[Biofuel] Pressure Mounts Against Aging Enbridge Oil and Gas Pipeline Through Great Lakes
http://www.desmogblog.com/2016/09/20/calls-grow-decommission-aging-enbridge-oil-and-gas-pipeline-through-great-lakes [links, images, video in on-line article] Pressure Mounts Against Aging Enbridge Oil and Gas Pipeline Through Great Lakes By Larry Buhl • Wednesday, September 21, 2016 - 11:06 Public pressure is mounting to decommission two 63-year-old underwater pipelines that rest in an environmentally sensitive waterway between Lake Michigan and Lake Huron. About 540,000 barrels of oil and liquid natural gas flow daily through the 20-inch pipelines, called Line 5, which lie in an exposed trench on the public bottomlands of the Mackinac Straits west of the Mackinac Bridge. Built in 1953, Line 5 is now owned by the Alberta, Canada-based petroleum company Enbridge, Inc. Many fear the aging pipeline is an accident waiting to happen, with recent modeling showing a single oil spill could impact more than 150 miles of coastline. Enbridge has been boasting about the findings of a state pipeline safety task force report released a little over a year ago that found no signs of internal or external corrosion on Line 5. Critical Gaps What the company doesn’t say is that even the authors of the report aren’t convinced of its validity, due to “gaps” in information provided by Enbridge on its own pipelines. “Substantial questions remain and can only be resolved by full disclosure of additional information, and rigorous, independent review by qualified experts,” the 2015 report reads. In a press conference following the release of the report, Michigan’s Republican Attorney General Bill Schuette and Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) director Dan Wyant said Enbridge had not been forthcoming about the methods of pipeline integrity inspections performed by its contractors. Enbridge says it continually monitors metal loss, cracks, and pipeline movements, and in some cases sends divers to visually inspect the pipelines. The company maintains the pipelines could operate safely for another half-century, though it acknowledges that a heavy crust of invasive mussels cover parts of the pipelines. Environmental groups claim these invasive species are likely corroding the pipeline coating. Line 5's Days Numbered Enbridge has been trying to assure the public through a series of barbeques and community gatherings that Line 5 is completely safe. Schuette said in 2015 that Line 5’s days “are numbered,” and that the pipeline would never be built today under modern environmental standards. Gov. Rick Snyder promised to address recommendations included in the report quickly. But critics say the state has been anything but quick to respond to the concerns about Line 5. A pair of independent studies that could lead to recommendations on Line 5’s future are planned but won’t be completed until mid-to-late 2017. “The state has been studying (Line 5) since 2014, using data from the company,” Sierra Club’s Michigan Chapter Chair, David Holtz, tells DeSmog. Holtz says an independent third party assessment of Line 5 would probably refute the company’s claims that everything is fine. “There is no real deadline for the state to do anything and no political will to confront the oil industry,” Holtz says. Environmental lawyers say the governor and the attorney general have the authority to decommission the pipeline at any time as part of the 1953 easement agreement that granted the original owner of Line 5, Lakehead Pipe Line Partners, the right to occupy the bottomlands. Liz Kirkwood, an environmental attorney and director of the Traverse City-based nonprofit Flow for Water, tells DeSmog that Michigan faces all of the risks from Line 5 and gets almost none of the benefit. She said, “The state of Michigan agreed to never allow private interests to pollute public trust waters. Michigan has a heavy burden here because 20 percent of the world’s fresh water is in lakes bordering the state.” Dire Straits Concerns were galvanized earlier this year when University of Michigan computer modeling was released showing that 152 miles of shoreline on Lakes Huron and Michigan were at risk from a single Line 5 oil spill. Environmentalists and citizens in the region bring up the company’s 2010 pipeline break — the largest inland oil spill in U.S. history — as an example of what could happen. In July, Enbridge agreed to pay $177 million, including $61 million in penalties, as part of a consent decree with the U.S. government tied to the company’s 2010 pipeline rupture near Marshall, Michigan. The spill affected nearly 40 miles of the Kalamazoo River. Enbridge did not admit negligence in the rupture. In a poll released by the National Wildlife Foundation in May, nearly two-thirds of Michiganders said companies should not be allowed to operate pipelines running under the Great Lakes. A majority of Michigan’s 12 federally recognized Native American tribes have
Re: [Biofuel] pressure stoves ???
