Re: door bell like sound effect

[Karl Vogel]

On Wed, Aug 30, 2023 at 07:55:14AM -0400, songbird wrote:
> Karl Vogel wrote:
> ...
> > If nothing else, it's faster to run "locate" and look for file extensions;
> > running "file" on that much crap took nearly 9 hours.
> 
> do you have SSDs or spinning rust?

  I have a 256-Gb SSD and two mirrored Western Digital Blue 1.8-Tb drives.
  About 2 million files are on SSD and the rest are on rust.

  I used "file" v5.45 built from source, which does a nice job but is IO-
  and CPU-intensive.

> when i just did this:
> # find / -type f | wc -l
> it took all of 24 seconds for the 2.4 million files found.

  Generating hashes for SSD files is faster than getting the filetype;
  it takes about 17 minutes for 3.6 million files (153 Gbytes).  I like
  the Blake-2 hash cuz it's fast as hell, among other things:

#!/bin/ksh
#> $work
  done

# Store hashes for SSD datasets.
# The hash file is sorted by filename to make comparisons easier.

logmsg "running b2sum"
fdbdir=$(date '+/var/fdb/%Y/%m%d')
sort -z $work | xargs -0r b2sum -l 128 > "$fdbdir/zroot.sum"
rm $work
exit 0

  Useful for finding changed files -- security, backups, etc.

> what script did you use?

#!/bin/ksh
# $work
logmsg finish

mv $work filetypes
exit 0

-- 
Karl Vogel  I don't speak for the USAF or my company

Assisted in daily preparation of large quantities of consumable items
in a fast-paced setting.  (Translation: Short-order cook)
--from a list of resume' blunders

Re: Error : virHostCPUGetKVMMaxVCPUs: KVM is not supported on this platform: Function not implemented

[Mario Marietto]

Zithro : And yet you continue trying to compile (possibly) incompatible
softwares from source, instead of following the user guides, and despite
our warnings. You essentially say "I want to do some complicated stuff
without understanding how it works, and quick please".

Are you reading my mind ? How can you know what I say ? I don't say or
think what you think I think. My approach is something like this : to
understand why I get that error,learning guides is not enough,or at least,I
found that learning by doing is a good choice to learn for me. So,the
chosen to recompile from scratch everything (Linux kernel,qemu,libvirt and
virt-manager) is not a masochistic choice, it is useful for me because
doing so,step by step,I will see what happens from a lot of different
angles and I can learn the whole procedure evaluating a process at a time.
Learning for me is important. If I do what you suggest as is,I will learn a
few things,because probably your solution is correct,but I need to make
errors before I can understand what's correct and what's not. Can you
understand my point ? I spend my time reading,but I can't read everything
since I don't know what's relevant and what's not. So before I read
something I ask on various forums or ML what I should learn. That's because
I need to focus my attention only on the points that are relevant to be
able to achieve the project. This is important to avoid reading a lot of
useless things that would lead me astray. With that said,I have understood
what to do,more or less. I should install a debian version that has a 5.4
kernel on board. I don't know which release could be. I hope that it has a
version of qemu minor than 5.2,otherwise it will not work. If it is 5.2 or
greater,I don't know what to do. Maybe I will try to recompile qemu 5.1 to
see if it can be good with a 5.4 kernel shipped by that version of Debian.
For sure I will also install libvirt and virt-manager and the UEFI files
from the packages of that distro. I hope you understand that for someone
who is learning there are many unknowns to solve. I hope you understand
that not everyone has a clear and global vision of what to do and you can't
expect to always or almost always deal with experienced people. Finally, I
hope you understand that what is simple for you is not or it is less so
easy for other users.

On Wed, Aug 30, 2023 at 7:15 PM zithro  wrote:

> Seems you also don't read and/or learn ...
> Don't top post please, it's a matter of respect.
>
>A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
>Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
>A: Top-posting.
>Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?
>
> On 30 Aug 2023 10:50, Mario Marietto wrote:
> > Not a useful suggestion for me. I'm not a coder,such as I'm not a pro
> > system admin : this is only a hobby for me. I try to do the best I
> can,but
> > I can't solve bugs for which a solution has not been found yet and that
> > involves the writing of a piece of code.
>
> And yet you continue trying to compile (possibly) incompatible softwares
> from source, instead of following the user guides, and despite our
> warnings.
> You essentialy say "I want to do some complicated stuff without
> understanding how it works, and quick please".
>
> Have you looked for bug reports for your THREE consecutive problems ?
> Why not going plain Debian stable and walk from there ?
>
> Have you checked the compilation flags needed ?
> You don't need to be a dev to understand, just spend time reading.
>
> If distros spend a huge amount of time packaging software, it's to
> ensure proper compatibility between software versions, including the
> kernel.
> Dumb example :
>- compile kernel 4.2
>- compile QEMU version 1
>- compile libvirt version 9
>
> I'm pretty sure you'll get as "strange" errors as you experienced.
> But those errors are not strange, it's just that code get created and
> deleted.
> If libvirt needs the function "virConnectGetDomainCapabilities()" from
> KVM, and the installed version of kernel/KVM does NOT ship this
> function, you get those kind of errors.
>
> My advice : look for people who use Linux/BSD -AND- your platform/model
> (Chromebook ARM).
> Also, if you're not ready to spend time, follow recent guides.
>
> --
> ++
> zithro / Cyril
>
>

-- 
Mario.

Grub

[latincom]

Hola

Necesito instalar Grub u otro Boot Loader, en /dev/sda2, como se hace por
favor?

Gracias.

Re: Debian soporte

[zithro]

On 30 Aug 2023 20:15, Mario Garcia wrote:

Hola mi nombres mario garcia , quisiera pregutarle si una laptop con
siguiente procesador snapdragon (tM 7c puedo instalar debian. ?


Saludos ?



This is an english list ;)
If you only speak spanish, I'd recommend debian-user-spanish (or 
equivalents).

The lists are available on: lists.debian.org

You should check for compatibility on the Debian ARM pages, and maybe 
the Kernel ARM pages.

First, find your exact architecture name (aarch64, ...), then model, etc.


--
++
zithro / Cyril

Re: muis /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/ "speed" ontbreekt

[Paul van der Vlis]

Op 30-08-2023 om 21:05 schreef Paul van der Vlis:

Op 30-08-2023 om 11:01 schreef Gijs Hillenius:



Goedenmorgen!

Ik probeer mijn Thinkpad trackpoint te versnellen.

