Dry wood termites are also eradicated using normal treatment methods although
moisture content issues will probably not be present. JTV
Joel Voron Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Conservation Dept.
Integrated Pest Management
Office 757-220-7080<tel:757-220-7080>
Cell 757-634-1175<tel:757-634-1175>
E-Mail [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
[X]
On May 9, 2019, at 5:24 AM, Voron, Joel <[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>>
wrote:
The risk of transferring termites would be very low as termites would need the
objects cellulose to have a moisture content of 19% or higher. Termites have no
true exoskeleton for the most part and are very sensitive to low RH. Any normal
freeze cycle or anoxia would surely do them in. No separate protocol would be
required other than getting the RH under control after treatment if an object
was actively infested. JTV
Joel Voron Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Conservation Dept.
Integrated Pest Management
Office 757-220-7080<tel:757-220-7080>
Cell 757-634-1175<tel:757-634-1175>
E-Mail [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
[X]
On May 7, 2019, at 9:54 AM, Adrian Doyle
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
Dear all
For a standard to ensure the temperature is the correct level, we have a
variety of boxes which have packaging material, a wooden blockn with a hole to
take a temperature probe as a guide to the object temperature.
Where possible, the probe is put in the object or at least in the centre of a
wrapped pack.
Another question
Does anyone have specific information or recommendation on treatment
times/temperatures for termites?
We don’t have termites here in the UK but have had a request for advice for
material coming into the UK and we have no experience here
Are they killed at standard treatments and how effective is anoxia using C02.
Do they need the ‘shock treatment’ ie suddenly plunged into a freezer
Any advice would be appreciated
Adie Doyle
Mr Adrian (Adie) Doyle
Integrated Pest Management Manager
British Museum
Property & Facilities Management
Great Russell Street,
London WC1B 3DG
Tel: 020 7323 8207
Mobile 07813 363292
Also available by Radio
Email: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
The British Museum
Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG
britishmuseum.org<http://www.britishmuseum.org/>
The security classification for this message is OFFICIAL
From: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
[mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of Angelica Isa-Adaniya
Sent: 03 May 2019 20:54
To: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
Subject: Re: [pestlist] Freeze once or freeze twice?
Hi Gretchen,
No, it is not self-defrosting. In fact, the frost builds up on the walls a bit
so that I have put some foam there to protect the bagged items from it, and I
make sure to manually defrost and clean it whenever it is empty so that the ice
does not build up over time.
I do an immediate freeze from room temperature to -30ºC and then allow objects
to defrost at room temperature for at least a day before opening the bag. There
have been times when I was busy and left the bag sealed on the lab bench for a
good week or so, only to find fresh frass and even live larvae when I finally
got round to inspecting. I saw no holes in the bag to suggest a new, external
infestation. So as Rich said, I say this based on personal experience, not
controlled experiments.
I'm aware it doesn't seem to make sense and that the articles and theory don't
necessarily support it, but what can I say. This is what we see with T.
herbarius here, which is not a beetle that shows up on the literature as far as
I have found. As others have mentioned regarding odd beetles being seemingly
resistant as opposed to other beetles, I can only imagine this is a similar
case where T. herbarius happens to be particularly resilient. I hope none of
you ever get it where you work because it is a nightmare of a beetle!
Thank you all for the input and information. It's really helpful!
Angelica
On Fri, 3 May 2019 at 14:18, Anderson, Gretchen
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
Angelica,
Is your freezer self-defrosting? A self-defrosting freezer defrosts by raising
the temperature, thus creating a cycle of warming and cooling – this can affect
the kill rates.
Research over the past 30 (+) years has demonstrated that a double freeze is
not necessary to achieve the kill rate. The more often you freeze the more
likely the pests are to develop anti-freeze tendencies – actually you are
mimicking natural freeze thaw cycles. In general, we feel that a fast freeze
(do not cool down the objects in a refrigerator) and a slow thaw is best. The
critical temperature is – 20 C, but you can go colder (See Tom Strang
articles). Once the object is in the freezer, leave it there for longer than
you think necessary (if you can). The other key factor is to double bag items.
This will significantly reduce moisture loss.
There was research some years ago out of Sweden about freezing as pest control.
Preliminary findings were that even if eggs hatched after being frozen – but
the DNA seemed to be damaged, and Gretchen Anderson
Conservator
Carnegie Museum of Natural History.
