I my case when I tried to start the spellchecker on a French (francais) document (french-gutenberg to be more precise). It just hangs and stays blocked for a while I imagine it runs into an infinite loop until a time out is reached.
Amusingly I tried to tell LyX that my text is formatted in English with a french-gutenberg dictionary. Then it does not hang, but it checks the text with an English dictionary. Dur-Dur. Pierre