[HS] Identification des caractères unicode dans Vim (Re: Bridge: config manuelle OK mais KO par /etc/network/interfaces [RESOLU])

[Sébastien NOBILI]

Bonjour,

Le 2023-05-19 16:47, Olivier a écrit :

À l'origine, le fichier était généré par un script Ansible.
À l'oeil nu, avec vim, il ne présentait aucune anomalie visible.
À l'évidence, il me semble indispensable d'utiliser un éditeur qui
m'aiderait à repérer des caractères cachés.


Et voilà :)

https://github.com/vim-utils/vim-troll-stopper

Sébastien

Re: netmask question

[tomas]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 07:48:46PM -0400, gene heskett wrote:
> On 5/22/23 15:04, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:

[...]

> > That's right, but then they go 0 .. 2^8 - 1. 2^8 is still 256, Tim does
> > have a point there :-)
> > 
> I don't see it, 255 is all 8 bits set, 256 is all 8 bits cleared and carry
> set.

You cheated: that's 9 bits :)

Cheers
-- 
t


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Re: netmask question

[tomas]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 08:26:47PM -0400, Dan Ritter wrote:
> Tom Reed wrote: 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > If I know the network addr:  192.168.1.0
> > And know the broadcast addr: 192.168.1.255
> > Then I should have the possibility to cal the netmask addr: 255.255.255.0
> > 
> > Isn't it?
> 
> 
> No. What's the netmask if you have:
> 
> IP: 192.168.255.132
> broadcast: 192.168.255.255 ?

See my other post: I think Tom means the "subnet address", which
by convention is the "subnet address" in the sense of [1].

I don't know whether there is an accepted RFC for that, but it
seems to be current practice (there are proposals to get rid of
that one [2], which actually doesn't make any sense, but IPv6
would be the better way to go anyway :)

I see Greg and you interpreted Tom's "net addr" as "the internet
address of the host in question". I think it's meant as the
"subnet address" in the sense of [1]. It seems a relic from BSD,
which seems to have used it /also/ as broadcast. These days it
is a disfunctional appendage mainly used to torture networking
students, but it's there with a big sign "DON'T STEP ON IT" ;-)

Cheers

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4#First_and_last_subnet_addresses
[2] https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-intarea-schoen-lowest-address-00.html
-- 
t


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Re: netmask question

[tomas]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 08:08:26PM -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Tue, May 23, 2023 at 07:39:21AM +0800, Tom Reed wrote:
> > For a given ipv4, if I know net addr and broadcast addr, how will I
> > calculate the netmask?
> 
> I hope this is a theoretical question, because this is backwards.
> Normally you would specify the IP address and the netmask, and the
> software would calculate a broadcast address for you.
> 
> The question you asked has no unique solution in the general case.
> Consider that you have the IPv4 address 10.0.255.42 and the broadcast
> address 10.0.255.255.
> 
> Now, the netmask *could* be /24.  That would make 10.0.255.* the network
> address, and setting all the non-network bits to 1 gives you the
> broadcast address 10.0.255.255.
> 
> But the netmask could also be /22.  That would make the network
> address range 10.0.252.0 through 10.0.255.255.
> 
> In fact, the netmask could be anything from /17 to /24 inclusive.  You
> can't deduce it from the available information.
> 
> That's why you specify the netmask up front.  You have to know it.

Unless... Tom's "net addr" was meant to be "network address", which
(first by convention, now by RFC) has all zeros for the host part.

In that case, it's easy: from the network address to the broadcast
address, exactly the host bit parts change (from 0 to 1), so

   = NOT (  XOR )

with the customary bitwise operators NOT and XOR.

Only Tom knows now :)

Cheers
-- 
t


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Help with Optimus and external monitor use

[Bob McGowan]

Hi,

I have an Asus Tuf Gaming laptop which has an Optimus configuration, 
with an AMD GPU rather than Intel.


I'm running Debian 11.7

I do not have any of the "other" auxiliary software tools installed, 
such as Primus (primusrun...).


When I run glxgears -info, I see it using the AMD GPU as expected.

Setting __NV_PRIME_RENDER_OFFLOAD_PROVIDER=NVIDIA-G0 
__GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME=nvidiaas described in the Debian Wiki 
 
and then running glxgears -info shows it is using the Nvidia GPU, as 
expected.


My problem is that what I want is to use the external HDMI with an 
external monitor.


So in the section of the Wiki page titled "PRIME Render Offload with an 
External Display", I followed the instructions to run nvidia-xconfig 
(had to install it first).


That failed. :(

I finally took a look at Xorg.0.logand discovered the following error:

   [  5116.917] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia"
   [  5116.917] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nvidia
   [  5116.917] (EE) Failed to load module "nvidia" (module does not
   exist, 0)

What "module" is this referring to?

The kernal module is loaded:

   $ lsmod | grep nvidia
   nvidia_modeset   1204224  1
   nvidia  35528704  19 nvidia_modeset
   drm   630784  19
   gpu_sched,drm_kms_helper,nvidia,amdgpu,ttm

Do I have an incorrect X "driver" and if so, what do I need to 
remove/install?


Thanks for your help.

Bob

Re: netmask question

[Dan Ritter]

> > Why are you asking these questions?  What's your ACTUAL issue?
> >
> 
> IIRC, last year my ISP gives me 8 IPv4, they said the first is network
> addr, the last is broadcast addr, then I have to calculate the netmask by
> myself.


Well, they told you the additional necessary information: 8
addresses.

2^3 = 8
32 - 3 = 29
They gave you a /29.
The netmask is 255.255.255.248

The package you want to install is sipcalc:

$ sipcalc 123.234.22.1/29

-[ipv4 : 123.234.22.1/29] - 0

[CIDR]
Host address- 123.234.22.1
Host address (decimal)  - 2078938625
Host address (hex)  - 7BEA1601
Network address - 123.234.22.0
Network mask- 255.255.255.248
Network mask (bits) - 29
Network mask (hex)  - FFF8
Broadcast address   - 123.234.22.7
Cisco wildcard  - 0.0.0.7
Addresses in network- 8
Network range   - 123.234.22.0 - 123.234.22.7
Usable range- 123.234.22.1 - 123.234.22.6


-dsr-

Re: netmask question

[Dan Purgert]

On May 22, 2023, gene heskett wrote:
> On 5/22/23 15:04, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> > On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 12:16:09PM -0400, gene heskett wrote:
> > > On 5/22/23 03:32, Tim Woodall wrote:
> > > > On Mon, 22 May 2023, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> > > > 
> > > >    number; for (human) display it is subdivided into four 8 bit chunks
> > > > > (called "octets" for obvious reasons), and those octets only can
> > > > > go from 0 to 255 (since 2^8 == 255).
> > > > > 
> > > > Nit, but 2^8 is 256.
> > > > 
> > > > .
> > > The octets count from base 0 Tim.
> > 
> > That's right, but then they go 0 .. 2^8 - 1. 2^8 is still 256, Tim does
> > have a point there :-)
> > 
> I don't see it, 255 is all 8 bits set, 256 is all 8 bits cleared and carry
> set.

In "natural counting", 2^8 is 256.  (1, 2, 3, 4, ... , 256).

However, you're correct in that the 256 possible values for an 8-bit
number in computing are 0-255. (i.e. 0 to (2^8)-1)

-- 
|_|O|_|
|_|_|O| Github: https://github.com/dpurgert
|O|O|O| PGP: DDAB 23FB 19FA 7D85 1CC1  E067 6D65 70E5 4CE7 2860


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Re: netmask question

[Tom Reed]

> On Tue, May 23, 2023 at 08:24:10AM +0800, Tom Reed wrote:
>> Sorry for my newbie question too.
>>
>> If I know the network addr:  192.168.1.0
>> And know the broadcast addr: 192.168.1.255
>> Then I should have the possibility to cal the netmask addr:
>> 255.255.255.0
>>
>> Isn't it?
>
> Not necessarily.  PROBABLY yes, but you can't be certain.
>
> The netmask in this example could be either /23 or /24.
>
> Why are you asking these questions?  What's your ACTUAL issue?
>

IIRC, last year my ISP gives me 8 IPv4, they said the first is network
addr, the last is broadcast addr, then I have to calculate the netmask by
myself.

regards.



