[gentoo-user] ssmtp - localmail
According to: https://wiki.webevaluation.nl/sending_e-mail_with_ssmtp ssmtp has no local e-mail so it can not send cron output to /var/mail/user But from posting at: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/69133/where-is-the-setting-for-sending-email-to-a-system-user-with-ssmtp Aliases for TO: addresses would normally need to be set in /etc/aliases, but SSMTP doesn't read this! Instead, you need to edit /etc/mail.rc and add a line such as alias root root Can anybody verify it? -- Thelma
[gentoo-user] Anyone using extract_url with mutt?
urlview has served me faithfully for many years in conjunction with mutt. In a recent install, I find it's no longer available (python 2.7?). extract_url is touted as a drop-in replacement for urlview. I emerged it and did some RTFM, ending up more confused than ever. I want to display urls on a simple menu, just like urlview, select, and pass the selected url to my palemoon email profile... /home/waltdnes/pm/palemoon/palemoon -new-instance -p email The man page had example macros for mutt 1.4.x and mutt 1.5.x. I'm on 1.14.4, so that doesn't seem to help. Is anyone running extract_url with mutt? If so, what is your macro? -- Walter Dnes I don't run "desktop environments"; I run useful applications
Re: [gentoo-user] sendmail configuration
[snip > cat revaliases (did not test this one yet) > root:root@localdomain:mail.my-domain.com > thelma:i...@my-domain.com:mail.my-domain.com > > Are the aliases correct? Looking at aliases from postfix: # Basic system aliases -- these MUST be present. MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster postmaster: root # General redirections for pseudo accounts. adm:root bin:root daemon: root exim: root lp: root mail: root named: root nobody: root postfix:root # Well-known aliases -- these should be filled in! root: thelma apache: thelma # alias for notification messages from HylaFAX servers # FaxMaster:email-address # operator: # Standard RFC2142 aliases abuse: postmaster ftp:root hostmaster: root news: usenet noc:root security: root usenet: root uucp: root webmaster: root www:webmaster My revaliases file is a bit short. Where is local mail being sent from "emerge" ?
Re: [gentoo-user] sendmail configuration
On 11/25/2020 07:52 PM, Matt Connell (Gmail) wrote: > On Wed, 2020-11-25 at 19:41 -0700, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: >> But if I can not make it to work, will go back to postfix. > > For new setups, I've always had good success with SSMTP. Very bare, > simple, and reliable. > > mail-mta/ssmtp in portage. I'm trying to make ssmtp to work. But I got stuck. On my system I'm using Thunderbird that works perfectly without much difficulties. On my system I need ssmtp to just sent mail out to my provider (incoming mail is handled by Thunderbird) and get a local mail from emerge, etc handled by ssmtp. >From POP account I have: mail.my-domain.com Port: 110 user name: email-address Outgoing mail: mail.my-domain.com Port: 1025 user name: email-address Both incoming mail and outgoing mail require password. I entered in: ssmtp.conf mailhub=smtp.my-domain.com rewriteDomain= hostname=email-address AuthUser=email-address AuthPass=password FromLineOverride=YES Is there anything to improve? The outgoing mail works, when tested via "mailto" cat revaliases (did not test this one yet) root:root@localdomain:mail.my-domain.com thelma:i...@my-domain.com:mail.my-domain.com Are the aliases correct?
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: sendmail configuration
On 11/25/20 9:02 PM, Grant Edwards wrote: O'Reilly's_Sendmail_ 4th Edition (the bat book), has 1312 pages and weighs four pounds. There is actually a much smaller book than the quintessential Bat book that is multiple orders of magnitude. IM(ns)HO the Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide is well worth reading by anyone that wants to be serious about administering sendmail. I have (re)read (multiple versions of) it multiple times in my multi-decade fling with Sendmail. Take part of an afternoon every few years and skim it and / or read new / updated parts of it. It's usually with the sendmail source code. But you can easily search the web for multiple copies of it. I've read the SIOG multiple times cover-to-cover. I've never read more than 20-30 pages of the Bat book at any given time. Aside: I have a low opinion of many O'Reilly books when it comes to learning something new. They are frequently the definitive reference, second only to source code. But reference material is not the best way to learn. Think man page vs tutorials. -- Grant. . . . unix || die
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: sendmail configuration
On 11/25/20 9:09 PM, Grant Edwards wrote: Ah, that's another devine mystery. I believe that the small size of a sendmail config file, when compared to the number of malfunctions it can create violates several basic tenants of information theory. I think the explanation involves extra dimensions that normal software can't access. That's because the sendmail.mc file is not a configuration file in the normal sense of the word. It is a collection of macros that are then expanded into the configuration file. There are many subtle inter dependencies that are not obvious. Many are documented in the cf/README file in the sendmail source bundle. Not all distros include said file. -- Grant. . . . unix || die
Re: [gentoo-user] sendmail configuration
On 11/25/20 9:47 PM, Grant Taylor wrote: That is supported. You will need to set up a map and tell Sendmail how to use it. It's not difficult. But it's been so long that I don't remember exactly how to do it. It's another define(...) or feature(...) line and adding entries to the file they reference. TL;DR: sendmail.cf: --8<-- define(`SMART_HOST', `mail.shaw.ca') FEATURE(`authinfo') -->8-- authinfo: --8<-- AuthInfo:mail.shaw.ca "U:USERNAME" "P:PASSWORD" "M:PLAIN" -->8-- PSA: Remember that Sendmail uses one or more tab(s), not a space, to separate the Left Hand Side (LHS) and Right Hand Side (RHS) of maps. authinfo is a map. This looks correct. At least it seems to match my vague memory. Link - Smart Host setup with SMTP Authentication on Sendmail - http://dnsexit.com/support/mailrelay/sendmail.html -- Grant. . . . unix || die
Re: [gentoo-user] sendmail configuration
On 11/25/20 6:47 PM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: I've always used postifx but I want to try sendmail this time. I've been using Sendmail for 20 years on multiple Linux and Unixes. And I have a hard time finding gentoo howto. Thankfully, much of Sendmail is self contained and isn't much different between distros / OSs. Including Gentoo. The biggest difference is the location of files. Some distros / OSs don't include the configuration (m4) files with the binary files, thus you must install them as an additional package or admin sendmail.cf by hand. ProTip: DO NOT EDIT sendmail.cf by hand. Always Always Always edit the sendmail.mc file and re-build the sendmail.cf file*. *This is the line told to beginning Sendmail administrators. At some point you will edit the sendmail.cf file by hand while testing and then promote changes to the sendmail.mc file. -- Editing sendmail.cf is not dissimilar to hex editing a binary compared to editing the source (sendmail.mc) file and recompiling. I runonto some instruction in: http://www.quickfixlinux.com/linux/how-to-configure-sendmail-in-linux/ The comp.mail.sendmail newsgroup is your friend. But don't have much lack. Original config file after emerge looks like: cat /etc/mail/sendmail.mc divert(-1) divert(0)dnl include(`/usr/share/sendmail-cf/m4/cf.m4')dnl VERSIONID(`$Id$')dnl OSTYPE(linux)dnl DOMAIN(generic)dnl FEATURE(`smrsh',`/usr/sbin/smrsh')dnl FEATURE(`local_lmtp',`/usr/sbin/mail.local')dnl FEATURE(`local_procmail')dnl MAILER(local)dnl MAILER(smtp)dnl MAILER(procmail)dnl I've added a line no.7 define(`SMART_HOST’,`mail.shaw.ca’)dnl but I get an error running: m4 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc > /etc/mail/sendmail.cf m4:/etc/mail/sendmail.mc:7: ERROR: end of file in string Pay very special attention to the opening and closing quotes. Sendmail makes extensive use of the macro four (m4) language to ""compile the sendmail.mc file into the sendmail.cf file. m4 is quite particular in what quotes it uses. define(`SMART_HOST’,`mail.shaw.ca’)dnl ^ ^ These quotes look wrong to me. I don't know if this is a symptom of copy & pasting somewhere by someone or what. I would expect the line to look like this: define(`SMART_HOST',`mail.shaw.ca')dnl m4 uses the left single quote (on the ~ key) to open and the straight single quote (on the " key) to close. I forgot to mention that I need to input a password to connect to provider mail-server when sending a mail. That is supported. You will need to set up a map and tell Sendmail how to use it. It's not difficult. But it's been so long that I don't remember exactly how to do it. It's another define(...) or feature(...) line and adding entries to the file they reference. -- Grant. . . . unix || die
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: sendmail configuration
On 04:02 Thu 26 Nov 2020, Grant Edwards wrote: On 2020-11-26, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: I've always used postifx but I want to try sendmail this time. Appropos of nothing, might we ask why? I've heard there are things that you can do with sendmail that you can't do with postfix or exim or qmail, but the descriptions of what sorts of "things" would require sendmail were rarely intelligible to a mere mortal. And I have a hard time finding gentoo howto. Back when we used to sendmail on SunOS in the early 90's the generally accepted approach was to copy somebody else's config file that almost worked, change things more or less at random and then watch the disks fill up and the network crash. The miraculous part was that the disk would fill up but all the mail would disappear. I think sendmail configuration was where "cargo cult" programming originated. From "The Unix-Hater's Handbook" Sendmail: The Vietnam of Berkeley Unix Sendmail is the standard Unix mailer, and it is likely to remain the standard Unix mailer for many, many years. Although other mailers (such as MMDF and smail) have been written, none of them simultaneously enjoy sendmail’s popularity or widespread animosity. O'Reilly's _Sendmail_ 4th Edition (the bat book), has 1312 pages and weighs four pounds. Head up the river if you must, but don't get out of the boat. -- Grant On the lighter side, it famously known that , if you poke at sendmail conf more than once, then you are effected by the paranoia and which is not good for you and others around you. :) ~Bhaskar signature.asc Description: PGP signature
[gentoo-user] Re: sendmail configuration
On 2020-11-26, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > Thank you for input. Maybe that is why it is so hard to find good > explanation/howto how to configure it. The config file looks very > simple, that is I decided to try it. Ah, that's another devine mystery. I believe that the small size of a sendmail config file, when compared to the number of malfunctions it can create violates several basic tenants of information theory. I think the explanation involves extra dimensions that normal software can't access. -- Grant
[gentoo-user] Re: sendmail configuration
On 2020-11-26, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > I've always used postifx but I want to try sendmail this time. Appropos of nothing, might we ask why? I've heard there are things that you can do with sendmail that you can't do with postfix or exim or qmail, but the descriptions of what sorts of "things" would require sendmail were rarely intelligible to a mere mortal. > And I have a hard time finding gentoo howto. Back when we used to sendmail on SunOS in the early 90's the generally accepted approach was to copy somebody else's config file that almost worked, change things more or less at random and then watch the disks fill up and the network crash. The miraculous part was that the disk would fill up but all the mail would disappear. I think sendmail configuration was where "cargo cult" programming originated. >From "The Unix-Hater's Handbook" Sendmail: The Vietnam of Berkeley Unix Sendmail is the standard Unix mailer, and it is likely to remain the standard Unix mailer for many, many years. Although other mailers (such as MMDF and smail) have been written, none of them simultaneously enjoy sendmail’s popularity or widespread animosity. O'Reilly's _Sendmail_ 4th Edition (the bat book), has 1312 pages and weighs four pounds. Head up the river if you must, but don't get out of the boat. -- Grant
[gentoo-user] Re: duplicate gentoo system - errors
On 2020-11-25, Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 19:43:04 - (UTC), Grant Edwards wrote: > >> > Rename one of the directories and see if you can still boot :) >> >> That may not be a valid test. If grub is using a blocklist to locate >> secondary files, renaming the directory that contains those files >> won't bother grub at all. Even rm'ing the files and directory might >> not cause problems until the disk blocks of interest get reused by new >> files. > > Good point. I'm so glad I rarely have to use GRUB these days. What I don't know anymore is in which situations grub2 uses a blocklist and for what files. If you install grub2 in a partition (instead of MBR), I'm pretty sure it does. There are file locking mechanisms in some filesystems that you can use to make sure the blocks for the critical file(s) don't change. I've got some notes somewhere on that... IIRC, legacy grub used blocklists in most installation cases. There might be situations with grub2 where it doesn't have to use a blocklist to find files within the linux /boot/grub directory. Perhaps an MBR installation with plenty of empty space between the MBR and first partition? Or when /boot is a FAT partition? -- Grant
Re: [gentoo-user] sendmail configuration
On Wed, 2020-11-25 at 19:41 -0700, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > But if I can not make it to work, will go back to postfix. For new setups, I've always had good success with SSMTP. Very bare, simple, and reliable. mail-mta/ssmtp in portage.