Hi I use a mix of 50% biodiesel and 50% kerosene in an Optimus pressure burner which works well. Am thinking of changing the proportions to less kerosene, but neat BD just made a mess and didn't burn the way it was supposed to (i.e. just a big yellow flame instead of the blue 'roaring' flame) I know it's not ideal as you will have to purchse the kerosene, but it's a step in the right direction. Have yet to try it in my Tilley lamp. Regards Daniel - Original Message - From: Tonomár András To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Saturday, April 15, 2006 1:22 AM Subject: [Biofuel] pressure stoves ??? Hello Keith, I am having trouble to find pressure stove suitable for BD. I have browsed through the links from JTF with little sucess. The PETROMAX is quite expensive and is out of stock anyway. others I find come with wick which you say is not working with BD On JTF website you write that your pressure stove is from India. I like that type ( acording to the picters) and would like to buy some (3-5) pieces depending on the price / availability. I would appreciate any info you can give me on the source of yours. (email address, or phone, or fax) I live in Hungary and most of the US websites does not deliver here. I plan to upgrade my 60L reactor to a 250L and I would like to switch from electric heating to an indirect heating system through a heat exchanger that I designed this involves suncollectors, puffer tanks, and presure stoves. I plan to post the design ( if successfull ) so that all can produce BD with minimal or zero energy cost. any help from list members will be appreciated. Kind regards, András Tonomár energetic engeneer ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] pressure stoves ???
Hello Keith, I am having trouble to find pressure stove suitable for BD. I have browsed through the links from JTF with little sucess. The PETROMAX is quite expensive and is out of stock anyway. others I find come with wick which you say is not working with BD On JTF website you write thatyour pressure stove is from India. I like that type ( acording to the picters) and would like to buy some (3-5) pieces depending on the price / availability. I would appreciate any info you can give me on the source of yours. (email address, or phone, or fax) I live in Hungary and most of the US websites does not deliver here. I plan to upgrade my 60L reactor to a 250L and I would like to switch from electric heating to an indirect heating system through a heat exchanger that I designed this involves suncollectors, puffer tanks, and presure stoves. I plan to post the design ( if successfull ) so that all can produce BD with minimal or zero energy cost. any help from list members will be appreciated. Kind regards, András Tonomár energetic engeneer ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] pressure stoves ???
Hello Andrés Hello Keith, I am having trouble to find pressure stove suitable for BD. I have browsed through the links from JTF with little sucess. The PETROMAX is quite expensive and is out of stock anyway. others I find come with wick which you say is not working with BD Not as-is anyway. On JTF website you write that your pressure stove is from India. I like that type ( acording to the picters) and would like to buy some (3-5) pieces depending on the price / availability. They cost about US$10 equivalent in India. You can get them locally-made in a lot of countries, but not the industrialised countries. I would appreciate any info you can give me on the source of yours. (email address, or phone, or fax) No information, sorry. These are the only addresses I have: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make2.html#lamps Maybe someone in India or the Philippines or Singapore might like to help you. I live in Hungary and most of the US websites does not deliver here. I wonder if there aren't still local factories in Eastern Europe making pressure stoves. I would have guessed there would be, but maybe not. Good luck. Best Keith I plan to upgrade my 60L reactor to a 250L and I would like to switch from electric heating to an indirect heating system through a heat exchanger that I designed this involves suncollectors, puffer tanks, and presure stoves. I plan to post the design ( if successfull ) so that all can produce BD with minimal or zero energy cost. any help from list members will be appreciated. Kind regards, Andr·s Tonom·r energetic engeneer ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] pressure stoves ???
