy! -Tom
Sharing photos from Linux to Apple devices
Most of my relatives now have Apple devices, and we can share photos and videos among ourselves. I, on my Linux computer, have about 32 Gb of slides I digitized some years ago (they are also duplicated on my Windows computer). I have a Google account that currently has 100 Gb of storage. I also have an iCloud account with 200 Gb of storage. Can anyone suggest a good way to get my Linux (or Windows) pictures onto some site that Apple devices can use? Thanks, -Tom
Upgrade from Buster to Bullsye: what to do about source.list for buster-backports
I've been following the update guide and only have one apt source.list left to handle: buster-backports: Do I change it to bullseye-backports or just comment the line out? Thanks. -Tom
Re: Upgrade from Buster to Bullsye: what to do about source.list for buster-backports
On Wed, Mar 30, 2022 at 19:00 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Wed, Mar 30, 2022 at 06:53:26PM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > I've been following the update guide and only have one apt source.list > left > > to handle: buster-backports: Thanks so much, Greg! -Tom
Re: Re: Why did Norbert Preining (having maintained KDE) left Debian?
On Mon, Jan 24, 2022 at 11:36 Charlie Gibbs wrote: > On Mon Jan 24 08:51:46 2022 max wrote: … Amen, brother! -Tom
Re: xclip - how to use without a graphics display for testing on Github workflows
On Sat, Sep 9, 2023 at 21:06 Max Nikulin wrote: > On 10/09/2023 06:36, Tom Browder wrote: > > We have a Raku module that uses "xclip" during use on a computer with a > > monitor. We need to test it with Github workflows which does not have a > > graphics device. > > > > Is there any "xclip" option to allow for testing without a graphics > > devivce without throwing an error? Or any suggestion for a work around? > > You can create a mock-up and use it instead of real xclip binary. Sounds interesting, Max, can you show the code? Thanks. Cheers! -Tom
Re: xclip - how to use without a graphics display for testing on Github workflows
On Sun, Sep 10, 2023 at 11:49 Max Nikulin wrote:
> On 10/09/2023 16:44, Tom Browder wrote:
> > On Sat, Sep 9, 2023 at 21:06 Max Nikulin wrote:
> >
> >> You can create a mock-up and use it instead of real xclip binary.
> >
> > Sounds interesting, Max, can you show the code?
>
> Unless you need to test subtle issues like
>
>https://github.com/astrand/xclip/issues/20
>"Not closing stdout when setting clipboard from stdin"
>
> faced by e.g. tmux users, something simple should be enough:
>
> #!/bin/sh -eu
> : "${XCLIP_MOCK_FILE:=$HOME/.xclip-mock}"
>
> while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
> case "$1" in
> -i|-in)
> ;;
> -o|--out) exec cat -- "$XCLIP_MOCK_FILE"
> ;;
> -selection|-target) shift
> ;;
> *) # FIXME xclip treats all unknown options at any
> position as files
> break
> ;;
> esac
> shift
> done
> exec cat -- "$@" >"$XCLIP_MOCK_FILE"
Thank, Max! I'll pass it on to the guy who needs it. He slings Wolfram
language code for a living.
Best regards,
-Tom
cronitor.io for monitoring cron jobs
Anyone using that system? It looks interesting to me. -Tom
Re: cronitor.io for monitoring cron jobs
On Mon, Sep 11, 2023 at 07:25 wrote: > On Mon, Sep 11, 2023 at 06:46:43AM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > On Mon, Sep 11, 2023 at 06:22 wrote: > > > > > On Mon, Sep 11, 2023 at 05:59:37AM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > > > Anyone using that system? It looks interesting to me. > > > > > > Gah. My eyes hurt now after having looked at the web site. > > > > > > Do you recommend any other prebuilt system to automate such monitoring > and > > gathering of data and presenting it on a website? (Other than building > from > > scratch., yuk.) > > Not much experience myself, but icinga (packaged with Debian) comes > to mind (it can do much more, though). > > "Apt search monitor" and subsequent filtering with "web" yields half > a dozen other interesting hits. Thanks, Tomas, I was not savy enough to think of that! -Thomas P.S. We share a good, Biblical name, don't we?
Re: Boot issue
On Sun, Aug 27, 2023 at 22:51 David Wright wrote: > On Sun 27 Aug 2023 at 14:27:09 (-0500), Tom Browder wrote: > > On Sun, Aug 27, 2023 at 13:27 Greg Wooledge wrote: > > > > > On Sun, Aug 27, 2023 at 08:19:35PM +0200, Hans wrote: > > > > When I boot the system, then the drives are not mounted as set in > > > /etc/fstab. > > > > For example, the SDD should mounted to /space, and the unencrypted > HDD > > > > ... > > > > > Use UUIDs or Labels instead. These won't change, while the device > names > > > *will* change. > > > > > > Please remind me of when they might change. > > As and when the kernel discovers them, ie at boot for those fitted, > and when you plug them is for any others. > > > I'm pretty sure on my latest > > host the debian installer used /dev/sda (and partions 1 and 2) instead > of a > > label or UUID. > > It might be possible to mistakenly read /etc/fstab as showing that, > because of the comment line above the active line: > > # > # / was on /dev/sda4 during installation > UUID=a1b2c3d4-e5f6-1234-dcba-a1b2c3d4e5f6 / ext4 > errors=remount-ro 0 1 > /dev/sr0/media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 > > BTW I've not seen the d-i use LABELs, I presume because it can't be > certain that they're always going to be unique. > > > Of course I do want to add drives eventually, so maybe I do need to > change > > to do that safely. > > Some computers can give the user a rude awakening when the kernel > unexpectedly discovers a plugged-in device before the internal drive. Ah, it's been awhile. Yes, I see the comments in /etc/fstab. Thank you for reminding me. Usually I just do "df" and that always shows me the /dev/sdaX so I forget about looking closer. Cheers! -Tom
OpenTaxSolver for US Federal tax: experiences?