Re: [gentoo-user] sendmail configuration
On 11/25/2020 07:03 PM, Ralph Seichter wrote: > * the...@sys-concept.com: > >> I've always used postifx but I want to try sendmail this time. >> And I have a hard time finding gentoo howto. > > Well, configuration-wise, you are saying "I've always enjoyed a soothing > massage, but I want to try being dragged over cobblestone pavement while > simultaneously being caned this time". Some people might choose this > option, but it is not exactly mainstream. ;-) > > Based on my personal experience of having used Sendmail for many years > before Postfix became available, I recommend avoiding Sendmail whenever > humanly possible. > > -Ralph Thank you for input. Maybe that is why it is so hard to find good explanation/howto how to configure it. The config file looks very simple, that is I decided to try it. But if I can not make it to work, will go back to postfix.
Re: [gentoo-user] sendmail configuration
* the...@sys-concept.com: > I've always used postifx but I want to try sendmail this time. > And I have a hard time finding gentoo howto. Well, configuration-wise, you are saying "I've always enjoyed a soothing massage, but I want to try being dragged over cobblestone pavement while simultaneously being caned this time". Some people might choose this option, but it is not exactly mainstream. ;-) Based on my personal experience of having used Sendmail for many years before Postfix became available, I recommend avoiding Sendmail whenever humanly possible. -Ralph
Re: [gentoo-user] genkernel all
the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > On 11/25/2020 10:33 AM, Dale wrote: >> the...@sys-concept.com wrote: >>> On 11/25/2020 08:27 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: On 11/25/2020 08:23 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > I compiled "genkernel all" instead of looking for the correct entry to > boot my M.2 drive. > > Not I compiled nvidia-drivers and got a message: > > * Messages for package x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers-455.28-r1: > > * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU:should not be set. But it is. > * Please check to make sure these options are set correctly. > * Failure to do so may cause unexpected problems. > * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU:should not be set. But it is. > > Genkernel all doesn't have any .config file. > How to remove them? Where to get .config for genkernel all? > found it in /etc/genkernel.conf >>> That was not it. I copied genkernel.conf to /usr/src/linux/.config but >>> this configuration file is different. >>> I was looking for CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU in genkernel.conf I couldn't >>> find it. >>> >>> The reason I'm using "genkernel all" as there is some setting missing in >>> my old .config file that is stop booting my M.2 SSD (are there any >>> special option in kernel for it?). I'm getting an error: >>> kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on >>> unknown-block (0, 0) >>> >>> >>> >> >> If you have a bootable media, CD, another distro or whatever that works, >> you can grab the config from it if it recognizes M.2 SSD. That will >> give you a starting point at least. Later on, you can remove things or >> make changes as needed. The command zcat /proc/config.gz should work >> and you can tell that to put it in a regular file and if mounted, even >> put it in your kernel source directory. >> >> Hope that helps. >> >> Dale >> >> :-) :-) > zcat /proc/config.gz > Very useful thank you. It will be handy. > > I've noticed that using: genkernel --menuconfig all > puts the .config in /usr/src/linux directory and copy kernel to /boot > after compiling when you exit. > In addition I've switch to "refind" instead of grub; much simpler and > user friendly. > That sounds good. I've always configured my own kernels but it can take a few tries to get a bootable one. Even tho you were trying to use genkernel, if it isn't working right, borrowing a config from a known working setup can allow you to build your own kernel manually. It may even be faster than using genkernel, which I've read works in most cases. Either way, whatever works and gets you going. Dale :-) :-)
[gentoo-user] sendmail configuration
I've always used postifx but I want to try sendmail this time. And I have a hard time finding gentoo howto. I runonto some instruction in: http://www.quickfixlinux.com/linux/how-to-configure-sendmail-in-linux/ But don't have much lack. Original config file after emerge looks like: cat /etc/mail/sendmail.mc divert(-1) divert(0)dnl include(`/usr/share/sendmail-cf/m4/cf.m4')dnl VERSIONID(`$Id$')dnl OSTYPE(linux)dnl DOMAIN(generic)dnl FEATURE(`smrsh',`/usr/sbin/smrsh')dnl FEATURE(`local_lmtp',`/usr/sbin/mail.local')dnl FEATURE(`local_procmail')dnl MAILER(local)dnl MAILER(smtp)dnl MAILER(procmail)dnl I've added a line no.7 define(`SMART_HOST’,`mail.shaw.ca’)dnl but I get an error running: m4 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc > /etc/mail/sendmail.cf m4:/etc/mail/sendmail.mc:7: ERROR: end of file in string I forgot to mention that I need to input a password to connect to provider mail-server when sending a mail. -- Thelma
Re: [gentoo-user] genkernel all
On 11/25/2020 10:33 AM, Dale wrote: > the...@sys-concept.com wrote: >> On 11/25/2020 08:27 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: >>> On 11/25/2020 08:23 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: I compiled "genkernel all" instead of looking for the correct entry to boot my M.2 drive. Not I compiled nvidia-drivers and got a message: * Messages for package x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers-455.28-r1: * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU: should not be set. But it is. * Please check to make sure these options are set correctly. * Failure to do so may cause unexpected problems. * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU: should not be set. But it is. Genkernel all doesn't have any .config file. How to remove them? Where to get .config for genkernel all? >>> found it in /etc/genkernel.conf >> That was not it. I copied genkernel.conf to /usr/src/linux/.config but >> this configuration file is different. >> I was looking for CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU in genkernel.conf I couldn't >> find it. >> >> The reason I'm using "genkernel all" as there is some setting missing in >> my old .config file that is stop booting my M.2 SSD (are there any >> special option in kernel for it?). I'm getting an error: >> kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on >> unknown-block (0, 0) >> >> >> > > > If you have a bootable media, CD, another distro or whatever that works, > you can grab the config from it if it recognizes M.2 SSD. That will > give you a starting point at least. Later on, you can remove things or > make changes as needed. The command zcat /proc/config.gz should work > and you can tell that to put it in a regular file and if mounted, even > put it in your kernel source directory. > > Hope that helps. > > Dale > > :-) :-) zcat /proc/config.gz Very useful thank you. It will be handy. I've noticed that using: genkernel --menuconfig all puts the .config in /usr/src/linux directory and copy kernel to /boot after compiling when you exit. In addition I've switch to "refind" instead of grub; much simpler and user friendly. >
Re: [gentoo-user] Is there a way to misconfigure USB ports in the kernel?