I have a PetroMax and have had no luck w/ BD. I am not sure if it is the stove or not - I cleaned it and tried petro diesel with no luck, then ISO and got an ok flame. I will try again now that things are warm. FWIW, I never was able to get a flame at all w/ diesel BD or otherwise w/o heating with a torch. -Mike Keith Addison wrote: Hello Andrés Hello Keith, I am having trouble to find pressure stove suitable for BD. I have browsed through the links from JTF with little sucess. The PETROMAX is quite expensive and is out of stock anyway. others I find come with wick which you say is not working with BD Not as-is anyway. On JTF website you write that your pressure stove is from India. I like that type ( acording to the picters) and would like to buy some (3-5) pieces depending on the price / availability. They cost about US$10 equivalent in India. You can get them locally-made in a lot of countries, but not the industrialised countries. I would appreciate any info you can give me on the source of yours. (email address, or phone, or fax) No information, sorry. These are the only addresses I have: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make2.html#lamps Maybe someone in India or the Philippines or Singapore might like to help you. I live in Hungary and most of the US websites does not deliver here. I wonder if there aren't still local factories in Eastern Europe making pressure stoves. I would have guessed there would be, but maybe not. Good luck. Best Keith I plan to upgrade my 60L reactor to a 250L and I would like to switch from electric heating to an indirect heating system through a heat exchanger that I designed this involves suncollectors, puffer tanks, and presure stoves. I plan to post the design ( if successfull ) so that all can produce BD with minimal or zero energy cost. any help from list members will be appreciated. Kind regards, Andr·s Tonom·r energetic engeneer ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] pressure stoves ???
Should be noted that Petromax is now a generic name for that type of lantern, with quite wide variations available, all called Petromax. BriteLyt makes the original. Their stove is a newer patented design, not generic. I have a PetroMax and have had no luck w/ BD. I am not sure if it is the stove or not - I cleaned it and tried petro diesel with no luck, then ISO and got an ok flame. I will try again now that things are warm. FWIW, I never was able to get a flame at all w/ diesel BD or otherwise w/o heating with a torch. -Mike I think you got a dud though. Let's see what BriteLyt says. They should give you a replacement and an apology, IMO. Best Keith Keith Addison wrote: Hello Andrés Hello Keith, I am having trouble to find pressure stove suitable for BD. I have browsed through the links from JTF with little sucess. The PETROMAX is quite expensive and is out of stock anyway. others I find come with wick which you say is not working with BD Not as-is anyway. On JTF website you write that your pressure stove is from India. I like that type ( acording to the picters) and would like to buy some (3-5) pieces depending on the price / availability. They cost about US$10 equivalent in India. You can get them locally-made in a lot of countries, but not the industrialised countries. I would appreciate any info you can give me on the source of yours. (email address, or phone, or fax) No information, sorry. These are the only addresses I have: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make2.html#lamps Maybe someone in India or the Philippines or Singapore might like to help you. I live in Hungary and most of the US websites does not deliver here. I wonder if there aren't still local factories in Eastern Europe making pressure stoves. I would have guessed there would be, but maybe not. Good luck. Best Keith I plan to upgrade my 60L reactor to a 250L and I would like to switch from electric heating to an indirect heating system through a heat exchanger that I designed this involves suncollectors, puffer tanks, and presure stoves. I plan to post the design ( if successfull ) so that all can produce BD with minimal or zero energy cost. any help from list members will be appreciated. Kind regards, Andr·s Tonom·r energetic engeneer ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] pressure ready tanks
does anyone know what i could use CO2 tanks for? i may have the opportunity to lift a couple from a scrap pile in the near future. ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release
Hi Todd I thought this might be the case , seeing reactors made with silicon seals and clamped lids is going to be a recipe for pressure build up once heat is applied. Last thing you want is a jet of methanol escaping from around the mixer shaft. I am still having trouble getting methanol cheap enough but another writer has given me some fresh ideas. Cheers Ian - Original Message - From: Appal Energy [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Saturday, July 30, 2005 1:21 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release You're welcome Ian, But I guess I should have qualified that couple of pounds pressure statement. It's solely dependant upon reaction temperature not exceeding approximately 120*F. Those who use hot water heaters as reactors may be running at higher