I want to dump my Windows box. The main showstopper is my US tax programs. I currently use H Block. I just discovered there is at least one Linux version out there: opentaxsolver.sourceforge.net. Has anyone used it and can recommend it? Thanks, -Tom
Re: OpenTaxSolver for US Federal tax: experiences?
On Sun, Sep 17, 2023 at 10:37 Charles Curley < charlescur...@charlescurley.com> wrote: ... Can you run your H Block program on top of wine? > https://appdb.winehq.org Thanks, Charles. Actually, I'm really interested in the OpenTaxSolver. I don't like H that much, so I'm gonna try it in parallel with H Block's solution for tax year 2022 and see how they compare. You might want to take a look. And I wonder what Gene uses since he doesn't run Windows! Cheers, all! -Tom P.S. I did read your address and visited them. Cool! Are any more articles in the works? I hope so, and I hope to take advantage of the one on encryting a backup disk to do partial live disk encryption. I tried the whole system encrytion once and it's a pain.
Re: Sleep: out of control
On Thu, Aug 31, 2023 at 16:20 zithro wrote: > On 31 Aug 2023 14:17, Tom Browder wrote: > > Note: The systemd "/etc/systemd/sleep.conf" file has all entries > commented > > out. > > Take care, commenting may NOT be the same as disabling/setting to NO ! > > Each software has its own rules, but _usually_ when you comment out the > lines, the app built-in defaults will be used (like openssh). > Systemd behaves like that, at least that's what I observed after > commenting out the NTP server lines of systemd-timesync. > > You should uncomment and specify NO like what Michel Verdier posted. > Ofc, if the units are masked/disabled, I guess those values are not > used/read. > But you never know, so belts and suspenders ! Yes, I agree, and I have already done that. Thanks! -Tom P.S. I rely on you experts because I know how much I don't know, and I can't even guess how much else there is to know. Thanks for covering for me! > >
Re: Sleep: out of control
On Thu, Aug 31, 2023 at 11:50 AM Michel Verdier wrote: > On 2023-08-31, Tom Browder wrote: > > Is there a way to definitely deactivate all OS-related power changes so the > > power button has only two functions (on/off)? > > To disable all sleep/suspend/hibernation I put in /etc/systemd/sleep.conf > > [Sleep] > AllowSuspend=no > AllowHibernation=no > AllowSuspendThenHibernate=no > AllowHybridSleep=no Adding that, too, thanks. -Tom
Re: Sleep: out of control
On Fri, Sep 1, 2023 at 01:15 The Wanderer wrote: > On 2023-08-31 at 13:03, zithro wrote: ... Tom, does your version of that file not include a comment with that same > information? Yes, and they are uncommented and set to 'no'. So far all seems to be working. Now I need to study and understand those sleep options. I also realize I didn't report some other details. I have three hosts (Debian PC, Window PC, and Debian laptop) connected to a single monitor, keyboard, and mouse via a KVM switch. The other day, when I finally emailed for advice, I had noticed the following: When switching the KVM between the Win and Deb hosts, I could see the mouse was not getting power (no sensor light) nor was the keyboard or monitor screen. So that is probably why I could not wake up the Debian PC by stirring the mouse or hitting a key. My conclusion: I need to find out which sleep modes turn off power to the external input devices. -Tom
Re: Sleep: out of control
On Fri, Sep 1, 2023 at 06:08 Tom Browder wrote: My conclusion: I need to find out which sleep modes turn off power to the > external input devices. > I forgot to mention that my problem child is all SSD, no moving parts (from SilentPC). -Tom
Re: cronitor.io for monitoring cron jobs
On Tue, Sep 12, 2023 at 00:54 Kushal Kumaran wrote: > On Mon, Sep 11 2023 at 05:59:37 AM, Tom Browder > wrote: > > Anyone using that system? It looks interesting to me. > > > I prefer healthchecks.io, mainly because cron job monitoring was all I > was looking for, and the software is open source. Thank you, Kushal. Best regards, -Tom
memtest86
Here I am again seeking help. I have used memtest86 long ago when I burned it on a CDROM disk. I see that it's a Debian package, and I installed it. Now I see memtest86 on my boot choice screen, but selecting memtest86 does nothing. I assume I probably have to add something to the grub2 menu to use it. I have searched for how to do that, but all I've been able to find are instructions on how to use it from a bootable USB thumb drive. My grub/boot foo has disappeared. Any help on using the installed memtest86 is greatly appreciated. As a fallback, I will go the USB route if I have to, :-( Cheers! -Tom
Re: memtest86
On Wed, Sep 13, 2023 at 14:43 gene heskett wrote: > On 9/13/23 12:40, Alexander V. Makartsev wrote: > > On 13.09.2023 19:10, Tom Browder wrote: > >> Here I am again seeking help. I have used memtest86 long ago when I > >> burned it on a CDROM disk. > >> > >> I see that it's a Debian package, and I installed it. Now I see > >> memtest86 on my boot choice screen, but selecting memtest86 does > nothing. > >> > > That's weird. > > It works for me, although I use back-ported version 6.20 of "memtest86+" > > from Testing with a cosmetic patch. I like my grub menu tidy. :) > > I've now noticed you've wrote "memtest86", did you meant it to be > > "memtest86+"? No, I installed both. I'll try again with just memtest86 (I saw somewhere that memtest86+ was still being finalized, but that doesn't sound like it would be available if that were the case). memtest86 has its roots in 8086 16 bit code, and its been quite a party > for the coders to first bring it up to 32 bit, and finally to 64 bit. > That last version I downloaded and burned was memtest86 V9.4 which works > on my 6 core i5 as well as it did on 8086's but of course a bit faster. > A google search should get you a link to burn to a new cd/dvd, and it Will report back. -Tom