On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 17:37:15 GMT Dr Rainer Woitok wrote: > Greetings, > > since my old 64 GB Verbatim USB sticks became too small, I bought two > new 128 GB Philips sticks. Because I need to read and write them on > both, a stand-alone Windows laptop (not connected to the internet) runn- > ing Windows Vista and Cygwin and my Gentoo laptop, I encrypted them with > old TrueCrypt on the Windows box, using them under Gentoo in TrueCrypt > compatibility mode. > > This worked well with the Verbatim USB sticks (which probably are USB > 2.0), but while reading the new USB 3.0 Philips USB sticks is signific- > antly faster than reading the old Verbatim USB sticks, writing to them > is slow as hell under Gentoo. And writing to the Philips USB sticks on > the old Vista laptop with USB 2.0 ports clearly outperforms writing to > them using the Gentoo laptop's USB 3.0 ports. > > This could be a problem with TrueCrypt/VeraCrypt or with somehow miscon- > figured USB ports. To check for the latter I provide below all kernel > configuration variables I regard USB related in the hope that some know- > ledgable people might find a glitch in there: Check dmesg to see if initialisation of the USB 3.0 drive throws up any errors. Then check 'lsusb -t' to make sure it has been recognised as a USB 3.0. If write operations without TrueCrypt/VeraCrypt are equally slow, then obviously the problem is not with encryption. I've read in a number of articles the erase block size on most USB flash (NAND) is 128KB, which incurs a lot of operations on a write, when using Linux with its 4K size sectors. Partitioning the USB drive to use 128KB sectors and then aligning the fs on it should improve matters. I found this article which mentions an experiment with ext4 fs. A more effective search should hopefully bring up examples on FAT fs. HTH. signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
antlists wrote: > On 25/11/2020 22:59, Neil Bothwick wrote: >> On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 13:37:48 -0600, Dale wrote: >> > First I've heard of a laptop having space for two hard drives. I > need to make a note of that. Now one has reason to use labels on > laptops too. o_O You already have. what if you boot with a flash drive connected and it is recognised first? >>> >>> I wasn't counting a external device. I was just referring to internal >>> hard drives. I don't even put flash drives in the same category as a >>> hard drive either, even tho they can get large. >> >> Large in capacity but physically small. It's easy to reboot and not >> realise you have a flash drive connected, which could possibly mess up >> your drive naming. >> > Yup. I've forgotten which system it was - possibly this one - but I've > got a system which will refuse to boot if I forget I've got a USB > stick in it ... > > Cheers, > Wol > > I actually have mine set to look for a DVD first, USB stick second and then for my 1st hard drive. Thing is, I know not to have those things there when I boot. Of course, I don't boot/reboot very often. When I do, it's usually a power failure. I guess because I've never did that, except when I need to boot that way, I never thought a person would have one plugged in that way. Of course, I'm a bit weird. Don't bother arguing with me on that. ROFL Dale :-) :-)
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On 25/11/2020 22:59, Neil Bothwick wrote: On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 13:37:48 -0600, Dale wrote: First I've heard of a laptop having space for two hard drives. I need to make a note of that. Now one has reason to use labels on laptops too. o_O You already have. what if you boot with a flash drive connected and it is recognised first? I wasn't counting a external device. I was just referring to internal hard drives. I don't even put flash drives in the same category as a hard drive either, even tho they can get large. Large in capacity but physically small. It's easy to reboot and not realise you have a flash drive connected, which could possibly mess up your drive naming. Yup. I've forgotten which system it was - possibly this one - but I've got a system which will refuse to boot if I forget I've got a USB stick in it ... Cheers, Wol
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
On 25/11/2020 23:03, Neil Bothwick wrote: On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 19:37:32 - (UTC), Grant Edwards wrote: I'm not sure chainloading would work as that requires a drive definition from which to load the boot sector. I thought that's what LVM provided was a drive definition. It's more like a partition definition, GRUB requires the boot sector/MBR of a whole drive. I'm asking about chainloading. Grub has already been loaded via MBR and grub's partition (which can be a normal physical partition if needed). Grub is now running and displaying its menu. Each of the menu entries instructs grub to load the first sector of a specified partition into RAM and execute it. That sector can contain grub, LILO, windows boot manager, whatever. If grub understands LVM volumes, then can it read that first sector from an LVM volume instead of a physical partition? I think the only way to find out is to try it, but my gut feeling about this is not good. However, I'd be happy for my gut to be proved wrong. Well, it should be able to do it with raid (you can partition an md-raid volume), so maybe the same with LVM? Cheers, Wol
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 19:37:32 - (UTC), Grant Edwards wrote: > >> > I'm not sure chainloading would work as that requires a drive > >> > definition from which to load the boot sector. > >> > >> I thought that's what LVM provided was a drive definition. > > > > It's more like a partition definition, GRUB requires the boot > > sector/MBR of a whole drive. > > I'm asking about chainloading. Grub has already been loaded via MBR > and grub's partition (which can be a normal physical partition if > needed). Grub is now running and displaying its menu. Each of the menu > entries instructs grub to load the first sector of a specified > partition into RAM and execute it. That sector can contain grub, LILO, > windows boot manager, whatever. If grub understands LVM volumes, then > can it read that first sector from an LVM volume instead of a physical > partition? I think the only way to find out is to try it, but my gut feeling about this is not good. However, I'd be happy for my gut to be proved wrong. -- Neil Bothwick Confucius say : He who play in root, eventually kill tree! pgp9TnIacKs6a.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 19:43:04 - (UTC), Grant Edwards wrote: > > Rename one of the directories and see if you can still boot :) > > That may not be a valid test. If grub is using a blocklist to locate > secondary files, renaming the directory that contains those files > won't bother grub at all. Even rm'ing the files and directory might > not cause problems until the disk blocks of interest get reused by new > files. Good point. I'm so glad I rarely have to use GRUB these days. -- Neil Bothwick Don't judge a book by its movie. pgpeYDTnWVkVl.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 13:37:48 -0600, Dale wrote: > >> First I've heard of a laptop having space for two hard drives. I > >> need to make a note of that. Now one has reason to use labels on > >> laptops too. o_O > > You already have. what if you boot with a flash drive connected and > > it is recognised first? > > I wasn't counting a external device. I was just referring to internal > hard drives. I don't even put flash drives in the same category as a > hard drive either, even tho they can get large. Large in capacity but physically small. It's easy to reboot and not realise you have a flash drive connected, which could possibly mess up your drive naming. -- Neil Bothwick Men who have playful kittens shouldn't sleep in the nude. pgpYwcbPwRF8J.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] Gnome mplayer replacement
Poncho wrote: > On 20.11.20 04:32, Dale wrote: >> I been using celluloid a fair amount. So far, it is the closest to >> gnome player after a little tweaking here and there. A couple things >> tho. I like it to start in a specific window size. I like it as big as >> I can but not cover up my Kmix volume controls. I have Kmix set to a >> specific spot, right side, and then I adjust my video player to take up >> the rest of the screen. I then tell KDE to always use those settings by >> right clicking the top bat and setting application settings. Celluloid >> doesn't have the normal bar at the top of the window tho. I can't right >> click on it and tell it to use specific settings. I suspect this is >> made for something other than KDE. My other thing, I can't see the >> close button in the upper right. It closes when I blindly click it but >> it's not visible. I feel like a blind squirrel looking for a acorn. >> >> Anyone know a way to workaround those two things? The first one is >> really annoying as I have to right click the top bar and select resize >> to set it like I want, each and every time I open it. o_O > > You can specify an mpv.conf file to use in the settings of celluloid. > Preferences -> Config files -> Load MPV configuration file > > See https://github.com/celluloid-player/celluloid#configuration > > MPV settings like fullscreen, geometry, autofit, force-window should > work if you set them in the corresponding config. > > >> >> Thanks. >> >> Dale >> >> :-) :-) >> P. S. Never would have guessed celluloid was a video player. O_O > > It used to be called gnome-mpv... but was renamed to celluloid some > time ago. > > > I got it to load the mpv file but Celluloid still doesn't do what I want. I might add, I have yet to figure out how to set such things in the config file either. It seems there is no such option to put in the file. Since it doesn't seem to be capable of doing some fairly simple things, I moved on. I found QMPlay2 and it works fine except that it doesn't close at the end of the video. It just shows the little icon thing and sits there. So far, that's the only thing I haven't found a workaround/setting/config for. I've got everything else to work like it should. Dang near a drop in replacement for Gnome-player. At this point, it seems QMPlay2 is going to be used for a while. There are others that I like better as far as looks go but they just don't work the way I want and seem to lack the ability to do so. May give them a try later on. I wish Celluloid worked but it seems it just isn't there yet. Thanks. Dale :-) :-)
Re: [gentoo-user] genkernel all
On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 17:11:30 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > The reason I'm using "genkernel all" as there is some setting missing in > my old .config file that is stop booting my M.2 SSD (are there any > special option in kernel for it?). I'm getting an error: > kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on > unknown-block (0, 0) This is what I have: # grep -i nvm /usr/src/linux/.config # NVME Support CONFIG_NVME_CORE=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NVME=y # CONFIG_NVME_MULTIPATH is not set # CONFIG_NVME_FC is not set # CONFIG_NVME_TCP is not set # end of NVME Support CONFIG_NVM=y # CONFIG_NVM_PBLK is not set CONFIG_RTC_NVMEM=y CONFIG_NVMEM=y CONFIG_NVMEM_SYSFS=y -- Regards, Peter.
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: duplicate gentoo system - errors
Grant Edwards wrote: > On 2020-11-25, Neil Bothwick wrote: >> On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 13:30:46 -0600, Dale wrote: >> > If I can get rid of the plain grub, that would free up some space. > The grub2 directory isn't as big but still wouldn't hurt. GRUB2 uses /boot/grub here, I suspect /boot/grub2 might be the surplus one, but check the timestamps. >>> Well, grub2 shows the latest change. Plain grub shows older changes. >>> Most things in plain grub shows a date of April 2019. Things in grub2 >>> are 2013 except for grub.cfg which shows June 2020. That is likely >>> about the time I rebuilt my last kernel, or somewhere close to that >>> anyway. Sort of confusing. >>> >>> Just wondering if leaving that alone may be best. ;-) >> Rename one of the directories and see if you can still boot :) > That may not be a valid test. If grub is using a blocklist to locate > secondary files, renaming the directory that contains those files > won't bother grub at all. Even rm'ing the files and directory might > not cause problems until the disk blocks of interest get reused by new > files. > > -- > Grant Great. I don't know if I can remove them and boot normal or not. :/ I guess I'll leave them for now. Maybe I can create a chroot and see what it looks like after I install grub2??? I got equery to list the files grub installs but it doesn't show anything being put in /boot. I wonder, if I remove all but grub.cfg, would installing it again, like after a kernel upgrade, would install what is needed again??? Dale :-) :-)
[gentoo-user] Re: duplicate gentoo system - errors
On 2020-11-25, Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 13:30:46 -0600, Dale wrote: > >> >> If I can get rid of the plain grub, that would free up some space. >> >> The grub2 directory isn't as big but still wouldn't hurt. >> > GRUB2 uses /boot/grub here, I suspect /boot/grub2 might be the surplus >> > one, but check the timestamps. >> >> Well, grub2 shows the latest change. Plain grub shows older changes. >> Most things in plain grub shows a date of April 2019. Things in grub2 >> are 2013 except for grub.cfg which shows June 2020. That is likely >> about the time I rebuilt my last kernel, or somewhere close to that >> anyway. Sort of confusing. >> >> Just wondering if leaving that alone may be best. ;-) > > Rename one of the directories and see if you can still boot :) That may not be a valid test. If grub is using a blocklist to locate secondary files, renaming the directory that contains those files won't bother grub at all. Even rm'ing the files and directory might not cause problems until the disk blocks of interest get reused by new files. -- Grant
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 13:30:46 -0600, Dale wrote: > >> If I can get rid of the plain grub, that would free up some space. > >> The grub2 directory isn't as big but still wouldn't hurt. > > GRUB2 uses /boot/grub here, I suspect /boot/grub2 might be the surplus > > one, but check the timestamps. > > > > > > > Well, grub2 shows the latest change. Plain grub shows older changes. > Most things in plain grub shows a date of April 2019. Things in grub2 > are 2013 except for grub.cfg which shows June 2020. That is likely > about the time I rebuilt my last kernel, or somewhere close to that > anyway. Sort of confusing. > > Just wondering if leaving that alone may be best. ;-) Rename one of the directories and see if you can still boot :) -- Neil Bothwick I'm moving to theory. Everything works there! pgpE4pNvnnk9T.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 11:55:56 -0600, Dale wrote: > >> First I've heard of a laptop having space for two hard drives. I need >> to make a note of that. Now one has reason to use labels on laptops >> too. o_O > You already have. what if you boot with a flash drive connected and it is > recognised first? > > I wasn't counting a external device. I was just referring to internal hard drives. I don't even put flash drives in the same category as a hard drive either, even tho they can get large. I guess SSDs are so small they can fit two in a laptop nowadays. I guess if a laptop is big enough, one could fit a couple regular drives too. Given displays are so big now, it makes for more room. I've just never seen or heard of one before. I wouldn't mind having one of those in a way. OS on one drive, SSD most likely, and /home on its own drive. Almost desktop-ish. LOL Dale :-) :-) P. S. No reply from our old Alan yet. It hasn't bounced yet either.
[gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
On 2020-11-25, Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 16:04:26 - (UTC), Grant Edwards wrote: > >> > I'm not sure chainloading would work as that requires a drive >> > definition from which to load the boot sector. >> >> I thought that's what LVM provided was a drive definition. > > It's more like a partition definition, GRUB requires the boot sector/MBR > of a whole drive. I'm asking about chainloading. Grub has already been loaded via MBR and grub's partition (which can be a normal physical partition if needed). Grub is now running and displaying its menu. Each of the menu entries instructs grub to load the first sector of a specified partition into RAM and execute it. That sector can contain grub, LILO, windows boot manager, whatever. If grub understands LVM volumes, then can it read that first sector from an LVM volume instead of a physical partition? -- Grant
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 10:16:28 -0600, Dale wrote: > >> I think I was on the old grub back then. Speaking of, can >> I get rid of one of these or are both required? If I can remove one, >> which one? I'm on the new grub and have been for a while. I think I >> uninstalled the old grub a long time ago. >> >> >> root@fireball / # du -shc /boot/grub* >> 34M /boot/grub >> 6.9M /boot/grub2 >> 41M total >> root@fireball / # >> >> >> If I can get rid of the plain grub, that would free up some space. The >> grub2 directory isn't as big but still wouldn't hurt. > GRUB2 uses /boot/grub here, I suspect /boot/grub2 might be the surplus > one, but check the timestamps. > > Well, grub2 shows the latest change. Plain grub shows older changes. Most things in plain grub shows a date of April 2019. Things in grub2 are 2013 except for grub.cfg which shows June 2020. That is likely about the time I rebuilt my last kernel, or somewhere close to that anyway. Sort of confusing. Just wondering if leaving that alone may be best. ;-) Dale :-) :-)
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 11:55:56 -0600, Dale wrote: > First I've heard of a laptop having space for two hard drives. I need > to make a note of that. Now one has reason to use labels on laptops > too. o_O You already have. what if you boot with a flash drive connected and it is recognised first? -- Neil Bothwick I am McCoy of Borg. He's assimilated, Jim! pgpt84yA0tcNJ.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 10:16:28 -0600, Dale wrote: > I think I was on the old grub back then. Speaking of, can > I get rid of one of these or are both required? If I can remove one, > which one? I'm on the new grub and have been for a while. I think I > uninstalled the old grub a long time ago. > > > root@fireball / # du -shc /boot/grub* > 34M /boot/grub > 6.9M /boot/grub2 > 41M total > root@fireball / # > > > If I can get rid of the plain grub, that would free up some space. The > grub2 directory isn't as big but still wouldn't hurt. GRUB2 uses /boot/grub here, I suspect /boot/grub2 might be the surplus one, but check the timestamps. -- Neil Bothwick Echo > Speak: "Whale oil beef hooked" pgp9cpCQFIKya.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 16:04:26 - (UTC), Grant Edwards wrote: > > I'm not sure chainloading would work as that requires a drive > > definition from which to load the boot sector. > > I thought that's what LVM provided was a drive definition. It's more like a partition definition, GRUB requires the boot sector/MBR of a whole drive. -- Neil Bothwick Bug: (n.) any program feature not yet described to the marketing department. pgp6P9LObFzRX.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] Browser have problems with illegal characters
On 2020.11.25 13:08, Jack wrote: On 2020.11.25 07:24, Helmut Jarausch wrote: Hi, if I try to save a web page containing an illegal character (like hookrace.net/blog/introduction-to-metaprogramming-in-nim/) several browser show an error (attached image) and cannot recover from it. I have no chance to change the filename. I have to 'xkill' it What can I do about this? (My locale is en_US.iso88591) Many thanks for a hint, Helmut Both Firefox and Chromium (KDE) save for me with no complaints, and "ls -b" calls that character 302 267, which shows up as a vertically centered dot, but I haven't figured out exactly what character it is. I have en_US.UTF-8. Found it. It is "middle dot" U+00B7 which in UTF-8 two bytes of octal 302 267 or hex C2 8E. Also, now that I look at the page source, I see "Introduction to Metaprogramming in Nim HookRace Blog" so I do wonder if it is something funny with the character coding with iso88591. In fact, it does look like that unicode point it NOT available in iso88591. I wonder what the proper fall-back should be in such a case.
Re: [gentoo-user] Browser have problems with illegal characters
On 2020.11.25 07:24, Helmut Jarausch wrote: Hi, if I try to save a web page containing an illegal character (like hookrace.net/blog/introduction-to-metaprogramming-in-nim/) several browser show an error (attached image) and cannot recover from it. I have no chance to change the filename. I have to 'xkill' it What can I do about this? (My locale is en_US.iso88591) Many thanks for a hint, Helmut Both Firefox and Chromium (KDE) save for me with no complaints, and "ls -b" calls that character 302 267, which shows up as a vertically centered dot, but I haven't figured out exactly what character it is. I have en_US.UTF-8. Jack
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
antlists wrote: > On 25/11/2020 15:13, Dale wrote: >> I can't think of a reason not to use labels, at the very least, in most >> situations. The only one I can think of, a laptop that has only one >> hard drive. Sort of hard to install two hard drives on a laptop. A >> external one can be done but never seen one with two spots for internal >> hard drives. Do they make those??? > > I'm writing this on one of those right now ... > > Windows on the first drive, and SUSE and gentoo on the second, except > I can't get SUSE to realise I want the boot files on the first drive, > so of course EFI can't find it to boot it. > > (SUSE would put the boot files in the right place if I did an "expert > partition" jobbie, but I don't want to do that seeing as I've never > played with EFI before.) > > Cheers, > Wol > > First I've heard of a laptop having space for two hard drives. I need to make a note of that. Now one has reason to use labels on laptops too. o_O Dale :-) :-)
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On 25/11/2020 15:17, Rich Freeman wrote: On Wed, Nov 25, 2020 at 8:55 AM Wols Lists wrote: On 25/11/20 13:31, Rich Freeman wrote: Now, one area I would use UUIDs is with mdadm if you're not putting lvm on top. I've seen mdadm arrays get renumbered and that is a mess if you're directly mounting them without labels or UUIDs. It is recommended to use names, so I call it by what it is, so I have things like /dev/md/gentoo, /dev/md/home etc. Is that supported with the original metadata format? I suspect that was a big constraint since at the time my bootloader didn't support anything newer. Which format is this? version zero (i.e. just mdadm.conf), or 0.9 which is the kernel auto-assembly version. Either way, they're obsolete and bit-rotting. I guess you do need version 1 (the difference between 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 is the location of the superblock, not the layout). Cheers, Wol
Re: [gentoo-user] kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block (0, 0)
On Wed, Nov 25, 2020 at 12:15 PM wrote: > > On 11/25/2020 02:50 AM, Michael wrote: > > On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 06:30:05 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > > > >> On 11/24/2020 10:08 PM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > >>> I'm getting a kernel panic when booting a new system. > >>> > >>> kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block > >>> (0,0) > >>> > >>> fstab: > >>> LABEL=boot /boot vfat > > noauto,noatime1 2 > >>> root=UUID=d32946b3-2236-4998-80dd-68b7d78e0c7b / > > ext4noatime 0 1 > >>> LABEL=swap noneswap > > sw0 0 > >>> > >>> I even use: emerge --ask sys-kernel/genkernel > >>> genkernel all > >>> > >>> So all the driver are compile-in (nothing should be missing) > >>> > >>> ls -al /boot/vmlinu* /boot/initramfs* > >>> -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11221820 Nov 24 21:30 > >>> /boot/initramfs-5.4.72-gentoo-x86_64.img -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9036672 > >>> Nov 24 10:56 /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.72-gentoo -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8513920 > >>> Nov 24 21:18 /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.72-gentoo-x86_64 > >> This problem is solved, it seems to me I was booting old kernel. > >> Removing old kernel and re-running: > >> grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg > >> > >> Solved the problem. > > > > Glad you got your new disk booting. > > > > Worth mentioning your fstab syntax is not entirely correct. According to > > 'man > > fstab' you can specify a device with LABEL=, as long as you have set > > up a filesystem label with e.g. mkfs, or tune2fs. So, your "LABEL=boot" is > > correct. > > > > UUID on the other hand is meant to be specified like so: > > > > UUID= > > > > In your case it would be: > > > > UUID=d32946b3-2236-4998-80dd-68b7d78e0c7b > > > > instead of it being preceded by "root=". > > The "genkernel all" is working but I need to find out which option is it > that allow booting the drive. The genkernel.conf is different from > standard kernel .config > > Removing options from genkernel is not easy. With most initramfs you just pass root=UUID=foo on the kernel command line. In the past genkernel has been quirky - I use dracut and you'd definitely just use root=UUID=foo there. -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On 25/11/2020 15:13, Dale wrote: I can't think of a reason not to use labels, at the very least, in most situations. The only one I can think of, a laptop that has only one hard drive. Sort of hard to install two hard drives on a laptop. A external one can be done but never seen one with two spots for internal hard drives. Do they make those??? I'm writing this on one of those right now ... Windows on the first drive, and SUSE and gentoo on the second, except I can't get SUSE to realise I want the boot files on the first drive, so of course EFI can't find it to boot it. (SUSE would put the boot files in the right place if I did an "expert partition" jobbie, but I don't want to do that seeing as I've never played with EFI before.) Cheers, Wol
[gentoo-user] Is there a way to misconfigure USB ports in the kernel?
