Perhaps that is what we really are?
Wildlife populations 'plummeting'
Between a quarter and a third of the world's wildlife has been lost since 1970,
according to data compiled by the Zoological Society of
This morning I listened to an interview with Lester Brown, President of the
Earth Policy Institute and author of the Plan B books, the latest being Plan B
3.O. In the interview, Brown saw global population stabilizing at 8 billion
and went through the usual list of problems that we are now
A young woman, a student, recently got a job as a trainee with an Ottawa
retailer, a store that sells things like birthday and sympathy cards. The
training was to last three months. She was overjoyed, but though she thought
she was doing very well, she was summarily fired in about a week. No
Thanks for reminding me. I have Collapse but have only read a little of
it. Will get back to it and maybe get back to you.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Ed Weick [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; futurework
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Sunday, April 27, 2008
The New Economics of Hunger
By Anthony Faiola
The Washington Post
Sunday 27 April 2008
A brutal convergence of events has hit an unprepared global market, and
grain prices are sky high. The world's poor suffer most.
The globe's
is difficult to say. I would argue that
there is already considerable evidence that, with excessive population and
dwindling resources, we can not go on as we are. There will be change and
it won't be pleasant.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Ed Weick [EMAIL
look around for others to blame for having done this to us, or perhaps for a
virus. Having quoted him once, I will quote my old friend Pogo Possum again
because he may be right: We have seen the enemy and he is us.
Ed Weick
___
Futurework mailing
The following article is from the British Columbia online journal, The Tyee.
I'm posting it because it's something we should think about, not as something I
fully accept. You should note that I've shortened it to highlight the main
points. For the article in full, go to
How worried should we be about the SPP? According to Common Frontiers Canada,
it puts CEOs from Canadian, American and Mexican transnational companies at the
center of decision-making via SPP sanctioned bodies like the North American
Competitiveness Council (NACC) and the North American
I've cut the following article in half. To get the whole thing, go to
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/18/business/18hours.html?_r=1oref=sloginpagewanted=print
I was pointed to the article by Karen Cole's Casey reports. Thank you, Karen.
Ed
Peak oil; climate change; the global financial mess; and now food. I have a
friend who is certain the Biblical judgement day is coming. He may have a
point.
Ed
Rice prices 'to keep on rising'
Rice prices are
Subject: English will be the official language
The European Commission has just announced an agreement whereby English
will be the official language of the European Union rather than German,
which was the other possibility.
As part of the negotiations, the British Government conceded that
Getting Ready For Bank FailuresRobert Hoffman recently forwarded some writings
by Thomas Homer-Dixon. One paragraph that I thought was particulary relevant
to the situation that the global economy is presently in is the following:
So the rules of the game have now fundamentally changed. Our
I think it depends on what the cost of something is. There's an immense
difference between buying a house and buying a bag of peanuts, for example.
With some fairly large purchases, you may not be able to haggle but you can
look around - e.g., getting the best fare to Europe.
Ed
Arthur
When I spent a month on an assignment in Costa Rica a few years ago I ran into
quite a number of people whose close relatives had travelled to the US (mostly
illegally) to make some money to send home. Things don't look good for those
who found work in construction.
Ed
From the Daily Reckoning. The looming problem may only partly be energy, but
mostly it may be food if agricultural lands are moved into large-scale biofuel
production. But hey! According to the author, there's an opportunity to make
some money if things go that way.
Ed
A couple of days ago I sent out an email that referred to a paper by Stephen
Jay Gould, the American paleontologist. I had found one of the things the
paper said rather mind-bending:
... the subsequent history of animal life amounts to little more than
variations on anatomical themes
US jail numbers at all-time high
A new study of US prisons has found that numbers of people in jail are at an
all-time high, with more than 1% of the adult population behind bars.
The Pew Center report calls the US the global leader in the rate at which it
imprisons its citizens.
