Thanks for this information Eric. Very interesting... Sam (Camas, WA)
From: luiznoia . <[email protected]>
To: Azores Genealogy <[email protected]>
Sent: Thursday, September 3, 2015 2:46 PM
Subject: Re: [AZORES-Genealogy] Slaves
>From the Wikipedia article on Portuguese Empire
Expansion of sugarcane in Madeira started in 1455, using advisers from Sicily
and (largely) Genoese capital to produce the "sweet salt" rare in Europe.
Already cultivated in Algarve, the accessibility of Madeira attracted Genoese
and Flemish traders keen to bypass Venetian monopolies. Slaves were used, and
the proportion of imported slaves in Madeira reached 10% of the total
population by the 16th century.[21] ( Many early settlers in the Azores,
especially of the Donatary class came from Madeira)
In 1557 the Chinese authorities allowed the Portuguese to settle in Macau,
creating a warehouse in the trade of goods between China, Japan, Goa and
Europe.[78][80]
As Portugal increased its presence along China's coast, they began trading in
slaves. Many Chinese slaves were sold to Portugal.[81][82]Since the 16th
century Chinese slaves existed in Portugal, most of them were Chinese children
and a large amount were shipped to the Indies.[83] Chinese children were
kidnapped in China, and through Macau were brought to Portugal and sold as
slaves either in Macau or overseas.[84][85] Chinese prisoners were sent to
Portugal, where they were sold as slaves, they were prized and regarded better
than moorish and black slaves.[86]
The Tordesillas boundary between Spanish and Portuguese control in South
America was then increasingly ignored by the Portuguese, who pressed beyond it
into the heart of Brazil,[131] allowing to expand the territory to the west.
Exploratory missions were carried out both ordered by the government, the
"entradas" (entries), and by private initiative, the "bandeiras" (flags), by
the "bandeirantes".[134] These expeditions lasted for years venturing into
unmapped regions, initially to capture natives and force them into slavery, and
later focusing on finding gold, silver and diamond mines.[135]
Eric Edgar
On Thu, Sep 3, 2015 at 2:35 PM, luiznoia . <[email protected]> wrote:
Beginning in 1500 with Cabral's journey into the Indian Ocean, trading centers
were developed in Africa, the Red Sea, and South Asia.
The map attached shows the Portuguese outposts around 1600.
Slaves could have been purchased from any of these places and transported to
the Azores.
I have a match with another Flores family. We both share backgrounds of Red Sea
( Arabia, Iran), Northeast Africa, Sub Sahara Africa, West Asian, South Asian.
Eric Edgar
On Thu, Sep 3, 2015 at 11:41 AM, Cheri Mello <[email protected]> wrote:
Yes, DNA testing has shown people with African lineages.
Cheri
Cheri Mello
Listowner, Azores-Gen
Researching: Vila Franca, Ponta Garca, Ribeira Quente, Ribeira das Tainhas,
Achada
On Thu, Sep 3, 2015 at 5:07 AM, Manita M <[email protected]> wrote:
This is very interesting.All my CCA records research are in the eastern part of
Sao Miguel so perhaps that is why I've never seen an "escravo" but I may not
have noticed it either as I'm still a newbie and not fully translating the
records but just focusing on the dates, names and places. I'm very curious to
hear from others on this topic. Would the slaves have been "purchased" overseas
and been brought to the Azores? I'm assuming they mainly came from Northern
Africa?I do know that at the time of settlement they brought slaves to help
populate but I had assumed they would have become "free" once they got to the
Azores.Hmmmmmmm.DNA-wise: Anyone with Azorean DNA must have some slave OR North
African DNA. Of course anyone from Southern Portugal has some North African
already mixed into them so that can also explain the DNA ethnic makeup, but
back to slaves.I am assuming the slaves came from Africa?Yes, I'm well aware
that there was white slavery too but those white slaves ended up in the
Berbarian lands and in fact could be our pre-Azorean ancestors but that's
another topic.I just wonder if these slaves were already in mainland Portugal
or Madeira and then sent to the Azores or if they came to the Azores from
Africa directly?Interesting topic and would love to hear from anyone with
knowledge on this topic that could reference sources.On Sep 3, 2015 7:01 AM,
"MaryAnn Santos" <[email protected]> wrote:
I've seen a number of references to slaves - "escravos" - in the CCA records.
My research is primarily in São Miguel.
MaryAnn
On Thu, Sep 3, 2015 at 2:29 AM, linda <[email protected]> wrote:
On Wednesday, September 2, 2015 at 8:53:17 PM UTC-7, manita.morgado wrote:
Slave?I've never seen or noticed that in a CCA records. I guess it could have
been there and I didn't realize. Really?How common would this have been?
As it happens, this week I've been going through early and mid 18th century
baptismal and marriage records for Angra and Horta. During this period and in
these two cities, references to slaves are relatively common. I jotted a few
notes as I went along, but wasn't trying to be exhaustive in catching them, and
for Angra Baptisms 1719-1729, I counted about 20 records for slaves. Between
1710 and 1719, I noted at least 5 (by then, I was growing tired of jotting page
numbers, so there are probably more). Though generally of babies, several of
these baptisms were of adults. I also observed two further records with
English slave owners rather than native Portuguese owners. In Horta I took
note of four slave records (two baptisms and two obits), and one baptism in
Velas, Sao Jorge as well (there are certainly more instances of slaves in the
records of these two cities, but I stopped noting them). Previously, I've
observed records for slaves in Lajes/Praya da Victoria, Terceira (possibly
elsewhere) too, but I don't have my notes about those to hand at the moment.
Angra and Horta were two of the principal cities for the archipelago-- the
seats of commerce and government-- so that may account for the presence of the
slave populations there. These urban centers were populated by some of the
wealthier citizens of the islands. I inferred from names and titles that many
of the slave owners were of high social status. In two or three cases, women
were listed as the owners. The time period and places are critical-- Portugal
was one of the earlier countries to ban the practice of slavery, IIRC-- my
notes are on another computer-- but I'm not sure now of the dates. If you have
been going through 19th century records and/or rural parishes, then you are
less likely to have seen slaves mentioned. Also, if you aren't a native
speaker (I am not), then it's very easy to pass over the word. I was also
surprised the first time I encountered and understood it.
rambling thoughts late at night-- hope this is helpful,
Linda
On Wednesday, September 2, 2015 at 4:28:30 PM UTC-7, Mara wrote:
The child of eight days baptized March 7? 1659 son of one of the slaves by the
name of Maria of (belonging to) Barbara of Sao Goncalo (S. Goncalo is the name
of the area/place in S. Pedro) The Godfather was Sebastiao do Rego son of
Francisco Martins
On Wed, Sep 2, 2015 at 5:35 PM, Sandra Perez <[email protected]> wrote:
Sebastiao's birth--bottom right. I think I see Goncalo Frz or Joao Goncalo Frz
and maybe Barbara.
.http://culturacores.azores.gov.pt/biblioteca_digital/SMG-PD-SAOPEDRO-B-1643-1667/SMG-PD-SAOPEDRO-B-1643-1667_item1/P90.html
--
Sandra Perez
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