temperatures. If they exceed 145-150*F then they're operating more of a reflux (boil) reactor rather than all the mixing being done by a pump. That would all depend on how the thermostat is set. The factory thermostats are generally one time shut-offs that become unusable should the temp ever reach a specific high point. Older units shut down at 180*. Newer older units at ~160*. Spanking new units may be even lower. In any event, a closed reflux reactor would have far higher pressures. You could place an air cooled condensor on top of the reactor. That could be something as simple as a 10' long x 1/2 diameter copper tube with an open top. We've done this with a piece of scrap from a commercial cooling tower. It had hundreds of aluminum fins attached to it for heat dissipation. In such a setup, the methanol will boil and thoroughly mix the contents, but as the vapors travel up the tube they cool and fall back into the reactor. Measuring the temp at different heights of the condensor will permit you to calibrate the reflux temp so no vapors escape. Todd Swearingen Ian Theresa Sims wrote: Hi Todd Thanks for that I appreciate your advise. Ian - Original Message - From: Appal Energy [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Thursday, July 28, 2005 11:51 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release How are the tanks vented? Any tank holding any percentage of methanol should have a vapor line running to a central manifold prior to passing through a condensor. The greatest pressure build-up occurs during the first moments of reaction. Rather than a pressure relief valve that could easily fail, an adjustable pressure flap can be constructed that opens at low pressure. If the vent lines are 2-4, there's not much chance of the pressure building beyond a couple of pounds. As for a sealed system? There are two options. Either size and construct all parts of the system that will be in the methanol loop (tanks, transfer lines, pumps vents, etc.) to withstand negative pressure, or simple make sure that any new feedstock and reactants that enter do so at a speed consistant with the condensor's capacity, allowing all exiting vapor to be stripped of methanol. Sizing a condensor would be a less taxing exercise than constructin an entire system for negative pressure.Over size the condensor and the reactants can be fed faster. Under size it and they simply have to enter at a slower rate. Todd Swearingen Ian Theresa Sims wrote: I am new to the biofuel world and have read most of the webb site info but can't seem to find any reference to pressure release. They all talk of having a sealed system to prevent personal harm and methanol loss but pressure must build with A, heating and B, pumping air in to mix the solution. Question. How are the tanks vented? Many thanks Ian ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- No virus found in this incoming message. Checked by AVG Anti-Virus. Version: 7.0.338 / Virus Database: 267.9.7/60 - Release Date: 28/07/2005 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives
Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release
Hello Ian Hi Todd I thought this might be the case , seeing reactors made with silicon seals and clamped lids is going to be a recipe for pressure build up once heat is applied. Last thing you want is a jet of methanol escaping from around the mixer shaft. I don't think so. Like many others, one of the two reactors I referred you to has exactly that, a silicon seal and a clamped lid, and it's a recipe for excellent biodiesel and no safety hazards, once heat is applied or not. It's here: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor10.html Journey to Forever 90-litre processor Read what it says again under Using the processor and Methoxide transfer. The other reactor can process at up to 70 deg C (158 deg F) without jets of methanol escaping from anywhere. http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor8.html The Deepthort 100B Best wishes Keith I am still having trouble getting methanol cheap enough but another writer has given me some fresh ideas. Cheers Ian - Original Message - From: Appal Energy [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Saturday, July 30, 2005 1:21 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release You're welcome Ian, But I guess I should have qualified that couple of pounds pressure statement. It's solely dependant upon reaction temperature not exceeding approximately 120*F. snip ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release
Hi Keith youve been a great help Many thanks Ian - Original Message - From: Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Thursday, July 28, 2005 6:13 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release Hello Ian, welcome I am new to the biofuel world and have read most of the webb site info but can't seem to find any reference to pressure release. They all talk of having a sealed system Closed is better. Even the sealed systems (hot water tanks mostly) have pressure outlets and can withstand some pressure. to prevent personal harm and methanol loss but pressure must build with A, heating and B, pumping air in to mix the solution. Pumping air in? I don't think so. Question. How are the tanks vented? Have a good read about these two processors, it'll help: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor8.html Biodiesel processors: The Deepthort 100B http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor10.html Journey to Forever 90-litre processor Best wishes Keith Many thanks Ian ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- No virus found in this incoming message. Checked by AVG Anti-Virus. Version: 7.0.338 / Virus Database: 267.9.6/59 - Release Date: 27/07/2005 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release
