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o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + o + Also see Wintle's inaugural lecture from December 2003 delivered to the Chair of Modern European History at the University of Amsterdam, "Europa and the Bull, Europe, and European Studies: Visual Images as Historical Source Material,": <http://www.cambridge.org/gb/knowledge/isbn/item2327578/?site_locale=en_GB> . Figure one from the paper is a first-century AD Roman mosaic of Europa seated on a bull, although Wintle mentions earlier allusions attributed to the Syracusian poet Moschus. Wintle actually began his study with maps, and references the works of Brian Harley.

                Joel Kovarsky

On 10/1/2011 11:44 PM, Deborah Taylor-Pearce wrote:
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MapHisters,

Joel tells me that the image of Europa seated on a bull does indeed feature on early maps:

    "... used by Ortelius (1570 map of Europe), Blaeu, de Wit and
    others."

He also pointed me to the cover of Michael Wintle's book, _The Image of Europe_ (CUP, 2009), which features Blaeu's interpretation of the Europa legend (from the Blaeu atlas).

As far as I know, Wintle doesn't discuss the enigmatic meanings of the Europa hieroglyph, but I agree with Joel that his alternate take on the subject is very interesting!

Deborah
_____

Deborah Taylor-Pearce
[email protected]

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