From: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> On Behalf Of
Angelica Isa-Adaniya
Sent: Friday, May 3, 2019 2:40 PM
To: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
Subject: Re: [pestlist] Freeze once or freeze twice?
I have also had to re-freeze (not very dense) objects infested with Tricorynus
herbarius beetles even though I keep things in the freezer at -30ºC for up to 3
weeks, and I always place objects in directly into the -30ºC temperature. 😐
During the episode I told you about last year where the beetles were making
their way into the freezer, they always woke up within about 10mins when I
pulled them out for examination. Obviously, I don't know how long they had been
in there before I pulled them out, so it could have been just a short time, but
I don't take chances with these anymore.
I guess some of these insects are just crazy resistant?
- Angelica
On Fri, 3 May 2019 at 11:33, Pollack, Richard J
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
Todd,
Generally, the faster the temperature drops, the more likely the pests will
succumb. Many cold-hearty arthropods will, indeed, modify the osmolality if
their hemolymph, and there may be intracellular protective strategies that
offer protection from ice crystal formation and resultant tissue damage. Slowly
chilling some of these arthropods can induce the physiological changes. Hence,
a rapid freeze is often most successful in causing the demise of the target
pests.
In the case I mentioned earlier, we believe that odd beetle eggs may be more
freeze tolerant then the eggs of other pests. This belief is based on
observations and experience (failure from a single freeze/thaw events), rather
than carefully-crafted laboratory studies. Whereas the lab studies would be
preferable, independent observations here suffice (for now) to convince us that
a the second freeze/thaw cycle seems justified.
I'd encourage others to provide data or their own observations, as those might
serve to modify our recommendations.
-Rich
Richard J. Pollack, PhD
HARVARD UNIVERSITY
Environmental Health and Safety (EH&S)
Senior Environmental Public Health Officer
46 Blackstone St.
Cambridge, MA 02139
Office: 617-495-2995 Cell: 617-447-0763
www.ehs.harvard.edu<http://www.ehs.harvard.edu>
[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
________________________________
From: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> on behalf of Todd
Holmberg <[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>>
Sent: Friday, May 3, 2019 12:01 PM
To: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
Subject: Re: [pestlist] Freeze once or freeze twice?
For the group that believes a second freezing is necessary, is it because of
how some insects can apparently create some sort of internal antifreeze like
material that can allow them to come back to life after being frozen? The
second freeze then kind of "catches them by surprise" in a way as they are
unthawing thinking "winter is over". (Is that the general theory?)
I have been told that as long as the freezer temp is already at -30 when the
object is placed inside, the rate that the object cools down is rapid enough to
prevent insects from protecting themselves with the antifreeze.
Hypothetically, if you are freezing wood that is pretty thick/dense, and wood
boring beetles had burrowed deep into the object near the center, could the
thickness of the wood give those insects near the center a little extra time to
protect themselves? Would this type of scenario benefit from a "double freeze"?
-Todd
On Fri, May 3, 2019 at 9:29 AM Voron, Joel
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
At -30 for 72 hours once is sufficient to kill all life stages of pests. JTV
Joel Voron Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Conservation Dept.
Integrated Pest Management
Office 757-220-7080<tel:757-220-7080>
Cell 757-634-1175<tel:757-634-1175>
E-Mail [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
On May 3, 2019, at 8:52 AM, Adrian Doyle
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
Dear all
Double freezing shouldn’t be necessary so long as the core temperature of the
object is at the correct temperature for the correct time
Adie
Mr Adrian (Adie) Doyle
Integrated Pest Management Manager
British Museum
Property & Facilities Management
Great Russell Street,
London WC1B 3DG
Tel: 020 7323 8207
Mobile 07813 363292
Also available by Radio
Email: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
The British Museum
Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG
britishmuseum.org<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.britishmuseum.org_&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=cOs2Cw5IGmVLWGTh6JqzlMKPhJAPJgeKrViPED0kNGM&e=>
The security classification for this message is OFFICIAL
From: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
[mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of Sharon Penton
Sent: 03 May 2019 13:51
To: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
Subject: [pestlist] Freeze once or freeze twice?
Good morning all,
Some of my colleagues are adamant about freezing collection twice when dealing
with pest. They freeze a first time then let everything get back to room
temperature for a day or so then freeze again. Is this common practice? I've
always thought if we can achieve a reliable -30 that should take care of all
adults larvae and eggs?
Would someone mind weighing in?
Thanks!
Sharon
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