Greetings, since my old 64 GB Verbatim USB sticks became too small, I bought two new 128 GB Philips sticks. Because I need to read and write them on both, a stand-alone Windows laptop (not connected to the internet) runn- ing Windows Vista and Cygwin and my Gentoo laptop, I encrypted them with old TrueCrypt on the Windows box, using them under Gentoo in TrueCrypt compatibility mode. This worked well with the Verbatim USB sticks (which probably are USB 2.0), but while reading the new USB 3.0 Philips USB sticks is signific- antly faster than reading the old Verbatim USB sticks, writing to them is slow as hell under Gentoo. And writing to the Philips USB sticks on the old Vista laptop with USB 2.0 ports clearly outperforms writing to them using the Gentoo laptop's USB 3.0 ports. This could be a problem with TrueCrypt/VeraCrypt or with somehow miscon- figured USB ports. To check for the latter I provide below all kernel configuration variables I regard USB related in the hope that some know- ledgable people might find a glitch in there: $ grep -E 'Linux/|DEV_SD|SCSI|USB' /usr/src/linux/.config # Linux/x86 5.4.72-gentoo Kernel Configuration CONFIG_BLK_SCSI_REQUEST=y CONFIG_BT_HCIBTUSB=y # CONFIG_BT_HCIBTUSB_AUTOSUSPEND is not set CONFIG_BT_HCIBTUSB_BCM=y # CONFIG_BT_HCIBTUSB_MTK is not set CONFIG_BT_HCIBTUSB_RTL=y # CONFIG_BT_HCIBFUSB is not set # CONFIG_MISC_RTSX_USB is not set # SCSI device support CONFIG_SCSI_MOD=y CONFIG_SCSI=y CONFIG_SCSI_DMA=y CONFIG_SCSI_PROC_FS=y # SCSI support type (disk, tape, CD-ROM) CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SD=y CONFIG_SCSI_CONSTANTS=y # CONFIG_SCSI_LOGGING is not set # CONFIG_SCSI_SCAN_ASYNC is not set # SCSI Transports CONFIG_SCSI_SPI_ATTRS=y # CONFIG_SCSI_FC_ATTRS is not set # CONFIG_SCSI_ISCSI_ATTRS is not set # CONFIG_SCSI_SAS_ATTRS is not set # CONFIG_SCSI_SAS_LIBSAS is not set # CONFIG_SCSI_SRP_ATTRS is not set # end of SCSI Transports # CONFIG_SCSI_LOWLEVEL is not set # CONFIG_SCSI_DH is not set # end of SCSI device support CONFIG_USB_NET_DRIVERS=y # CONFIG_USB_CATC is not set # CONFIG_USB_KAWETH is not set # CONFIG_USB_PEGASUS is not set # CONFIG_USB_RTL8150 is not set # CONFIG_USB_RTL8152 is not set # CONFIG_USB_LAN78XX is not set CONFIG_USB_USBNET=y CONFIG_USB_NET_AX8817X=y CONFIG_USB_NET_AX88179_178A=y CONFIG_USB_NET_CDCETHER=y CONFIG_USB_NET_CDC_EEM=y CONFIG_USB_NET_CDC_NCM=y # CONFIG_USB_NET_HUAWEI_CDC_NCM is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_CDC_MBIM is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_DM9601 is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_SR9700 is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_SR9800 is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_SMSC75XX is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_SMSC95XX is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_GL620A is not set CONFIG_USB_NET_NET1080=y # CONFIG_USB_NET_PLUSB is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_MCS7830 is not set CONFIG_USB_NET_RNDIS_HOST=y CONFIG_USB_NET_CDC_SUBSET_ENABLE=y CONFIG_USB_NET_CDC_SUBSET=y # CONFIG_USB_ALI_M5632 is not set # CONFIG_USB_AN2720 is not set CONFIG_USB_BELKIN=y CONFIG_USB_ARMLINUX=y # CONFIG_USB_EPSON2888 is not set # CONFIG_USB_KC2190 is not set CONFIG_USB_NET_ZAURUS=y # CONFIG_USB_NET_CX82310_ETH is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_KALMIA is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_QMI_WWAN is not set # CONFIG_USB_HSO is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_INT51X1 is not set # CONFIG_USB_IPHETH is not set # CONFIG_USB_SIERRA_NET is not set # CONFIG_USB_VL600 is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_CH9200 is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_AQC111 is not set # CONFIG_USB_NET_RNDIS_WLAN is not set # CONFIG_MOUSE_SYNAPTICS_USB is not set # CONFIG_TABLET_USB_ACECAD is not set # CONFIG_TABLET_USB_AIPTEK is not set # CONFIG_TABLET_USB_GTCO is not set # CONFIG_TABLET_USB_HANWANG is not set # CONFIG_TABLET_USB_KBTAB is not set # CONFIG_TABLET_USB_PEGASUS is not set # CONFIG_TOUCHSCREEN_USB_COMPOSITE is not set # CONFIG_I2C_TINY_USB is not set # USB-based Watchdog Cards # CONFIG_USBPCWATCHDOG is not set CONFIG_SND_USB=y CONFIG_SND_USB_AUDIO=y # CONFIG_SND_USB_UA101 is not set # CONFIG_SND_USB_USX2Y is not set # CONFIG_SND_USB_CAIAQ is not set # CONFIG_SND_USB_US122L is not set # CONFIG_SND_USB_6FIRE is not set # CONFIG_SND_USB_HIFACE is not set # CONFIG_SND_USB_POD is not set # CONFIG_SND_USB_PODHD is not set # CONFIG_SND_USB_TONEPORT is not set # CONFIG_SND_USB_VARIAX is not set # USB HID support CONFIG_USB_HID=y CONFIG_USB_HIDDEV=y # end of USB HID support CONFIG_USB_OHCI_LITTLE_ENDIAN=y CONFIG_USB_SUPPORT=y CONFIG_USB_COMMON=y # CONFIG_USB_LED_TRIG is not set # CONFIG_USB_ULPI_BUS is not set CONFIG_USB_ARCH_HAS_HCD=y CONFIG_USB=y CONFIG_USB_PCI=y CONFIG_USB_ANNOUNCE_NEW_DEVICES=y # Miscellaneous USB options CONFIG_USB_DEFAULT_PERSIST=y # CONFIG_USB_DYNAMIC_MINORS is not set # CONFIG_USB_OTG is not set # CONFIG_USB_OTG_WHITELIST is not set # CONFIG_USB_OTG_BLACKLIST_HUB is not set # CONFIG_USB_LEDS_TRIGGER_USBPORT is not set CONFIG_USB_AUTOSUSPEND_DELAY=2 CONFIG_USB_MON=y # USB Host Controller Drivers # CONFIG_USB_C67X00_HCD is not set CONFIG_USB_XHCI_HCD=y # CONFIG_USB_XHCI_DBGCAP is not set CONFIG_USB_XHCI_PCI=y # CONFIG_USB_XHCI_PLATFORM
Re: [gentoo-user] genkernel all
the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > On 11/25/2020 08:27 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: >> On 11/25/2020 08:23 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: >>> I compiled "genkernel all" instead of looking for the correct entry to >>> boot my M.2 drive. >>> >>> Not I compiled nvidia-drivers and got a message: >>> >>> * Messages for package x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers-455.28-r1: >>> >>> * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU: should not be set. But it is. >>> * Please check to make sure these options are set correctly. >>> * Failure to do so may cause unexpected problems. >>> * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU: should not be set. But it is. >>> >>> Genkernel all doesn't have any .config file. >>> How to remove them? Where to get .config for genkernel all? >>> >> found it in /etc/genkernel.conf > That was not it. I copied genkernel.conf to /usr/src/linux/.config but > this configuration file is different. > I was looking for CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU in genkernel.conf I couldn't > find it. > > The reason I'm using "genkernel all" as there is some setting missing in > my old .config file that is stop booting my M.2 SSD (are there any > special option in kernel for it?). I'm getting an error: > kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on > unknown-block (0, 0) > > > If you have a bootable media, CD, another distro or whatever that works, you can grab the config from it if it recognizes M.2 SSD. That will give you a starting point at least. Later on, you can remove things or make changes as needed. The command zcat /proc/config.gz should work and you can tell that to put it in a regular file and if mounted, even put it in your kernel source directory. Hope that helps. Dale :-) :-)
Re: [gentoo-user] genkernel all
Thelma, On 11/25/20 9:11 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: On 11/25/2020 08:27 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: On 11/25/2020 08:23 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: I compiled "genkernel all" instead of looking for the correct entry to boot my M.2 drive. Not I compiled nvidia-drivers and got a message: * Messages for package x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers-455.28-r1: * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU: should not be set. But it is. * Please check to make sure these options are set correctly. * Failure to do so may cause unexpected problems. * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU: should not be set. But it is. Genkernel all doesn't have any .config file. How to remove them? Where to get .config for genkernel all? found it in /etc/genkernel.conf That was not it. I copied genkernel.conf to /usr/src/linux/.config but this configuration file is different. I was looking for CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU in genkernel.conf I couldn't find it. genkernel.conf is a configuration file for genkernel not your kernel configuration. Your mixing two separate things. You can edit /etc/genkernel.conf and change SAVE_CONFIG="yes" to save your kernel configuration files which is what I do. I same my kernel configuration files in /etc/kernels/ and use the following script... $ cat /root/bin/genkernel.sh #!/bin/bash -x ## build kernel with genkernel genkernel --kernel-config=/etc/kernels/kernel-config-x86_64-$(uname -r) all ## update grub.cfg file grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg I also have OLDCONFIG="no" and MENUCONFIG="yes" in /etc/genkernel.conf. Once you invest 20 minutes editing your kernel config, you don't want to have to do it again so saving a working kernel config is a good strategy. You will find CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU as a kernel config option (make menuconfig for example). The reason I'm using "genkernel all" as there is some setting missing in my old .config file that is stop booting my M.2 SSD (are there any special option in kernel for it?). I'm getting an error: kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block (0, 0) This means you are missing a kernel configuration option (most likely the one for your disk controller). The fact that its an SSD is not useful.. what the SSD is connected to is . Use lspci to find out what hardware you have in your system.
Re: [gentoo-user] kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block (0, 0)
On 11/25/2020 02:50 AM, Michael wrote: > On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 06:30:05 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > >> On 11/24/2020 10:08 PM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: >>> I'm getting a kernel panic when booting a new system. >>> >>> kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block >>> (0,0) >>> >>> fstab: >>> LABEL=boot /boot vfat > noauto,noatime1 2 >>> root=UUID=d32946b3-2236-4998-80dd-68b7d78e0c7b / > ext4noatime 0 1 >>> LABEL=swap noneswap > sw0 0 >>> >>> I even use: emerge --ask sys-kernel/genkernel >>> genkernel all >>> >>> So all the driver are compile-in (nothing should be missing) >>> >>> ls -al /boot/vmlinu* /boot/initramfs* >>> -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11221820 Nov 24 21:30 >>> /boot/initramfs-5.4.72-gentoo-x86_64.img -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9036672 >>> Nov 24 10:56 /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.72-gentoo -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8513920 >>> Nov 24 21:18 /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.72-gentoo-x86_64 >> This problem is solved, it seems to me I was booting old kernel. >> Removing old kernel and re-running: >> grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg >> >> Solved the problem. > > Glad you got your new disk booting. > > Worth mentioning your fstab syntax is not entirely correct. According to > 'man > fstab' you can specify a device with LABEL=, as long as you have set > up a filesystem label with e.g. mkfs, or tune2fs. So, your "LABEL=boot" is > correct. > > UUID on the other hand is meant to be specified like so: > > UUID= > > In your case it would be: > > UUID=d32946b3-2236-4998-80dd-68b7d78e0c7b > > instead of it being preceded by "root=". The "genkernel all" is working but I need to find out which option is it that allow booting the drive. The genkernel.conf is different from standard kernel .config Removing options from genkernel is not easy.
