Decisions are made on raw, hard core politics- whichever special interest group 
buys the  most politicians- gets to have the most say- it's as simple as that. 
To think that the decisions are based on science or the long term good of the 
public are naive, IMHO.

I like finding meadows in a forest too- the problem, after recreating them from 
woodland, is how to maintain them. Often our public agencies instead clearcut 
forests to create "early succession habitat"- but it only last a few years 
before growing back in- so to solve that, they keep up a cycle of clearcutting 
so to always have some of that early succession habitat. However a clearcut 
ain't a meadow and all that clearcutting happens to be just dandy to the timber 
industry. Then again, maybe I'm being cynical.

Joe
  ----- Original Message ----- 
  From: JennyNYC 
  To: ENTSTrees 
  Sent: Friday, May 01, 2009 2:15 PM
  Subject: [ENTS] Re: Meadow Question



  Ed,

  Wow, thanks. I'm finding all kinds of stuff now.  Jennings sounds
  great.

  Now I am wondering about restoration projects that involve cutting
  down parts of forests to create meadow (if it is determined that
  meadow was there for a long time before the forest encroachment.)
  Since there isn't a whole lot of space for recreating natural
  ecosystems in the northeast, I wonder how decisions are made about
  priority. Should the ecosystem most threatened by species extinction
  take precedence?

  Do you think meadows within a forest add to their aesthetic value? I
  love coming into one from a trail. Maybe you already have this in the
  paper.

  Thanks,
  Jenny

  On May 1, 11:11 am, "Edward Frank" <[email protected]> wrote:
  > Jenny,
  >
  > You might look up the word prairie on a web search. There are many areas of 
prairie across the east coast. They typically form where there is a soil type 
that is not good for tree growth. At Jennings Environmental Education Ceneter 
in western PA the site says "The Jennings prairie remains due to a thick layer 
of impermeable clay that prevents most tree species from becoming established. 
Plants and animals that do live on the prairie must tolerate shallow soils, 
fluctuating periods of drought and saturation, and fire. Even under these harsh 
conditions, this ecosystem teems with life." Other ones exist at places like 
serpentine barrens where the soil is poisonous to trees but grass and some 
herbs can establish. Another area is along flood plains frequently flooded. 
Some trees can establish there, like sycamore and silver maple, but often 
frequent harsh flooding will create an area that is occupied by grasses because 
they replenish faster than trees. Finally there are grass areas in environments 
that are frequently burned. Many of these are reverting to scrub oak and pine 
forests as people have messed with the fire cycle. To some degree many of these 
pockets of grasslands are on a very long term transient, but they can exists 
for thousands of years at a locality before transitioning to another ecotype, 
but they can also form in new areas as well.
  >
  > Ed Frank
  
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