Linux-Misc Digest #190, Volume #19 Fri, 26 Feb 99 14:13:10 EST
Contents:
Re: Netscape crasshing (Rob Comstock)
Re: Best Free Unix? (why FreeBSD?) (Tim Smith)
Re: Best Free Unix? (why FreeBSD?) (Marco Anglesio)
Re: Stop this bogosity, damnit! Re: Best Free Unix? (why FreeBSD?) (Frank Sweetser)
Re: Kermit for Linux (Frank da Cruz)
Re: Read/Write on UFS filesystems under 2.2.1 (Kent Robotti)
dump to DDS2? (chris couples)
Re: Ls command (GBP)
Re: I'm baffled with these ... (fernando)
Re: Printing under Linux (brian moore)
Re: Raw writing to PCMCIA SRAM cards (David Hinds)
Source of info for New Linux Convert? ("Scott Wilkinson")
Re: Overclocking (was: Re: K6-2 and Linux, Are there any Bug?) (GBP)
Re: Can Linux use 36-bit Xeon addressing? (Robert Krawitz)
RealPlayer 5.0 on Kernel 2.2.2 (Bob Schreibmaier)
Help!!: sync/update/bdflush stalling (Dr Ian Vince McLoughlin)
Re: Stop this bogosity, damnit! Re: Best Free Unix? (why FreeBSD?) (Alexander Viro)
Re: Linux is not even in Windows 9X's class. (Craig Kelley)
Re: Overclocking (was: Re: K6-2 and Linux, Are there any Bug?) (GBP)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Rob Comstock <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux
Subject: Re: Netscape crasshing
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 15:27:17 +0000
Nico Kadel-Garcia wrote:
>
> On Fri, 26 Feb 1999 18:00:41 +1300, teknokr@t <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >Netscape crashes everytime I enter www.linuxapps.com. Its fine if i
> >switch java and
> >javascript off. Does anyone know what the problem is?
> >
> >I have netscape 4.05
>
> Upgrade to 4.08?
I am using communicator 4.5 (from the the tarball provided
by the Netscape folks) and seems to work much better. I was
having crash problems when attempting to integrate external
doc handlers. No more with 4.5.
Rob
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Tim Smith)
Crossposted-To: gnu.misc.discuss,comp.unix.advocacy,comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc
Subject: Re: Best Free Unix? (why FreeBSD?)
Date: 26 Feb 1999 07:20:08 -0800
John S. Dyson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>A $100-$150K house in Indy is $500K+ in reasonable places in
>the Bay area. My co-workers when I was based in Indy, often
>lived in $400K houses, many had airplanes, and one had his OWN
>airfield (sometimes waking up to surpise landings :-)), so I
>wonder if that is even possible in the Bay area for an
>engineer (who wasn't able to cash in options, etc)?
For the price of an OK house in, say, Cupertino, one could get a really
big house in the central valley, say in the Merced area, a lot more land,
a new Mooney airplane (better than a Cessna, and faster), and an extra
car to keep in Silicon Valley. Merced is where the next UC campus is
being built, and so housing prices may go up, so a house there might
be a good investment.
If I were starting a company, I'd seriously consider someplace like the
central valley, just because of housing costs. I'd point out to potential
employees that with the money they save on housing, they can easily afford
to drive up to San Francisco on weekends and stay in a nice hotel and eat
at nice restaurants, so it doesn't matter that they are living in a vast
cultural and entertainment wasteland during the week--they can get that
in San Francisco, and Silicon Valley is only a couple of hours away when
they feel the need to get in touch with their nerd roots. And with that
new UC campus coming, the central valley might become an interesting place
itself.
--Tim Smith
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Marco Anglesio)
Crossposted-To:
comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.advocacy,comp.unix.misc,comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc
Subject: Re: Best Free Unix? (why FreeBSD?)
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 15:47:49 GMT
On 25 Feb 1999 23:21:35 GMT, John S. Dyson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Linux was rewritten for no reason, other than to take concepts and
>to restrictively license them with GPL.
1. You can't license a concept under the GPL (you could, I guess, patent
something and then license it under GPL terms, but that's neither here nor
there). You can only license a concrete work.
2. Linux's original license was not the GPL.
marco
--
,--------------------------------------------------------------------------.