Re: [gentoo-user] genkernel all
On 11/25/2020 08:27 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > On 11/25/2020 08:23 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: >> I compiled "genkernel all" instead of looking for the correct entry to >> boot my M.2 drive. >> >> Not I compiled nvidia-drivers and got a message: >> >> * Messages for package x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers-455.28-r1: >> >> * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU: should not be set. But it is. >> * Please check to make sure these options are set correctly. >> * Failure to do so may cause unexpected problems. >> * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU: should not be set. But it is. >> >> Genkernel all doesn't have any .config file. >> How to remove them? Where to get .config for genkernel all? >> > found it in /etc/genkernel.conf That was not it. I copied genkernel.conf to /usr/src/linux/.config but this configuration file is different. I was looking for CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU in genkernel.conf I couldn't find it. The reason I'm using "genkernel all" as there is some setting missing in my old .config file that is stop booting my M.2 SSD (are there any special option in kernel for it?). I'm getting an error: kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block (0, 0)
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
Peter Humphrey wrote: > On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 15:20:41 GMT Dale wrote: > >> P. S. I been meaning to ask this for ages now. What happened to our >> other Allan? I think he was from Africa or something and admin'd a >> bunch of puters there. McKinnon or something like that was the past >> name. I haven't seen him post in a long time. I hope he is OK and all. > Yes, me too. South Africa, wasn't it? Perhaps a telecomms utility, though > that's a guess. > > I just assumed he'd finally grown tired of all us cloth-heads... > The last message I can find from him was in February of 2018. I'm gonna try to send a message direct. See if he responds. Dale :-) :-)
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 09:13:07 -0600, Dale wrote: > >> I have /boot on a plain ext2 partition, root is also on a >> plain ext4 partition. Everything else, /home, /usr, /var etc is on >> LVM. >> If I hadn't had a separate /usr, I would have had to move things around >> to grow /usr. I've done that in the past and got very tired of doing it >> the hard way. With LVM, it's just a few commands and is done while in >> use even. I don't even have to logout, reboot or anything. That's a >> very good reason for having /usr separate from /. > I'd say it's more a very good reason to put / on LVM too. I used to use a > separate /usr but found no real benefit so I now leave it as part of /. > > Well, if / is on LVM and /usr needs room, one can just grow / which would increase /usr to, if it is on / and not separate. At the time, I wasn't comfortable putting / or /boot on LVM. I'm not sure it was doable then. I think it required more of the init thingy than I knew how to deal with. It sounds like it may be a lot easier now. Come to think of it, I think I was on the old grub back then. Speaking of, can I get rid of one of these or are both required? If I can remove one, which one? I'm on the new grub and have been for a while. I think I uninstalled the old grub a long time ago. root@fireball / # du -shc /boot/grub* 34M /boot/grub 6.9M /boot/grub2 41M total root@fireball / # If I can get rid of the plain grub, that would free up some space. The grub2 directory isn't as big but still wouldn't hurt. Dale :-) :-)
[gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
On 2020-11-25, Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 15:20:04 - (UTC), Grant Edwards wrote: > >> > "GRUB 2 can read files directly from LVM and RAID devices." >> >> That was certainly the behavior described [...] >> >> But that relys on the assumption that the distros all run compatible >> versions of Grub2. What I was wondering was whether normal >> chainloading would work (which wouldn't rely on that assumption). > > I would expect all versions of GRUB2 to use the same config syntax. > Changing the syntax between versions could mean an update rendering the > computer unbootable, which we would probably have heard about. In some comments about the multiple-distro setups there were rather vague references to occasional syntax problems between different distro's versions of grub. I don't know if it was due a change that was introduced upstream when grub was updated or some sort of RedHat custom-feature-backporting-bastardization. > I'm not sure chainloading would work as that requires a drive > definition from which to load the boot sector. I thought that's what LVM provided was a drive definition. -- Grant
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 15:20:41 GMT Dale wrote: > P. S. I been meaning to ask this for ages now. What happened to our > other Allan? I think he was from Africa or something and admin'd a > bunch of puters there. McKinnon or something like that was the past > name. I haven't seen him post in a long time. I hope he is OK and all. Yes, me too. South Africa, wasn't it? Perhaps a telecomms utility, though that's a guess. I just assumed he'd finally grown tired of all us cloth-heads... -- Regards, Peter.
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 15:13:07 GMT Dale wrote: > Just my thoughts. Trying to help. It's not like I don't ever find > myself on the receiving end of that. :-D Indeed. Thanks Dale. -- Regards, Peter.
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 15:20:04 - (UTC), Grant Edwards wrote: > > "GRUB 2 can read files directly from LVM and RAID devices." > > That was certainly the behavior described by the examples documented > by people who were using grub to boot multiple partitions by having a > master copy of grub with a menu that would then boot selected distros > installed within LVM volumes by having each of the master menu entries > load a new "distro" .cfg file from that LVM volume (each of the LVM > volume's .cfg file was maintained by the distro package manager). > > But that relys on the assumption that the distros all run compatible > versions of Grub2. What I was wondering was whether normal > chainloading would work (which wouldn't rely on that assumption). I would expect all versions of GRUB2 to use the same config syntax. Changing the syntax between versions could mean an update rendering the computer unbootable, which we would probably have heard about. I'm not sure chainloading would work as that requires a drive definition from which to load the boot sector. -- Neil Bothwick WINDOWS: Will Install Needless Data On Whole System pgpFurz56unWZ.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 09:13:07 -0600, Dale wrote: > I have /boot on a plain ext2 partition, root is also on a > plain ext4 partition. Everything else, /home, /usr, /var etc is on > LVM. > If I hadn't had a separate /usr, I would have had to move things around > to grow /usr. I've done that in the past and got very tired of doing it > the hard way. With LVM, it's just a few commands and is done while in > use even. I don't even have to logout, reboot or anything. That's a > very good reason for having /usr separate from /. I'd say it's more a very good reason to put / on LVM too. I used to use a separate /usr but found no real benefit so I now leave it as part of /. -- Neil Bothwick A journey of a thousand miles begins with a cash advance from Mom. pgps3UZKrhZW7.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] genkernel all
On 11/25/2020 08:23 AM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > I compiled "genkernel all" instead of looking for the correct entry to > boot my M.2 drive. > > Not I compiled nvidia-drivers and got a message: > > * Messages for package x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers-455.28-r1: > > * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU:should not be set. But it is. > * Please check to make sure these options are set correctly. > * Failure to do so may cause unexpected problems. > * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU:should not be set. But it is. > > Genkernel all doesn't have any .config file. > How to remove them? Where to get .config for genkernel all? > found it in /etc/genkernel.conf
[gentoo-user] genkernel all
I compiled "genkernel all" instead of looking for the correct entry to boot my M.2 drive. Not I compiled nvidia-drivers and got a message: * Messages for package x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers-455.28-r1: * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU: should not be set. But it is. * Please check to make sure these options are set correctly. * Failure to do so may cause unexpected problems. * CONFIG_I2C_NVIDIA_GPU: should not be set. But it is. Genkernel all doesn't have any .config file. How to remove them? Where to get .config for genkernel all? -- Thelma
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 08:53:02 +, Wols Lists wrote: > >> I *think* the grub volume itself has to be plain, no lvm, mdadm etc. All >> the stuff for that is in the initramfs, so grub loads the initramfs, >> starts the kernel, the kernel starts pid 1 which can now start mdadm, >> lvm etc, and then it can pivot root onto the proper root filesystem. > That was my thinking, that the kernel/initramfs was reading the LVs but > Grant mentioned the lvm module for GRUB so I broke the habit of a > lifetime and read the man page :-O > > "GRUB 2 can read files directly from LVM and RAID devices." > > That makes it sound like /boot could be on LVM to me. That sound right to you? If so, I'd bet /, root, could be on LVM and grub be able to boot without a lot of extra effort. It may even do so without a init thingy, if one doesn't need it. If that is all doable, almost makes me want to move my OS to a new drive and use LVM for everything. That would be really nice. Might be the best thing since sliced bread and frozen pizza. ROFL Dale :-) :-) P. S. I been meaning to ask this for ages now. What happened to our other Allan? I think he was from Africa or something and admin'd a bunch of puters there. McKinnon or something like that was the past name. I haven't seen him post in a long time. I hope he is OK and all.
[gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
On 2020-11-25, Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 08:53:02 +, Wols Lists wrote: > >> >>> I suspect not as GRUB will be reading the menu files and GRUB >> >>> doesn't read from LVM volumes. >> >> >> >> Then what does grub's "lvm" module do, and how does it read the >> >> distro's .cfg files from the LVM volumes in which the various distros >> >> are installed? > > That was my thinking, that the kernel/initramfs was reading the LVs but > Grant mentioned the lvm module for GRUB so I broke the habit of a > lifetime and read the man page :-O > > "GRUB 2 can read files directly from LVM and RAID devices." That was certainly the behavior described by the examples documented by people who were using grub to boot multiple partitions by having a master copy of grub with a menu that would then boot selected distros installed within LVM volumes by having each of the master menu entries load a new "distro" .cfg file from that LVM volume (each of the LVM volume's .cfg file was maintained by the distro package manager). But that relys on the assumption that the distros all run compatible versions of Grub2. What I was wondering was whether normal chainloading would work (which wouldn't rely on that assumption). -- Grant
Re: [gentoo-user] kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block (0, 0)
On 11/25/2020 02:50 AM, Michael wrote: > On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 06:30:05 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: [snip] >>> root=UUID=d32946b3-2236-4998-80dd-68b7d78e0c7b / [snip] >> >> Solved the problem. > > Glad you got your new disk booting. > > Worth mentioning your fstab syntax is not entirely correct. According to > 'man > fstab' you can specify a device with LABEL=, as long as you have set > up a filesystem label with e.g. mkfs, or tune2fs. So, your "LABEL=boot" is > correct. > > UUID on the other hand is meant to be specified like so: > > UUID= > > In your case it would be: > > UUID=d32946b3-2236-4998-80dd-68b7d78e0c7b > > instead of it being preceded by "root=". I've notice it too during booting and corrected it, thanks.
