Hi Adrian, I have had to deal with the pesty termites since coming back to the states. Though I've only treated a few objects I had success with both freezing at -30 and with using a CO2 bubble for 21 days. It's been over a year now and nothing has re-emerged. One of these was the actually shipping crate an object came in (the object was metal and glass thankfully but the crate was left in storage!) so it had to go in the CO2 bubble due to its size.
Hope that helps and thanks to everyone for providing your views on the the freeze once or twice question! Sharon Penton On Tue, May 7, 2019 at 9:54 AM Adrian Doyle <[email protected]> wrote: > Dear all > > > > For a standard to ensure the temperature is the correct level, we have a > variety of boxes which have packaging material, a wooden blockn with a hole > to take a temperature probe as a guide to the object temperature. > > > > Where possible, the probe is put in the object or at least in the centre > of a wrapped pack. > > > > Another question > > > > Does anyone have specific information or recommendation on treatment > times/temperatures for termites? > > > > We don’t have termites here in the UK but have had a request for advice > for material coming into the UK and we have no experience here > > > > Are they killed at standard treatments and how effective is anoxia using > C02. > > Do they need the ‘shock treatment’ ie suddenly plunged into a freezer > > > > Any advice would be appreciated > > Adie Doyle > > > > Mr Adrian (Adie) Doyle > > Integrated Pest Management Manager > > British Museum > > Property & Facilities Management > > Great Russell Street, > > London WC1B 3DG > > > > Tel: 020 7323 8207 > > Mobile 07813 363292 > > Also available by Radio > > > > Email: [email protected] > > > > *The British Museum* > > Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG > > britishmuseum.org <http://www.britishmuseum.org/> > > > > *The security classification for this message is OFFICIAL* > > > > > > > > > > > > *From:* [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] *On > Behalf Of *Angelica Isa-Adaniya > *Sent:* 03 May 2019 20:54 > *To:* [email protected] > *Subject:* Re: [pestlist] Freeze once or freeze twice? > > > > Hi Gretchen, > > > > No, it is not self-defrosting. In fact, the frost builds up on the walls a > bit so that I have put some foam there to protect the bagged items from it, > and I make sure to manually defrost and clean it whenever it is empty so > that the ice does not build up over time. > > > > I do an immediate freeze from room temperature to -30ºC and then allow > objects to defrost at room temperature for at least a day before opening > the bag. There have been times when I was busy and left the bag sealed on > the lab bench for a good week or so, only to find fresh frass and even live > larvae when I finally got round to inspecting. I saw no holes in the bag to > suggest a new, external infestation. So as Rich said, I say this based on > personal experience, not controlled experiments. > > > > I'm aware it doesn't seem to make sense and that the articles and theory > don't necessarily support it, but what can I say. This is what we see with > T. herbarius here, which is not a beetle that shows up on the literature as > far as I have found. As others have mentioned regarding odd beetles being > seemingly resistant as opposed to other beetles, I can only imagine this is > a similar case where T. herbarius happens to be particularly resilient. I > hope none of you ever get it where you work because it is a nightmare of a > beetle! > > > > Thank you all for the input and information. It's really helpful! > > > > Angelica > > > > On Fri, 3 May 2019 at 14:18, Anderson, Gretchen <[email protected]> > wrote: > > Angelica, > > Is your freezer self-defrosting? A self-defrosting freezer defrosts by > raising the temperature, thus creating a cycle of warming and cooling – > this can affect the kill rates. > > > > Research over the past 30 (+) years has demonstrated that a double freeze > is not necessary to achieve the kill rate. The more often you freeze the > more likely the pests are to develop anti-freeze tendencies – actually you > are mimicking natural freeze thaw cycles. In general, we feel that a fast > freeze (do not cool down the objects in a refrigerator) and a slow thaw is > best. The critical temperature is – 20 C, but you can go colder (See Tom > Strang articles). Once the object is in the freezer, leave it there for > longer than you think necessary (if you can). The other key factor is to > double bag items. This will significantly reduce moisture loss. > > > > There was research some years ago out of Sweden about freezing as pest > control. Preliminary findings were that even if eggs hatched after being > frozen – but the DNA seemed to be damaged, and Gretchen Anderson > > Conservator > > Carnegie Museum of Natural History. > > > > *From:* [email protected] <[email protected]> *On Behalf > Of *Angelica Isa-Adaniya > *Sent:* Friday, May 3, 2019 2:40 PM > *To:* [email protected] > *Subject:* Re: [pestlist] Freeze once or freeze twice? > > > > I have also had to re-freeze (not very dense) objects infested with > Tricorynus herbarius beetles even though I keep things in the freezer at > -30ºC for up to 3 weeks, and I always place objects in directly into the > -30ºC temperature. 