> Marco Anglesio | It's more than magnificent; <
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] | it's mediocre. <
> http://www.the-wire.com/~mpa | --Samuel Goldwyn <
`--------------------------------------------------------------------------'
------------------------------
From: Frank Sweetser <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To:
comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.advocacy,comp.unix.misc,comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc
Subject: Re: Stop this bogosity, damnit! Re: Best Free Unix? (why FreeBSD?)
Date: 26 Feb 1999 09:24:37 -0500
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (John S. Dyson) writes:
> Actually, I don't know who put freebsd.misc onto the list of groups,
> but I had been normally posting while reading comp.os.linux.advocacy. I
> wish newsreaders had a feature that reminded where one is posting. It
> would make people (like me) more aware.
gnus will prompt you for which groups you're following up to, while
displaying the list of groups, whenever it's going to multiple groups.
--
Frank Sweetser rasmusin at wpi.edu fsweetser at blee.net | PGP key available
paramount.ind.wpi.edu RedHat 5.2 kernel 2.2.1 i586 | at public servers
Woody: Hey, Mr. Peterson, there's a cold one waiting for you.
Norm: I know, and if she calls, I'm not here.
-- Cheers, Bar Wars II: The Woodman Strikes Back
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Frank da Cruz)
Crossposted-To: comp.protocols.kermit.misc
Subject: Re: Kermit for Linux
Date: 26 Feb 1999 14:33:47 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Frankie <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
:
: Hi, I'm from Spain and I'm tring to get Kermit for Linux. Does anybody
: could send me it. (*.rpm)
:
Short answer:
http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ck70.html
In more detail:
C-Kermit 6.0 is the current version of Kermit for UNIX (including Linux).
It is distributed in source-code form, and there is also a large selection
of prebuilt binaries for many platforms. There are also install packages
for Red Hat, Debian, and Slackware Linux distributions as well as for
other several other kinds of UNIX.
However, the C-Kermit 6.0 package files (RPM, Debian, etc) are no longer
appropriate for recent Linux releases. Linux has changed significantly out
from under C-Kermit 6.0 (which was released in 1996): curses libraries have
been shuffled around, there is the new libc vs glibc issue, serial port
access has changed, etc.
We have addressed these issues in C-Kermit 7.0, which is presently in Beta
test. So please pick up C-Kermit 7.0 Beta instead. It should build and
work correctly on all Linux versions, including the most recent ones, as
well as all other known UNIX platforms, plus Plan 9, VMS, and others.
You can find it at:
http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ck70.html
There are, as yet, no package/install files (RPM, DEB, etc).
Quick start: Get the cku195.tar.gz file, gunzip it, tar xvf cku195.tar,
and then "make linux". The resulting "wermit" file is the C-Kermit 7.0
Beta executable.
Report any problems back to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
- Frank
------------------------------
From: Kent Robotti <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Read/Write on UFS filesystems under 2.2.1
Date: 26 Feb 1999 16:22:26 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Rob Fisher <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> > Has anyone had any joy mounting UFS filesystems read/write under the
>> > 2.2.1 kernel? I've built all the necessary into said kernel, and when I
>> > mount my Solaris x86 partitions with o=rw or -w, mount reports that they
>> > are mounted read/write, but any attempt to modify them results in a
>> > "read-only filesystem" error.
>>
>> > Any ideas?
>>
>> I don't know but maybe this will work.
>>
>> mount -t ufs -o ufstype=sun /dev/XXXX /mnt
> That's what I've been trying. Also
> mount -t ufs -o ufstype=sun,rw /dev/hdc5 /mnt
> and
> mount -t ufs -o ufstype=sun -w /dev/hdc5 /mnt
> But it still mounts read only!
Just because you have ufs support in the kernel doesn't mean
you have ufs read-write support, are you sure you were
presented with the ufs read-write option when you did
make config, and answered yes?
Look at the /usr/src/linux/.config file, after the ufs option you
should see a read-write option for ufs.
I think if you don't answer yes to the Config_Experimental option
early on in make config, you won't be presented with the write option
for ufs.
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 16:03:09 +0000
From: chris couples <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: dump to DDS2?
I'm trying to use dump to back up my web server. This is the transcript
of the dump session. Can anyone explain the st0 errors that appear?