Dat ging vroeger met iets als:

echo 255 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/speed
en ook
echo 200 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/sensitivity

maar "speed" bestaat niet (meer).

sensitivy verhogen, dat helpt al iets maar wat mij betreft mag het nog
sneller.

Ik doe nu:

   xinput --set-prop "TPPS/2 Elan TrackPoint" "libinput Accel Speed" 1

maar da's echt nog niet genoeg. Iemand een idee? Ik heb Duckduckgo en
Google gebruikt, maar .. dat levert vooral verouderde informatie.


Bedoel je dat rode ding in het toetsenbord?

Als je die een klein beetje naar b.v. links beweegt dan gaat de muis 
traag naar links, maar beweeg je hem ver naar links dan beweegt hij 
reuze snel naar links. Daarom is instellen volgens mij niet nodig, het 
is een kwestie van hoe je hem gebruikt. Ik heb honderden Thinkpads 
verkocht, nog nooit is deze vraag gekomen.


Wellicht is dit interessant, voor de techniek die ze gebruiken:
https://github.com/VP1147/thinker/issues/1


Ik heb het even bekeken op een Thinkpad T480s, daar reageert hij in elk 
geval op de instellingen in het configuratiescherm (MATE).


Standaard staat hij tegenwoordig wel erg langzaam inderdaad.

Groet,
Paul


--
Paul van der Vlis Linux systeembeheer Groningen
https://vandervlis.nl/

Re: muis /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/ "speed" ontbreekt

[Paul van der Vlis]

Op 30-08-2023 om 11:01 schreef Gijs Hillenius:



Goedenmorgen!

Ik probeer mijn Thinkpad trackpoint te versnellen.

Dat ging vroeger met iets als:

echo 255 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/speed
en ook
echo 200 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/sensitivity

maar "speed" bestaat niet (meer).

sensitivy verhogen, dat helpt al iets maar wat mij betreft mag het nog
sneller.

Ik doe nu:

   xinput --set-prop "TPPS/2 Elan TrackPoint" "libinput Accel Speed" 1

maar da's echt nog niet genoeg. Iemand een idee? Ik heb Duckduckgo en
Google gebruikt, maar .. dat levert vooral verouderde informatie.


Bedoel je dat rode ding in het toetsenbord?

Als je die een klein beetje naar b.v. links beweegt dan gaat de muis 
traag naar links, maar beweeg je hem ver naar links dan beweegt hij 
reuze snel naar links. Daarom is instellen volgens mij niet nodig, het 
is een kwestie van hoe je hem gebruikt. Ik heb honderden Thinkpads 
verkocht, nog nooit is deze vraag gekomen.


Wellicht is dit interessant, voor de techniek die ze gebruiken:
https://github.com/VP1147/thinker/issues/1

Groet,
Paul


--
Paul van der Vlis Linux systeembeheer Groningen
https://vandervlis.nl/

Re: door bell like sound effect

[Anders Andersson]

On Wed, Aug 30, 2023 at 12:50 PM Karl Vogel  wrote:
>
> Out of morbid curiosity (and boredom), I started wondering what types of
> audio files I had on my systems.  I ran "file --mime-type" on 6.8 million
> files, looked for "audio/whatever" and got the file extensions.
>
> Extension  MIME-type
> ---
> .8svx  audio/x-aiff
> .aif   audio/x-aiff
> .aifc  audio/x-aiff
> .aiff  audio/x-aiff
> .ape   audio/x-ape
> .arm   audio/amr
> .auaudio/basic
> .flac  audio/flac
> .m4a   audio/x-m4a
> .mp3   audio/mpeg
> .mpc   audio/x-musepack
> .oga   audio/ogg
> .ogg   audio/ogg
> .opus  audio/ogg
> .raaudio/x-pn-realaudio
> .voc   audio/x-unknown
> .wav   audio/x-wav
>
> If nothing else, it's faster to run "locate" and look for file extensions;
> running "file" on that much crap took nearly 9 hours.

I got curious so I performed the same exercise on 2737754 files (18
TB) taking over 2.5 hours:

real159m40.601s
user38m47.758s
sys16m34.408s

I realized that it did it twice because of a snapshot so it's only
half the files, but here's the result:

1 ft audio/x-mod
1 mid audio/midi
2 ac3 audio/vnd.dolby.dd-raw
2 data audio/mpeg
2 opus audio/ogg
4 3gp audio/x-m4a
4 ape audio/x-ape
4 it audio/x-mod
5 m4a audio/x-m4a
16 snd audio/x-aiff
20 t audio/x-aiff
25 mp3 audio/x-wav
84 wav audio/x-wav
104 s audio/x-aiff
115 ogg audio/ogg
248 xm audio/x-mod
768 b audio/x-aiff
916 a audio/x-aiff
11805 flac audio/flac
26521 mp3 audio/mpeg
74874 mod audio/x-mod

Notably it's missing 52884 .sid files which 'file' did not recognize,
and a number of NES and SNES audio files.

Debian soporte

[Mario Garcia]

Hola mi nombres mario garcia , quisiera pregutarle si una laptop con
siguiente procesador snapdragon (tM 7c puedo instalar debian. ?


Saludos ?

Re: door bell like sound effect

[gene heskett]

On 8/30/23 10:48, Greg Wooledge wrote:

On Wed, Aug 30, 2023 at 10:15:50AM -0400, gene heskett wrote:

On 8/29/23 15:59, Greg Wooledge wrote:

find . -name '*.snd' -print

many definitions, tell me about it. I made a command line to aplay anything
it found, but so far only ogg's and wav's, neither of which aplay can do
anything with except digital noise. Says raw file and does not
adequately/automatically decode it.


aplay should work with .wav files, if they are properly created and
not corrupted.  I think.  (It gets ugly because I think there are
big-endian and little-endian variants, and possibly sampling rate
variants)


So that is not working. The theory is that whatever format it is, is very
well supported by the player it is using.


Which leads to the obvious question -- what player(s) are you using?
You seem to have a desktop environment installed on this machine, right?
Which desktop is it?  What audio players does this come with?  Which
ones do you normally use?


Is there another "player" that
might understand and properly decode whatever its fed?


Are you saying you've never actually PLAYED AN AUDIO FILE before?  At all?
I know you're old enough to have lived through the Napster period of
history.  You never once downloaded and played an MP3 file?

If you're looking to add a player to your repertoire, and if you don't
like whatever your desktop environment supplied, I would suggest starting
with mpv.


And is installed by a
default bookworm install?


There is no such animal.  There's just whatever package suites you chose
during installation, and whatever you added afterward.