😐 > > > > During the episode I told you about last year where the beetles were > making their way into the freezer, they always woke up within about 10mins > when I pulled them out for examination. Obviously, I don't know how long > they had been in there before I pulled them out, so it could have been just > a short time, but I don't take chances with these anymore. > > > > I guess some of these insects are just crazy resistant? > > > > - Angelica > > > > On Fri, 3 May 2019 at 11:33, Pollack, Richard J < > [email protected]> wrote: > > Todd, > > > > Generally, the faster the temperature drops, the more likely the pests > will succumb. Many cold-hearty arthropods will, indeed, modify the > osmolality if their hemolymph, and there may be intracellular protective > strategies that offer protection from ice crystal formation and > resultant tissue damage. Slowly chilling some of these arthropods can > induce the physiological changes. Hence, a rapid freeze is often most > successful in causing the demise of the target pests. > > > > In the case I mentioned earlier, we believe that odd beetle eggs may be > more freeze tolerant then the eggs of other pests. This belief is based on > observations and experience (failure from a single freeze/thaw events), > rather than carefully-crafted laboratory studies. Whereas the lab studies > would be preferable, independent observations here suffice (for now) to > convince us that a the second freeze/thaw cycle seems justified. > > > > I'd encourage others to provide data or their own observations, as those > might serve to modify our recommendations. > > > > -Rich > > > > *Richard J. Pollack, PhD* > > *HARVARD UNIVERSITY* > Environmental Health and Safety (EH&S) > Senior Environmental Public Health Officer > 46 Blackstone St. > Cambridge, MA 02139 > *Office*: 617-495-2995 *Cell*: 617-447-0763 > www.ehs.harvard.edu > > [email protected] > > > ------------------------------ > > *From:* [email protected] <[email protected]> on behalf > of Todd Holmberg <[email protected]> > *Sent:* Friday, May 3, 2019 12:01 PM > *To:* [email protected] > *Subject:* Re: [pestlist] Freeze once or freeze twice? > > > > For the group that believes a second freezing is necessary, is it because > of how some insects can apparently create some sort of internal antifreeze > like material that can allow them to come back to life after being frozen? > The second freeze then kind of "catches them by surprise" in a way as > they are unthawing thinking "winter is over". (Is that the general theory?) > > > > I have been told that as long as the freezer temp is already at -30 when > the object is placed inside, the rate that the object cools down is rapid > enough to prevent insects from protecting themselves with the antifreeze. > > > > Hypothetically, if you are freezing wood that is pretty thick/dense, and > wood boring beetles had burrowed deep into the object near the > center, could the thickness of the wood give those insects near the > center a little extra time to protect themselves? Would this type of > scenario benefit from a "double freeze"? > > > > -Todd > > > > On Fri, May 3, 2019 at 9:29 AM Voron, Joel <[email protected]> wrote: > > At -30 for 72 hours once is sufficient to kill all life stages of pests. > JTV > > > > > > *Joel Voron Colonial Williamsburg Foundation* > > Conservation Dept. > > Integrated Pest Management > > Office 757-220-7080 > > Cell 757-634-1175 > > E-Mail [email protected] > > > > > > > On May 3, 2019, at 8:52 AM, Adrian Doyle <[email protected]> wrote: > > Dear all > > Double freezing shouldn’t be necessary so long as the core temperature of > the object is at the correct temperature for the correct time > > Adie > > > > Mr Adrian (Adie) Doyle > > Integrated Pest Management Manager > > British Museum > > Property & Facilities Management > > Great Russell Street, > > London WC1B 3DG > > > > Tel: 020 7323 8207 > > Mobile 07813 363292 > > Also available by Radio > > > > Email: [email protected] > > > > *The British Museum* > > Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG > > britishmuseum.org > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.britishmuseum.org_&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=cOs2Cw5IGmVLWGTh6JqzlMKPhJAPJgeKrViPED0kNGM&e=> > > > > *The security classification for this message is OFFICIAL* > > > > > > > > > > *From:* [email protected] [mailto:[email protected] > <[email protected]>] *On Behalf Of *Sharon Penton > *Sent:* 03 May 2019 13:51 > *To:* [email protected] > *Subject:* [pestlist] Freeze once or freeze twice? > > > > Good morning all, > > > > Some of my colleagues are adamant about freezing collection twice when > dealing with pest. They freeze a first time then let everything get back to > room temperature for a day or so then freeze again. Is this common > practice? I've always thought if we can achieve a reliable -30 that should > take care of all adults larvae and eggs? > > Would someone mind weighing in? > > Thanks! > > Sharon > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Museumpests" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. > Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/pestlist > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_group_pestlist&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=pgLORCbA5vlzLkPV9KAO_R8b5FphuyxKDUTEU80TUTA&e=> > . > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/CALWceqtcq04tuBmBQP0uvpFfmNezUsXoCdFkWH4YMc%3DDYTP3KQ%40mail.gmail.com > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_d_msgid_pestlist_CALWceqtcq04tuBmBQP0uvpFfmNezUsXoCdFkWH4YMc-253DDYTP3KQ-2540mail.gmail.com-3Futm-5Fmedium-3Demail-26utm-5Fsource-3Dfooter&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=e0ZLMmdl5vHEsx-XscEWezpfxinDWq7tKiuLIVPkBwI&e=> > . > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_d_optout&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=FGpNtbcuiAjTD0XZ4dlHOptV18DFnjfgnVmm0MUW2ck&e=> > . > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Museumpests" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. > Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/pestlist > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_group_pestlist&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=pgLORCbA5vlzLkPV9KAO_R8b5FphuyxKDUTEU80TUTA&e=> > . > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/DB6PR0201MB238959630E1D44BF3297289EDD350%40DB6PR0201MB2389.eurprd02.prod.outlook.com > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_d_msgid_pestlist_DB6PR0201MB238959630E1D44BF3297289EDD350-2540DB6PR0201MB2389.eurprd02.prod.outlook.com-3Futm-5Fmedium-3Demail-26utm-5Fsource-3Dfooter&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=opHDyS7hXX4CVaduNaKOJdaeAjbt68ODoSNXQi7vOT4&e=> > . > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_d_optout&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=FGpNtbcuiAjTD0XZ4dlHOptV18DFnjfgnVmm0MUW2ck&e=> > . > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Museumpests" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. > Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/pestlist > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_group_pestlist&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=pgLORCbA5vlzLkPV9KAO_R8b5FphuyxKDUTEU80TUTA&e=> > . > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/9C51E7E8-C337-46D1-BE8C-A7CF7F7220DE%40cwf.org > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_d_msgid_pestlist_9C51E7E8-2DC337-2D46D1-2DBE8C-2DA7CF7F7220DE-2540cwf.org-3Futm-5Fmedium-3Demail-26utm-5Fsource-3Dfooter&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=23dyxQNfQWmtCmlvp2ECDlz7mB5gTRqQE3UPql6Jwfw&e=> > . > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_d_optout&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=FGpNtbcuiAjTD0XZ4dlHOptV18DFnjfgnVmm0MUW2ck&e=> > . > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Museumpests" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. > Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/pestlist > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_group_pestlist&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=pgLORCbA5vlzLkPV9KAO_R8b5FphuyxKDUTEU80TUTA&e=> > . > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/CAMxAh%2BgsmkWXSMXcUqf6yDpe15ikTX2Kg1oxUodbU5xykxbXFQ%40mail.gmail.com > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_d_msgid_pestlist_CAMxAh-252BgsmkWXSMXcUqf6yDpe15ikTX2Kg1oxUodbU5xykxbXFQ-2540mail.gmail.com-3Futm-5Fmedium-3Demail-26utm-5Fsource-3Dfooter&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=MMpsz4H5JqGQAMUAJxxJ0w3nnCahc91LjXeYyQwryh0&e=> > . > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout > <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__groups.google.com_d_optout&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=GO7C3XN3WgFy2IP-bFBbnUs_CYntqj57Dprtl40-_KE&m=HYc5B0R7euCxciXPUyhUN5Yp7PDC_pFjrS93rADVcRk&s=FGpNtbcuiAjTD0XZ4dlHOptV18DFnjfgnVmm0MUW2ck&e=> > . > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Museumpests" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. > Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/pestlist. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/BL0PR07MB4099B54FCFFAAE68084F402494350%40BL0PR07MB4099.namprd07.prod.outlook.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/BL0PR07MB4099B54FCFFAAE68084F402494350%40BL0PR07MB4099.namprd07.prod.outlook.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout. > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Museumpests" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. > Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/pestlist. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/CAAJvYjVPv21cjs%3Dz9eRU54t%3DUd%3D_3ix%2BjZg60GCHhDBBftdofw%40mail.gmail.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/CAAJvYjVPv21cjs%3Dz9eRU54t%3DUd%3D_3ix%2BjZg60GCHhDBBftdofw%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout. > > > > > The information contained in this message and/or attachments is intended > only for the person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain > confidential and/or privileged material. Any review, retransmission, > dissemination or other use of, or taking of any action in reliance upon, > this information by persons or entities other than the intended recipient > is prohibited. If you received this in error, please contact the sender and > delete the material from any system and destroy any copies. Any views > expressed in this message are those of the individual sender. > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Museumpests" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. > Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/pestlist. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/BYAPR02MB5736CEFB31BCE32A3E9DD82DBC350%40BYAPR02MB5736.namprd02.prod.outlook.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/BYAPR02MB5736CEFB31BCE32A3E9DD82DBC350%40BYAPR02MB5736.namprd02.prod.outlook.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout. > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Museumpests" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. > Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/pestlist. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/CAAJvYjWDXihdSyeFXc4beFkhJVHHTBfiFgyXRY4YbP8wRcVg%3DA%40mail.gmail.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/CAAJvYjWDXihdSyeFXc4beFkhJVHHTBfiFgyXRY4YbP8wRcVg%3DA%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout. > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Museumpests" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. > Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/pestlist. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/DB6PR0201MB238938B31A0D3FD59CC893C2DD310%40DB6PR0201MB2389.eurprd02.prod.outlook.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/DB6PR0201MB238938B31A0D3FD59CC893C2DD310%40DB6PR0201MB2389.eurprd02.prod.outlook.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout. > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Museumpests" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/pestlist. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pestlist/CALWceqtpkypKVjLy1t5xTDhj8kQMmJEHHMKPFtLHHDpi-6a%3D8A%40mail.gmail.com. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout.