-- 
sent from https://dkinbox.com/

Re: Bookworm soft lockup

[Christian Gelinek]

It happened again (see journal entries below), so I'm going to try your 
workaround and see if that helps.


On Wed, 17 May 2023 02:12:32 +0100, Philip Wyett wrote:

A little research shows that this is not that uncommon. A suggested 
workaround is to disable the

power management for the device as follows.

Create a file (such as): 
/etc/modprobe.d/snd-intel-disable-power-management.conf


Add the following line: options snd_hda_intel power_save=0

Reboot.

Hopefully this may assist.


Thanks for the suggestion.

Journal of the most recent lockup below:

May 19 23:17:01 gar CRON[1902]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened 
for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 19 23:17:01 gar CRON[1903]: (root) CMD (cd / && run-parts --report 
/etc/cron.hourly)
May 19 23:17:01 gar CRON[1902]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed 
for user root
May 19 23:19:00 gar kernel: snd_hda_intel :04:00.0: Unable to change 
power state from D3hot to D0, device inaccessible
May 19 23:19:03 gar kernel: [drm:fw_domains_get_with_fallback [i915]] 
*ERROR* render: timed out waiting for forcewake ack to clear.
May 19 23:19:03 gar kernel: i915 :03:00.0: [drm:add_taint_for_CI 
[i915]] CI tainted:0x9 by fw_domains_get_with_fallback+0x20c/0x230 [i915]
May 19 23:19:07 gar kernel: [drm:fw_domains_get_with_fallback [i915]] 
*ERROR* render: timed out waiting for forcewake ack to clear.
May 19 23:19:07 gar kernel: i915 :03:00.0: [drm:add_taint_for_CI 
[i915]] CI tainted:0x9 by fw_domains_get_with_fallback+0x20c/0x230 [i915]

May 19 23:19:09 gar kernel: hrtimer: interrupt took 252466511 ns
May 19 23:19:11 gar kernel: [drm:fw_domains_get_with_fallback [i915]] 
*ERROR* render: timed out waiting for forcewake ack to clear.
May 19 23:19:11 gar kernel: i915 :03:00.0: [drm:add_taint_for_CI 
[i915]] CI tainted:0x9 by fw_domains_get_with_fallback+0x20c/0x230 [i915]
May 19 23:19:15 gar kernel: [drm:fw_domains_get_with_fallback [i915]] 
*ERROR* gt: timed out waiting for forcewake ack to clear.
May 19 23:19:15 gar kernel: i915 :03:00.0: [drm:add_taint_for_CI 
[i915]] CI tainted:0x9 by fw_domains_get_with_fallback+0x20c/0x230 [i915]
May 19 23:19:16 gar kernel: i915 :03:00.0: [drm] *ERROR* CT: 
Corrupted descriptor head=4294967295 tail=4294967295 status=0x

-- Boot 4540f787dd2341cea70a75aac62b1843 --
May 23 09:24:43 gar kernel: Linux version 6.1.0-9-amd64 
(debian-ker...@lists.debian.org) (gcc-12 (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, GNU 
ld (GNU Binutils for Debian) 2.40) #1 SMP P>


Thank you for your time!

Christian

Re: netmask question

[Timothy M Butterworth]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 8:24 PM Tom Reed  wrote:

>
>
> > Tom Reed wrote:
> >>
> >> >
> >> > That's right, but then they go 0 .. 2^8 - 1. 2^8 is still 256, Tim
> >> does
> >> > have a point there :-)
> >> >
> >>
> >> For a given ipv4, if I know net addr and broadcast addr, how will I
> >> calculate the netmask?
> >
> >
> > You can't.
> >
>
> Hello
>
> Sorry for my newbie question too.
>
> If I know the network addr:  192.168.1.0
> And know the broadcast addr: 192.168.1.255
> Then I should have the possibility to cal the netmask addr: 255.255.255.0
>
> Isn't it?
>

That is correct.



>
> --
> sent from https://dkinbox.com/
>
>

-- 
⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org/
⠈⠳⣄⠀⠀

Re: netmask question

[Greg Wooledge]

On Tue, May 23, 2023 at 08:24:10AM +0800, Tom Reed wrote:
> Sorry for my newbie question too.
> 
> If I know the network addr:  192.168.1.0
> And know the broadcast addr: 192.168.1.255
> Then I should have the possibility to cal the netmask addr: 255.255.255.0
> 
> Isn't it?

Not necessarily.  PROBABLY yes, but you can't be certain.

The netmask in this example could be either /23 or /24.

Why are you asking these questions?  What's your ACTUAL issue?

Re: netmask question

[Dan Ritter]

Tom Reed wrote: 
> 
> 
> 
> If I know the network addr:  192.168.1.0
> And know the broadcast addr: 192.168.1.255
> Then I should have the possibility to cal the netmask addr: 255.255.255.0
> 
> Isn't it?


No. What's the netmask if you have:

IP: 192.168.255.132
broadcast: 192.168.255.255 ?

-dsr-

Re: laptop stopped getting to desktop after latest updates

[Gary Dale]

Share with the Debian community
the X server logs  of "Debian" and "systemrescuecd".


Groeten
Geert Stappers


First is the log from a session that failed. Below is a log from a 
previous session that worked. Sorry, didn't get one from a 
systemrescuecd session - I thought I'd copied it to a network share but 
now I can't find it...



[    15.585]
X.Org X Server 1.21.1.7
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[    15.585] Current Operating System: Linux Aspect23 6.1.0-9-amd64 #1 
SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian 6.1.27-1 (2023-05-08) x86_64
[    15.585] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-6.1.0-9-amd64 
root=UUID=9562e6ee-0942-46a6-abdd-2e3a1a3a80bb ro quiet

[    15.585] xorg-server 2:21.1.7-3 (https://www.debian.org/support)
[    15.585] Current version of pixman: 0.42.2
[    15.585]     Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
    to make sure that you have the latest version.
[    15.585] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default 
setting,

    (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
    (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
[    15.585] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Mon May 22 
12:43:47 2023

[    15.585] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[    15.585] (==) No Layout section.  Using the first Screen section.
[    15.585] (==) No screen section available. Using defaults.
[    15.585] (**) |-->Screen "Default Screen Section" (0)
[    15.585] (**) |   |-->Monitor ""
[    15.585] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Default Screen Section".
    Using a default monitor configuration.
[    15.585] (==) Automatically adding devices
[    15.585] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[    15.585] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
[    15.585] (==) Automatically binding GPU devices
[    15.585] (==) Max clients allowed: 256, resource mask: 0x1f
[    15.585] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not 
exist.

[    15.585]     Entry deleted from font path.
[    15.585] (==) FontPath set to:
    /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
    /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled,
    /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled,
    /usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
    /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi,
    /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi,
    built-ins
[    15.585] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
[    15.585] (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input 
devices.
    If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable 
AutoAddDevices.

[    15.585] (II) Loader magic: 0x55b923332f00
[    15.585] (II) Module ABI versions:
[    15.585]     X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
[    15.585]     X.Org Video Driver: 25.2
[    15.585]     X.Org XInput driver : 24.4
[    15.585]     X.Org Server Extension : 10.0
[    15.586] (++) using VT number 7

[    15.586] (II) systemd-logind: logind integration requires -keeptty 
and -keeptty was not provided, disabling logind integration

[    15.586] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
[    15.586] (II) Platform probe for 
/sys/devices/pci:00/:00:01.1/:01:00.0/drm/card0
[    15.589] (--) PCI: (1@0:0:0) 10de:25a2:1043:16ad rev 161, Mem @ 
0xfb00/16777216, 0xfe/4294967296, 0xff/33554432, I/O 
@ 0xf000/128, BIOS @ 0x/524288
[    15.589] (--) PCI:*(6@0:0:0) 1002:1636:1043:16ad rev 198, Mem @ 
0xff1000/268435456, 0xff2000/2097152, 0xfc50/524288, I/O @ 
0xd000/256

[    15.589] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[    15.589] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
[    15.590] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[    15.590]     compiled for 1.21.1.7, module version = 1.0.0
[    15.590]     ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 10.0
[    15.590] (II) Applying OutputClass "nvidia" to /dev/dri/card0
[    15.590]     loading driver: nvidia
[    15.712] (==) Matched nvidia as autoconfigured driver 0
[    15.712] (==) Matched nouveau as autoconfigured driver 1
[    15.712] (==) Matched nv as autoconfigured driver 2
[    15.712] (==) Matched ati as autoconfigured driver 3
[    15.712] (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 4
[    15.712] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 5
[    15.712] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 6
[    15.712] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout
[    15.712] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia"
[    15.712] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nvidia_drv.so
[    15.713] (II) Module nvidia: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation"
[    15.713]     compiled for 1.6.99.901, module version = 1.0.0
[    15.713]     Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[    15.713] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau"
[    15.713] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nouveau_drv.so
[    15.713] (II) Module nouveau: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[    15.713]     compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 1.0.17
[    15.713]     Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[    15.713]     ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[    15.713] (II) LoadModule: "nv"
[    15.713] 

Re: netmask question

[Dan Ritter]

Tom Reed wrote: 
> 
> >
> > That's right, but then they go 0 .. 2^8 - 1. 2^8 is still 256, Tim does
> > have a point there :-)
> >
> 
> For a given ipv4, if I know net addr and broadcast addr, how will I
> calculate the netmask?


