On 9/09/2015 2:20 pm, Stathis Papaioannou wrote:
On 9 September 2015 at 13:40, Bruce Kellett <bhkell...@optusnet.com.au <mailto:bhkell...@optusnet.com.au>> wrote:

    On 9/09/2015 1:20 pm, Stathis Papaioannou wrote:
    On 9 September 2015 at 12:44, Bruce Kellett
    <bhkell...@optusnet.com.au <mailto:bhkell...@optusnet.com.au>> wrote:

        On 9/09/2015 12:26 pm, Stathis Papaioannou wrote:
        On 9 September 2015 at 10:43, Bruce Kellett
        <bhkell...@optusnet.com.au
        <mailto:bhkell...@optusnet.com.au>> wrote:


            Whether or not all possibilities are realized, they are
            not in evidence, so their relevance to the question of
            probabilities is questionable.

            Your simple model case of a coin toss causing a world
            split is just a made-up example to give the result you
            want, so again its relevance is dubious. There is no
            sensible physical theory in which the world splits on
            classical coin tosses.


        If you can't imagine a world split, consider a virtual
        reality in which the program forks every time a coin is
        tossed, one fork seeing heads and the other tails. You are
        an observer in this world and you have this information, so
        you know for certain that "all possibilities are realised"
        when the coin is tossed. What would you say about your
        expectation of seeing heads?
        I presume you mean that the world is duplicated on each toss,
        with one branch showing each outcome. We are back to the
        dreaded "person duplication" problem. My opinion on this is
        that on such a duplication, two new persons are created, so
        the probability that the original person will see either
        heads or tails is precisely zero, because that person no
        longer exists after the duplication.


    After the coin has been tossed a few times, you (or one of the
    entities identifying as you) will say that, despite the opinion
    he expressed on 9th September on the Everything List, it does
    seem that he has survived the duplication and that heads comes up
    about half the time.
    It is a question whether it is just the person who is duplicated,
    or whether it is the whole world split into two non-communicating
    replicates. In the former case, two new persons are created and
    they will experience normal probabilistic outcomes of coin tosses.
    The second case (duplicate, non-interacting worlds), is
    indistinguishable from a simple series of coin tosses in this one
    world -- duplication has added nothing.


What if you are locked in a prison cell isolated from the world, and the prison cell is duplicated without your knowledge? What if in a year you are released and meet your duplicate? What if you are never released but are informed of the duplication?
You can make any number of artificial scenarios that appear to imply almost anything you want. Whereas, actually, they imply nothing at all, because such artificial scenarios have nothing to do with the real world.

If under these duplication scenarios you are fooled into thinking that you have not been duplicated, then you might think that you have continued as the same unique person. You would, however, be mistaken in that belief. Nothing unusual here -- most people have mistaken beliefs about any number of things.

Bruce

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