#/sbin/dump 0bf 126 /dev/tape /etc
DUMP: Date of this level 0 dump: Fri Feb 26 10:39:16 1999
DUMP: Date of last level 0 dump: the epoch
DUMP: Dumping /dev/sda1 (/) to /dev/tape
DUMP: mapping (Pass I) [regular files]
DUMP: mapping (Pass II) [directories]
DUMP: extimated 2994 tape blocks on 0.07 tape(s)
DUMP: dumping (Pass III) [directories]
DUMP: dumping (Pass IV) [regular files]
st0: Error with sense data: extra data not valid Current error st09:00:
sense key Aborted Command Additional sense indicates Data phase error
DUMP: end of tape detected
st0:Error with sense data: extra data not valid Current error st09:00:
sense key Aborted Command Additional sense indicates Data phase error
DUMP: Closing /dev/tape
DUMP: Change Volumes: Mount volume #2
DUMP: Is the new volume mounted and ready to go? no
DUMP: Do you want to abort? yes
DUMP: The ENTIRE dump is aborted
Thanks in advance,
chris couples
------------------------------
From: GBP <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Crossposted-To:
comp.os.linux.advocacy,comp.os.linux.development,comp.os.linux.setup,comp.os.linux.x
Subject: Re: Ls command
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 11:52:05 -0500
While your making the alias also consider the options ls -Fsk or ls
-Fask
-F shows the file type, * for exe / for dir
-s shows the size
-k shows that size in kbytes not blocks
-a show . files too
ls -Fask --color
Luca Satolli wrote:
>
> Hi,
> I've seen the option --color in man pages of 'ls', I think it's very
> usefull, I'd like to know if I could select it by default so that I
> haven't to type it all times.
> Thanks a lot & best regards
> Luca Satolli
------------------------------
From: fernando <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: I'm baffled with these ...
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 10:33:10 +0500
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
> Hello All!
>
> I have this entry on my /etc/hosts
>
> 127.0.0.1 localhost
> 192.168.10.1 myhost.mydomain <----my hostname
>
> If i'll do,
Did you change the IP after the installation ??
If you did it, then (under RH, dunno other distros) you have to change
the IP also in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
Hope this helps.
>
> # telnet localhost
>
> I can telnet succesfully to my standalone machine.
>
> But if I'll do.
>
> #telnet myhost.mydomain
>
> Trying 192.168.10.1...
> telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Network is unreachable
>
> It fails on the above message. Now what could be the problem?
> Of course my hostname is myhost.mydomain .
> Is this just normal?
>
> Bud
>
> -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==----------
> http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own
--
============================================
This are my personal opinions
Real email: sanabriaf at yahoo dot com
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (brian moore)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.hardware,alt.os.linux
Subject: Re: Printing under Linux
Date: 26 Feb 1999 17:39:55 GMT
On Fri, 26 Feb 1999 03:41:41 -0800,
jik- <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Instead of converting your image to PostScript, and
> > then having Ghostscript convert it to PCL (or whatever your printer
> > wants), it converts the image to PCL directly.
>
> When I said PDL, I meant PDL and not PCL....they letters are close on
> the keyboard and alphabet, don't know if you thought I made a mistake or
> not, but I didn't.
Considering I wasn't following up to your post, the above is irrelevant.
> PDL stands for Page Description Language, which PCL is ONE of hundreds.
> Only some printers use PCL, which is a more common standard PDL like
> PS,...but not THAT common. If you have a printer that uses some other
> PDL and not PCL...like Canon (who also makes a standard PDL
> CaPCL...which my canon doesn't use :P) this plugin will not help
> you....you will need gs unless there is one that covers your printer's
> PDL.
Yes, but if your printer is one of the ones supported directly by the
aforementioned plugin, Ghostscript will only deteriorate the image
quality.
PCL is "THAT" common. It's used for virtually every HP printer made in
the past several years (excepting their WinPrinters and PS printers) and
HP has even managed to license it to several other makers.
Perhaps I should have added a second "(or whatever your printer wants)"
to the sentence, but that would be redundant.
If you insist on being pedantic, PCL is not a page description language.
It is a printer control language, hence its name (and its
functionality).
--
Brian Moore | "The Zen nature of a spammer resembles
Sysadmin, C/Perl Hacker | a cockroach, except that the cockroach
Usenet Vandal | is higher up on the evolutionary chain."