You can't.

You can assume that the broadcast address is the last usable
address in the subnet, but it's not unique.

The router sets the addressable area. Without knowledge of that,
you can't tell the difference between 10.3.255.243 being in a
/16, a /24, a /26...

In most networks, the router will tell you the information on
request via DHCP. In most IPv6 networks, the router will either
have DHCP or SLAAC (router solicitation/router advertisement_ available.

But most is not all.

-dsr-

Re: netmask question

[Tom Reed]

> Tom Reed wrote:
>>
>> >
>> > That's right, but then they go 0 .. 2^8 - 1. 2^8 is still 256, Tim
>> does
>> > have a point there :-)
>> >
>>
>> For a given ipv4, if I know net addr and broadcast addr, how will I
>> calculate the netmask?
>
>
> You can't.
>

Hello

Sorry for my newbie question too.

If I know the network addr:  192.168.1.0
And know the broadcast addr: 192.168.1.255
Then I should have the possibility to cal the netmask addr: 255.255.255.0

Isn't it?


-- 
sent from https://dkinbox.com/

Re: netmask question

[Timothy Butterworth]

On May 22, 2023, at 8:08 PM, Greg Wooledge  wrote:

>On Tue, May 23, 2023 at 07:39:21AM +0800, Tom Reed wrote:
>> For a given ipv4, if I know net addr and broadcast addr, how will I
>> calculate the netmask?
>I hope this is a theoretical question, because this is backwards.
>Normally you would specify the IP address and the netmask, and the
>software would calculate a broadcast address for you.
>The question you asked has no unique solution in the general case.
>Consider that you have the IPv4 address 10.0.255.42 and the broadcast
>address 10.0.255.255.
>Now, the netmask *could* be /24.  That would make 10.0.255.* the network
>address, and setting all the non-network bits to 1 gives you the
>broadcast address 10.0.255.255.
>But the netmask could also be /22.  That would make the network
>address range 10.0.252.0 through 10.0.255.255.

The network address is 10.0.252.0, the first address. The broadcast address is 
10.0.252.255, the last address. The host addresses are 10.0.252.1 - 254.

>In fact, the netmask could be anything from /17 to /24 inclusive.  You
>can't deduce it from the available information.
>That's why you specify the netmask up front.  You have to know it.

Re: netmask question

[Greg Wooledge]

On Tue, May 23, 2023 at 07:39:21AM +0800, Tom Reed wrote:
> For a given ipv4, if I know net addr and broadcast addr, how will I
> calculate the netmask?

I hope this is a theoretical question, because this is backwards.
Normally you would specify the IP address and the netmask, and the
software would calculate a broadcast address for you.

The question you asked has no unique solution in the general case.
Consider that you have the IPv4 address 10.0.255.42 and the broadcast
address 10.0.255.255.

Now, the netmask *could* be /24.  That would make 10.0.255.* the network
address, and setting all the non-network bits to 1 gives you the
broadcast address 10.0.255.255.

But the netmask could also be /22.  That would make the network
address range 10.0.252.0 through 10.0.255.255.

In fact, the netmask could be anything from /17 to /24 inclusive.  You
can't deduce it from the available information.

That's why you specify the netmask up front.  You have to know it.

Re: netmask question

[gene heskett]

On 5/22/23 15:04, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 12:16:09PM -0400, gene heskett wrote:

On 5/22/23 03:32, Tim Woodall wrote:

On Mon, 22 May 2023, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:

   number; for (human) display it is subdivided into four 8 bit chunks

(called "octets" for obvious reasons), and those octets only can
go from 0 to 255 (since 2^8 == 255).


Nit, but 2^8 is 256.

.

The octets count from base 0 Tim.


That's right, but then they go 0 .. 2^8 - 1. 2^8 is still 256, Tim does
have a point there :-)

I don't see it, 255 is all 8 bits set, 256 is all 8 bits cleared and 
carry set.



Cheers


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: netmask question

[Tom Reed]

>
> That's right, but then they go 0 .. 2^8 - 1. 2^8 is still 256, Tim does
> have a point there :-)
>

For a given ipv4, if I know net addr and broadcast addr, how will I
calculate the netmask?


-- 
sent from https://dkinbox.com/

Re: virtualisation

[David Christensen]

On 5/22/23 11:43, mick.crane wrote:

This is a request for best practice, perceived knowledge.
For one reason and another this PC/Workstation (what is the difference?)
boots in legacy mode. It was something to do with the SS usb port not 
booting the installer in EFI mode.

I forget exactly.
Anyway, it's a niggle that it is legacy mode and changing a working 
system seems a palaver.
As I have the /home stuff all being/copied onto another disk I thought 
I'd reinstall and try to get it tidy.



Why do you think legacy mode is untidy?


I do not use multi-boot; I install mobile racks in my computers and put 
each OS instance on its own drive.  This allows me to use BIOS/ MBR/ 
legacy mode, which is simpler to install and simpler to image/ clone:


1.  No UEFI boot variables/entries to create; BIOS/MBR detects devices 
connected to interfaces and I use Setup to set the boot order.  (I also 
set "Boot USB Devices First", so I can boot a live USB stick without 
having to touch Setup.)  In UEFI mode, I must use Setup to create a boot 
table entry that includes the correct bootloader file in the correct 
ESP.  Once I have a correct UEFI boot entry, then I can set the boot 
order.  These UEFI steps are inobvious if you have never heard of them, 
and there is more than one way to screw it up (pick the wrong ESP or 
wrong bootloader file).


2.  No ESP confusion.  I attempted to create a Debian bootable USB stick 
using d-i in "Install" mode on a computer with an NVMe drive and Windows 
10.  d-i did not ask me where to put GRUB; d-i automatically added 
entries into the ESP on the NVMe drive (!).  This made the USB flash 
drive unbootable in any other computer and made the boot table entry 
useless whenever the USB stick was not connected.


3.  No GPT secondary partition table.  I install BIOS/ MBR with a 1 GB 
boot partition, 1 GB encrypted swap partition, and 13 GB encrypted root 
partition.  Once I have Debian installed on a 16+ GB HDD, SSD, or USB 
flash drive, I can boot alternate media and copy the system drive from 
LBA 0 through the end of the root partition to a file on a USB HDD.  I 
can later reverse the process onto the same system device or onto any 
other 16+ GB device, and the restored Debian instance "just works". 
With GPT, there is a secondary/ backup partition table located at the 
end of the device.  This forces you into to less flexible imaging 
choices: copy the entire device and restore onto a device of exactly the 
same size, copy the entire device and fix the GPT secondary table after 
restoring onto a device of different size, copy from LBA 0 to the end of 
the root partition then add a GPT table after restore, copy LBA 0 
through the end of root in one piece, copy the GPT secondary table in 
another piece, restore the first piece, do the math, and restore the 
second piece, etc..




I thought to try this virtualisation.



Why?



Q1. Would openbox be the one to go for?
Things I use work happily on Bookworm but seems openbox is only 
available in Sid for now.
Should I try to build openbox or try to get it from Sid if OpenBox is 
what I want?