Hi Todd Thanks for that I appreciate your advise. Ian - Original Message - From: Appal Energy [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Thursday, July 28, 2005 11:51 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release How are the tanks vented? Any tank holding any percentage of methanol should have a vapor line running to a central manifold prior to passing through a condensor. The greatest pressure build-up occurs during the first moments of reaction. Rather than a pressure relief valve that could easily fail, an adjustable pressure flap can be constructed that opens at low pressure. If the vent lines are 2-4, there's not much chance of the pressure building beyond a couple of pounds. As for a sealed system? There are two options. Either size and construct all parts of the system that will be in the methanol loop (tanks, transfer lines, pumps vents, etc.) to withstand negative pressure, or simple make sure that any new feedstock and reactants that enter do so at a speed consistant with the condensor's capacity, allowing all exiting vapor to be stripped of methanol. Sizing a condensor would be a less taxing exercise than constructin an entire system for negative pressure.Over size the condensor and the reactants can be fed faster. Under size it and they simply have to enter at a slower rate. Todd Swearingen Ian Theresa Sims wrote: I am new to the biofuel world and have read most of the webb site info but can't seem to find any reference to pressure release. They all talk of having a sealed system to prevent personal harm and methanol loss but pressure must build with A, heating and B, pumping air in to mix the solution. Question. How are the tanks vented? Many thanks Ian ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- No virus found in this incoming message. Checked by AVG Anti-Virus. Version: 7.0.338 / Virus Database: 267.9.7/60 - Release Date: 28/07/2005 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release
Hi Keith youve been a great help Many thanks Ian Hi Ian You're most welcome, I'm glad it helped. Best wishes Keith - Original Message - From: Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Thursday, July 28, 2005 6:13 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release Hello Ian, welcome I am new to the biofuel world and have read most of the webb site info but can't seem to find any reference to pressure release. They all talk of having a sealed system Closed is better. Even the sealed systems (hot water tanks mostly) have pressure outlets and can withstand some pressure. to prevent personal harm and methanol loss but pressure must build with A, heating and B, pumping air in to mix the solution. Pumping air in? I don't think so. Question. How are the tanks vented? Have a good read about these two processors, it'll help: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor8.html Biodiesel processors: The Deepthort 100B http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor10.html Journey to Forever 90-litre processor Best wishes Keith Many thanks Ian ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release
You're welcome Ian, But I guess I should have qualified that couple of pounds pressure statement. It's solely dependant upon reaction temperature not exceeding approximately 120*F. Those who use hot water heaters as reactors may be running at higher temperatures. If they exceed 145-150*F then they're operating more of a reflux (boil) reactor rather than all the mixing being done by a pump. That would all depend on how the thermostat is set. The factory thermostats are generally one time shut-offs that become unusable should the temp ever reach a specific high point. Older units shut down at 180*. Newer older units at ~160*. Spanking new units may be even lower. In any event, a closed reflux reactor would have far higher pressures. You could place an air cooled condensor on top of the reactor. That could be something as simple as a 10' long x 1/2 diameter copper tube with an open top. We've done this with a piece of scrap from a commercial cooling tower. It had hundreds of aluminum fins attached to it for heat dissipation. In such a setup, the methanol will boil and thoroughly mix the contents, but as the vapors travel up the tube they cool and fall back into the reactor. Measuring the temp at different heights of the condensor will permit you to calibrate the reflux temp so no vapors escape. Todd Swearingen Ian Theresa Sims wrote: Hi Todd Thanks for that I appreciate your advise. Ian - Original Message - From: Appal Energy [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Thursday, July 28, 2005 11:51 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release How are the tanks vented? Any tank holding any percentage of methanol should have a vapor line running to a