simple aja deh..klo gak ada liberalism..:
1. there will be no equality of right among ppl > Kebebasan adalah dasar
HAM, makanya klo gak da HAM maka yang ada malah perbudakan.
2. there will be no rule of law or supremacy of law > tanpa kebebasan maka
yang timbul dalam pemerintahan adalah otokrasi, bukannya hukum membatasi
kekuasaan penguasa tetapi penguasa adalah hukum.
3. there no freedom in speech n express an ideas.
4. there no economy freedom > gak bisa jadi orang kaya...:))..semuanya di
kontrol negara...
5. klo gak da liberalism, gak akan akan ada kebebasan berpikir..makanya
neg2 yang anti sama liberalism gak ada yang maju...bisa kasih contohnya
satu neg yang super maju karena anti liberalism...just in case gw
salah...:))
"RM Danardono
HADINOTO"
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the mainstream liberal current is not present in the country
concerned. The French liberals are close to the libertarians, but
most other European liberal parties do not share their main values.
Although these parties may adopt part of the libertarian agenda, many
European liberals see libertarianism as a distinct, opposing
political philosophy. Those who emphasize the distinction between
classical liberalism and libertarianism point out that even Adam
Smith believed a free market could not satisfy all the demands of a
society.
Furthermore, some (Haworth, 1994, pp. 27) argue that libertarianism
and liberalism are fundamentally incompatible because the checks and
balances provided by liberal institutions conflict with the support
by most libertarians of complete economic deregulation. It may be
argued, however, that some sorts of libertarians called minarchists
(at least, those allowing for taxation and/or similar means to
support a government) are not necessarily in favor of complete
economic deregulation in the first place. (See main article:
Libertarianism).
The other form of liberal fundamentalism is sometimes referred to as
neo-Jacobin, and sometimes as "Enlightenment fundamentalism" [5]. It
arises as a reaction to radical theocracy (such as "Islamism") and
its perceived apologists (so-called "multiculturalism").
Enlightenment fundamentalism fits in a tradition of resistance and
suspicion towards organized religion which can be found in much of
Enlightenment thinking. An outspoken proponent of this tradition is
the Dutch Liberal parliamentarian Ayaan Hirsi Ali.
The reference to neo-Jacobinism is problematic, since most present-
day liberals wouldn't feel friendly to Jacobinism because of its
illiberal terror regime. Indeed, it is arguable whether or not the
Enlightenment Fundamentalist's attacks on multiculturalism are
themselves anti-liberal, given the place of rational tolerance within
the liberal tradition (i.e., Locke's "Letter Concerning Toleration").
[edit]
Liberal conservatism
see main article Liberal conservatism.
Liberal conservatism is a hybrid of economic liberalism and
conservative social philosophy. This strain often emerged in
countries with strong socialist and/or labour parties, and is often
strongly influenced by the writings of Edmund Burke. Examples include
the Reform Party of Canada, Canadian Alliance, Fine Gael (Republic of
Ireland), Party of the Liberal Front (Brazil), Moderate Party
(Sweden), the Liberal Democratic Party (Japan), and the Liberal Party
of Australia.
[edit]
Neoliberalism
See main article Neoliberalism.
Neoliberalism is an economic ideology rather than a broader political
ideology. The swing away from government action in the 1970s led to
the introduction of this term, which refers to a program of reducing
trade barriers and internal market restrictions as a way towards a
more free market capitalist system. It does accept a certain degree
of government involvement in the economy, particularly the acceptance
of the need for a central bank and a capable national defense, but it
seeks to reduce government regulation (and particularly taxes) as
much as possible. While neoliberalism is sometimes described as
overlapping with Thatcherism, economists as diverse as Joseph
Stiglitz and Milton Friedman have been described — by others —
as "neoliberal". This economic agenda is not necessarily combined
with a liberal agenda in politics: neoliberals often do not subscribe
to individual liberty on ethical issues or in sexual mores. An
extreme example was the Pinochet regime in Chile, but some will also
classify Ronald Reagan, Margaret Thatcher, Tony Blair or Gerhard
Schröder as being neo-liberal.
It should be noted that, in the 1990s, many social democratic parties
adopted neoliberal economic policies such as extensive privatization
and open markets, much to the dismay of many of their own voters.
This has led these parties to become de facto neoliberal, and has
often resulted in a drastic loss of popular support. For example,
critics to the left of the German Social Democratic Party and the
British Labour Party accuse them of pursuing neoliberal policies.
Some conservatives see themselves as the true inheritors of classical
liberalism. Jonah Goldberg of National Review argues that "most
conservatives are closer to classical liberals than a lot of Reason
(magazine)-libertarians" because conservatives want to preserve some
institutions that they see as needed for liberty.[6] Further
confusing the classification of liberalism and conservatism is that
some conservatives claim liberal values as their own.
See also
Anarcho-capitalism
Libertarianism
Market liberalism
Freiwirtschaft
Modern liberalism
Neoliberalism
Methodological Individualist
Ordoliberalism
Small-l liberal
Left-wing politics
Social liberalism
Anders Chydenius
Liberal Christianity
Classic liberalism
Classical liberalism
[edit]
Further reading on liberalism
The literature by thinkers contributing to liberal theory is listed
at the Contributions to liberal theory.
in English
The future of liberal revolution / Bruce Ackerman - New Haven: Yale
University Press, 1992
Left and Right: The Prospects of Liberty / Murray N. Rothbard, 1965
Liberalism and Democracy / Norberto Bobbio - London: Verso, 1990
(Liberalismo e democrazia, 1988)
Liberalism / John A. Hall - London: Paladin, 1988
The Decline of Liberalism as an Ideology / John H. Hallowell -
London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1946
Liberalism / Ludwig von Mises, 1927
in Dutch
Beleid voor een vrije samenleving / J.W. de Beus en Percy B. Lehning
(red.) - Meppel: Boom, 1990
Afscheid van de Verlichting: Liberalen in verwarring over eigen
gedachtengoed / Hans Charmant en Percy Lehning - Amsterdam: Donner,
1989
Liberalisme, een speurtocht naar de filosofische grondslagen / A.A.M.
Kinneging e.a. - Den Haag: Teldersstichting, 1988
De liberale speurtocht voortgezet / K. Groenveld, H.J. Lutke
Schipholt & J.H.C. van Zanen - Den Haag: Teldersstichting, 1989
Het menselijk liberalisme / Dirk Verhofstadt - Antwerpen: Houtekiet,
2002
in French
Le libéralisme / Georges Burdeu - Paris: Seuil, 1979
in German
Die Freiheit die wir meinen / Werner Becker - München: Piper, 1982
Noch eine chance für die Liberalen / Karl-Hermann Flach - Frankfurt:
Fischer, 1971
Liberalismus / Lothar Gall - Königstein: Athenäum, 1985
[edit]
Some references
Michael Scott Christofferson "An Antitotalitarian History of the
French Revolution: François Furet's Penser la Révolution française in
the Intellectual Politics of the Late 1970s" (in French Historical
Studies, Fall 1999)
Piero Gobetti La Rivoluzione liberale. Saggio sulla lotta politica in
Italia, Bologna, Rocca San Casciano, 1924
[edit]
External links
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Liberalism, by Gerald F. Gaus
On John Dewey's Liberalism and Social Action
Peter Berkowitz on "Modern Liberalism"
French Liberalism in the 18th and 19th century
What's the Matter With Liberalism, political theorist Ronald Beiner's
classic critique
The program of liberalism, Ludwig von Mises
The Oxford Manifesto of 1947
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalism";
----------
Naaahhhh, gimana?
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