I have purchased 64Gb of this DIMM memory for the experimentation.

mick



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XY_problem


David

Re: video issue following latest bullseye update

[D. R. Evans]

Felix Miata wrote on 5/19/23 11:23:



How much time did you allow the login screen to show up? I've lately seen on


Somewhere between three and five minutes, I'd say. Certainly long after the 
disk light stopped flickering and the system seemed to have reached a stable 
state.




systemctl restart 


OK; so that would be:
  systemctl restart lightdm
Useful to know; thank you.




I reinstalled xserver-xorg-video-nouveau from the console, and (fortunately)
when I rebooted LDM came up as usual and I was able to log in as I normally
do. Obviously, the original issue still exists, but at least I got a graphical
display back.


If by that you mean back to 640x480 or 800x600 instead of your display's native


No; I didn't mean that. Sorry I wasn't clear. I meant that after reinstalling 
xserver-xorg-video-nouveau and rebooting, everything looked the way it did 
before I removed xserver-xorg-video-nouveau, so I was back exactly to what I 
was seeing when I first started this thread.




[1] Instead of driver removal/reinstallation, create file, or add following
content to existing file:

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-device.conf

Section "Device"
   Identifier "DDX"
Driver "modesetting"
#   Driver "nouveau"
EndSection



I have created that file, with those contents:



[ZB:~] cat /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-device.conf
Section "Device"
  Identifier "DDX"
Driver "modesetting"
#   Driver "nouveau"
EndSection
[ZB:~]



Do you really mean "DDX", not "DIX"? <

I made the edit according to your instructions (i.e., "DDX") but I'm not 
certain that your e-mail didn't contain a typo.



By simply moving the # to the other driver line, you can easily switch between
using the two display drivers by restarting your DM or rebooting.
Right now, the 50-device.conf file looks exactly as it does above but, and I 
have restarted lightdm by issuing:

  systemctl restart lightdm
from the console.

I currently get:



[ZB:~] sudo inxi -GSaz
System:Kernel: 5.10.0-23-amd64 x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 10.2.1
   parameters: BOOT_IMAGE=/BOOT/debian@/vmlinuz-5.10.0-23-amd64 
root=ZFS=/ROOT/debian ro root=ZFS=rpool/ROOT/debian
   Desktop: Trinity R14.1.1~[DEVELOPMENT] tk: Qt 3.5.0 info: kicker 
wm: Twin 3.0 dm: LightDM 1.26.0

   Distro: Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)
Graphics:  Device-1: NVIDIA GF108 [GeForce GT 430] vendor: Gigabyte driver: 
nouveau v: kernel bus ID: 04:00.0

   chip ID: 10de:0de1 class ID: 0300
   Display: server: X.Org 1.20.11 driver: loaded: nouveau unloaded: 
modesetting display ID: :0 screens: 1
   Screen-1: 0 s-res: 1920x1080 s-dpi: 96 s-size: 508x285mm 
(20.0x11.2") s-diag: 582mm (22.9")
   Monitor-1: HDMI-1 res: 1920x1080 hz: 60 dpi: 96 size: 509x286mm 
(20.0x11.3") diag: 584mm (23")

   OpenGL: renderer: NVC1 v: 4.3 Mesa 20.3.5 direct render: Yes



But I am still seeing the original problem I reported.

[I also did a test, just to prove to myself that what I'm seeing isn't due to 
some weird monitor problem (it's a pretty new monitor, and I wanted to be sure 
that somehow I hadn't just missed seeing the problem before I performed the 
update -- even though the issue is so obvious that I can't really believe that 
I wouldn't have noticed it before). I took a screenshot of a screen display 
that exhibited the problem (a konqueror file listing), and copied the file to 
another system that is attached to the same KVM switch.


When I display the screenshot image in this, my normal desktop system, I see 
the problem; when I look at the same image file on my other system -- which 
has NOT had the recent update applied -- the problem is absent, even though 
I'm viewing it on the very same monitor. So I am as sure as I can be that, as 
I believed, the recent bullseye update led to the issue.]


  Doc

--
Web:  http://enginehousebooks.com/drevans

Re: virtualisation

[Dan Ritter]

mick.crane wrote: 
> On 2023-05-22 20:10, Dan Ritter wrote:
> > mick.crane wrote:
> > > This is a request for best practice, perceived knowledge.
> > Try KVM/QEMU, which is available via the libvirt tools; the
> > primary graphical interface is virt-manager, and the primary CLI
> > is virsh.
> > 
> > -dsr-
> 
> This is like a "container" using the kernel from debian installation ?


Let's look at the landscape of partitioning, from least
separated to most.

a program running as root
a program running as a shared user
a program that starts as root and then drops capabilities to run
  as a dedicated user
a program running as a dedicated user
a program running as a dedicated user in a chroot jail
a program running in a container [uses the kernel namespaces
  feature to keep separation for filesystem, network access,
  CPUs]
a program running in a paravirtualized machine [OS calls are
  wrapped and passed through]
a program running in an emulated machine [everything is
  emulated]

libvirt can manage containers, paravirtualized machines, and
emulated machines. KVM/QEMU can handle the latter two.

-dsr-

Re: virtualisation

[mick.crane]

On 2023-05-22 20:10, Dan Ritter wrote:

mick.crane wrote:

This is a request for best practice, perceived knowledge.
For one reason and another this PC/Workstation (what is the 
difference?)

boots in legacy mode. It was something to do with the SS usb port not
booting the installer in EFI mode.
I forget exactly.
Anyway, it's a niggle that it is legacy mode and changing a working 
system

seems a palaver.
As I have the /home stuff all being/copied onto another disk I thought 
I'd

reinstall and try to get it tidy.
I thought to try this virtualisation.
Q1. Would openbox be the one to go for?
Things I use work happily on Bookworm but seems openbox is only 
available in

Sid for now.
Should I try to build openbox or try to get it from Sid if OpenBox is 
what I

want?
I have purchased 64Gb of this DIMM memory for the experimentation.


Openbox is a window manager.

You probably mean VirtualBox, and the answer is no.

Try KVM/QEMU, which is available via the libvirt tools; the
primary graphical interface is virt-manager, and the primary CLI
is virsh.

-dsr-


This is like a "container" using the kernel from debian installation ?

mick

Re: virtualisation

[Andrew M.A. Cater]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 02:35:52PM -0500, Mark Allums wrote:
> On 5/22/2023 2:10 PM, Dan Ritter wrote:
> > mick.crane wrote:
> > > This is a request for best practice, perceived knowledge.
> > > For one reason and another this PC/Workstation (what is the difference?)
> > > boots in legacy mode. It was something to do with the SS usb port not
> > > booting the installer in EFI mode.
> > > I forget exactly.
> > > Anyway, it's a niggle that it is legacy mode and changing a working system
> > > seems a palaver.
> > > As I have the /home stuff all being/copied onto another disk I thought I'd
> > > reinstall and try to get it tidy.
> > > I thought to try this virtualisation.
> > > Q1. Would openbox be the one to go for?
> > > Things I use work happily on Bookworm but seems openbox is only available 
> > > in
> > > Sid for now.
> > > Should I try to build openbox or try to get it from Sid if OpenBox is 
> > > what I
> > > want?
> > > I have purchased 64Gb of this DIMM memory for the experimentation.
> > Openbox is a window manager.
> > 
> > You probably mean VirtualBox, and the answer is no.
> 
> Why is VirtualBox a no?  I use it; it works  fine.
> 

Virtualbox is a no because of the security policy for bugfixes from Oracle.
This is the reason that it was removed from Debian stable and testing.

The virtualbox guest additions (if used) are also distributable but can
only be used subject to a personal licence acceptance.

KVM and virt-manager are assuredly a good and easy way to go.

All the very best, as ever,

Andy Cater
> 
> > Try KVM/QEMU, which is available via the libvirt tools; the
> > primary graphical interface is virt-manager, and the primary CLI
> > is virsh.
> > 
> > -dsr-
> > 
> Marl Allums
> 
> 

Re: virtualisation

[Mark Allums]

On 5/22/2023 2:10 PM, Dan Ritter wrote:

mick.crane wrote:

This is a request for best practice, perceived knowledge.
For one reason and another this PC/Workstation (what is the difference?)
boots in legacy mode. It was something to do with the SS usb port not
booting the installer in EFI mode.
I forget exactly.
Anyway, it's a niggle that it is legacy mode and changing a working system
seems a palaver.
As I have the /home stuff all being/copied onto another disk I thought I'd
reinstall and try to get it tidy.
I thought to try this virtualisation.
Q1. Would openbox be the one to go for?
Things I use work happily on Bookworm but seems openbox is only available in
Sid for now.
Should I try to build openbox or try to get it from Sid if OpenBox is what I
want?
I have purchased 64Gb of this DIMM memory for the experimentation.