Over 2.3
Natalia, many of the points you raise are valid, though you put them more
strongly than I would. My view of the economy is that we are where we are
where we are. And yes, we are being manipulated and taken advantage of
probably much more than we were because the bubblers have learned how to
Harry, you are a confirmed Geogist. Most of us aren't. IMHO, it's us who are
bubbling and doing our little dances in response to the little Fritzes who are
manipulating us through the market. And yes, I wouldn't deny that land values
have something to do with it, but it's gone far beyond
Re: stuckThanks for posting, Arthur. Good to know there's someone even more
pessimistic than I am.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Cordell, Arthur: ECOM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, February 19, 2008 9:59 PM
Subject: [Futurework] FW: America's economy risks meltdown
Sinclair was right on. When I was a public servant there were times when I
knew that the approach the department was taking was wrong but of course I
kept my mouth shut.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Cordell, Arthur: ECOM [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Christoph Reuss [EMAIL PROTECTED];
that we're not going
to do that and he probably does too.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Cordell, Arthur: ECOM
To: Ed Weick ; Darryl or Natalia
Cc: futurework
Sent: Saturday, February 16, 2008 6:30 PM
Subject: RE: [Futurework] Fw: [Ottawadissenters] Another book one
shouldn'tread
It's probable that Reich was always something of an academic and should not
have tried to be a member of Clinton's cabinet. Academics think but don't
necessarily act.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Cordell, Arthur: ECOM
To: Ed Weick ; Darryl or Natalia
Cc: futurework
Sent
it off, we've let them. Perhaps it
really is time to see what some vigorous marching and fist shaking will do!
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Darryl or Natalia
To: Ed Weick
Cc: futurework
Sent: Saturday, February 16, 2008 3:03 PM
Subject: Re: [Futurework] Fw
Here's something apropos that I've had in my files for a couple of weeks, not
knowing what to do with it. Having been a biker myself, I can appreciate the
guys agony in having to give up his Harley.
Ed
Recession has become the buzzword of the day. The front pages of newspapers
have graphs on them showing share prices plunging downward. Ever so many things
suggest that rich world economies, driven by richest of them all, the US, are
rapidly declining into a recession . The US government,
I know I have it and that I've read it though I'll be damned if I can find
it right now or even, with any clarity, remember what it said. It was three
years ago, after all.
However, a few months ago I also picked up a book at a used bookshop, The
Mind and the Market by Jerry Z. Muller. It
What seems to be happening is that the income gap between rich and poor is
increasing in the industrialized world. The rich are getting richer, much
richer, and the poor are getting poorer. I'll say no more right now, but
I'll look it up and send something out later.
Ed
- Original
PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, January 15, 2008 7:49 AM
Subject: Re: [Futurework] Early Free Trade
Ed Weick wrote:
I don't know if we have ever learned from history. Institutions and
social
arrangements change, but the need to dominate them and make them work to
our
advantage seems
Whatever they did, Europe's masters of their colonial empires knew they were
doing the right thing and that God was with them. The following is from
Patricia de Fuentes, ed. and trans., The Conquistadors. FirstPerson Accounts
of the Conquest of Mexico.
. Cortés . After occupying Tenochtitlán .
Well well well! You don't say!, etc., and wow!
Ed
Men motivated by 'superior wage'
On receiving a paypacket, how good a man feels depends on how much his
colleague earns in comparison, scientists say.
Scans
According to Bloomberg, Bush has vetoed a bill that would provide health care
to poor children. The legislation, supported by Democrats and many of Bush's
fellow Republicans in Congress, would have added $35 billion over five years to
the State Children's Health Insurance Program, known as
Let's just say that GM had to do this, given the intense and growing
competition in the auto industry. Yet might it not mean an accelerated move to
offshore production?
Ed
From Bloomberg:
GM Contract Wins Union
An increase in literacy of one percent would mean a $32 billion
increase in national income -- three times the returns on investment in
machinery, Craig Alexander, TD Bank deputy chief economist and author
of the report said. More dependence on service-based, rather than
industrial sectors,
?