Or, ugly thought, I need to tell aplay what it is.


aplay is fairly low level.  It doesn't handle decoding things like FLAC,
Ogg Vorbis, MP3, etc.  It only plays straight digital audio files, like
.wav.

If 'aplay myfile.wav' doesn't work, just forget it, and move on to a
more full-featured audio player.


And I've not paid much attention to the audio since the original vorbis/ogg
development so I know zip about the current details.


My knowledge pretty much ends with "mpv has replaced mplayer as the
go-to choice for command line users".  This is because mpv hasn't ever
failed me in a way that would require me to learn more things.


That too is helpful, Greg, msg tagged

.


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: door bell like sound effect

[gene heskett]

On 8/30/23 09:32, zithro wrote:

On 30 Aug 2023 04:52, gene heskett wrote:

man systemctl ; look for "timer" (in vi(m) use "/" to search) ?

$ systemctl list-timers


Tried this one ?


Maybe find the script(s) where you use this sound ?
I mean to find HOW you played this sound, ie. with which application.
With ALSA, you could have used "aplay FILE.wav", but you could 
also have used xmms, audacity, VLC, mpv, etc.


tried aplay, got server dead response. htop cannot find aplay,


The application playing the sound is most probably dead when you check 
for it ! Read below.



?!
I think you didn't understand what I meant.
To play a sound, there needs to be an app launching it.
So I suggested than instead of "find"ing the sound itself, you try 
to "grep" the application/executable name.
Agreed this could be long, as you don't know where that sound is 
played from.


And that is the problem, and why I read thru all those man pages 
trying to find a way to make it log what it did. Sadly no.


So, let me show you what I was thinking about.

I show you commands which will "find" for executable files which are not 
shared libraries, and for each file found, will "grep" for application 
names.
This approach will not try to find the sound(s) themselves, but the 
"applications which can play sounds".


First, make sure to have a list of ALL the audio apps installed on your 
system. From this list, you will just need the executable NAME, not the 
full path.

Examples: aplay, vlc, audacity, mplayer, mpv, ...

Then, run either the SHORT or LONG FORM of these find commands as root 
(or with sudo), but add your own applications from your app list above.

Warning: commands are both on one line !

++ FIND - LONG FORM

find -P / \! -iname "*.so" -type f -executable -exec grep --color 
--binary-files=without-match --with-filename --line-number -E 
'aplay|vlc|audacity' '{}' \;


++ FIND - SHORT FORM

find -P / \! -iname "*.so" -type f -executable -exec grep --color -IHnE 
'aplay|vlc|audacity' '{}' \;


++ APP LIST

As said above, you will have to change :
     'aplay|vlc|audacity'
with the application names you have on your computer, for example :
     'aplay|vlc|audacity|mpv|mplayer'

++ PARAMETERS EXPLANATIONS

-P : never follow symlinks (we going to check the whole FS, so no point)
\! -iname "*.so" : dont include shared libs
-type f : files only (no directory, etc)
-executable : executable file
-exec : run a command for each file found. Here the command is GREP,
     which scans for application names inside the executable files
     The grep options used are almost self-explanatory, I showed the
     long form on purpose.

++ SAMPLE OUTPUT

Instead of "/", I used "/usr" :

     # find -P / \! -iname "*.so" -type f -executable -exec grep --color 
-IHnE 'aplay|vlc|audacity' '{}' \;


     /usr/bin/rvlc:2:exec /usr/bin/vlc -I "rc" "$@"
     /usr/bin/pa-info:83:    'aplay -L'
     /usr/bin/cvlc:2:exec /usr/bin/vlc -I "dummy" "$@"
     /usr/sbin/alsa-info:110:withaplay() {
     /usr/sbin/alsa-info:116:    aplay -l >> $FILE 2>&1
     [OUTPUT TRUNCATED]

HTH


This looks to be useful also. Thank you zithro.

Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: door bell like sound effect

[gene heskett]

On 8/30/23 04:21, Karl Vogel wrote:

Out of morbid curiosity (and boredom), I started wondering what types of
audio files I had on my systems.  I ran "file --mime-type" on 6.8 million
files, looked for "audio/whatever" and got the file extensions.

 Extension  MIME-type
 ---
 .8svx  audio/x-aiff
 .aif   audio/x-aiff
 .aifc  audio/x-aiff
 .aiff  audio/x-aiff
 .ape   audio/x-ape
 .arm   audio/amr
 .auaudio/basic
 .flac  audio/flac
 .m4a   audio/x-m4a
 .mp3   audio/mpeg
 .mpc   audio/x-musepack
 .oga   audio/ogg
 .ogg   audio/ogg
 .opus  audio/ogg
 .raaudio/x-pn-realaudio
 .voc   audio/x-unknown
 .wav   audio/x-wav

If nothing else, it's faster to run "locate" and look for file extensions;
running "file" on that much crap took nearly 9 hours.


Probably 2 to 4x that here...

Thank you Karl. You and David have given me a couple tagged posts that I 
can explore when I get out of a pool full of unrelated alligators. It 
appears I will have to break down and get a hot box for at least one of 
my 3d printers.


Thank you

Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

systemd service user uit configuratie bestand indirect zoeken

[Geert Stappers]

Hoi,

Hoe in systemd service bestand de waarde voor 'User' zetten
met wat nog opgezocht moet worden?


Lange versie van dezelfde vraag:

Er is bestand  `/etc/foo/config` met een inhoud als:

```yaml
foo:
  topdir: /srv/foo
  interval: 3600
```

Command `ls -ld /srv/foo/` geeft
```text
drwxr-xr-x 3 baz www-data 4096 27 aug 10:26 /srv/foo/
```

Het is die `baz`, eigenaar van "topdir", die op de plaats van de puntjes
in systemd service unit zou moeten komen.
```text
[Unit]
Description=Foo-tastic

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/foo/etc/foo/config
User=

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
```

Hoe zou dat kunnen?

 
Groeten
Geert Stappers
-- 
Silence is hard to parse

Re: door bell like sound effect

[gene heskett]

On 8/29/23 22:12, Max Nikulin wrote:

On 30/08/2023 01:58, gene heskett wrote:

bash: pactl: command not found
gene@coyote:~$ sudo apt install pactl

...

E: Unable to locate package pactl

Next?


Either apt-file suggested earlier or if you are using it rarely and 
prefer to avoid downloading of file lists for all packages then


https://packages.debian.org/file:pactl

Thunderbird calendar, korganizer, alarm applets or applications may 
be suspected as well.