Openbox is a window manager.

You probably mean VirtualBox, and the answer is no.


Why is VirtualBox a no?  I use it; it works  fine.



Try KVM/QEMU, which is available via the libvirt tools; the
primary graphical interface is virt-manager, and the primary CLI
is virsh.

-dsr-


Marl Allums

Re: virtualisation

[Dan Ritter]

mick.crane wrote: 
> This is a request for best practice, perceived knowledge.
> For one reason and another this PC/Workstation (what is the difference?)
> boots in legacy mode. It was something to do with the SS usb port not
> booting the installer in EFI mode.
> I forget exactly.
> Anyway, it's a niggle that it is legacy mode and changing a working system
> seems a palaver.
> As I have the /home stuff all being/copied onto another disk I thought I'd
> reinstall and try to get it tidy.
> I thought to try this virtualisation.
> Q1. Would openbox be the one to go for?
> Things I use work happily on Bookworm but seems openbox is only available in
> Sid for now.
> Should I try to build openbox or try to get it from Sid if OpenBox is what I
> want?
> I have purchased 64Gb of this DIMM memory for the experimentation.

Openbox is a window manager.

You probably mean VirtualBox, and the answer is no.

Try KVM/QEMU, which is available via the libvirt tools; the
primary graphical interface is virt-manager, and the primary CLI
is virsh.

-dsr-

Re: netmask question

[tomas]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 12:16:09PM -0400, gene heskett wrote:
> On 5/22/23 03:32, Tim Woodall wrote:
> > On Mon, 22 May 2023, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> > 
> >   number; for (human) display it is subdivided into four 8 bit chunks
> > > (called "octets" for obvious reasons), and those octets only can
> > > go from 0 to 255 (since 2^8 == 255).
> > > 
> > Nit, but 2^8 is 256.
> > 
> > .
> The octets count from base 0 Tim.

That's right, but then they go 0 .. 2^8 - 1. 2^8 is still 256, Tim does
have a point there :-)

Cheers
-- 
t


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

virtualisation

[mick.crane]

This is a request for best practice, perceived knowledge.
For one reason and another this PC/Workstation (what is the difference?)
boots in legacy mode. It was something to do with the SS usb port not 
booting the installer in EFI mode.

I forget exactly.
Anyway, it's a niggle that it is legacy mode and changing a working 
system seems a palaver.
As I have the /home stuff all being/copied onto another disk I thought 
I'd reinstall and try to get it tidy.

I thought to try this virtualisation.
Q1. Would openbox be the one to go for?
Things I use work happily on Bookworm but seems openbox is only 
available in Sid for now.
Should I try to build openbox or try to get it from Sid if OpenBox is 
what I want?

I have purchased 64Gb of this DIMM memory for the experimentation.

mick

Re : Re: outil libre et simple de discussion et de partage de ressources ?

[Hugues Larrive]

Bonjour,

La dernière fois que je me suis intéressé à ce sujet j'avais trouvé jami :
Description-en: Secure and distributed voice, video, and chat platform - 
desktop client
 Jami is an end-to-end encrypted secure and distributed voice, video,
 and chat communication platform that requires no central server and
 leaves the power of privacy and freedom in the hands of users.
 .
 To some degree Jami provides similar functionality like Telegram,
 BigBlueButton, Jitsi Meet, etc do.
 .
 Jami supports the following key features:
   * One-to-one conversations
   * File sharing
   * Audio calls and conferences
   * Video calls and conferences
   * Screen sharing in video calls and conferences
   * Recording and sending audio messages
   * Recording and sending video messages
   * Functioning as a SIP phone software
 .
 Jami client applications for several desktop and mobile operating
 systems and platforms are available on https://jami.net/, making
 Jami an interoperable, cross-platform communication framework.
 .

Je n'ai toujours pas eu l'occasion de le mettre en œuvre ou de le tester.

Quelqu'un à un retour d'expérience à partager sur jami ?

@+
Hugues

--- Original Message ---
Le dimanche 21 mai 2023 à 13:42, RogerT  a écrit :


> 

> 

> Excellent. Si Framasoft l’utilise…
> Merci.
> 

> > Le 19 mai 2023 à 12:25, Fab f...@kaz.bzh a écrit :
> > 

> > 'lut,
> > 

> > > Si on veut ou doit exclure Whatsapp, et même Signal/Telegram/etc. , quel 
> > > outil similaire et libre peut-on installer en un clin d’oeil sur un hôte 
> > > debian pour équiper un groupe de travail ?
> > > Mattermost ? c'est ce qu'utilise Framasoft pour les milliers d'équipes 
> > > qu'ils hébergent. Ainsi que de nombreux CHATONS.
> > 

> > a+
> > 

> > f.

publickey - hlarrive@pm.me - 0xE9429B87.asc
Description: application/pgp-keys


signature.asc
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: Bug Clamav #1027130

[Lamourec Alain]

Bonjour

Je n'utilise pas clamav. J'en éprouve pas le besoin.
Sur le lien, ce bug est résolu pour la version 1.0.0 (Debian Sid)

Donc pour ta version, il doit encore existé.
Comme mentionné, il faudrait rester à la version 
0.103.7+dfsg-0+deb11u1 pour ne pas l'avoir.


A+

Sil writes:


Bonjour la liste,

J'ai une alerte de bug grave pour la mise à jour des paquets 
Clamav
sur une installation stable amd64.  Elle fait référence à ce bug 
:


https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1027130

libclamav9: LibClamAV Error: Can't verify database integrity

Je ne comprend pas tout et ai l'impression que ce bug soit 
corrigé. Le
bug est déclaré sur la version 0.103.7 qui est déjà installée 
sur mon 
système et la mise à jour me propose de passer en 0.103.8.


Avez-vous fait la mise à jour ? Êtes-vous impactés ? Est-ce un
problème avec apt-listbugs ?

Par avance merci

Sil



--
Lamourec Alain

Re: netmask question

[gene heskett]

On 5/22/23 03:32, Tim Woodall wrote:

On Mon, 22 May 2023, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:

  number; for (human) display it is subdivided into four 8 bit chunks

(called "octets" for obvious reasons), and those octets only can
go from 0 to 255 (since 2^8 == 255).


Nit, but 2^8 is 256.

.

The octets count from base 0 Tim.

Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: nvidia package 340xx

[Hans]

Hi Richmond, 

I found this from https://packages.debian.org/sid/nvidia-legacy-340xx-driver[1]

"Building the kernel module has been tested up to Linux 6.2."

Ok, building does not really mean, it is working, only it is buildable.

The other information I mentioned ("it segfaults with qt-libs") I could not 
find any more. Maybe I 
saw it in the wiki and the wiki is now changed.

So, just stay with the Intel driver and NO Nvidia and No Optimus, sigh.

Best 

Hans

  
> Not really, but I found this website which says the driver supports
> kernels "up to" 5.4 which I guess means up to and including.
> 
> https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/3142/
> 
> But debian seems to drop after debian 10 because kernel is 5.10 ?
> 
> https://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers
> 
> I see here someone has patched the drivers:
> 
> https://github.com/MeowIce/nvidia-legacy
> 
> :-?
> 
> Ubuntu 20.04 supports kernel 5.4 until 2025. So I might try that after
> debian 10 expires.
> 
> https://wiki.ubuntu.com/FocalFossa/ReleaseNotes#Linux_Kernel
> 
> My card:
> 
> nvidia-detect
> Detected NVIDIA GPUs:
> 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation G86M [GeForce
> 8400M GS] [10de:0427] (rev a1)
> 
> Checking card:  NVIDIA Corporation G86M [GeForce 8400M GS] (rev a1)
> Your card is only supported up to the 340 legacy drivers series.
> It is recommended to install the
> nvidia-legacy-340xx-driver
> package.