Re: xclip - how to use without a graphics display for testing on Github workflows
On Sat, Sep 9, 2023 at 18:47 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Sat, Sep 09, 2023 at 06:36:56PM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > Is there any "xclip" option to allow for testing without a graphics > devivce … Thanks, Greg! -Tom
xclip - how to use without a graphics display for testing on Github workflows
We have a Raku module that uses "xclip" during use on a computer with a monitor. We need to test it with Github workflows which does not have a graphics device. Is there any "xclip" option to allow for testing without a graphics devivce without throwing an error? Or any suggestion for a work around? Thanks. -Tom
Sleep: out of control
My main Debian host is going to sleep and I can't awaken it without holdiing the power button down for some period. We have had some neighborhood power issues recently, and I have been manually powering down while away for a few short trips (no UPS yet, either, but my Windows box next to the Debian host [same power source] is solidly running). A search of the logs shows entries for power from various system sources on a daily basis (syslog)::, but I haven't seen anything about overheating or such. I know the internal motherboard thermal sensors work (don't ask), so I'm not worried about real overheating. Is there a way to definitely deactivate all OS-related power changes so the power button has only two functions (on/off)? Note: The systemd "/etc/systemd/sleep.conf" file has all entries commented out. Thanks for any ideas. -Tom
Re: Sleep: out of control
On Thu, Aug 31, 2023 at 08:12 Marco wrote: > Am 31.08.2023 schrieb Tom Browder : > > > Is there a way to definitely deactivate all OS-related power changes > > so the power button has only two functions (on/off)? > > You can disable sleep/hibernate at all. > > sudo systemctl mask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target > hybrid-sleep.target Thanksso much, Marco, I'll give that a try and report back in a couple of days. -Tom
Re: memtest86
On Thu, Sep 14, 2023 at 13:15 Alexander V. Makartsev wrote: ... > I know "memtest86" was before "memtest86+", but memtest86+ is a successor > > I just found my system rescue disk, booted it, entered the memtest86++ and see lots of FAILUREs (I have 128 Gb so that may be why it's been hit and miss). I'm trying to see if a log is or can be generated for my warranty repair. Thanks to all who gave advice! -Tom
Re: memtest86
On Wed, Sep 13, 2023 at 3:48 PM Tom Browder wrote: > > On Wed, Sep 13, 2023 at 3:32 PM Tom Browder wrote: > >> > On 13.09.2023 19:10, Tom Browder wrote: > >> >> Here I am again seeking help. I have used memtest86 long ago when I > >> >> I see that it's a Debian package, and I installed it. Now I see > >> >> memtest86 on my boot choice screen, but selecting memtest86 does > >> >> nothing. > >> >> > >> > That's weird. > > I just tried again with only memtest86+. After reboot, I get several > memtest86+ options but when I select one I gect a pretty Debian screen > with nothing apparent happening. Retried, nothing. -Tom
Re: memtest86
On Wed, Sep 13, 2023 at 3:32 PM Tom Browder wrote: >> > On 13.09.2023 19:10, Tom Browder wrote: >> >> Here I am again seeking help. I have used memtest86 long ago when I >> >> I see that it's a Debian package, and I installed it. Now I see >> >> memtest86 on my boot choice screen, but selecting memtest86 does nothing. >> >> >> > That's weird. I just tried again with only memtest86+. After reboot, I get several memtest86+ options but when I select one I gect a pretty Debian screen with nothing apparent happening. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 9:27 AM Tom Browder wrote: > > Every time I set up a new host, I have to jump through the hoops trying to > get the same PATH for > ordinary users as well as root... This Debian wiki doc pretty much details the information Greg has been giving us: https://wiki.debian.org/EnvironmentVariables Thanks, all! -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 09:27 Tom Browder wrote: > Every time I set up a new host, I have to jump through the hoops trying to On my main Debian 11 host I have found one formula that works for ssh logins as well as xterm login on a Mate desktop: I followed most of the formulas on the Debian wiki and suggestions made here plus some experimentation and did this: 1. Set my desired path for users in file /etc/environment $ cat /etc/environment PATH=/opt/rakudo/bin:/opt/rakudo/share/perl6/site/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin 2. I put the identical path in the usr PATH entry in file /etc/profile 3. I copied my .profile file to .xsessionrc. The result was, regardless of login method, as a normal user I had the same PATH (plus any changes from my ~/.profile file). 4. I modified the root PATH entry in file /etc/profile When I became root via "sudo -s" I got root's path from /etc/profile. When I became root via "sudo -i" I got the desired PATH change from root's ~/.profile. So far, I'm a happy camper! ANOTHER LESSON LEARNED While I was experimenting with the desktop settings, I stupidly and blindly added an exit line to cut out some 20-year old cruft in the end of the .profile file and all of a sudden I lost my xterms and couldn't find a way to edit the broken file. Fortunately, I had emacs as one of my menu items: I chose the GUI version and was able to repair the .profile file successfully. Maybe another editor would have worked, but I'm not going to experiment with that any time soon! -Tom
Re: On folders vs. directories and history [was: how to compare...]