central manifold prior to passing through a condensor. The greatest pressure build-up occurs during the first moments of reaction. Rather than a pressure relief valve that could easily fail, an adjustable pressure flap can be constructed that opens at low pressure. If the vent lines are 2-4, there's not much chance of the pressure building beyond a couple of pounds. As for a sealed system? There are two options. Either size and construct all parts of the system that will be in the methanol loop (tanks, transfer lines, pumps vents, etc.) to withstand negative pressure, or simple make sure that any new feedstock and reactants that enter do so at a speed consistant with the condensor's capacity, allowing all exiting vapor to be stripped of methanol. Sizing a condensor would be a less taxing exercise than constructin an entire system for negative pressure.Over size the condensor and the reactants can be fed faster. Under size it and they simply have to enter at a slower rate. Todd Swearingen Ian Theresa Sims wrote: I am new to the biofuel world and have read most of the webb site info but can't seem to find any reference to pressure release. They all talk of having a sealed system to prevent personal harm and methanol loss but pressure must build with A, heating and B, pumping air in to mix the solution. Question. How are the tanks vented? Many thanks Ian ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- No virus found in this incoming message. Checked by AVG Anti-Virus. Version: 7.0.338 / Virus Database: 267.9.7/60 - Release Date: 28/07/2005 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release
Hello Ian, welcome I am new to the biofuel world and have read most of the webb site info but can't seem to find any reference to pressure release. They all talk of having a sealed system Closed is better. Even the sealed systems (hot water tanks mostly) have pressure outlets and can withstand some pressure. to prevent personal harm and methanol loss but pressure must build with A, heating and B, pumping air in to mix the solution. Pumping air in? I don't think so. Question. How are the tanks vented? Have a good read about these two processors, it'll help: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor8.html Biodiesel processors: The Deepthort 100B http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor10.html Journey to Forever 90-litre processor Best wishes Keith Many thanks Ian ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release
How are the tanks vented? Any tank holding any percentage of methanol should have a vapor line running to a central manifold prior to passing through a condensor. The greatest pressure build-up occurs during the first moments of reaction. Rather than a pressure relief valve that could easily fail, an adjustable pressure flap can be constructed that opens at low pressure. If the vent lines are 2-4, there's not much chance of the pressure building beyond a couple of pounds. As for a sealed system? There are two options. Either size and construct all parts of the system that will be in the methanol loop (tanks, transfer lines, pumps vents, etc.) to withstand negative pressure, or simple make sure that any new feedstock and reactants that enter do so at a speed consistant with the condensor's capacity, allowing all exiting vapor to be stripped of methanol. Sizing a condensor would be a less taxing exercise than constructin an entire system for negative pressure.Over size the condensor and the reactants can be fed faster. Under size it and they simply have to enter at a slower rate. Todd Swearingen Ian Theresa Sims wrote: I am new to the biofuel world and have read most of the webb site info but can't seem to find any reference to pressure release. They all talk of having a sealed system to prevent personal harm and methanol loss but pressure must build with A, heating and B, pumping air in to mix the solution. Question. How are the tanks vented? Many thanks Ian ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Pressure release and return port jet
is anyone measuring the pressure in your sealed reactors? What kind of pressure are we talking about?...1psi? 5 psi ? 10psi? I have herd their is some heat build up from the reaction but have not heard much about a big pressure buildup. then again a little pressure probably isnt too bad... it keeps more methanol from evaporating well actually.. I think u need to run quite a bit of pressure for that... most people are using water heaters for sealed reactors.. the largest port is 1or 3/4 inch isn't it? and I think someone is a little confused.. They all talk of having a sealed system to prevent personal harm and methanol loss but pressure must build with A, heating and B pumping air in to mix the solution.. I dont think anyone is pumping air to mix the solution... in fact most the pumps people are using are very poor at pumping air... most designs, pump the solution out of the bottom of the tank and push it up a pipe to the top of the tank then it flows back into the tank...and that flow does the mixing And now i have a question for the group.. ,, I dont really know if its been brought up or not... I would think it has. but has anyone seen what would happen if you would put some kind of jet type nozzle spraying into the tank on the return port.. so