[1] https://packages.debian.org/sid/nvidia-legacy-340xx-driver

Re: Solicito ayuda para instalar Debian en un Acer Aspire 9420 WSMi

[JavierDebian]

El 21/5/23 a las 15:49, Enric Hernández escribió:


El 21/05/2023 a las 19:59, Camaleón escribió:

El 2023-05-21 a las 19:37 +0200, Enric Hernández escribió:

Tengo planeado revivir este viejo portátil de 2006 con una 
arquitectura de
32 bits ( i386). Por lo que tengo visto es que es posible 
implementarle una

distro adecuada y que funcione bien. A continuación los datos técnicos:

(...)

Este portátil se prestçó en su día y tuvieron la mala idea de 
actualizar un

Linux Ubuntu a la versón 18.04 LTS por lo que quedó fuera de combate,
obviamente. Solicito consejos y/o ayuda para hacer que vuelva a 
funcionar en

la medida de lo posible

Quedo a vuestra disposición para aclararos cualquier duda que tengais

Muchas gracias por adelantado

¿Por qué quedó fuera de combate? :-?

No le veo problema.

Si puedes, ponle la mayor cantidad de RAM que admita y un disco más
gordo. Ande o no ande, caballo grande.

Carga una LiveCD de Debian estable¹ (preferiblemnete con escritorio
ligero, XFCE, LXQT, Mate, etc...) para qver qué problemas te da, antes
de instalar nada, y a correr.

Bueno, a andar O:-)

¹https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current-live/i386/iso-hybrid/

Saludos,





> Quedó inservible porque esas versiones de Ubuntu ya no dan soporte a
> arquitecturas de 32bits como la de este portátil.
> Aspire 9420 & TravelMate 5620 Series
Intel® Centrino® Duo mobile technology, featuring:
•
 Intel® CoreTM 2 Duo processor T7200/T7400/T7600 (4MB L2 cache, 2.0/ 
2.16/ 2.33GHz, 667MHz FSB)
and T5500/T5600 (2MB L2 cache, 1.66/ 1.83GHz, 667MHz FSB), supporting 
Intel® EM64T

•
 Mobile Intel® 945GM/PM Express chipset
•
 Intel® PRO/Wireless 3945ABG network connection (dual-band tri-mode 
802.11a/b/g) Wi-Fi CERTIFIEDTM

solution, supporting Acer SignalUpTM wireless technology
> Ya se le amplió la RAM a 4GB que es lo máximo, según el fabricante
>
> Lo llevaré a un informático de la ciudad por el tema HW, pero cargarle
> un CD-DVD no es posible porque mi portátil no tiene disquera (el Acer
> si, pero a saber si funciona bien después de todo este tiempo parado) y
> la memoria USB que preparé para convertirla en disco de arranque en el
> Acer no funciona bien
>
> Os iré informando de mis progresos
>
> Gracias por la ayuda
>


Buen día.

1 - No hagas "top posting", se pierde el hilo.

2 - Como vos mismo decís, y veo en el manual:
 Aspire 9420 & TravelMate 5620 Series
Intel® Centrino® Duo mobile technology, featuring:
 Intel® CoreTM 2 Duo processor T7200/T7400/T7600 (4MB L2 cache, 2.0/ 
2.16/ 2.33GHz, 667MHz FSB) and T5500/T5600 (2MB L2 cache, 1.66/ 1.83GHz, 
667MHz FSB), supporting Intel® EM64T

 Mobile Intel® 945GM/PM Express chipset

Eso es 64 bit, no entiendo tu frase "Tengo planeado revivir este viejo 
portátil de 2006 con una arquitectura de 32 bits (i386)."
Esa máquina es de 64 bits; ponerle un sistema de 32 a un procesador de 
64 es ridículo.


3 - 4GB de RAM en canal doble es lo máximo, como dice, bien puesta está 
y recomendable hacerlo.


4 - Te paso el link de algo que escribí y te va a servir:
https://wiki.debian.org/es/SSD/InstalarSSD

Prestar atención especial al enlace
https://www.genbeta.com/linux/cuando-linux-no-realmente-esa-grandiosa-opcion-para-devolverle-vida-a-ordenador-viejo-1

5 - Esa máquina va a andar muy bien si instalas un Debian "stable" con 
escritorio LxQt, navegador Firefox. No sé cómo estará la placa de video 
para ver Netflix o algo así, a veces las máquinas andan bien, pero la 
placa "on board" no tiene la potencia para manejar las "frames" de 
"streaming".

Pero CREO que no vas a tener problemas.
No pretendas procesar gráficos 3D en Blender

6 - Mi hija está usando una Lenovo G450 de hace 12 años para la 
universidad, programando en C++, y no tiene problemas. Está "tuneada" 
como dice la wiki que escribí. No se diferencia en mucho de la tuya. El 
disco SSD y cargar los /temp a memoria hacen la diferencia.

En tu caso, con 4GB, te recomiendo mantener una "swap" de por lo menos 8GB.

Espero te sirva.

Saludos.

JAP

Re: thermal drivers

[Charles Curley]

On Mon, 22 May 2023 10:29:41 +0200
Aleix Piulachs  wrote:

> I’m using a laptop ASU’s f75a i3 3110m with bullseye 11.7 and I can’t
> to activate the thermal drivers: fancontrol.service, fancontrol.pid,
> lm_sensors.service. fancontrol.pid I don’t know to configure it

Some modern computer firmware insists on retaining control of fans and
won't let the operating system so much as see them. And there are
computers that don't have any fans.

Assuming you have lm-sensors installed and have run sensors-detect, show
us what you get when you run "sensors | grep -i fan".

For example:

root@jhegaala:~# sensors | grep -i fan
fan1:   0 RPM
root@jhegaala:~# 



-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Re: netmask question

[tomas]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 06:11:50AM -0400, Timothy M Butterworth wrote:

[...]

> Point-to-point links should have  a mask of 255.255.255.252. This provides
> a Network, Broadcast and two host addresses.

In practice, I've seen both: /30 and /31. Wikipedia [1] quotes RFC3021,
which states /31 for that case:

  "As a special case, a /31 network has capacity for just two hosts.
   These networks are typically used for point-to-point connections.
   There is no network identifier or broadcast address for these
   networks"

Cheers

[1] 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol_Version_4#First_and_last_subnet_addresses

-- 
t


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Re: netmask question

[Dan Ritter]

cor...@free.fr wrote: 
> On 22/05/2023 11:08, Tim Woodall wrote:
> > On Mon, 22 May 2023, cor...@free.fr wrote:
> > > In CIDR a host address is xx.xx.xx.xx/32 which means 255.255.255.255.
> > > isn't it?
> > > 
> > 
> > It depends on what question you're asking.
> > 
> > An individual address is a /32, but a host address might be listed as a
> > /24 for example. This means there are 256 addresses that can be reached
> > without routing.
> 
> I see. thanks.
> In some use cases my configuration requires a host address with /32 for
> CIDR. such as postscreen whitelist stuff.
> 
> I know 192.168.1.0/24 means a C class.
> But 192.168.1.100/24 means what? C class or that separated address
> 192.168.1.100?



The C in CIDR stands for Classless; the Class system went away,
even though people still routinely (and slightly incorrectly)
talk about any /24 as a class C.

192.168.1.100/24 either means:

one IP, 192.168.1.100, with a /24 network mask to define the
network

or

the entirety of 192.168.1.*, but badly specified.

The first meaning is more usual.

-dsr-

Re: laptop stopped getting to desktop after latest updates

[Timothy M Butterworth]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 12:36 AM  wrote:

> On Sun, May 21, 2023 at 03:16:56PM -0400, Gary Dale wrote:
>
> [...]
>
> > I purged lightdm, rebooted and re-installed it but got the same errors.
> >
> > I don't believe this is a problem with lightdm because it is also
> happening
> > with gdm3 and sddm [...]
>
> Right: most probably it is the X server failing. The display manager
> (whichever one) will try to talk to X and fail consequently.
>
> Cheers
> --
> t
>

Try switching to terminal 2 `Ctrl, Alt amd F2` login as root and run startx
and see what messages you receive.
-- 
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⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org/
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Re: netmask question

[Timothy M Butterworth]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 6:12 AM  wrote:

> On 22/05/2023 11:08, Tim Woodall wrote:
> > On Mon, 22 May 2023, cor...@free.fr wrote:
> >
>
> >>
> >> Hello,
> >>
> >> In CIDR a host address is xx.xx.xx.xx/32 which means 255.255.255.255.
> >> isn't it?
> >>
> >
> > It depends on what question you're asking.
> >
> > An individual address is a /32, but a host address might be listed as a
> > /24 for example. This means there are 256 addresses that can be reached
> > without routing.
>
> I see. thanks.
> In some use cases my configuration requires a host address with /32 for
> CIDR. such as postscreen whitelist stuff.
>
> I know 192.168.1.0/24 means a C class.
> But 192.168.1.100/24 means what? C class or that separated address
> 192.168.1.100?
>

192.168.1.0/24 is the class C network address and 192.168.1.100/24 is the
class C host address. /24 is class C, /8 is Class A, /16 is Class B.