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wed, Nov 25, 2020 at 8:55 AM Wols Lists wrote: > > On 25/11/20 13:31, Rich Freeman wrote: > > Now, one area I would use UUIDs is with mdadm if you're not putting > > lvm on top. I've seen mdadm arrays get renumbered and that is a mess > > if you're directly mounting them without labels or UUIDs. > > It is recommended to use names, so I call it by what it is, so I have > things like /dev/md/gentoo, /dev/md/home etc. Is that supported with the original metadata format? I suspect that was a big constraint since at the time my bootloader didn't support anything newer. This was many years ago. I haven't touched mdadm recently in favor of zfs and lizardfs. -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
Peter Humphrey wrote: > > On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 13:06:49 GMT Dale wrote: > > > Peter Humphrey wrote: > > > > On Tuesday, 24 November 2020 14:18:58 GMT Neil Bothwick wrote: > > > > > On Tue, 24 Nov 2020 09:20:52 +, Peter Humphrey wrote: > > > > > > My workstation has one NVMe drive and two SATAs. They're always > > > > > > > > > > > > detected in the same order, so I've no need to render my fstab > > > > > > > > > > > > illegible with UUIDs. I could use labels, but why bother? The old > > > > > > > > > > > > system ain't broke, so I've no need to fix it. > > > > > > > > > > But you can fix it in your own time, waiting until it breaks is > never > > > > > > > > > > convenient. > > > > > > > > There's nothing to fix, as I said. I'm happy to stick with the > > > > /dev/sdX syntax for as long as it remains valid. Occam's Razor > > > > applies: "don't complicate beyond need." > > > > > > > > > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions specified with UUIDs? > > > > > > > > > > > > Doesn't bear thinking about. > > > > > > > > > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions? Doesn't bear thinking > > > > > > > > about. > > > > > > > > > > > > The NVMe drive, the main one, has 18; I could merge some of those and > > > > delete a couple that aren't used any more. The packages and distfiles > > > > directories don't need separate partitions, for example. I suppose > > > > it's a bit like Topsy, who "just growed." > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Regards, > > > > > > > > Peter. > > > > > > I didn't think I needed to "fix" it either until it hit me and caused > > > confusion. Eventually I figured out it was mounting the wrong thing but > > > it was a head scratcher for a while. I was about to start over when I > > > noticed it was mounting the wrong partitions. I can't recall what > > > changed the order but suddenly sda and sdb switched. Believe me, when I > > > got booted, I started setting it up in a way that can't happen again. > > > > > > I might add, the more partitions you have, the more likely this is to > > > bite you at some point. You already have a complicated system with > > > chainloading bootloaders and such so Occam left the building long ago. > > > Actually I haven't any of those things. Grub, in particular, will > never have a place in my home. I jusr have EFI boot images in the UEFI > BIOS. Simple. I do take the point, though. > > > > Do you really need for a hard drive to be recognized differently and > > > create problems? At the very least, labels would be a much better > > > option. Labels like ubuntu-home, ubuntu-usr, or redhat-root, or > > > redhat-usr. Those explain what they are and makes them unique. If you > > > have more than one version, include part of a version if needed. > > > I'll think about that the very first time I get sda and sdb reversed. > Honest. :) > > > > You may recall my hatred of the init thingys. I still hate them. > > > I do. Me too. I still don't use one. > > > > I use them because I want the best chance of my system booting and > without > > > it, that could fail. It may boot 100 times just fine but then one > day, it > > > breaks and won't boot anymore without a init thingy. At that point, I > > > get to sit here, most likely with no way to get help, and figure out how > > > to fix it. To me, it's much better to just go ahead and set up using > > > the thing and not having to worry about that day hitting me. It seems > > > bad things always happen at the worst moment too. > > > > > > If I can start using a init thingy, using labels should be a easy > > > thing. A walk in the park as the saying goes. ;-) > > > Quite so. As I said, I haven't needed to yet, but I'll think about it > in due course. :) > > > You may remember my asking why you need a separate /usr partition. You > wouldn't need an init thingy if you merged it into the root partition. > I have /var separate for simplicity of backup and recovery, and to > contain log-file runaways, but not /usr. > > > -- > > Regards, > > Peter. > > Since I did this install a few years ago, I've had to grow /usr at least twice. I also had to grow /var when I moved the portage tree and such to /var. I have /boot on a plain ext2 partition, root is also on a plain ext4 partition. Everything else, /home, /usr, /var etc is on LVM. I have a very good reason for having a separate /usr. Generally, the only thing a person would need to expand as software grows is /usr. That is where most things go except for things needed to boot. I've also expanded /home many times. Using LVM for that makes it very easy. If I were to build a new system and do a fresh install today, I'd like to have everything possible on LVM, including the root partition if it's doable. If Grub supports /boot on LVM, I'd do that too. If I hadn't had a separate /usr, I would have had to move things around to grow /usr. I've done that in the past and got very tired of doing it the hard way. With LVM, it's just a few
Re: [gentoo-user] Browser have problems with illegal characters
On 25/11/2020 07:24, Helmut Jarausch wrote: Hi, if I try to save a web page containing an illegal character (like hookrace.net/blog/introduction-to-metaprogramming-in-nim/) several browser show an error (attached image) and cannot recover from it. I have no chance to change the filename. I have to 'xkill' it What can I do about this? (My locale is en_US.iso88591) Many thanks for a hint, Helmut This may be your window manager. OpenPGP_signature Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] Browser have problems with illegal characters
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 13:24:13 +0100, Helmut Jarausch wrote: > if I try to save a web page containing an illegal character (like > hookrace.net/blog/introduction-to-metaprogramming-in-nim/) > several browser show an error (attached image) and cannot recover from > it. I have no chance to change the filename. > I have to 'xkill' it I suspect this is a problem with the file dialog rather than the browser. FWIW it worked fine with Chromium on KDE here. -- Neil Bothwick Linux like wigwam. No windows, no gates, Apache inside. pgpUlC3XQdwAS.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
On Wed, 25 Nov 2020 08:53:02 +, Wols Lists wrote: > >>> I suspect not as GRUB will be reading the menu files and GRUB > >>> doesn't read from LVM volumes. > >> > >> Then what does grub's "lvm" module do, and how does it read the > >> distro's .cfg files from the LVM volumes in which the various distros > >> are installed? > > > > Maybe what you want. I haven't used LVM or GRUB much n the past > > several years, so maybe it is OK now, although a quick web search > > before I posted implied it wasn't. RTFM time? > > > > > I *think* the grub volume itself has to be plain, no lvm, mdadm etc. All > the stuff for that is in the initramfs, so grub loads the initramfs, > starts the kernel, the kernel starts pid 1 which can now start mdadm, > lvm etc, and then it can pivot root onto the proper root filesystem. That was my thinking, that the kernel/initramfs was reading the LVs but Grant mentioned the lvm module for GRUB so I broke the habit of a lifetime and read the man page :-O "GRUB 2 can read files directly from LVM and RAID devices." -- Neil Bothwick Top Oxymorons Number 6: Pretty ugly pgpXuHEL08CK5.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 13:31:27 GMT Rich Freeman wrote: > On Wed, Nov 25, 2020 at 5:54 AM Peter Humphrey wrote: > > > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions specified with UUIDs? > > > > > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions? > > > > The NVMe drive, the main one, has 18; > > So, if all the partitions are on one drive and that is the only drive > you have, there aren't many issues with using raw kernel device names > to identify them. It isn't like a partition is just going to > disappear. > > Once you have multiple disks, then UUIDs or labels become more > important, especially with a large number. If you had a dozen disks > with dozens of partitions and tried to use kernel device names, then > anytime a device failed or was enumerated differently you'd have stuff > mounted all over the place. Oh yes, of course, I can see that. I'm only saying that a simple system only needs simple setup. > That said, something like lvm is a good solution in almost all cases > (or something semi-equivalent like zfs/btrfs/etc which have similar > functionality built-in). If I had that many partitions I'd hate to > deal with wanting to resize one, and with lvm that is pretty trivial. > You don't need to use UUIDs with lvm - they're basically equivalent to > labels. My old system had two 1TB SSDs, and I used lvm on them. It was a lot of extra complication, so I didn't take that approach on this box. (I still have to have mdadm and friends installed though; the grains aren't fine enough to split them out. USE in make.conf includes "-dmraid -device-mapper -lvm" but it's ineffective.) > Now, one area I would use UUIDs is with mdadm if you're not putting > lvm on top. I've seen mdadm arrays get renumbered and that is a mess > if you're directly mounting them without labels or UUIDs. -- Regards, Peter.
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 13:06:49 GMT Dale wrote: > Peter Humphrey wrote: > > On Tuesday, 24 November 2020 14:18:58 GMT Neil Bothwick wrote: > > > On Tue, 24 Nov 2020 09:20:52 +, Peter Humphrey wrote: > > > > My workstation has one NVMe drive and two SATAs. They're always > > > > > > > > detected in the same order, so I've no need to render my fstab > > > > > > > > illegible with UUIDs. I could use labels, but why bother? The old > > > > > > > > system ain't broke, so I've no need to fix it. > > > > > > But you can fix it in your own time, waiting until it breaks is never > > > > > > convenient. > > > > There's nothing to fix, as I said. I'm happy to stick with the > > /dev/sdX syntax for as long as it remains valid. Occam's Razor > > applies: "don't complicate beyond need." > > > > > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions specified with UUIDs? > > > > > > > > Doesn't bear thinking about. > > > > > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions? Doesn't bear thinking > > > > about. > > > > > > The NVMe drive, the main one, has 18; I could merge some of those and > > delete a couple that aren't used any more. The packages and distfiles > > directories don't need separate partitions, for example. I suppose > > it's a bit like Topsy, who "just growed." > > > > > > > > Regards, > > > > Peter. > > I didn't think I needed to "fix" it either until it hit me and caused > confusion. Eventually I figured out it was mounting the wrong thing but > it was a head scratcher for a while. I was about to start over when I > noticed it was mounting the wrong partitions. I can't recall what > changed the order but suddenly sda and sdb switched. Believe me, when I > got booted, I started setting it up in a way that can't happen again. > > I might add, the more partitions you have, the more likely this is to > bite you at some point. You already have a complicated system with > chainloading bootloaders and such so Occam left the building long ago. Actually I haven't any of those things. Grub, in particular, will never have a place in my home. I jusr have EFI boot images in the UEFI BIOS. Simple. I do take the point, though. > Do you really need for a hard drive to be recognized differently and > create problems? At the very least, labels would be a much better > option. Labels like ubuntu-home, ubuntu-usr, or redhat-root, or > redhat-usr. Those explain what they are and makes them unique. If you > have more than one version, include part of a version if needed. I'll think about that the very first time I get sda and sdb reversed. Honest. :) > You may recall my hatred of the init thingys. I still hate them. I do. Me too. I still don't use one. > I use them because I want the best chance of my system booting and without > it, that could fail. It may boot 100 times just fine but then one day, it > breaks and won't boot anymore without a init thingy. At that point, I > get to sit here, most likely with no way to get help, and figure out how > to fix it. To me, it's much better to just go ahead and set up using > the thing and not having to worry about that day hitting me. It seems > bad things always happen at the worst moment too. > > If I can start using a init thingy, using labels should be a easy > thing. A walk in the park as the saying goes. ;-) Quite so. As I said, I haven't needed to yet, but I'll think about it in due course. :) You may remember my asking why you need a separate /usr partition. You wouldn't need an init thingy if you merged it into the root partition. I have /var separate for simplicity of backup and recovery, and to contain log-file runaways, but not /usr. -- Regards, Peter.