I’m comforted by this friendly discussion about the old days versus the modern generation by fellow old folks of pre-PC days. Sort of like an afternoon gathering at the Elks or the VFW. Thank you all. Blessings. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Fri, Sep 22, 2023 at 11:35 AM Curt wrote: > On 2023-09-21, Tom Browder wrote: > > Where do you find the "blob?" I've seen reference to it but haven't yet > > found it. ... > Most Linux distributions include HPLIP with their software, but most do not > include the plug-in. Therefore, it is a safe practice to run a utility called > "hp-setup", which, will install the printer into the CUPS spooler, download, > and install the plug-in at the appropriate time. > https://developers.hp.com/hp-linux-imaging-and-printing/binary_plugin.html Ah, thanks. After a bit of fumbling, I got it installed (had to use "hp-plugin") and used Xsane and can see and can operate my scanner!! GREAT Now, I can scan and save to PDF via my document feeder as well as my flatbed scanner. GREAT However, I so far have not been able to scan both sides of a document in my two-side document feeder the way I could could on Windows--bummer, but this is a huge win so far. Thanks so much! -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
Fri, Sep 22, 2023 at 2:40 PM Carles Pina i Estany wrote: ... > I think that you have lots of advice in the thread. But if I can add > something: I've also used https://www.hamrick.com/ when sane didn't have > the drivers. It's a paid software, for Linux, I had good experience with > it. I just looked at it Carles, it is worth a try unless someone can offer a solution to the two-sided scanning I can't do yet. Thank you! -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Sat, Sep 23, 2023 at 09:19 Curt wrote: > > On 2023-09-22, Tom Browder wrote: > > > > However, I so far have not been able to scan both sides of a document in my > > two-side document feeder the way I could could on Windows--bummer, but this > > is a huge win so far. > > > > How and what have you tried? I used Xsane and tried setting source to Duplex It scanned, but only scanned the front side Then I set it to ADF and scanned the same document. It scanned, but only scanned the front side. When I use Windows, with the same steps, it scans both sides. I have tried the VueScan, but it doesn't work, either. I sent their trouble report to them and they said they would get back to me. -Tom
PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
Every time I set up a new host, I have to jump through the hoops trying to get the same PATH for ordinary users as well as root, regardless of how they log in. Reading the man pages doesn't help my old brain with all the caveats. Can anyone offer a foolproof, programmatic solution to my conumdrum? Thanks. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 09:27 Tom Browder wrote: For bash users only, please. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 15:55 Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote: > On 24 Sep 2023 15:45 -0500, from tom.brow...@gmail.com (Tom Browder): > > Bummer, unfortunately, that's the answer I expected. Now if I can find a > > clean way to do that consistently. > > Well, I still think the gist of my suggestion stands: make a script to > set up $PATH the way you want it (for both root and non-root users > respectively); put that script somewhere, anywhere really; and invoke > it from where you need $PATH set up. > > That way, if you miss some path (no pun intended), all you need is to > figure out how to execute or source a script through there in such a > way that it affects the resultant environment; and if you want to make > adjustments later, you can do that in _one_ location. In effect, I will doing that. I'm in the process of automating non-package installation of Raku on modern Debian hosts. That was the genesis of my question, and I will be inserting the required PATH info at the approriate place for any login type as pointed out by Greg and the Debian docs. Thanks, Michael and Greg. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 16:27 wrote: > Tom Browder wrote: > > Every time I set up a new host, I have to jump through the hoops > > trying to get the same PATH for ordinary users as well as root, ... > Setting the same path for ordinary users as for root sounds like > something only a fool would do, so I don't think there's a foolproof > way to do it. I'm trying not to be a fool--that's why I'm checking with the Debian community. I'm sure I was too casual in my comments. I want all users, including root, to have the Raku executables in their PATH, nothing else would be changed from current use. When I get the path-setting portion of my program ready, I will show the pertinent parts here along with a link to the complete code. Note I will ensure any file modified will have its current state backed up prior to changing it. Cheers! -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 17:04 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 04:45:11PM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > I'm sure I was too casual in my comments. I want all users, including > root, > > to have the Raku executables in their PATH, nothing else would be changed > > from current use. > > Ah, good old X-Y. > > Create symlinks from /usr/local/bin/ to wherever the programs are > physically installed. Then don't touch PATH at all. My brain isn't clicking on all eight, but I think you suggested that before--I'll try that, thanks, Greg! -Tom
Re: memtest86 (solved)
On Wed, Sep 13, 2023 at 09:10 Tom Browder wrote: > Here I am again seeking help. I have used memtest86 long ago when I burned > it on a CDROM disk. > Finally tested all my memory modules using a recent system rescue cd and its memtest86+. One bad module out of four. Sending bad module back for warranty replacement. Thanks for your help. Cheers! -Tom >
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Thu, Sep 21, 2023 at 08:30 Erwan David wrote: ... > I have a HP LaserJet Pro MFP m125nw, installing it through hplip, It is > seen on network by xsane and I can scan. Just have to install a binary > blob each time hplip is upgraded, but it is rather straightforward Where do you find the "blob?" I've seen reference to it but haven't yet found it. Thanks. -Tom
Letting Windows go: scanning
One major thing I use my windows host for is using my HP multifunction laser printer to scan to pdf to save locally. I have just installed gscan2pdf and sane but I am still missing something. I have tried printing docs from LibreOffice and it sees my networked printer and prints just fine. So how can I get my Debuian host to see and use the scanner part? Thanks so much. -Tom
Re: [a bit OT] Automate a (G o o g l e) search from a list of strings
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 09:35 Andy Smith wrote: > Hello, > > On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 08:13:43AM +0200, steve wrote: > > Le 19-09-2023, à 16:52:24 +0200, Nicolas George a écrit : > > > what you intend is completely forbidden by Google's terms and > > > service. And they have detection: please only do this on a > > > computer and network access when you will be the only one > > > inconvenienced when they block your access. It happened on a > > > computer I co-administrate. What if you used an equilavent script but increased and randomized time between each search string? Or do you think just the single search is enough to trigger them? -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Mon, Sep 25, 2023 at 08:50 Tom Browder wrote: ... > I think I need to have the program change all the path-affecting files > specified by Greg and others so that PATH includes both locations with the > new location coming before the original location. > ... And that all got me looking at 'adduser' and '/etc/skel' where I do not see an '.xsessionrc' file. Does it cause harm if one logs into a remote host regardless of its lack or presence of various graphics features? -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Mon, Sep 25, 2023 at 06:08 Tom Browder wrote: > On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 17:23 Tom Browder wrote: > >> On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 17:04 Greg Wooledge wrote: >> >>> On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 04:45:11PM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: >>> > I'm sure I was too casual in my comments. I want all users, including >>> root, >>> > to have the Raku executables in their PATH, nothing else would be >>> changed >>> > from current use >> >> ... > >> Ah, good old X-Y. >> >> Create symlinks from /usr/local/bin/ to wherever the programs are >>> physically installed. Then don't touch PATH at all. >> >> My brain isn't clicking on all eight, but I think you suggested that >> before--I'll try that, thanks, Greg! >> > Well, that's not going to work. I failed to say my program is a bit more complicated: 0. It's executed by 'root'. 1. It uses 'raku'. 2. During its operation, the location of the 'raku' version to be used after it completes changes from '/usr/local/bin' to '/opt/rakudo-pkg/bin'. 3. Due to requirement 2, I don't think it's safe to attempt to overwrite current executables with a symlink to new executables of the same basename. I think I need to have the program change all the path-affecting files specified by Greg and others so that PATH includes both locations with the new location coming before the original location. Then the script can safely remove the original version. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Mon, Sep 25, 2023 at 10:03 Greg Wooledge wrote: ... Greg, one more file I don't think we've discussed: '~/.bash_aliases'. How should I handle that in this variable login climate? Thanks. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 18:11 Tom Browder wrote: > On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 16:15 Andy Smith wrote: > ... > Well, I wanted to do it all in one program, but I guess I could break it > up into two separate programs. I'll have to think about what I'm really > trying to do. > Another issue is precompilation. I need to find out how to work around that somehow. Otherwise I would need two separate modules instead of the single one I'm currently using.