Those would all be under /home/me/.local? FWIW I am the only live user. 


At least thunderbird keeps its files in ~/.thunderbird by default. 
Perhaps KDE application might continue using legacy ~/.kde if the 
directory already contains their files. My idea is to check if you have 
accidentally scheduled events without waiting a next alarm.


I'm using t-bird but its quite buggy, filters only work if the moon is 
in a certain phase, its unread mail counter is a semi-random number 
generator. Because I don't thinks its at all trustworthy, I have not 
setup any scheduled actions.  And in this case, I had this problem way 
way back up the log 15 years ago running TDE for a desktop and the old 
3.5 TDE's kmail... I'd like to run it again, but since the end of wheezy 
support, dependency hell has prevented that.


I've now installed apt-file, updated it, and pulseaudio.utils. 
Somewhere here there should be something that can keep a log. That would 
be immensely helpful.


Thanks.

Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: HDMI not working with Bookworm on HP17-CN2156ng laptop

[Felix Miata]

What is not working, HDMI video? HDMI audio? Both?

CL composed on 2023-08-30 17:06 (UTC+0200):

> - firmware-misc-nonfree
> - firmware-intel-sound
> - firmware-realtek
> - firmware-sof-signed
> - xserver-xorg-video-intel
>  I assume this is the source of the i915 driver.
>   Uninstalled this also for trial but no difference

It's not the source of the i915 kernel device driver (module) for Intel GPUs. 
Each
kernel of necessity must get its own device driver set.

xserver-xorg-video-intel provides the intel display driver for X (DDX; hardware
Device Dependent X), which when installed will be used by Xorg/Wayland in lieu 
of
the default/preferred modesetting display driver for X (DIX: hardware Device
Independent X). Also involved in graphics are Mesa-dri and libdrm_intel1.

> - xserver-xorg-core
> - xserver-xorg-video-all
> - and some other xserver-xorg-video...

Inxi -GSaz does a much better job of reporting graphics configuration, e.g.:

# inxi -GSaz --vs --zl --hostname
inxi 3.3.27-00 (2023-05-07)
System:
  Host: ab560 Kernel: 6.1.0-9-amd64 arch: x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc
v: 12.2.0 parameters: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz root=LABEL= noresume
ipv6.disable=1 net.ifnames=0 consoleblank=0 preempt=full mitigations=off
  Desktop: Trinity v: R14.1.0 tk: Qt v: 3.5.0 info: kicker wm: Twin v: 3.0
vt: 7 dm: 1: TDM 2: XDM Distro: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)
Graphics:
  Device-1: Intel RocketLake-S GT1 [UHD Graphics 730] vendor: ASUSTeK
driver: i915 v: kernel arch: Gen-12.1 process: Intel 10nm built: 2020-21
ports: active: DP-1,HDMI-A-1,HDMI-A-2 empty: HDMI-A-3 bus-ID: 00:02.0
chip-ID: 8086:4c8b class-ID: 0300
  Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.21.1.7 driver: X: loaded: modesetting
unloaded: fbdev,vesa dri: iris gpu: i915 display-ID: :0 screens: 1
  Screen-1: 0 s-res: 3600x2640 s-dpi: 120 s-size: 762x558mm (30.00x21.97")
s-diag: 944mm (37.18")
  Monitor-1: DP-1 pos: primary,bottom-l model: Acer K272HUL serial: 
built: 2018 res: 2560x1440 hz: 60 dpi: 109 gamma: 1.2
size: 598x336mm (23.54x13.23") diag: 686mm (27") ratio: 16:9 modes:
max: 2560x1440 min: 720x400
  Monitor-2: HDMI-A-1 mapped: HDMI-1 pos: top-left model: NEC EA243WM
serial:  built: 2011 res: 1920x1200 hz: 60 dpi: 94 gamma: 1.2
size: 519x324mm (20.43x12.76") diag: 612mm (24.1") ratio: 16:10 modes:
max: 1920x1200 min: 640x480
  Monitor-3: HDMI-A-2 mapped: HDMI-2 pos: top-right model: Dell P2213
serial:  built: 2012 res: 1680x1050 hz: 60 dpi: 90 gamma: 1.2
size: 473x296mm (18.62x11.65") diag: 558mm (22") ratio: 16:10 modes:
max: 1680x1050 min: 720x400
  API: OpenGL v: 4.6 Mesa 22.3.6 renderer: Mesa Intel Graphics (RKL GT1)
direct-render: Yes
#

Above noted you'll see i915 kernel module used for the GPU device, the 
modesetting
DIX used for the Xorg display device, iris used for dri, and Mesa dri used for
OpenGL rendering. Also in the output are shown kernel cmdline options from Grub
that may impact graphics.
-- 
Evolution as taught in public schools is, like religion,
based on faith, not based on science.

 Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks!

Felix Miata

Re: HDMI not working

[CL]

Dear all,

just received a message from the seller of the laptop.

It seems that the problem is know and the Linux-Team work on it already 
under several bug reports.


e.g.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1994144

As I understand it is a bug in the Kernel itself.


**In any case I will say thank you to all who tried to help.**



--
---
mit freundlichen Grüßen / Best Regards

**Christian Lorenz**

mailto:cl.debian.mail...@t-online.de
---

Re: HDMI not working

[CL]

Am 30.08.23 um 17:04 schrieb Hans:

Hi Chritian,


your chipset is Intel i915. Some search I found this:


https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Intel_graphics 




A hint, I found in several forums:


Deinstall xf86-video-intel (also seen in my link).


The link I sent with, offers some general methods, maybe these might 
help. And maybe you wat to try one or another.



I did not read the whole article, but IMO it offers lots of information 
to crwal through.



Hope this helps.


Good luck,


Hans



Am Mittwoch, 30. August 2023, 16:48:20 CEST schrieb CL:

 >  [Iris Xe Graphics]





Thank you for this hint.

But before I do this I will read the WIKI exactly and with some patience.

Will inform you about the result.