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On 25/11/20 13:31, Rich Freeman wrote: > Now, one area I would use UUIDs is with mdadm if you're not putting > lvm on top. I've seen mdadm arrays get renumbered and that is a mess > if you're directly mounting them without labels or UUIDs. Or if you do it properly you don't need UUIDs :-) mdadm always USED to number its arrays starting with 0. Now it counts down from 127. Worse, if you use numbers, mdadm just changes them as it sees fit. I created my array as md0, next thing I know it's md127. It is recommended to use names, so I call it by what it is, so I have things like /dev/md/gentoo, /dev/md/home etc. I'm moving to lvm, and will use the same tactic. Cheers, Wol
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Wed, Nov 25, 2020 at 5:54 AM Peter Humphrey wrote: > > > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions specified with UUIDs? > > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions? > > The NVMe drive, the main one, has 18; So, if all the partitions are on one drive and that is the only drive you have, there aren't many issues with using raw kernel device names to identify them. It isn't like a partition is just going to disappear. Once you have multiple disks, then UUIDs or labels become more important, especially with a large number. If you had a dozen disks with dozens of partitions and tried to use kernel device names, then anytime a device failed or was enumerated differently you'd have stuff mounted all over the place. That said, something like lvm is a good solution in almost all cases (or something semi-equivalent like zfs/btrfs/etc which have similar functionality built-in). If I had that many partitions I'd hate to deal with wanting to resize one, and with lvm that is pretty trivial. You don't need to use UUIDs with lvm - they're basically equivalent to labels. Now, one area I would use UUIDs is with mdadm if you're not putting lvm on top. I've seen mdadm arrays get renumbered and that is a mess if you're directly mounting them without labels or UUIDs. -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
Peter Humphrey wrote: > > On Tuesday, 24 November 2020 14:18:58 GMT Neil Bothwick wrote: > > > On Tue, 24 Nov 2020 09:20:52 +, Peter Humphrey wrote: > > > > My workstation has one NVMe drive and two SATAs. They're always > > > > detected in the same order, so I've no need to render my fstab > > > > illegible with UUIDs. I could use labels, but why bother? The old > > > > system ain't broke, so I've no need to fix it. > > > > > > But you can fix it in your own time, waiting until it breaks is never > > > convenient. > > > There's nothing to fix, as I said. I'm happy to stick with the > /dev/sdX syntax for as long as it remains valid. Occam's Razor > applies: "don't complicate beyond need." > > > > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions specified with UUIDs? > > > > Doesn't bear thinking about. > > > > > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions? Doesn't bear thinking > about. > > > The NVMe drive, the main one, has 18; I could merge some of those and > delete a couple that aren't used any more. The packages and distfiles > directories don't need separate partitions, for example. I suppose > it's a bit like Topsy, who "just growed." > > > -- > > Regards, > > Peter. > > I didn't think I needed to "fix" it either until it hit me and caused confusion. Eventually I figured out it was mounting the wrong thing but it was a head scratcher for a while. I was about to start over when I noticed it was mounting the wrong partitions. I can't recall what changed the order but suddenly sda and sdb switched. Believe me, when I got booted, I started setting it up in a way that can't happen again. I might add, the more partitions you have, the more likely this is to bite you at some point. You already have a complicated system with chainloading bootloaders and such so Occam left the building long ago. Do you really need for a hard drive to be recognized differently and create problems? At the very least, labels would be a much better option. Labels like ubuntu-home, ubuntu-usr, or redhat-root, or redhat-usr. Those explain what they are and makes them unique. If you have more than one version, include part of a version if needed. You may recall my hatred of the init thingys. I still hate them. I use them because I want the best chance of my system booting and without it, that could fail. It may boot 100 times just fine but then one day, it breaks and won't boot anymore without a init thingy. At that point, I get to sit here, most likely with no way to get help, and figure out how to fix it. To me, it's much better to just go ahead and set up using the thing and not having to worry about that day hitting me. It seems bad things always happen at the worst moment too. If I can start using a init thingy, using labels should be a easy thing. A walk in the park as the saying goes. ;-) Just my thoughts and opinions. Dale :-) :-)
Re: [gentoo-user] boot partition size
On Tuesday, 24 November 2020 23:46:28 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > On 11/24/2020 04:21 PM, Michael wrote: > > On Tuesday, 24 November 2020 21:51:53 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > >> I run gentoo installation from: > >> https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Disks > >> > >> parted -a optimal /dev/nvme0n1 > >> > >> Device StartEndSectors Size Type > >> /dev/nvme0n1p12048 6143 40962M BIOS boot > >> /dev/nvme0n1p26144 268287 262144 128M EFI System > >> /dev/nvme0n1p3 26828813168631048576 512M Linux filesystem > >> /dev/nvme0n1p4 1316864 3907027119 3905710256 1.8T Linux filesystem > > > > I am not clear if this is a UEFI MoBo or not. If yes, you can use the > > UEFI > > boot manager, instead of Legacy BIOS and you do not need a 'BIOS boot > > partition'. If instead you will be booting this disk both in Legacy BIOS > > and UEFI modes, then leave the 'BIOS boot partition' as you have it. > > When you install GRUB in the MBR it will drop in there its Stage 2 binary > > code.> > >> When I compiled kernel and run: make install > >> it complained not enough space on disk > >> > >> sh ./arch/x86/boot/install.sh 5.4.72-gentoo arch/x86/boot/bzImage \ > >> > >>System.map "/boot" > >> > >> cat: write error: No space left on device > >> make[1]: *** [arch/x86/boot/Makefile:155: install] > >> > >> /dev/nvme0n1p4 1.8T 3.5G 1.7T 1% / > >> cgroup_root 10M 0 10M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup > >> udev 10M 0 10M 0% /dev > >> tmpfs16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm > >> /dev/sda2 6.4M 6.4M 2.0K 100% /boot > >> > >> (sda2 - I think is a bootable USB) > > > > Your /boot mountpoint should be used for /dev/nvme0n1p2, if this is a UEFI > > installation. If as you report above /boot is on /dev/sda2 you have not > > followed the handbook correctly. In particular you have not mounted /dev/ > > nvme0n1p2 as /mnt/gentoo/boot before you chrooted into /mnt/gentoo. > > That was the case, I just mounted the "/dev/nvme0n1p2" partition on /boot > and it worked. > > But now I'm getting an error with installing grub. > > grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot > Installing for x86_64-efi platform. > grub-install: error: /boot doesn't look like an EFI partition. > > fdisk is showing the /dev/nvme0n1p2 is EFI > /dev/nvme0n1p26144 268287 262144 128M EFI System Have you created a VFAT filesystem on the /dev/nvme0n1p2 partition? unmount /dev/nvme0n1p2 mkfs.vfat -n boot /dev/nvme0n1p2 mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 the above will create the vfat fs needed for an ESP. signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
[gentoo-user] Browser have problems with illegal characters
Hi, if I try to save a web page containing an illegal character (like hookrace.net/blog/introduction-to-metaprogramming-in-nim/) several browser show an error (attached image) and cannot recover from it. I have no chance to change the filename. I have to 'xkill' it What can I do about this? (My locale is en_US.iso88591) Many thanks for a hint, Helmut
Re: [gentoo-user] duplicate gentoo system - errors
On Tuesday, 24 November 2020 14:18:58 GMT Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Tue, 24 Nov 2020 09:20:52 +, Peter Humphrey wrote: > > My workstation has one NVMe drive and two SATAs. They're always > > detected in the same order, so I've no need to render my fstab > > illegible with UUIDs. I could use labels, but why bother? The old > > system ain't broke, so I've no need to fix it. > > But you can fix it in your own time, waiting until it breaks is never > convenient. There's nothing to fix, as I said. I'm happy to stick with the /dev/sdX syntax for as long as it remains valid. Occam's Razor applies: "don't complicate beyond need." > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions specified with UUIDs? > > Doesn't bear thinking about. > > Can you imagine an fstab with 22 partitions? Doesn't bear thinking about. The NVMe drive, the main one, has 18; I could merge some of those and delete a couple that aren't used any more. The packages and distfiles directories don't need separate partitions, for example. I suppose it's a bit like Topsy, who "just growed." -- Regards, Peter.
Re: [gentoo-user] kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block (0, 0)
On Wednesday, 25 November 2020 06:30:05 GMT the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > On 11/24/2020 10:08 PM, the...@sys-concept.com wrote: > > I'm getting a kernel panic when booting a new system. > > > > kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block > > (0,0) > > > > fstab: > > LABEL=boot /boot vfat noauto,noatime 1 2 > > root=UUID=d32946b3-2236-4998-80dd-68b7d78e0c7b / ext4noatime 0 1 > > LABEL=swap noneswap sw 0 0 > > > > I even use: emerge --ask sys-kernel/genkernel > > genkernel all > > > > So all the driver are compile-in (nothing should be missing) > > > > ls -al /boot/vmlinu* /boot/initramfs* > > -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11221820 Nov 24 21:30 > > /boot/initramfs-5.4.72-gentoo-x86_64.img -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9036672 > > Nov 24 10:56 /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.72-gentoo -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8513920 > > Nov 24 21:18 /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.72-gentoo-x86_64 > This problem is solved, it seems to me I was booting old kernel. > Removing old kernel and re-running: > grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg > > Solved the problem. Glad you got your new disk booting. Worth mentioning your fstab syntax is not entirely correct. According to 'man fstab' you can specify a device with LABEL=, as long as you have set up a filesystem label with e.g. mkfs, or tune2fs. So, your "LABEL=boot" is correct. UUID on the other hand is meant to be specified like so: UUID= In your case it would be: UUID=d32946b3-2236-4998-80dd-68b7d78e0c7b instead of it being preceded by "root=". signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Grub and multiple distros on LVM [was duplicate gentoo system ...]
On 24/11/20 23:39, Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Tue, 24 Nov 2020 23:25:38 - (UTC), Grant Edwards wrote: > In grub, does chainloading an LVM virtual partition work the same as chainloading a "real" partition? >>> >>> I suspect not as GRUB will be reading the menu files and GRUB doesn't >>> read from LVM volumes. >> >> Then what does grub's "lvm" module do, and how does it read the >> distro's .cfg files from the LVM volumes in which the various distros >> are installed? > > Maybe what you want. I haven't used LVM or GRUB much n the past several > years, so maybe it is OK now, although a quick web search before I posted > implied it wasn't. RTFM time? > > I *think* the grub volume itself has to be plain, no lvm, mdadm etc. All the stuff for that is in the initramfs, so grub loads the initramfs, starts the kernel, the kernel starts pid 1 which can now start mdadm, lvm etc, and then it can pivot root onto the proper root filesystem. Cheers, Wol