Weltschmerz -- sadness on thinking about the evils of the world
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weltschmerz
might also be relevant.
arthur
--
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of Ed Weick
Sent: Sun 9/2/2007 10:12
for others to blame for having done this to us, or perhaps for a
virus. Having quoted him once, I will quote my old friend Pogo Possum again
because he may be right: We have seen the enemy and he is us.
Ed Weick
___
Futurework mailing list
Futurework
I meant the following to go to Futurework as well as Natalia.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Ed Weick
To: Darryl or Natalia
Sent: Friday, August 31, 2007 8:26 AM
Subject: Re: [Futurework] More on money, money, money!
Good morning, Natalia
I believe one has to think of currency
Gail: Perhaps someone has or would look for the statistics. I am told that
roughly a quarter of the persons in the US who participate in the market
economy do not do so as employees but already are working on contract, and
that among them are growing numbers of senior corporate executives.
Me:
In this colour, Gail.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Gail Stewart
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Monday, August 20, 2007 10:13 AM
Subject: [Futurework] Modernizing the market economy
The Future of Work
Modernizing the Market Economy
1. Human relations
Draft 1.0.
Freedom and democracy aren't the only things Americans are spreading in Iraq.
Ed
190,000 weapons 'missing in Iraq'
The US military cannot account for 190,000 AK-47 assault rifles and pistols
given to the Iraqi
And who will provide the military equipment that Israel, Egypt and Saudi Arabia
will buy? Why, the American corporate sector of course.
Ed
Monday, July 30, 2007 - 12:00 AM
U.S. to sell $20B in arms to Arab nations
By Matthew Lee
The Associated Press
WASHINGTON - The Bush
Subject: Re: [Ottawadissenters] Re: [Futurework] The Future of Robber Barons
Ed Sorry for the snarky tone. Don't know what got into me. David
At 08:38 PM 03/08/2007, David Delaney wrote:
At 06:54 PM 03/08/2007, Ed Weick wrote:
Thanks for posting, Chris. Interesting. I've just
Thanks for posting, Chris. Interesting. I've just read a couple of books that
also raise serious questions about where the American empire is going. One,
Empire of Debt, by William Bonner and Addison Wiggin is concerned with the huge
government and trade deficits and consumer debts that
When my daughter was in high school, she wasn't very good at math, so we hired
a tutor who came in once or twice a week and helped her to get good enough to
get through it. She's now at university, and when I ask her whether she's
taken lecture notes, she tells me she didn't have to because
Thanks, Peter
While I agree that the Euro is a much better bet than the US$ and that the
US$ is on a downward grind, the relationship between the Euro and the Cdn$
can be a bit bumpy. Take a look at:
http://finance.yahoo.com/currency/convert?from=CADto=EURamt=1t=1y
Nevertheless, perhaps we
PROTECTED]
You can reach the person managing the list at
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
than Re: Contents of Futurework digest...
Today's Topics:
1. Where is all this taking us? (Ed Weick
I repeat what I said in an earlier posting: It's not money, it's us. I
won't repeat the rest of what I said, but it had something to do with us
using anything we can, and certainly money, to make ourselves individually
or tribally wealthier and more powerful.
How might that be changed? A few
This may be one of those rare instance in which a son agrees with his
father.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: R. James Weick [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: 'Ed Weick' [EMAIL PROTECTED]; Sent: Tuesday, July 17, 2007 11:27 AM
Subject: RE: [Futurework] Money, Energy transfers, Global Dumbing
I
Worth thinking about.
Ed
Globalization creating a 'deadly brew' for national currencies
BARRIE MCKENNA
Globe and Mail
July 17, 2007 at 8:46 AM EDT
WASHINGTON - Hardly a day goes by that someone, somewhere
I was rather snarkey in my previous posting on the subject:
It's not money, it's us. We seem to have an infinite capacity to agrandize
ourselves and to cheapen and defraud others. Money is simply one of the
many tools we use to do so. In countries like Canada, Australia and the US
It's not money, it's us. We seem to have an infinite capacity to agrandize
ourselves and to cheapen and defraud others. Money is simply one of the
many tools we use to do so. In countries like Canada, Australia and the US
there are some pretty strict rules about how far we can go in doing
Yup, the US$ is the international reserve currency. Lots of countries
depend on it. China and Japan have a lot of US$s and lots of securities (US
Treasuy Bills) denominated in US dollars. They wouldn't want to see its
value fall.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Christoph Reuss
Karen, this is the saddest posting ever to this list. Won't you stay?
