At 03:13 PM 7/9/2007, you wrote:

>one question: what democracy really is? The article points out that
>singapore, malaysia and russia are not 'truly' democratic despite elections
>being done frequently and relatively free. But for example, UK is usually
>defined as one of the true democracies while it has royal family which has
>many privileges over the commoners..



Democracy is a system based on feedback - as the opposite of 
authoritarianism which lack of political feedback (you're either be 
silent or die).

And further question will be - how effective is the feedback?  In 
most cases the effectiveness of a political feedback system 
determined by the presence of oppositions, either by influence 
(pressure on issues) or by numbers.  You can have few oppositions 
(like US or UK) with strong influence over many issues, or you can 
have many oppositions (like Indonesia, India, etc.) with a lower influence.

Now let we analyze Singapore, Malaysia and Russia.
There are many similarities over those countries,  Not only there are 
very few oppositions but also those oppositions have a very weak 
influence.  That's why those countries can't be said as having a true 
democratic system.

An election by itself is not the whole democracy - as elections also 
held in most countries in the world regardless of the 
intentions.  North Korea and Cuba for example in the past held 
elections (with the results of : 99.99% winning votes for the ruling 
party).  What kind of feedback we can get from such system?  Nothing.

How about UK?  Well, the monarch is more like a symbol and has no 
effective political power.  All political decisions regarding British 
policy determined by political parties which represented by the 
elected members of House of Commons.

The other British parliament members - that is House of Lords (post 
held by the aristocrats) still play some roles in British political 
system, but in the modern era the powers of the House of Lords have 
been steadily declining.

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