--
---
mit freundlichen Grüßen / Best Regards

**Christian Lorenz**

mailto:cl.debian.mail...@t-online.de
---

Re: HDMI not working

[CL]

Am 30.08.23 um 17:07 schrieb Michel Verdier:

On 2023-08-30, CL wrote:


00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-UP3 GT2
[Iris Xe Graphics] [8086:46a8] (rev 0c)
DeviceName: Onboard - Video
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake-UP3 GT2 [Iris Xe
Graphics] [103c:899b]
Kernel driver in use: i915
Kernel modules: i915


Look in you logs if you have something about i915, you perhaps need to
get some uptodate or missing firmware

  wget -r -l 1  https://anduin.linuxfromscratch.org/sources/linux-firmware/i915/
  rsync -av anduin.linuxfromscratch.org/sources/linux-firmware/i915/ 
/lib/firmware/i915/




Hello,

in the Xorg.0.log and Xorg.1.log I found following related to HDMI

```

[  2720.911] (II) config/udev: Adding input device sof-hda-dsp 
HDMI/DP,pcm=3 (/dev/input/event11)

[  2720.911] (II) No input driver specified, ignoring this device.
[  2720.911] (II) This device may have been added with another device file.
[  2720.912] (II) config/udev: Adding input device sof-hda-dsp 
HDMI/DP,pcm=4 (/dev/input/event12)

[  2720.912] (II) No input driver specified, ignoring this device.
[  2720.912] (II) This device may have been added with another device file.
[  2720.912] (II) config/udev: Adding input device sof-hda-dsp 
HDMI/DP,pcm=5 (/dev/input/event13)

[  2720.912] (II) No input driver specified, ignoring this device.
[  2720.912] (II) This device may have been added with another device file.

```

What is the other thing exactly? I assume it will replace the firmware 
i915 with a current version right.
But I'm a little bit afraid to do this. My system knowledge is her 
really much to poor. What I have to do exactly?






--
---
mit freundlichen Grüßen / Best Regards

**Christian Lorenz**

mailto:cl.debian.mail...@t-online.de
---

Re: door bell like sound effect

[Curt]

On 2023-08-29, Larry Martell  wrote:
> On Tue, Aug 29, 2023 at 12:59 PM Greg Wooledge  wrote:
>>
>> On Tue, Aug 29, 2023 at 09:29:35AM -0700, Larry Martell wrote:
>> > find . -regex '.*\.snd$' -print
>>
>> That is an incredibly silly way to write
>>
>> find . -name '*.snd' -print
>
> Gene said that was finding many files that had snd in their name and
> not just as the terminal extension. So I gave a command that would
> only find files that ended with .snd.

That's not how it's supposed to work, though, I wouldn't think.

>> But the bigger issue is that audio files may have MANY different
>> extensions, with .snd being only one of them.
>
> Yes, I know that - I was showing an example using what was previously posted.
>
>


-- 

Re: HDMI not working

[CL]

Am 30.08.23 um 16:13 schrieb zithro:

On 30 Aug 2023 15:40, CL wrote:

Dear all,
[...]
During testing of the device I note that the HDMI interface doesn't 
work. A lot of GOOGLE shows me that sometimes problems with the 
implemented GPU IRIS Xe (Alder Lake-UP3 GT2) occurs. Also some of this 
problems were marked as solved. But either I didn't understand this 
solutions or they were not proper described (at least for me).


Show us what you found.
Maybe the problem has been solved in a newer kernel ?

If that's the case, you may try newer kernels from backports.



Hello,

sorry but it was a kind of random search. Don't documented it. My fault

I will try to reconstruct and send later



--
---
mit freundlichen Grüßen / Best Regards

**Christian Lorenz**

mailto:cl.debian.mail...@t-online.de
---

Re: HDMI not working

[Michel Verdier]

On 2023-08-30, CL wrote:

> 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-UP3 GT2
> [Iris Xe Graphics] [8086:46a8] (rev 0c)
>   DeviceName: Onboard - Video
>   Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake-UP3 GT2 [Iris Xe
>   Graphics] [103c:899b]
>   Kernel driver in use: i915
>   Kernel modules: i915

Look in you logs if you have something about i915, you perhaps need to
get some uptodate or missing firmware

 wget -r -l 1  https://anduin.linuxfromscratch.org/sources/linux-firmware/i915/
 rsync -av anduin.linuxfromscratch.org/sources/linux-firmware/i915/ 
/lib/firmware/i915/

Re: HDMI not working with Bookworm on HP17-CN2156ng laptop

[CL]

Am 30.08.23 um 16:22 schrieb Michael Kjörling:

On 30 Aug 2023 15:40 +0200, from cl.debian.mail...@t-online.de (CL):

this week I bought a new HP Laptop (HP17-CN2156ng).

a Bookworm - Gnome was installed originally but I replaced it with Bookworm
- XFCE.


Unrelated, but you could likely have got much the same effect by
simply `apt-get install xfce4`.


Yes, I think so also. Exactly therefore ordered this machine with a 
Devian installed. If Debian work in general than all desktops should 
work also.
I planned from begin to re-install wiht XFCE because this is my favorite 
desktop. Don't like Gnome.






During testing of the device I note that the HDMI interface doesn't work. A
lot of GOOGLE shows me that sometimes problems with the implemented GPU IRIS
Xe (Alder Lake-UP3 GT2) occurs.


https://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/Thinkpad/T14IntelGen3 looks
relevant, despite being for a different specific computer; it mentions
that specific GPU and that "switch to external screen" "only works
with a non-free driver and or firmware".



Looks very similar problem.

According Synaptic following packages are installed

- firmware-misc-nonfree
- firmware-intel-sound
- firmware-realtek
- firmware-sof-signed
- xserver-xorg-video-intel
I assume this is the source of the i915 driver.
Uninstalled this also for trial but no difference
- xserver-xorg-core
- xserver-xorg-video-all
- and some other xserver-xorg-video...




--
---
mit freundlichen Grüßen / Best Regards

**Christian Lorenz**

mailto:cl.debian.mail...@t-online.de
---

Re: HDMI not working

[Hans]

Hi Chritian,

your chipset is Intel i915. Some search I found this:

https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Intel_graphics[1]

A hint, I found in several forums:

Deinstall xf86-video-intel (also seen in my link).

The link I sent with, offers some general methods, maybe these might help. And 
maybe you wat 
to try one or another.

I did not read the whole article, but IMO it offers lots of information to 
crwal through.

Hope this helps.

Good luck, 

Hans


Am Mittwoch, 30. August 2023, 16:48:20 CEST schrieb CL:
>  [Iris Xe Graphics]




[1] https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Intel_graphics

Re: HDMI not working

[CL]

Am 30.08.23 um 16:26 schrieb Hans:

Hi,

fist of all, it would be nice, if you could tell us your hardware. Some
notebooks are using two graphic cards One in the CPU and one external. Mine
for example. has a NVidia card as external and an Intel chip built in the CPU.

Those are switched in linux with "bumblebee".