> kind regards
> Corey
>
>

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Re: netmask question

[Tim Woodall]

On Mon, 22 May 2023, Timothy M Butterworth wrote:


On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 3:41?AM Tim Woodall 
wrote:


On Sun, 21 May 2023, Timothy M Butterworth wrote:


The only address that should have a netmask of 255.255.255.255 is the
Loopback interface.



I don't much use ipv4 any more if I can avoid it but isn't it normal for
point-to-point links to have a netmask of 255.255.255.255?



Point-to-point links should have  a mask of 255.255.255.252. This provides
a Network, Broadcast and two host addresses.


Why? I'm not saying you cannot do this but I don't see what possible
advantage it offers.

The two cases I see are that you want the individual clients connecting
via p-t-p links to be able to talk in which case you probably want
something bigger than a /30 or you don't in which case a /32 is all you
need.

Re: netmask question

[Timothy M Butterworth]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 3:32 AM Tim Woodall 
wrote:

> On Mon, 22 May 2023, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
>
>   number; for (human) display it is subdivided into four 8 bit chunks
> > (called "octets" for obvious reasons), and those octets only can
> > go from 0 to 255 (since 2^8 == 255).
> >
> Nit, but 2^8 is 256.
>

In binary the first address is 0 which is all bits off. In a /24 network
the .0 is reserved for network addresses and 255 is reserved for broadcast
which means there are 254 usable host addresses!

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Re: netmask question

[Timothy M Butterworth]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 3:41 AM Tim Woodall 
wrote:

> On Sun, 21 May 2023, Timothy M Butterworth wrote:
>
> > The only address that should have a netmask of 255.255.255.255 is the
> > Loopback interface.
> >
>
> I don't much use ipv4 any more if I can avoid it but isn't it normal for
> point-to-point links to have a netmask of 255.255.255.255?
>

Point-to-point links should have  a mask of 255.255.255.252. This provides
a Network, Broadcast and two host addresses.

 It definitely can be, maybe not so common as I assumed.

>
> loopback is a /8
>

 The 127.0.0.1 is a /8 but you can assign a public IP address to loopback
which is useful on routers. A /32 provides a Network, Broadcast and Host
address as a single address because there is only one host.


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Re: netmask question

[coreyh]

On 22/05/2023 11:08, Tim Woodall wrote:

On Mon, 22 May 2023, cor...@free.fr wrote:





Hello,

In CIDR a host address is xx.xx.xx.xx/32 which means 255.255.255.255.
isn't it?



It depends on what question you're asking.

An individual address is a /32, but a host address might be listed as a
/24 for example. This means there are 256 addresses that can be reached
without routing.


I see. thanks.
In some use cases my configuration requires a host address with /32 for 
CIDR. such as postscreen whitelist stuff.


I know 192.168.1.0/24 means a C class.
But 192.168.1.100/24 means what? C class or that separated address 
192.168.1.100?


kind regards
Corey

Re: Icon voor script

[Paul van der Vlis]

Op 17-05-2023 om 11:47 schreef Roland Clobus:

Hallo Paul en anderen,

De specificatie voor de .desktop-bestanden staat hier [1]:
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/desktop-entry-spec/

en voor icon-themas [2]:
https://freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/icon-theme-spec/

Als bij 'Icon' een absoluut pad staat, wordt dat gebruikt, zo niet, dan 
wordt in 'Icon Lookup' van [2] beschreven, hoe het icon gevonden wordt.

Het thema 'hicolor' is altijd beschikbaar.

In 'Installing Application Icons' van [2] staat dat je minimaal een 
48x48 icon voor hicolor moet aanbieden. Daarnaast wordt een .svg variant 
aanbevolen.


Hallo Roland,

Ik ben er nog niet aan toegekomen om dit in de praktijk te testen, het 
wachten is nog op de icoontjes in het juiste formaat. Maar ik wil je 
hartelijk bedanken voor de informatie. Dit lijkt heel bruikbaar!


Groet,
Paul



--
Paul van der Vlis Linux systeembeheer Groningen
https://vandervlis.nl/

Re: netmask question

[Tim Woodall]

On Mon, 22 May 2023, cor...@free.fr wrote:


On 22/05/2023 09:41, Tim Woodall wrote:

On Sun, 21 May 2023, Timothy M Butterworth wrote:


The only address that should have a netmask of 255.255.255.255 is the
Loopback interface.



I don't much use ipv4 any more if I can avoid it but isn't it normal for
point-to-point links to have a netmask of 255.255.255.255?

It definitely can be, maybe not so common as I assumed.

loopback is a /8


Hello,

In CIDR a host address is xx.xx.xx.xx/32 which means 255.255.255.255.
isn't it?



It depends on what question you're asking.

An individual address is a /32, but a host address might be listed as a
/24 for example. This means there are 256 addresses that can be reached
without routing.

How can I add an arbitrary String with an associated Script/Command in the Right Click Drop Down Menu List in OpenBox WM? Also, autostart applications every session?

[Susmita/Rajib]

My dear illustrious leaders and senior list members of Debian user list,

I now use OpenBox extensively. Learning its ways. Growing comfortable with it.

I had the following interactions with OpenBox List members on the subject:

[quote]
[openbox] How can I add an arbitrary String with an associated
Script/Command in the Right Click Drop Down Menu List in OpenBox WM?
Also, autostart applications every session?
[/quote]

http://icculus.org/pipermail/openbox/2023-May/009637.html
Susmita/Rajib

http://icculus.org/pipermail/openbox/2023-May/009638.html
Mathias Dufresne

http://icculus.org/pipermail/openbox/2023-May/009639.html
Susmita/Rajib

http://icculus.org/pipermail/openbox/2023-May/009644.html
Mathias Dufresne

What I want is explained in
http://icculus.org/pipermail/openbox/2023-May/009639.html, and is as
follows:
[   ...   ]
My target is "Right Click Drop Down Menu List" and objective is to
enter a "a link to a customised script/command kept in a directory
elsewhere to be displayed as a menu-item within the Right Click Drop
Down Menu List that could be clicked for the linked script/command to
be executed".

I placed an identical copy of  a MyScript.desktop file, linking a
script file, in both ~/Desktop and in ~/.local/share/applications.

OB tint2 panel set-up has drawn info from the MyScript.desktop file to
be displayed on the "Application Available" right Launcher selectable
window, based on data in Launcher maintained as "launcher_item_app =
~/.local/share/applications/MyScript.desktop", in the file
~/.config/tint2/tint2rc.

But my present objective is to have the script link added as a
menu/sub-menu within the Right click Drop-down menu-list as a list
item.
[   ...   ]


Further information is posted at
http://icculus.org/pipermail/openbox/2023-May/009637.html, which is as
follows:
[   ...   ]
I have a working debian-menu reflecting the stored menu file in
/var/lib/menu-xdg/menus/debian-menu.menu

I read the page http://openbox.org/wiki/Help:Menus.

Searching the internet, I tired to add a menu in extraScripts.xml in
~/.config/openbox/. But failed to have it displayed upon right click
with $sudo update-menus.

---Begin Lines--
   
  
 

   # ~/my_script.sh
true

 
  
   
---Begin Lines--

Right clicking on the desktop I find
/var/lib/menu-xdg/menus/debian-menu.menu being executed and the right
click drop down menu, sub-menu list appearing.

I want to add my personal scripts in this list.

I also want to autostart some applications upon every session.
[   ...   ]


It appears that I can't explain myself to the OpenBox mailing list
senior members.