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 16:15 Andy Smith wrote: > Hello, ... Why does any of that stop you from only using the dev Raku once > you've used the packaged Raku to install it? Well, I wanted to do it all in one program, but I guess I could break it up into two separate programs. I'll have to think about what I'm really trying to do. Thanks for your input, Andy. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 18:32 Tom Browder wrote: > On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 18:11 Tom Browder wrote: > >> On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 16:15 Andy Smith wrote: >> > ... > >> Well, I wanted to do it all in one program, but I guess I could break it >> up into two separate programs. I'll have to think about what I'm really >> trying to do. >> > > Another issue is precompilation. I need to find out how to work around > that somehow. Otherwise I would need two separate modules instead of the > single one I'm currently using. > One of our experts says that is not a problem, so I'm heading in that direction. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Mon, Sep 25, 2023 at 17:45 Andy Smith wrote: ... > I'd make it all run with one raku from one place, or else I'd > specify the full path to the special raku that is needed. > > Anything else sounds like a great foot-gun left lying around for > others or myself a week from now. > > Perl and Python virtual environments typically have a script which > sets the path to the interpreter once you enter them, and then > everything is self-contained from there. ... You do not understand the problem, Andy: Debian's package version of raku is over two years old, and it is NOT installed by default. My script uses that raku as a bootstrap to update to the latest release provided as a Debian package format similar to the manner in which PostgreSQL can be maintained in its latest state with an out-of-Debian package location. Perl, on the other hand, is very current, installed as a default Debian package, and not changing as fast as raku (improved releases almost every month). Python is its own weird thing which I ignore as much as possible. Cheers! -Tom
Re: [a bit OT] Automate a (G o o g l e) search from a list of strings
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 13:36 Nicolas George wrote: > Tom Browder (12023-09-20): > > What if you used an equilavent script but increased and randomized time ... We can try to exercise some common sense, in particular by comparing to > similar situations. For example, if you take something that does not > belong to you, but do it at night, when everybody is sleeping and being > very careful you do not make a step squeak or break the laser beams, is > it still stealing? I apologize. I was not referring to stealing, and I haven't read the details in the terms of use. What I should have asked was: "is a single query in the script okay?" If so, how much time would have to pass before the next query in order to adhere to the terms of service? In the distant past I have used Google's APIs to search mail, and I believe there was some kind of rate or time limit for their use. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 13:37 Tom Browder wrote: > > > On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 13:27 Klaus Singvogel > wrote: > >> Michael Kjörling wrote: >> > On 20 Sep 2023 12:26 -0500, from tom.brow...@gmail.com (Tom Browder): >> > > “Laser Jet Pro 400 MFP m425dn” >> > >> > openprinting.org doesn't seem to have heard of it, unfortunately: >> > >> > https://openprinting.org/printers/manufacturer/HP >> >> Unfortunately you made only the first step and not all. >> >> Looking at >> https://openprinting.org/driver/hplip/ >> >> will lead you via "Supported Devices"-link to >> >> https://developers.hp.com/hp-linux-imaging-and-printing/supported_devices/index >> >> At HP's website you'll search and find the information that it is Full >> supported. >> >> HP LaserJet 400 MFP m425dn >> Min HPLIP Version: 3.12.6 >> Chrome OS Support: Yes >> Driver Plug-in: Yes >> Supported Level: Full >> Print Model: Mono >> Scan PC: Yes >> >> So, install the required hplip packages for Debian (OpenSource) and see >> that it is supported. > > > Thank you, Klaus! I was disappointed I didn't find it because I remember > having to modify some CUPS driver or interface many years ago when I first > got the printer. And that was to print. I'm not sure I ever got reliable > scanning on Linux. > > I'll report back soon. > I got stuck with incompatible package requirements for network use, so I filed a bug report. Their support is active (last release was this year), so I'm hoping for a fix. In the meantime, I do have the two alternatives: (1) scan to USB drive or (2) use my Windows box. Since I'm unhooking my KVM switch setup to make my wife happy (she's a neat freak and I'm not), I'll have to manually unplug KVM cables from the Debian box to hook up them up to the Windows box, so laziness and the desire for weening from Windows will probably dictate option 1. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 13:27 Klaus Singvogel wrote: > Michael Kjörling wrote: > > On 20 Sep 2023 12:26 -0500, from tom.brow...@gmail.com (Tom Browder): > > > “Laser Jet Pro 400 MFP m425dn” > > > > openprinting.org doesn't seem to have heard of it, unfortunately: > > > > https://openprinting.org/printers/manufacturer/HP > > Unfortunately you made only the first step and not all. > > Looking at > https://openprinting.org/driver/hplip/ > > will lead you via "Supported Devices"-link to > > https://developers.hp.com/hp-linux-imaging-and-printing/supported_devices/index > > At HP's website you'll search and find the information that it is Full > supported. > > HP LaserJet 400 MFP m425dn > Min HPLIP Version: 3.12.6 > Chrome OS Support: Yes > Driver Plug-in: Yes > Supported Level: Full > Print Model: Mono > Scan PC: Yes > > So, install the required hplip packages for Debian (OpenSource) and see > that it is supported. Thank you, Klaus! I was disappointed I didn't find it because I remember having to modify some CUPS driver or interface many years ago when I first got the printer. And that was to print. I'm not sure I ever got reliable scanning on Linux. I'll report back soon. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 18:19 gene heskett wrote: So whats wrong that no one has suggested sane/xsane? They have, Gene, the problem is getting it to recognize my HP scanner. BTW, I have owned many laser HP printers, and one Brother (no inket among them). I went back to HP after the Brother. And my HP is laser, two-sided print and scan, single paper feed, and dual paper size feed. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 12:11 Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote: > On 20 Sep 2023 12:06 -0500, from tom.brow...@gmail.com (Tom Browder): > > One major thing I use my windows host for is using my HP multifunction > > laser printer to scan to pdf to save locally. I have just installed ... > > So how can I get my Debuian host to see and use the scanner part? ... > "HP multifunction laser printer" would still encompass a fair number > of products. Can you be more specific? Sorry, Michael, it’s a “Laser Jet Pro 400 MFP m425dn” and it’s been a wonderful printer from the days when you could get HP help from a real person. Thanks. Cheers! -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 12:46 Brad Rogers wrote: > On Wed, 20 Sep 2023 13:17:14 -0400 > Timothy M Butterworth wrote: > > Hello Timothy, > > >When I used to use HP MFD's I used to have to connect to it with USB to > >get scanning. I do not know if network scanning is now supported or not. Unfortunately, as Michael pointed out, no Linux driver for scanning can be found. However, I can always scan to a USB thumb drive--I forgot about that. Thanks, all. -Tom
Re: Sunrise and Sunset from terminal
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 00:00 s...@gmx.com wrote: > Is there a way to get sunrise and sunset time from command interpreter? > I want to use its output for a script! You can calculate it yourself using a Raku module at https://github.com/tbrowder/Astro-Sunrise/; Search https://raku.land to find any published Raku module. There are also Perl modules to do the same thing to be found on CPAN. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 14:52 Greg Wooledge wrote: ... > All you can do is put your desired configuration changes in ALL of > the applicable places for all of the login types that are possible on > your system. That's it. There is no other way. ... Bummer, unfortunately, that's the answer I expected. Now if I can find a clean way to do that consistently. Thanks, Greg. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 17:23 Tom Browder wrote: > On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 17:04 Greg Wooledge wrote: > >> On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 04:45:11PM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: >> > I'm sure I was too casual in my comments. I want all users, including >> root, >> > to have the Raku executables in their PATH, nothing else would be >> changed >> > from current use > > ... > Ah, good old X-Y. > > Create symlinks from /usr/local/bin/ to wherever the programs are >> physically installed. Then don't touch PATH at all. > > My brain isn't clicking on all eight, but I think you suggested that > before--I'll try that, thanks, Greg! > And the reason was it requires linking a bunch of executables and I didn't have time to do that. Now I'm scripting the job. -Tom
Re: Need help with PGP signature verification
On Sun, Oct 8, 2023 at 14:39 Thomas Schmitt wrote: > Hi, Thanks, Thomas. I did get the signers key fingeprints from their personal github pages. I would go the full security route if it were only my use I'm concerned with, but I'm working on a Raku module for others and I don't want them to be held up by having to fumble with key trust before at least downloading the files with a first order check with data I can provide. I'll make sure to document exactly what I'm providing. Best regards, -Tom
Need help with PGP signature verification
I'm willing to trust published PGP key fingerprints for signers of Rakudo downloadable files. Question: How can I get the fingerprint from the downloads? The products I download are (1) the file of interest, (2) a PGP signed checksums file with various shaX hashes for the file, and (3) a separate file containing a PGP signature. Thanks so much. -Tom
Re: Need help with PGP signature verification
On Sun, Oct 8, 2023 at 05:13 Tom Browder wrote: > On Sun, Oct 8, 2023 at 3:29 AM DdB > wrote: > > Am 08.10.2023 um 01:16 schrieb Tom Browder: > > > I'm willing to trust published PGP key fingerprints for signers of > > > Rakudo downloadable files. > > > Question: How can I get the fingerprint from the downloads? I found a usable answer. Run "gpg file.asc" and the output shows the two fingerprints: the primary key fingerprint and the subkey fingerprint. I wish there was a PGP cookbook around somewhere. Thanks, all. -Tom
Re: Need help with PGP signature verification
On Sun, Oct 8, 2023 at 3:29 AM DdB wrote: > Am 08.10.2023 um 01:16 schrieb Tom Browder: > > I'm willing to trust published PGP key fingerprints for signers of > > Rakudo downloadable files. > > Question: How can I get the fingerprint from the downloads? > There is more than just one way to archieve this, first result from I should have been more specific. I have the following: -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- iHUEABYKAB0WIQTdpb2j9c3OmfntVsEsxulzgY84awUCZQ1GBgAKCRAsxulzgY84 a+jhAQCZ0lLh1EnB1AwrgW0zPBp801OOeJ2QUiDBOGXBbrl/7QD/ZQe738sF2tCR 43SAvJOfT3b4YpGdfSUj9F7XNDoovQM= =mNqK -END PGP SIGNATURE- I need the fingerprint from that to compare with the fingerprints I know from Github to see if it's from the same key. I think using openssl might be the easiest, but all the tools seem to have a huge number of options and a vocabulary that's very malleable. Thanks. -Tom
Re: Looking for a good "default" font (small 'L' vs. capital 'i' problem)
On Sat, Aug 19, 2023 at 16:15 Russell L. Harris wrote: > bumper sticker: DYSLEXICS UNTIE! I concur on sans comments. You might take a look at the Free* fonts family (Debian packages “fonts-freefont-ttf” and “fonts-freefont-otf”). -Tom