Netscum, Bane of Elves. Peter Olson, Delphi Postmaster
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (David Hinds)
Crossposted-To:
comp.os.linux.development.system,comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.os.linux.portable
Subject: Re: Raw writing to PCMCIA SRAM cards
Date: 26 Feb 1999 17:34:51 GMT
Mark Smith ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
:
: Seriously though, I take it I would could just copy my program to the memory
: card ie. "dd if=test.bin of=/dev/mem0c0c" or is there a nice pre-made
: program that will do it for me ?
What, "dd" isn't nice enough??
-- Dave
------------------------------
From: "Scott Wilkinson" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Source of info for New Linux Convert?
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 10:56:48 -0500
Hi Folks:
Though I use it all, I can't stand Gates and his evil empire, so I'd really
like to explore possibilities w/Linux...But like any Linux newbie, I many
basic questions, like...
Do XWindows and other GUIs run fast on a 486?
Can I use my Iomega JAZ and ZIP drives under Linux?
Is there a single source for a listing of major commercial apps that have a
Linux version? Or a listing of Linux apps that rival the popular Wintel
apps?
Thanks,
Scott
------------------------------
From: GBP <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Crossposted-To:
alt.os.linux.slackware,comp.os.linux.development.system,comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Overclocking (was: Re: K6-2 and Linux, Are there any Bug?)
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 13:27:37 -0500
>
> the only chips i hear of that can be is celeron but besides that.... the
> chip is not made to be over clocked..... if it was supposed to be over
> clocked it would RUN at THAT SPEED not 50-100 MHz slower
Its called multi tier pricing, and this isnt the only industry that does
it. I means packaging essentially the same product two ways (or more)
one for poorer people, one for richer. Some people will always want the
better product and a are willing to pay more, since money is no object.
So company X can jack the price on widgets up 25% and call them super
widjets. But other people just can't afford the super widgets, and
company X wants to sell to them too, even though they cant pay as much.
So they sell "budget widgets". Both are just widgets made in the same
plant. They dont want people to buy super widgets to know this, or they
wont pay extra, so they create the fiction that bugjet widgets are
somehow inferior. Lots of people will still buy the "inferior" budget
widgets, beacuse they want widgets and thats what they can afford. They
wish they could get super widgets but that doesnt stop them... budget
widgets are better than non at all right???
In this case intel used 18 micron technology to make Celerons .. so they
can run hotter than the older inferior 25 micron P2's. They are
essentially dumping the celerons on the market at no profit to hurt AMD
their only real threat. They intend to make all their money on the
"high end" PII's even though the P2's are almost exactly the same they
cost 2-4 times more!! The P2 is the "super widget". They developed the
18 micron manufacturing plants to make the upcoming P3 and beyond, but
since the design wasnt ready yet they knocked off some Celerons while
they were waiting.
Personally i dont feel comfortable overclocking. But i can say that i
should be almost impossible to melt a celeron due to the 18 micron
design, and low offical clock speeds. The fast that Intel has been
trying to devolope mechanisms to stop overclocking almost proves that
its possible... For example due to design you cant run a celeron 300A
at say 366, you have to go all the way up to 1.5x at 450mhz.. which
actually works for a lot of people i hear! The P2-450 is like $500 a
celeron 300A at 450 is $95 :) So lets say you burn one, your still $300
ahead if the second one works, the odds are on the hacker's side here.
------------------------------
From: Robert Krawitz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux,comp.os.linux.hardware
Subject: Re: Can Linux use 36-bit Xeon addressing?
Date: 26 Feb 1999 13:45:36 -0500
"David A. Frantz" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> Robert Krawitz wrote in message ...
> >I think this is a tad unfair. I'm disappointed that Linus doesn't
> >want to enable large memory addressing on the x86.
>
> As with any general purpose operateing system there are trade offs, one
> outstanding feature of Linux is the freedom to transform it into something
> that suits your purposes. The reallity is that there is nothing to be
> gained by trying to use a special capability of the XEON just to fillfull
> the special needs of a few users. This is especially the case when the
> Chip and Chip SETs are not suited for the application. I firmly believe
> that if you really need 64 bit addressing to main memory then you need to
> look at a 64 bit system.
Well, Xeon boxes seem to be awfully popular these days. And again:
there's a lot of software (even for Linux) that only runs on x86.
Folks who want to use Oracle don't have the option of getting an Alpha.