Please assess if my explanation is adequate for you and if it is,
please help me.

Best wishes,
Rajib

Bug Clamav #1027130

[Sil]

Bonjour la liste,

J'ai une alerte de bug grave pour la mise à jour des paquets Clamav sur 
une installation stable amd64.  Elle fait référence à ce bug :


https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1027130

libclamav9: LibClamAV Error: Can't verify database integrity

Je ne comprend pas tout et ai l'impression que ce bug soit corrigé. Le 
bug est déclaré sur la version 0.103.7 qui est déjà installée sur mon 
système et la mise à jour me propose de passer en 0.103.8.


Avez-vous fait la mise à jour ? Êtes-vous impactés ? Est-ce un problème 
avec apt-listbugs ?


Par avance merci

Sil

Re: netmask question

[coreyh]

On 22/05/2023 09:41, Tim Woodall wrote:

On Sun, 21 May 2023, Timothy M Butterworth wrote:


The only address that should have a netmask of 255.255.255.255 is the
Loopback interface.



I don't much use ipv4 any more if I can avoid it but isn't it normal 
for

point-to-point links to have a netmask of 255.255.255.255?

It definitely can be, maybe not so common as I assumed.

loopback is a /8


Hello,

In CIDR a host address is xx.xx.xx.xx/32 which means 255.255.255.255.
isn't it?

Thanks.

Re: Fwd: thermal drivers

[piorunz]

On 22/05/2023 09:32, Aleix Piulachs wrote:



-- Mensaje reenviado -
De: *Aleix Piulachs* mailto:ap77@gmail.com>>
Fecha: El lun, 22 may 2023 a las 10:29
Asunto: thermal drivers
Para: mailto:debian-user@lists.debian.org>>


I’m using a laptop ASU’s f75a i3 3110m with bullseye 11.7 and I can’t to
activate the thermal drivers: fancontrol.service, fancontrol.pid,
lm_sensors.service. fancontrol.pid I don’t know to configure it with gnome


Hi Aleix,

Why would you need these drivers? Does your laptop not work properly?
Normally, BIOS controls all fans via ACPI, no further configuration of
fans is required unless you are overclocker etc.

You say you can't activate these services, what is the error you are
getting?


--
With kindest regards, Piotr.

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⠈⠳⣄

Fwd: thermal drivers

[Aleix Piulachs]

-- Mensaje reenviado -
De: Aleix Piulachs 
Fecha: El lun, 22 may 2023 a las 10:29
Asunto: thermal drivers
Para: 


I’m using a laptop ASU’s f75a i3 3110m with bullseye 11.7 and I can’t to
activate the thermal drivers: fancontrol.service, fancontrol.pid,
lm_sensors.service. fancontrol.pid I don’t know to configure it with gnome

thermal drivers

[Aleix Piulachs]

I’m using a laptop ASU’s f75a i3 3110m with bullseye 11.7 and I can’t to
activate the thermal drivers: fancontrol.service, fancontrol.pid,
lm_sensors.service. fancontrol.pid I don’t know to configure it

Re: netmask question

[tomas]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 08:41:13AM +0100, Tim Woodall wrote:
> On Sun, 21 May 2023, Timothy M Butterworth wrote:
> 
> > The only address that should have a netmask of 255.255.255.255 is the
> > Loopback interface.
> > 
> 
> I don't much use ipv4 any more if I can avoid it but isn't it normal for
> point-to-point links to have a netmask of 255.255.255.255?

Right -- this one designates an isolated host address: "the computer is the
network" [1]. I think it's rather used to designate host routes or single
hosts in firewall rules. For point-to-point links I think a /23, i.e.
255.255.255.254 seems more appropriate.

> It definitely can be, maybe not so common as I assumed.
> 
> loopback is a /8

Most definitely:

  tomas@trotzki:~$ ip addr show
  1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group 
default qlen 1000
  link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
  inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
  inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

(I actually make use if it when I want to test web pages locally and want
a host IP different to localhost).

Cheers
-- 
t


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Description: PGP signature

Re: netmask question

[tomas]

On Mon, May 22, 2023 at 08:32:14AM +0100, Tim Woodall wrote:
> On Mon, 22 May 2023, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> 
>  number; for (human) display it is subdivided into four 8 bit chunks
> > (called "octets" for obvious reasons), and those octets only can
> > go from 0 to 255 (since 2^8 == 255).
> > 
> Nit, but 2^8 is 256.

Eh' -- off-by-one error. We C programmers do that ;-P

But yes, thanks for the clarification.

Cheers
-- 
t


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Re: netmask question

[Tim Woodall]

On Sun, 21 May 2023, Timothy M Butterworth wrote:


The only address that should have a netmask of 255.255.255.255 is the
Loopback interface.



I don't much use ipv4 any more if I can avoid it but isn't it normal for
point-to-point links to have a netmask of 255.255.255.255?

It definitely can be, maybe not so common as I assumed.

loopback is a /8

Re: netmask question

[Tim Woodall]

On Mon, 22 May 2023, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:

 number; for (human) display it is subdivided into four 8 bit chunks

(called "octets" for obvious reasons), and those octets only can
go from 0 to 255 (since 2^8 == 255).


Nit, but 2^8 is 256.

Re: Installation on NBD in the newly released

[Tomasz Wolak]

On 5/20/23 20:17, Tomasz Wolak wrote:


On 5/20/23 19:49, Tomasz Wolak wrote:


On 5/20/23 19:17, Stefan Monnier wrote:

I will not go to further details here, anyone interested can go to:
https://t-w.github.io/debian/2022/03/09/diskless_debian_11_pxe_nbd/
for details.


Have you reported a bug about this?

You might also get in touch with the maintainer of `nbd-client-udeb`
since that package seems designed for your use case, so if it doesn't
work well enough, they might like to know.


[...]



But contacting the maintainer of the nbd-client seems to be a good idea. 
I will do that. Thanks.




So I have contacted the maintainer of nbd-client and have a little 
follow up:


1. apparently, the Debian installer can be used with the option 
"modules=partman-nbd" (documented in 
/usr/share/doc/nbd-client/README.Debian.gz), which should allow 
partitioning and installation on an nbd


2. for the nbd-client binary used in initrd images - I have submitted a 
bug: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1036539

Re: python3-uno

[Klaus Jantzen]

On 5/21/23 21:48, Greg Wooledge wrote:

On Sun, May 21, 2023 at 05:40:06PM +0200, Klaus Jantzen wrote:

Setting up python3-uno (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u6) ...
+ [ configure = configure ]
+ ucf --three-way /usr/lib/libreoffice/share/.registry/pyuno.xcd
/etc/libreoffice/registry/pyuno.xcd
+ ucfr --force python3-uno /etc/libreoffice/registry/pyuno.xcd
+ which py3compile
+ py3compile -p python3-uno
E: py3compile:272: Requested versions are not installed
dpkg: error processing package python3-uno (--configure):
  installed python3-uno package post-installation script subprocess returned
error exit status 3
Errors were encountered while processing:
  python3-uno

You sent this to me privately, apparently, but I'm Cc-ing the list.
There is nothing private here.

Now, I'm not really much of a python guy.  So I googled for your error
text, and got this result:

https://askubuntu.com/questions/1273228/e-py3compile243-requested-versions-are-not-installed

The second answer (which has a green checkmark but has a lower score)
suggests that this can result from having the /usr/bin/python3 symlink
pointing to the wrong version of python.

What version of the python3-minimal package do you have installed, and
what does your /usr/bin/python3 point to?


Thank you for your valuable hints.

Sorry for sending my reply to your private address. That was not 
intended; I just hit the reply key without looking at the address.


The link you sent clarifies the problem: I am running python3.11 with 
the link python3 pointing to python3.11. I did not realize (know) that 
python3.5 is the default for Debian.


I will change that.

Thanks again for your help.

--
K.D.J.

Re: Solicito ayuda para instalar Debian en un Acer Aspire 9420 WSMi

[Luis Muñoz Fuente]

El 21/5/23 a las 22:41, fernando sainz escribió:
Si que es cierto, que yo no uso escritorio, tan solo un gestor de 
ventanas (el viejo fvwm), pero tampoco lo  necesito.


lxde como escritorio tampoco enlentece nada, el problema son los los 
programas potentes