Re: Looking for a good "default" font (small 'L' vs. capital 'i' problem)
On Sun, Aug 20, 2023 at 15:45 James H. H. Lampert wrote: > What Herr Rönnquist said. > And given that I actually *do* set type with some regularity, ... > (And for the record, my "go-to fonts" are all versions of Garamond.) Wow, another Garamond lover! I do, too, love it (and bought a copy of Adobe's version). I think Dr. Donald Knuth was the first person I may have heard mention it. How do you "set type" now? I have been "setting type" with Perl and raw PostScript (then converting it to PDF) for many years. I am now using Raku PDF modules to "set type" directly in PDF documents. All CLI products. -Tom
setting paths for sudo (revisited)
For Greg: I'm trying to get my muscle memory to use "sudo -i" and "sudo -s" as you said to become root user for more work (thanks for the great explanation). One more question: when I need a one-liner as root, do I also use the '-i' or '-s' with sudo to get the desired path? Thanks, -Tom
Re: setting paths for sudo (revisited)
On Mon, Aug 21, 2023 at 08:11 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Mon, Aug 21, 2023 at 07:56:22AM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > For Greg: I'm trying to get my muscle memory to use "sudo -i" and "sudo > -s" > > as you said to become root user for more work (thanks for the great > > explanation). > > > > One more question: when I need a one-liner as root, do I also use the > '-i' > > or '-s' with sudo to get the desired path? > > No. sudo sets the PATH for you. You only need -i or -s when you want > to get an interactive shell, instead of running a specific command. Thanks. When I get a multi-user system working with Raku as I want it to, I'll post it on this thread for your critique. On the original thread you kept wanting me to describe in detail my use case. The problem was (and still is) how to handle the following requirements: 1. Have root install the Raku executable for all users 2. Have the root user install modules for himself, but have normal users see and use them in their normal path. 3. Allow normal users to install their own modules which, for them only, would override the global version. This is somewhat analogous to Perl, but zef, the equivalebt Raku installer, is a bit pickier than cpanm about overrides. Best regards, -Tom P.S. Note Debian does have a Raku package, but most real users would rather use the latest and greatest. The language is under heavy development and there are real advantages for power users to stay current (a new version is normally release monthly). There is a painless Debian package system provided by our community similar to those provided by the PostgreSQL community. Do not think the syntax or user-space is changing due to the fast pace. Certain older things are deprecated and announced automatically when using them. Old code is usually compatible with new releases. A new release is always back-compatible until a new version is released. Raku is on its second version since its initial stable version release in December 2015. The third version, v6.e, is in the wings. And a user can always install an older release if all else fails.
Re: Using the bash shell: determine if the root user used 'sudo -i'
On Sat, Aug 26, 2023 at 10:42 wrote: > On Sat, Aug 26, 2023 at 04:45:54PM +0200, DdB wrote: > > Am 26.08.2023 um 16:25 schrieb Tom Browder: > > > Is there a way to distinguish whether 'sudo -i' was used or not? > > > > > Sorry, i am not an expert on this. But ... since years i am using this > > to check for it: > > > > > # if `echo $HOME` is not "/root" or the working dir (pwd) is not > "/root", then this was not executed with "sudo -i" > > > assert "echo $HOME" /root "nicht mit sudo -i aufgerufen" > > > assert pwd /root "nicht mit sudo -i aufgerufen" > > > > hope, this will give you a clue ;-) > > DdB > > Unless, of course, the shell does "export HOME=/root" at some point > after start. Or one of the other fifty-two ways to achieve that. > > That's why I think Roberto is right elsewhere in this thread. > > Basically it is not possible to find out, so it makes sense to > think about the question "why do I need this?" to zoom into what > the real problem is. Perhaps that one can be solved :-) As I think I replied earier, I am now checking the script is in the required directory in order to be executed (by the root user). I am not concerned with any other caveats or use by any unauthorized users for any nefarious purpose. I consider this thread completed. Thanks to all who responded--Debian users are the best! -Tom
Re: Using the bash shell: determine if the root user used 'sudo -i'
On Sat, Aug 26, 2023 at 09:32 Roberto C. Sánchez wrote: > On Sat, Aug 26, 2023 at 09:25:10AM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > >In a previous thread it was shown how to detect a SUDO_USER in a bash > >shell. > >Is there a way to distinguish whether 'sudo -i' was used or not? I would like to know whether 'sudo -i' or 'sudo -s' was used. The reason is to know if the cwd is set to '/root' or '.' It's critical for the script execution -Tom
Using the bash shell: determine if the root user used 'sudo -i'
In a previous thread it was shown how to detect a SUDO_USER in a bash shell. Is there a way to distinguish whether 'sudo -i' was used or not? Thanks. -Tom
Safing.io
I was watching a Linux distro video on YouTube this morning, and one of the sponsors was Safin.io which hosts a multi-capability firewall and network management device available for download. It looks interesting to me, a firewall-challenged sys admin hobbyist. Has anyone tried it? It sounds great, even the free version. Cheers, all. -Tom
Re: Using the bash shell: determine if the root user used 'sudo -i'
On Sat, Aug 26, 2023 at 10:57 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Sat, Aug 26, 2023 at 10:49:45AM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > I would like to know whether 'sudo -i' or 'sudo -s' was used. ... > In fact, I suspect "I need to know if the cwd is /root" is STILL an X-Y > problem. It's sounding like "I need to ensure my script's working > directory is /foo". If that's truly the case, just do "cd /foo || exit" > at the top of the script. ... Excellent mind-reading, Greg! So to use your line I will put in that dir: "cd /required-dir || exit" Thanks so much. And thanks to all others who responded. -Tom