If we correctly know the hardware, we can explore more. The HDMI output is
sometimes controlled by the hardware (on my desktop computer it is the driver
from the external graphic card, which in my case is also an Nvidia card).

I suppose, Intel chips and AMD chips are doing the same. However, some intel
GPU drivers are built in the kernel, others need external packages.

So, let us know more and see, if we can help.

Best regards

Hans



Hello,

here the outcome of

```

lspci -nnk

00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:4601] (rev 04)
DeviceName: Onboard - Other
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device [103c:899b]
Kernel driver in use: igen6_edac
Kernel modules: igen6_edac
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Alder 
Lake-UP3 GT2 [Iris Xe Graphics] [8086:46a8] (rev 0c)

DeviceName: Onboard - Video
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake-UP3 GT2 [Iris Xe 
Graphics] [103c:899b]

Kernel driver in use: i915
Kernel modules: i915
00:04.0 Signal processing controller [1180]: Intel Corporation Alder 
Lake Innovation Platform Framework Processor Participant [8086:461d] 
(rev 04)

DeviceName: Onboard - Other
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake Innovation Platform 
Framework Processor Participant [103c:899b]

Kernel driver in use: proc_thermal_pci
Kernel modules: processor_thermal_device_pci
00:08.0 System peripheral [0880]: Intel Corporation 12th Gen Core 
Processor Gaussian & Neural Accelerator [8086:464f] (rev 04)

DeviceName: Onboard - Other
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 12th Gen Core Processor Gaussian & 
Neural Accelerator [103c:899b]
00:14.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH USB 3.2 
xHCI Host Controller [8086:51ed] (rev 01)

DeviceName: Onboard - Other
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake PCH USB 3.2 xHCI Host 
Controller [103c:899b]

Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
Kernel modules: xhci_pci
00:14.2 RAM memory [0500]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH Shared SRAM 
[8086:51ef] (rev 01)

DeviceName: Onboard - Other
00:15.0 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH 
Serial IO I2C Controller #0 [8086:51e8] (rev 01)

DeviceName: Onboard - Other
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake PCH Serial IO I2C 
Controller [103c:899b]

Kernel driver in use: intel-lpss
Kernel modules: intel_lpss_pci
00:15.1 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH 
Serial IO I2C Controller #1 [8086:51e9] (rev 01)

DeviceName: Onboard - Other
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake PCH Serial IO I2C 
Controller [103c:899b]

Kernel driver in use: intel-lpss
Kernel modules: intel_lpss_pci
00:16.0 Communication controller [0780]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake 
PCH HECI Controller [8086:51e0] (rev 01)

DeviceName: Onboard - Other
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake PCH HECI Controller 
[103c:899b]

Kernel driver in use: mei_me
Kernel modules: mei_me
00:17.0 SATA controller [0106]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-P SATA AHCI 
Controller [8086:51d3] (rev 01)

DeviceName: Onboard - SATA
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake-P SATA AHCI Controller 
[103c:899b]

Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
00:1c.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:51bc] (rev 01)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device [103c:899b]
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
00:1d.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCI Express x1 
Root Port #10 [8086:51b1] (rev 01)
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake PCI Express x1 Root Port 
[103c:899b]

Kernel driver in use: pcieport
00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH eSPI 
Controller [8086:5182] (rev 01)

DeviceName: Onboard - Other
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake PCH eSPI Controller 
[103c:899b]
00:1f.3 Multimedia audio controller [0401]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake 
PCH-P High Definition Audio Controller [8086:51c8] (rev 01)

DeviceName: Onboard - Sound
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake PCH-P High Definition 
Audio Controller [103c:899b]

Kernel driver in use: sof-audio-pci-intel-tgl
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel, snd_sof_pci_intel_tgl
00:1f.4 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH-P SMBus Host 
Controller [8086:51a3] (rev 01)

DeviceName: Onboard - Other
	Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Alder Lake PCH-P SMBus Host 
Controller [103c:899b]

Kernel driver in use: i801_smbus
 

Re: door bell like sound effect

[Greg Wooledge]

On Wed, Aug 30, 2023 at 10:15:50AM -0400, gene heskett wrote:
> On 8/29/23 15:59, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > find . -name '*.snd' -print
> many definitions, tell me about it. I made a command line to aplay anything
> it found, but so far only ogg's and wav's, neither of which aplay can do
> anything with except digital noise. Says raw file and does not
> adequately/automatically decode it.

aplay should work with .wav files, if they are properly created and
not corrupted.  I think.  (It gets ugly because I think there are
big-endian and little-endian variants, and possibly sampling rate
variants)

> So that is not working. The theory is that whatever format it is, is very
> well supported by the player it is using.

Which leads to the obvious question -- what player(s) are you using?
You seem to have a desktop environment installed on this machine, right?
Which desktop is it?  What audio players does this come with?  Which
ones do you normally use?

> Is there another "player" that
> might understand and properly decode whatever its fed?

Are you saying you've never actually PLAYED AN AUDIO FILE before?  At all?
I know you're old enough to have lived through the Napster period of
history.  You never once downloaded and played an MP3 file?

If you're looking to add a player to your repertoire, and if you don't
like whatever your desktop environment supplied, I would suggest starting
with mpv.

> And is installed by a
> default bookworm install?

There is no such animal.  There's just whatever package suites you chose
during installation, and whatever you added afterward.

> Or, ugly thought, I need to tell aplay what it is.

aplay is fairly low level.  It doesn't handle decoding things like FLAC,
Ogg Vorbis, MP3, etc.  It only plays straight digital audio files, like