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Karen Cole
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Sunday, July 08, 2007 10:08 PM
Subject: [Futurework] Sayonara
Dear friends,
When I met my second cousin Ray Evans Harrell
I may be revealing my longstanding affinity with dinosaurs here, but I
remember that a very long time ago I encountered the Quantity Theory of
Money in Economics 101. The basic formula for the theory is MV=PT, where M
is the quantity of money in circulation, V is its rate of circulation, P is
I may be revealing my longstanding affinity with dinosaurs here, but I
remember that a very long time ago I encountered the Quantity Theory of
Money in Economics 101. The basic formula for the theory is MV=PT, where M
is the quantity of money in circulation, V is its rate of circulation, P is
Please ignore my second Money, money, money posting, sent by mistake
(dinosaur brain, etc.)
Ed___
Futurework mailing list
Futurework@fes.uwaterloo.ca
http://fes.uwaterloo.ca/mailman/listinfo/futurework
This CBC news item is a little more than a month old, but I don't imagine
things have changed for the better since then. And yes, it does help me build
my reputation as the gloomiest poster on the Internet.
Newfoundlanders and Maritimers have moved out to Alberta to work on the oil
sands
Good posting, Natalia. Thanks. When I rejoined the list a few weeks ago, I
didn't quite know what to expect. I have to admit that I was disappointed.
There were very few people still on the list and nobody seemed to be interested
in the changing nature of work, a very important topic in
If I remember correctly, Toyotas and Hondas were considered cheap and
substandard when they were first introduced. Much has happened since then.
And, yes, $10,000 cars will sound good to consumers, if they can afford them.
But then why shouldn't they be able to afford them in this age of
Hi Chris,
I'm not really sure that free trade plays much of a role in this. Chrysler,
now uncoupled from Daimler, has not had a happy history recently. Last year
it lost nearly $700 billion dollars and its sales and market share have been
declining. It has to do something, and selling the
to be that Americans (and probably Canadians too) have
moved from being savers to being borrowers. As savers many of them probably
couldn't afford the houses they've bought as borrowers.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Harry Pollard
To: 'Ed Weick'
Sent: Tuesday, July 03, 2007 6
Karen: I am offering this simple outline, hoping for a reaction:
Beginning of the week business/economic and work-related posts to share.
How about a midweek Book and Scholarly review 'section'.
End of the week socio-cultural-political topics related to the world we live
and work in.
Me: I
There's an interesting article on the potential impact of the Chinese auto
industry in today's Globe and Mail. It indicates that the Chinese have a huge
labour cost advantage in making cars, paying their assembly line workers 83
cents per hour (U$) as opposed to US costs of $73 per hour (U$).
to http://www.imgmaker.com/ .
-Original Message-
From: Ed Weick [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Monday, July 02, 2007 09:14
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Your gloom for today
Of all of the many things that happened in the rich world during the 20th
Century, a couple stand out. One
was,
but I'm not about to give up on it. I hope that you and others who may be
lurking in the shadows don't either.
Regards,
Ed Weick
- Original Message -
From: Lawrence de Bivort [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Monday, July 02, 2007 9:07 PM
Subject: [Futurework] This list
If you read the Daily Reckoning, you pretty soon get the impression that we are
living in a series of interactive bubbles, all of which could burst and lead us
into a state of economic chaos. The Americans, and we Canadians too, are
contending with bubbles in the securities and housing markets,
Production abroad and outsourcing does not only mean being able to hire much
cheaper workers, it also means operating under a more advantageous regime of
hiring, employing, firing and compensating workers. China is trying to change
the rules and foreigners using Chinese labour aren't happy.