the solution is striking the opposite side of the tank or being jetted into the solution in the tank.. I would think that jetting into the solution might incorporate too much air and make foam or something but spraying it into the opposite side of the tank...? wonder what would happen? would it help mixing? I suppose a person would have to keep an eye on the pressure side of the pump and try to keep a happy medium with the flow rate and pressure... But I would bet the harbor freight pump would NOT be the number one choice for doing this Ray J Appal Energy wrote: How are the tanks vented? Any tank holding any percentage of methanol should have a vapor line running to a central manifold prior to passing through a condensor. The greatest pressure build-up occurs during the first moments of reaction. Rather than a pressure relief valve that could easily fail, an adjustable pressure flap can be constructed that opens at low pressure. If the vent lines are 2-4, there's not much chance of the pressure building beyond a couple of pounds. As for a sealed system? There are two options. Either size and construct all parts of the system that will be in the methanol loop (tanks, transfer lines, pumps vents, etc.) to withstand negative pressure, or simple make sure that any new feedstock and reactants that enter do so at a speed consistant with the condensor's capacity, allowing all exiting vapor to be stripped of methanol. Sizing a condensor would be a less taxing exercise than constructin an entire system for negative pressure.Over size the condensor and the reactants can be fed faster. Under size it and they simply have to enter at a slower rate. Todd Swearingen Ian Theresa Sims wrote: I am new to the biofuel world and have read most of the webb site info but can't seem to find any reference to pressure release. They all talk of having a sealed system to prevent personal harm and methanol loss but pressure must build with A, heating and B, pumping air in to mix the solution. Question. How are the tanks vented? Many thanks Ian ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Pressure release
I am new to the biofuel world andhave read most of the webb site info but can't seem to find any reference to pressure release. They all talk of having a sealed system to prevent personal harm and methanol loss but pressure must build with A, heating and B, pumping air in to mix the solution. Question. How are the tanks vented? Many thanks Ian ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Pressure points
Guardian Unlimited Pressure points The climate is changing. But where will we see the devastating effects first? Ian Sample reports on Earth's 12 most fragile places Thursday October 14, 2004 The Guardian Cast an eye over the many forests' worth of scientific literature on global warming and it quickly becomes clear that working out what a temperature rise of a few degrees will mean for life anywhere on the planet is far from straightforward. Vast ice sheets may melt, sea levels will rise, and faced with a new climate, species must adapt, move or perish. Yet the precise details of how any of it will happen are, frankly, unknown. Now it seems the future has become even more uncertain. Climate scientists say they have identified a dozen weak links around the world, regions where global warming could bring about the sudden, catastrophic collapse of vital ecosystems. The consequences will be felt far and wide. An abrupt halt in one ocean current could devastate Antarctic fish stocks, while disruption to another could make temperatures in Britain and elsewhere plunge. When rains return to the Sahara, disease and crop damage from pests could soar. Meanwhile, a drier Amazon will trigger huge die-back of the forests, threatening many species with extinction. Losing the forests will itself exacerbate global warming. Earlier this week, scientists reported that we may have less time to combat global warming than we realised. Measurements of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, taken from the Mauna Loa Observatory, 12,000ft up a mountain in Hawaii, suggest atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have risen sharply and inexplicably in the past two years, prompting fears of runaway global warming. Though it is too early to confirm that it is a definite upward trend, the results came as an unwelcome surprise to climatologists. Over the span of the coming century, even the most extreme global warming scenario predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - an increase of 5.8C - seems gentle. Surely civilisation will have enough time to protect itself against the consequences, while ecosystems could gradually adapt? Not so, say scientists studying the world's weakest links. John Schellnhuber, research director at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research in Norwich, played a key role in identifying the dozen systems where global warming could produce sudden and dramatic environmental damage. He calls them the tipping points, the achilles heels of the planet. At a conference earlier this year, Schellnhuber and other scientists called for a concerted, global effort to investigate the earth's known tipping points and to search for new ones. Only then, he says, will we be able to identify where the consequences