.wav.

If 'aplay myfile.wav' doesn't work, just forget it, and move on to a
more full-featured audio player.

> And I've not paid much attention to the audio since the original vorbis/ogg
> development so I know zip about the current details.

My knowledge pretty much ends with "mpv has replaced mplayer as the
go-to choice for command line users".  This is because mpv hasn't ever
failed me in a way that would require me to learn more things.

Re: UEFI op servers, of niet?

[Wouter Verhelst]

On Tue, Aug 22, 2023 at 10:45:10AM +0200, Dennis van Dok wrote:
> On 15-08-2023 12:13, Paul van der Vlis wrote:
> > Het feit dat er vrij automatisch firmware wordt geïnstalleerd van de
> > fabrikant vind ik niet prettig. Maar dit is vast uit te zetten ;-)
> 
> Welke systemen doen dit? Wij moeten altijd zelf onze firmware bijhouden.
> Hoewel $VENDOR1 een systeem biedt om dat te automatiseren gebruiken wij dat
> liever niet want dan zit je daaraan vast, terwijl we ook spullen van
> $VENDOR2 willen kunnen kopen en gebruiken.
> 
> Het enige voorbeeld wat me te binnen schiet zijn de 'intelligente' lampen
> die je met een app kunt dimmen. Die deden het niet meer toen ik hun
> internettoegang uitschakelde.

Dit is even iets heel anders, maar:

Als je een standaard "smart" lamp oid koopt, dan is de kans heel groot
dat je inderdaad Internettoegang nodig hebt om het te kunnen gebruiken.
Rommel. Gelukkig is dat niet het geval met alle fabrikanten.

https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/shelly/

Smart switches en smart bulbs van het merk "shelly" werken *standaard*
met een Internet-verbinding, maar alle generaties van dat merk kunnen
geconfigureerd worden om dat niet te doen. Je kan dan met iets als
home-assistant (echte aanrader trouwens, dat ding) lokaal alles
aansturen, zonder Internet-verbinding (hoewel dat ook mogelijk is,
optioneel, als je dat wilt).

Producten op https://shelly.cloud/; ik ga eind volgende maand (of begin
Oktober, afhankelijk van hoe lang het duurt voor de bestelling er is) een resem
van die dingen thuis installeren.

-- 
 w@uter.{be,co.za}
wouter@{grep.be,fosdem.org,debian.org}

I will have a Tin-Actinium-Potassium mixture, thanks.

Re: UEFI op servers, of niet?

[Wouter Verhelst]

On Thu, Aug 17, 2023 at 10:21:38AM +0200, Paul van der Vlis wrote:
> > > vind ik niet prettig.
> > 
> > Als je dat die "auto firmware update by firmware" kunt aantonen,
> > ga dan ingesprek met je leverancier.
> Het is een "feature" van UEFI.

Niet echt.

UEFI heeft een standaard manier om firmware-updates te distribueren. Ze
dan ook installeren heeft wat meer nodig:

wouter@pc220518:~$ efibootmgr
BootCurrent: 0008
Timeout: 5 seconds
BootOrder: 0008,0001,0002,0003,
Boot* Linux Firmware Updater
Boot0001* ONBOARD NIC (IPV4)
Boot0002* ONBOARD NIC (IPV6)
Boot0003* UEFI HTTPs Boot
Boot0008* debian

"Boot0008" is Debian. Dat start normaal op.
"Boot" is de "Linux Firmware Updater". Dat is een component van
fwupd, /boot/efi/EFI/debian/fwupdx64.efi.

Daarnaast ben ik persoonlijk ook heel blij met /boot/efi/EFI/Dell/logs
-- als mijn firmware problemen vindt met de hardware, dan komt dat daar
mooi te staan.

> De firmware updated niet de firmware, dat
> doet bijvoorbeeld: https://packages.debian.org/bullseye/fwupd
> Dit wordt standaard geïnstalleerd door Debian volgens mij.
> De leverancier stopt het in: https://fwupd.org/
> 
> > De betere leverancier is ook al eerder aanspreekbaar.
> 
> Dit heeft niet zoveel met de leverancier te maken, ik vind het goed dat ze
> de firmware uploaden. Ik vind dat het alleen nogal automatisch gebeurd
> allemaal.

Het gnome-firmware pakket wordt inderdaad standaard geïnstalleerd op een
desktop-machine, en die zal ook standaard popups tonen als er een update
is voor je firmware met een simpele "Installeer deze update" knop waar
je makkelijk op kunt klikken.

Als je gnome-firmware (of equivalente dingen) niet installeert, dan heb
je dat niet, en dan moet je het manueel doen. Daarvoor kan je dingen
doen als "fwupdmgr get-updates" (denk "apt-get update"), "fwupdmgr
update" (om ze te installeren), "fwupdmgr verify" (controleren dat je
firmware correct geïnstalleerd is), en zelfs "fwupdmgr downgrade"
(hoewel dat in sommige gevallen niet ondersteund is). Het lijkt me dat
dat iets is wat je op een server wel zou prefereren, dan.

> Vroeger was het motto: "vervang firmware alleen als er een
> probleem is".

Sommige problemen zijn niet meteen zichtbaar, maar dat maakt ze niet
minder problematisch. Firmware-updates kunnen security issues fixen
(spectre/meltdown en dergelijke, maar ook gelijkaardige problemen in
chipsets), kunnen performantie-problemen oplossen, en nog veel meer.

Maar als je dat niet wilt, dan laat "fwupdmgr inhibit" je toe om alle
automatische updates te verbieden.

Of je kan fwupd ook van je systeem verwijderen, natuurlijk.

[...]
-- 
 w@uter.{be,co.za}
wouter@{grep.be,fosdem.org,debian.org}

I will have a Tin-Actinium-Potassium mixture, thanks.

Re: HDMI not working

[Hans]

Hi, 

fist of all, it would be nice, if you could tell us your hardware. Some 
notebooks are using two graphic cards One in the CPU and one external. Mine 
for example. has a NVidia card as external and an Intel chip built in the CPU. 

Those are switched in linux with "bumblebee". 

If we correctly know the hardware, we can explore more. The HDMI output is 
sometimes controlled by the hardware (on my desktop computer it is the driver 
from the external graphic card, which in my case is also an Nvidia card). 

I suppose, Intel chips and AMD chips are doing the same. However, some intel 
GPU drivers are built in the kernel, others need external packages.

So, let us know more and see, if we can help.

Best regards

Hans

Re: HDMI not working with Bookworm on HP17-CN2156ng laptop

[Michael Kjörling]

On 30 Aug 2023 15:40 +0200, from cl.debian.mail...@t-online.de (CL):
> this week I bought a new HP Laptop (HP17-CN2156ng).
> 
> a Bookworm - Gnome was installed originally but I replaced it with Bookworm
> - XFCE.

Unrelated, but you could likely have got much the same effect by
simply `apt-get install xfce4`.


> During testing of the device I note that the HDMI interface doesn't work. A
> lot of GOOGLE shows me that sometimes problems with the implemented GPU IRIS
> Xe (Alder Lake-UP3 GT2) occurs.

https://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/Thinkpad/T14IntelGen3 looks
relevant, despite being for a different specific computer; it mentions
that specific GPU and that "switch to external screen" "only works
with a non-free driver and or firmware".

-- 