There's an article in today's Ottawa Citizen, originally in the LA Times, on
what globalization, outsourcing and the international connectedness of work are
doing to peoples' lives. The article says that all of the 46 million knowledge
workers in the US are engaged in some form of time-zone
John, thank you for posting the Rand report. Very interesting. Makes one
wonder if things will ever again settle down into the kinds norms that
prevailed when I entered the labour force in the mid-20th century. Then, if
you had any kind of quality education at all, you could get a steady job
A very long time ago I was told that we should leave the world in better shape
than we found it. There's little hope of that. There are walls to run into
everywhere we look and the truth is that we don't look very much -- too
depressing and we want to get on with our day to day lives, a thing
I too have come back to this list after being absent for a few years. What
was once a great list seems to have degenerated into people taking little
pokes and shots at each other on a variety of topics that have little to
with the real world of work and its future. Let's try to get closer to
- Original Message -
From: Cordell, Arthur: ECOM
To: Ed Weick ; [EMAIL PROTECTED] ; Christoph Reuss
Sent: Monday, June 11, 2007 5:10 PM
Subject: RE: [Futurework] Future of work?
Do you know the story of the frog in the pot getting warmed up?
Social-democrats keep
that
long ago speech. He got a tremendous kick out of it.
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Christoph Reuss [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, June 12, 2007 7:34 AM
Subject: Re: [Futurework] Future of work?
Ed Weick wrote:
What Douglas did in Saskatchewan suggested
Yoiks!! A true social democrat! But do be careful. You could lift the
frog right out of the pot. Then what would the rest of us do?
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Christoph Reuss [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Tuesday, June 12, 2007 3:21 PM
Subject: Re: [Futurework]
Chris, what we have to recognize is that it is often little decisions,
large on a local scale but small on a global scale, that work their way
through an economic and political system and bring about long term changes.
By striking down a provincial law, the Supreme Court of Canada told the
- Original Message -
From: Christoph Reuss [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Monday, June 11, 2007 11:58 AM
Subject: Re: [Futurework] Future of work?
Ed Weick wrote:
Chris, what we have to recognize is that it is often little decisions,
large on a local scale but small
In its recent report on Sub-Saharan Africa, the Senate Committee on Foreign
Affairs and International Trade noted that Canadian foreign aid to poor African
countries has been both disappointing in volume and had disappointing results
on the ground, suggesting that CIDA was largely to blame. It
- Original Message -
From: Ed Weick
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Friday, June 01, 2007 11:23 AM
Subject: Phantom aid
In its recent report on Sub-Saharan Africa, the Senate Committee on Foreign
Affairs and International Trade noted that Canadian foreign aid
I was once closely involved in how Canada and the US treated its Native people,
but that was many years ago. However, I'll see what I can still remember.
In the case of both countries there was considerable initial recognition of
Native groups being independent entities or nations with
Yesterday's Ottawa Citizen had the Pope commenting on the glorious past in
which the Indians of the Americas were evangelized by the Catholic Church, but
admitted that the evangelization process was accompanied by shadows. What
were some of these shadows?
Thomas R. Berger, in his A Long and
I like a society composed of independent individuals
working together for the common good - not a herd of cattle
doing what they are told because it's good for them.
It would be nice, Harry, but I'm afraid it doesn't work that way. I'm not
arguing that people are, by nature, always selfish
- Original Message -
From: Christoph Reuss [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Friday, May 18, 2007 4:59 PM
Subject: Re: [Futurework] [Ottawadissenters] An empty gesture?
If someone from Costa Rica wants in for a few months to do some crappy work
that Americans won't do,
From this morning's BBC news. What struck me most were the following
sentences:
After first paying visa fees and a $5,000 (£2,530) fine - and returning to
their home country - illegal immigrants in the US would be eligible for the
planned Z visa.