> >Job mixes that are more memory/IO than computation intensive (which is
> >the case for a lot of commercial data processing) would benefit
> >greatly from the availability of large memory on commodity hardware.
>
> Why would anyone do commercial data processing in large pools of main
> memory? Seems awfully risky. Actually large memory systems and heavy
> computation base apps go hand in hand.
Example: something that's trying to join a stream of transactions to
accounts. Database (and non-database) joins can always use all the
memory they can get their grubby little paws on.
Actually, on further thought Linus's last message on the topic
suggested using the extra RAM as a ramdisk. If the machine then
swapped to the ramdisk, things would work reasonably well.
[Disclaimer: that I'm not a disinterested observer: I work for Torrent
Systems: http://www.torrent.com/. However, this posting is completely
my own opinion, and does not reflect any official company policy.]
--
Robert Krawitz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> http://www.tiac.net/users/rlk/
Tall Clubs International -- http://www.tall.org/ or 1-888-IM-TALL-2
Member of the League for Programming Freedom -- mail [EMAIL PROTECTED]
"Linux doesn't dictate how I work, I dictate how Linux works."
--Eric Crampton
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Bob Schreibmaier)
Subject: RealPlayer 5.0 on Kernel 2.2.2
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 18:50:01 GMT
I just upgraded to kernel 2.2.2, using XFree86 3.3.3.1, and
noticed that RealPlayer 5.0 has stopped working. It starts
up with the usual window, but gives the dreaded "Error 1" as
soon as it starts playing the movie.
If it matters at all, this is an upgraded Slackware 3.6 system,
running on a K6-233 with 64 MB of RAM, 128 MB of swap. It looks
like the system has never used the swap space at all. The output
of the /usr/src/linux/scripts/ver_linux script looks like this:
-- Versions installed: (if some fields are empty or looks
-- unusual then possibly you have very old versions)
Linux dxis 2.2.2 #1 Fri Feb 26 11:56:47 EST 1999 i586 unknown
Kernel modules 2.1.121
Gnu C 2.7.2.3
Binutils 2.8.1.0.23
Linux C Library 5.4.46
Dynamic linker ldd: version 1.9.9
Procps 1.2.7
Mount 2.7l
Net-tools (1998-03-02)
Kbd command
Sh-utils 1.16
Has anyone else seen this behavior? Is there a workaround?
Besides going back to 2.0.36. 8^{)
Thanks in advance.
Bob
--
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Bob Schreibmaier K3PH | E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] |
| Kresgeville, PA 18333 | ICBM: 40o55'N 75o30'W |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
------------------------------
From: Dr Ian Vince McLoughlin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Help!!: sync/update/bdflush stalling
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 09:12:24 +0800
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Hi,
Any solutions or pointers to help here would be very
welcome (please reply via email because many new
messages seem to get lost before I receive them)!
Hardware:
AMD K6-2 3D 266
64Meg SDRAM
AMIBIOS
6.4gig IDE HD (Western Digital)
Problem:
*sometimes* (not always), when I do a
shutdown I get the message saying
that /dev/hdc5 (/usr partition) is still busy
and the logout process hangs (and a manual reboot
means fsck checking about 4 gig of hard disc
next time I start up).
Some known problems are occasionally a
sync command halts midway, and kill -9 can't
kill the process. This can happen when
running;
/sbin/lilo
(but then often this works OK)
Other info:
I made a new kernel for a '386' with all the
buggy motherboard fixes included, but this
doesn't help. Changing the disc to hda or
hdb doesn't cure the problem either...
Thanks in advance for any help....
pls reply to: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
regards,
Ian McLoughlin
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alexander Viro)
Crossposted-To:
comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.advocacy,comp.unix.misc,comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc
Subject: Re: Stop this bogosity, damnit! Re: Best Free Unix? (why FreeBSD?)
Date: 26 Feb 1999 13:46:12 -0500
[sorry for over-the-head reply]
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Frank Sweetser <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>[EMAIL PROTECTED] (John S. Dyson) writes:
>
>> Actually, I don't know who put freebsd.misc onto the list of groups,
>> but I had been normally posting while reading comp.os.linux.advocacy. I
No, you didn't. c.o.l.a is not (and was not) in crossposting. Grep
your newsspool and check yourself. And it had been crossposted to c.u.b.f.m
from the very beginning (to, from - heck knows; c.o.l.m/c.u.b.f.m was there
since the beginning of the thread).