Re: Boot issue
On Sun, Aug 27, 2023 at 13:27 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Sun, Aug 27, 2023 at 08:19:35PM +0200, Hans wrote: > > When I boot the system, then the drives are not mounted as set in > /etc/fstab. > > For example, the SDD should mounted to /space, and the unencrypted HDD ... > Use UUIDs or Labels instead. These won't change, while the device names > *will* change. Please remind me of when they might change. I'm pretty sure on my latest host the debian installer used /dev/sda (and partions 1 and 2) instead of a label or UUID. Of course I do want to add drives eventually, so maybe I do need to change to do that safely. Thanks. -Tom
Re: Safing.io
On Sat, Aug 26, 2023 at 17:26 Nate Bargmann wrote: > * On 2023 26 Aug 14:27 -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > I was watching a Linux distro video on YouTube this morning, and one of > the > > sponsors was Safin.io which hosts a multi- Erg, typo, should be: safing.io -Tom
Re: Google Chrome and Bullseye upgrade: stable or bullseye
On Mon, Apr 18, 2022 at 06:40 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Mon, Apr 18, 2022 at 06:37:04AM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > I have all my apt lists ready for upgrading from Buster to Bullseye > except > > the separate one for Google Chrome. It currently says "stable" and it has > > been that way through several upgrades. > > That's fine. I've done buster to bullseye with that specific third-party > repository in place, and it works without any issues. Even after the > upgrade to bullseye, it continues to work. Thanks, that’s what I suspected. I’ll leave it as is and press on! Thanks, all, consider this issue closed successfully. -Tom
Re: Recommendations for a home server running Debian Bullseye (11)?
On Mon, Apr 25, 2022 at 11:07 Andrew M.A. Cater wrote: > On Mon, Apr 25, 2022 at 10:25:46AM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > I am looking for a commercial grade server (for home use) to replace my > > remote ones. ... The HP Microserver is the same sort of beast: HPE Proliant Microserver > Gen 10 Plus is about the size of a bookshelf speaker by the looks. > > HPE's own drives are relatively expensive. This is effectively a fit and > forget solution, I think. Drives aren't hot swap but if you're going to use > SSD anyway, that doesn't matter. > > The ILO card is a little bit more. Thanks, Andy. And to all others, thanks for your advice. I'm now 78 and don't do serious building any more--I stand a good chance of frying a CPU! And I wouldn't trust any of my friends, either ;-D Best, -Tom
Recommendations for a home server running Debian Bullseye (11)?
I am looking for a commercial grade server (for home use) to replace my remote ones. I am looking at Dell's site and an almost-empty chassis with a low-end Intel, 1 TB SATA, and 8 Gb ECC RAM is in the $800 ball park. It looks very upgradeable. Anyone have any suggestions on whether to buy or not? I would add at least two 1 Tb SSD from Crucial to it. Thanks, -Tom
setting path for root after "sudo su" and "sudo" for Debian Bullseye (11)
I need a special path setting for root after both "sudo" and "sudo su." How can I set that up correctly? Searching for a definitive answer seems hopeless. Any working solution is greatly appreciated. In desperation I've thought about modifying /etc/login.defs for both root and all users, but hope there is a better solution. Best regards, -Tom
Re: setting path for root after "sudo su" and "sudo" for Debian Bullseye (11)
On Thu, May 19, 2022 at 06:03 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Thu, May 19, 2022 at 05:47:29AM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > $ sudo su > > # ./myprog install > > Again, there's no reason to use both "sudo" AND "su". Just "sudo -s" > would give you the interactive root shell, without changing directory. > > I feel like you're doing "sudo su" out of some bad habit that you've > developed. You'd be doing yourself a favor if you retrain yourself > to use "sudo -s" instead. Greg, I think I need to change the paths in the sudoer file. I just tried the "sudo -i" and sudo -s" incantations on my script and they still don't have the needed path component. I use the "/etc/sudoers.d" directory with my "username-sudoer" file under it. Is that file a place where I could affect the path with some kind of bashism? -Tom
Re: setting path for root after "sudo su" and "sudo" for Debian Bullseye (11)
On Thu, May 19, 2022 at 06:31 Greg Wooledge wrote: ... > > > > I feel like you're doing "sudo su" out of some bad habit that you've > > > developed. You'd be doing yourself a favor if you retrain yourself > > > to use "sudo -s" instead. > > > > Greg, I think I need to change the paths in the sudoer file. I just tried > > the "sudo -i" and sudo -s" incantations on my script and they still don't > > have the needed path component. > > Which is... what? > > Perhaps what you should be doing instead is creating a symlink named > /usr/local/bin/raku which points to your /opt/whatever/raku program. > That's how third-party (or local) programs that don't install in > /usr/local are typically handled. Hm, I'll think about that. It's a good question for the man who maintains the third party Debian package for Raku. > I use the "/etc/sudoers.d" directory with my "username-sudoer" file under > > it. Is that file a place where I could affect the path with some kind of > > bashism? > > No idea. Try it and see? Also, I'm not sure what you mean by "bashism" > here, but good luck trying to decipher the sudoers(5) man page to see > what's allowed and what isn't. Yes, that was part of my reference to doc confusion in the original post. "bashism" is my snarky reference to my favorite shell (ugh, I used to love cshell for some dumb reason, oh yeah, it was the default shell on Sun OS and SGI Irix back in the day). Thanks for good ideas, Greg. -Tom