Holders of this proposed visa would have
. Are
they deported or offered amnesty ( a reward for beating the immigration system)
arthur
--
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Ed Weick
Sent: Friday, May 18, 2007 9:50 AM
To: [EMAIL
We wonder what is happening to manufacturing in the US. Are the Chinese and
other Asians now making many of the things that Americans used to make and thus
displacing American workers? Well, yes they are, but it would seem that
Americans have played a major role in displacing themselves.
From today's NYTimes. The American dilemma: There was a time when it was the
major manufacturer. Now it is one among several, and the others do it much
more cheaply, which is good for Americans as consumers but not as producers.
So, the argument goes, make America more competitive by raising
such circumstances could
ruffle things and work against you, and you wouldn't want that to happen, would
you?
Ed
- Original Message -
From: Cordell, Arthur: ECOM
To: Ed Weick ; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Monday, May 14, 2007 11:30 AM
Subject
Some of you may be interested in the following
posting I made to the Ottawa Dissenters group this morning.
Ed
I've worked on Native issues for years, including
claims to land. It's a complicated mess. Promises made a long time
ago were either not kept or severely eroded. For example,
Interesting how the Favelas in Rio
are actually doing well culturally. So much so that their main source of
income has become tourism. The CBC Radio One toured a few of the major
world cities' illegal communities, and discovered a vibrant community in
Rio. People there live in relative
The following is a review of a highly thought provoking book. It
appears in the current issue of Mother Jones. I've read most of the book,
but have had to put it down many times because of its intensity and because it
makes you think deeply about the prospects it raises. I've highlighted a
opportunity 15 years ago.
Cheers,
Lawry
-Original Message-
From: Ed Weick [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Saturday, May 06, 2006 8:11 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; futurework@fes.uwaterloo.ca;
'Christoph Reuss'
Subject: Re: [Futurework] Galbraith and economics ~ What should economists
do?
Thanks
Don't know how Sachs could have been SO naive, Chris. It's very difficult
to figure Russia out, even for a brainy guy like Sachs. It's had episodes
of chaos. I doubt that anyone could figure out what was going on at times.
Even you might have trouble doing so.
Ed
Very well described,
OK, I'll stop trying to fool you. You seem quite capable of doing that
yourself.
Regards,
Ed
Ed Weick wrote:
Don't know how Sachs could have been SO naive, Chris. It's very
difficult
to figure Russia out, even for a brainy guy like Sachs. It's had
episodes
of chaos. I doubt that anyone
Now you're trying to educate me. Give up. Nobody's ever been able to do
that.
Ed
Ed Weick wrote:
OK, I'll stop trying to fool you. You seem quite capable of doing that
yourself.
You have yet to provide a convincing explanation for that. Have you read
Leo Strauss and the Politics
I'm in this colour.
Ed
As a non-economist, I'd like to suggest two
things economists can do and the context they can do them
in: (1) They can try to discover what their social surround,
e.g., the global economy, is doing in terms of human labor,
including both its deployment , its
that they
would keep them as owners of important chunks of Russia. It didn't work out
as intended. Sharp operators went around buying up the shares, often for a
bottle of vodka, and the scheme was a total failure. The intentions were
good, if foolish.
Ed
Ed Weick wrote:
Geoffrey Sachs is a very
Trouble with economists is that they come in various shapes and sizes.
Though they are all exposed to the same things at university, they interpret
and use them in different ways. I'm sure that Friedman, Galbraith and
Keynes all knew about the competitive model, etc., but what policy advice
Ed Weick wrote: Trouble with
economists is that they come in various shapes and sizes. Though
they are all exposed to the same things at university, they
interpret and use them in different ways. I'm sure that
Friedman, Galbraith and Keynes all knew about the competitive model,
etc
The following is from a tribute to Galbraith by Mel
Watkins. The whole thing can be read at http://www.straightgoods.ca/ViewFeature6.cfm?REF=287.
Ed
Galbraith himself was capable of earthy talk. There are, he liked to
observe, two ways to feed oats to the sparrows. One is to feed the
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