>> wish newsreaders had a feature that reminded where one is posting. It
>> would make people (like me) more aware.
<flame>
So get a non-sucking newsreader. rn had this property. trn, slrn -
you name it. Damint, strace the sucker you are using, watch connect to port
119 and see whether it send()/sendmsg()/write() "POST\r\n". Grep the source
for corresponding call and insert the obvious output/confirmation request
before it. Look what it's going to send to the same socket after POST and
watch the line starting from "Newsgroups:". All fix takes horrible 15 minutes.
People like you? AFAIK you are *not* a child of Endless September.
If you had spent a frigging two weeks posting this BS into technical groups
and didn't bother to check *where* are you posting to - excuse me when I
question your mental abilities. Sorry, I don't believe it. You *should* know
better. If you *really* didn't - maybe you'ld better stick with AOL or WebTV.
Obcomp.os.linux.advocacy: WTF are you doing in that gutter?
</flame>
--
"You're one of those condescending Unix computer users!"
"Here's a nickel, kid. Get yourself a better computer" - Dilbert.
------------------------------
Crossposted-To: gnu.misc.discuss,comp.os.linux.advocacy
Subject: Re: Linux is not even in Windows 9X's class.
From: Craig Kelley <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: 26 Feb 1999 11:57:00 -0700
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher B. Browne) writes:
> Actually, it gets asked enough that it's worth publicizing.
Agreed.
> A monolithic kernel (which Linux is implemented as) is one where the
> entirety of the kernel is one big program.
Wellllll, what are modules then?
Strictly speaking, Linux *is* a monolithic kernel -- but the
modularization gives it many of the supposed benefits of a microkernel
without the jaunting overhead.
> A microkernel takes the approach of writing a little bitty
> "executive," and then running the rest of what would be (in
> monolith-world) the OS kernel as processes atop the microkernel.
And in practice, the executive runs only one server (even if it is
capable of doing otherwise). Look at Qnx, Minix3 and even Windows NT
(which is technically *not* a microkernel since version 4).
[very good synopsis snipped]
--
The wheel is turning but the hamster is dead.
Craig Kelley -- [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.isu.edu/~kellcrai finger [EMAIL PROTECTED] for PGP block
------------------------------
From: GBP <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Crossposted-To:
alt.os.linux.slackware,comp.os.linux.development.system,comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Overclocking (was: Re: K6-2 and Linux, Are there any Bug?)
Date: Fri, 26 Feb 1999 14:00:46 -0500
Michael Creasy wrote:
>
> If this is the case can someone tell me why my K6-2 350 when overclocked
> to 400 crashes linux on boot, it has a huge fan on it.
>
Its because of the way chips are made. Tehy are made from 1.5 foot
diameter wafers then cut, then tested. The company doesnt say "ok these
are going to be p2-350's and these here will be p2-400's" what they do
is they make them the best they can and then cross their fingers. Lets
say a batch has 12 dies (chips) a typical yiled might be something like
this:
defective
p2-388
p2-478
defective
p2-312
defective
p2-444
p2-451
defective
defective
p2-398
p2-377
they test them to see, first if they work, second how fast they work.
Now intel has these chips:
p2-312
p2-377
p2-388
p2-398
p2-444
p2-451
p2-478
otherwise known as
p2-300
p2-350
p2-350
p2-350
p2-400
p2-450
p2-450
Now technically speaking all these chips cost the same to make, but they
arent going to charge you the same amoung of money-- some are better
than others.
Say intel has lots of 350s and just a few 300's. Now lets say their are
a lot of people that just want the cheapest p2 they can get for their
budget pcs-- which makes sense. inetl sells p2-300s for $100 and p2-350
for $125 (fake numbers). A lot of people say , i dont care if its only
$25 more i want the slowest one, its only going to be about 15% faster
anyway... So they have lots of orders for 300's but few for 350s. They
take lots of those 350s and mark them as 300s! So you can "over clock'
then safely... because intel "under clocked" before.
__BUT__ One of those things really was a p2-300 wasnt it-- a p2-312
actaully. And when you over clock that one it will burn out or crash.
There MUST be some p2-300's that really are only 300's or intel would
just sell p2-350's as their slowest chip... One the other hand most
300's are really going to be faster than 300 because the average is
probably around 375.
gbp
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