will be felt first. It'll take a global effort to understand these, and we have to make sure that none are activated through human actions, he says. Here, we present a list of the tipping points and what might happen if they are triggered. Sahara desert Occupying some 3.5m square miles of northern Africa, the Sahara desert is expected to shrink with global warming as more plentiful rain brings a flourish of vegetation to its southernmost reaches. For those on the edge of the desert, the fertile land will undoubtedly be a boon, but the Sahara plays a broader role in the health of the planet. The dry dust that is whipped up from the desert by strong prevailing winds contains crucial nutrients that seed the Atlantic and may even help fertilise the Amazon. As the Sahara turns from brown to green, the flux of nutrients into the ocean is expected to drop, restricting food available for plankton, the smallest of links in the marine food chain. As the number of plankton falls, so does food for aquatic creatures further up the food chain. That's not the only knock-on effect. Plankton lock up the greenhouse gas CO -2 /- from the atmosphere, and so help counter global warming. With fewer plankton, the oceans will take less of the gas from the Earth's atmosphere. Dust from the Sahara has other, more subtle influences. When blown out over the Atlantic, clouds of Saharan dust act to stabilise the atmosphere, suppressing the formation of hurricanes. A greener Sahara could mean more frequent, or more severe hurricanes slamming into the Caribbean, parts of central and southern America and the south-eastern US. Meanwhile, the now wetter Saharan regions of Sudan, Morocco and Algeria could become more prone to infestations of locusts, such as the swarms that have devastated crops in the region this year. Amazon forest The size of western Europe, the Amazon forest is one of the most biodiverse regions on Earth. Models suggest that with global warming will come a drop in Amazonian rainfall, leading to the gradual death of the forest and subsequent collapse of the myriad ecosystems it supports. The extinction of species is only
[biofuel] Pressure
I was thinking today (yes.. it«s an ability I sometimes have): Often chemical processes (specially polimerization) require high pressures. High pressure speeds up or even allows many reactions often not attainable at normal 1 atm. If I don«t recall badly, the inventors of Polartec (TM) started out in their basement, and made their first Polartec (TM) (or Fleece, or whatever you call it) batch in a pressure cooker. Pressure cookers are available in all shapes and sizes, and although they are not the cheapest saucepans around, the do a very good job in the processes mentioned. This mail might sound stupid. I don«t need to perform a reaction at high pressure for the time being, but I just wanted to remind those who had forgotten about this method, of the existance of pressure cookers. (No, I don«t sell them). Regards, Christian [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Tiny Wireless Camera under $80! Order Now! FREE VCR Commander! Click Here - Only 1 Day Left! http://us.click.yahoo.com/WoOlbB/7.PDAA/ySSFAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Please do NOT send unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Pressure + Snipping
- Original Message - From: Dick Carlstein [EMAIL PROTECTED] our lc 400 one stage plants maintain 50 celisius and 2 bar during mixing and settling. Dick do you notice any difference in reaction rate with the pressure applied? Considering pressure cookers, autoclaves etc the aim seems to be to get the temperature higher than heating at atmospheric pressure would allow. ie boiling limits max temp. 15 psi with aqueous loads usually gives 121C. Every ten degree C temperature rise doubles the reaction rate. 2 bar should enable a higher temp/faster reaction rate as the methanol would have a higher boiling point under pressure. Using 50C are you gaining any advantage from the pressure? Now for a subject close to your heart and a timesaver for everyone. Snipping. The term has me confused. I usually highlight and delete non-relevant parts (perhaps I am cutting out too much). Is that the same as Snipping or is it another technique altogether? Snippers unite. Paul. Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Please do NOT send unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] pressure digest
take a piece of garden hose. hold up both ends and let the rest lie on the ground, as it will. now fill it with water, leaving the water a few inches off each end. the pressure pushing on the water at each end of the hose is the same = atmospheric. now gently blow on one end (just this once...(:-D)). you will observe the water column moves away from your mouth, and up the other end. what is the pressure at the open end ? atmospheric. what is the pressure at the mouth end ? atmospheric + additional pressure you generated. the open end is not sucking the water up. rather the mouth end is pushing the water out the other end. this is the way pressures work. the term vacuum is simply a synonym for 'differential pressure' vacuum per se does not exist. it's just a lower relative pressure. hope this helps. cheers, dick. Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