Michael Kjörling  https://michael.kjorling.se
“Remember when, on the Internet, nobody cared that you were a dog?”

Re: door bell like sound effect

[gene heskett]

On 8/29/23 15:59, Greg Wooledge wrote:

find . -name '*.snd' -print
many definitions, tell me about it. I made a command line to aplay 
anything it found, but so far only ogg's and wav's, neither of which 
aplay can do anything with except digital noise. Says raw file and does 
not adequately/automatically decode it.


So that is not working. The theory is that whatever format it is, is 
very well supported by the player it is using. Is there another "player" 
that might understand and properly decode whatever its fed? And is 
installed by a default bookworm install? Or, ugly thought, I need to 
tell aplay what it is.  And I've not paid much attention to the audio 
since the original vorbis/ogg development so I know zip about the 
current details.


Thanks.

Cheers, Gene Heskett.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: UEFI op servers, of niet?

[Wouter Verhelst]

On Tue, Aug 15, 2023 at 12:13:54PM +0200, Paul van der Vlis wrote:
> Hallo,
> 
> Wat is jullie mening over UEFI?  Ik vind het nogal een complex gebeuren
> waarbij aardig wat dingen mee mis kunnen gaan. En wellicht ook minder veilig
> dan "legacy".

Dat lijkt me net het omgekeerde. UEFI laat toe om signed boots te
ondersteunen; BIOS niet.

(Je kan natuurlijk argumenteren dat je geen signed boot wilt want
"Microsoft", maar het principe is an sich wel zinvol en geeft je een
veiliger systeem)

> Het feit dat er vrij automatisch firmware wordt geïnstalleerd van de
> fabrikant vind ik niet prettig. Maar dit is vast uit te zetten ;-)

Wat is daar mis mee?

Via lvfs en fwupd heb ik al een aantal buggy systemen kunnen updaten.
Helaas is nog niet alles op die manier beschikbaar.

> Ik wil graag dat alles op RAID1 komt (mdadm, maar ook alternatieven zijn
> bespreekbaar), en het liefst ook op LVM of soortgelijk.

Persoonlijk grote fan van ZFS, wat de twee een beetje combineert.

Lastig owv licenties, maar het is allemaal vrije software, dus ik lig er
niet zo wakker van.

> Ik heb nog geen ervaring om de EFI partitie op mdadm RAID1 te zetten, maar
> misschien dat het wel kan.  Wat ik in de praktijk doe is de partitie
> kopiëren naar de andere disk met dd.

Denk niet dat dat mogelijk is, maar je kan het wel uitproberen? Als het
niet werkt is het snel en eenvoudig op te lossen met een rescue disk...

Je kan eventueel wel een scriptje toevoegen aan /etc/grub.d wat de EFI
partitie van je eerste schijf kopiëert naar de tweede schijf (op
filesystem-niveau of met dd). Dan is je systeem altijd in sync na de
meest recente "update-grub".

> Ook grote disks kunnen ook zonder EFI, maar dan is er een BIOS BOOT partitie
> nodig. Ik weet niet goed of dat op RAID1 kan.

Dat is zeker geen probleem. Heb het in het verleden al gedaan.

> Ik zag overigens ook iemand die mdadm gebruikte op de hele schijf, dus niet
> op partities. Ik had problemen om in de rescue-mode van de debian-installer
> de RAID5 te maken (er was een disk defect). Wat vinden jullie van deze
> constructie?  Zal dit ook b.v. de boot-sector en partitie-tabel automatisch
> in de RAID opnemen?

Neen. Zo'n constructie werkt alleen met BIOS boot, en alleen met Linux.
Je moet dan je MBR volledig bootable maken, en er voor zorgen dat je
boot loader je partities kan lezen (i.e., geen RAID5).

Ben niet van mening dat het een goed idee is.

-- 
 w@uter.{be,co.za}
wouter@{grep.be,fosdem.org,debian.org}

I will have a Tin-Actinium-Potassium mixture, thanks.

Re: HDMI not working

[zithro]

On 30 Aug 2023 15:40, CL wrote:

Dear all,
[...]
During testing of the device I note that the HDMI interface doesn't 
work. A lot of GOOGLE shows me that sometimes problems with the 
implemented GPU IRIS Xe (Alder Lake-UP3 GT2) occurs. Also some of this 
problems were marked as solved. But either I didn't understand this 
solutions or they were not proper described (at least for me).


Show us what you found.
Maybe the problem has been solved in a newer kernel ?

If that's the case, you may try newer kernels from backports.

--
++
zithro / Cyril

Re: Error : virHostCPUGetKVMMaxVCPUs: KVM is not supported on this platform: Function not implemented

[zithro]

Seems you also don't read and/or learn ...
Don't top post please, it's a matter of respect.

  A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
  Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
  A: Top-posting.
  Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

On 30 Aug 2023 10:50, Mario Marietto wrote:

Not a useful suggestion for me. I'm not a coder,such as I'm not a pro
system admin : this is only a hobby for me. I try to do the best I can,but
I can't solve bugs for which a solution has not been found yet and that
involves the writing of a piece of code.


And yet you continue trying to compile (possibly) incompatible softwares 
from source, instead of following the user guides, and despite our warnings.
You essentialy say "I want to do some complicated stuff without 
understanding how it works, and quick please".


Have you looked for bug reports for your THREE consecutive problems ?
Why not going plain Debian stable and walk from there ?

Have you checked the compilation flags needed ?
You don't need to be a dev to understand, just spend time reading.

If distros spend a huge amount of time packaging software, it's to 
ensure proper compatibility between software versions, including the kernel.

Dumb example :
  - compile kernel 4.2
  - compile QEMU version 1
  - compile libvirt version 9

I'm pretty sure you'll get as "strange" errors as you experienced.
But those errors are not strange, it's just that code get created and 
deleted.
If libvirt needs the function "virConnectGetDomainCapabilities()" from 
KVM, and the installed version of kernel/KVM does NOT ship this 
function, you get those kind of errors.


My advice : look for people who use Linux/BSD -AND- your platform/model 
(Chromebook ARM).

Also, if you're not ready to spend time, follow recent guides.

--
++
zithro / Cyril

Re: door bell like sound effect

[tomas]

On Wed, Aug 30, 2023 at 09:23:24AM -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:

[...]

> For the record, "-exec file {} +" isn't a GNU extension.  That's actually
> portable (it's in POSIX).

Thanks... I stand corrected :)

Cheers
-- 
t


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

HDMI not working

[CL]

Dear all,

this week I bought a new HP Laptop (HP17-CN2156ng).

a Bookworm - Gnome was installed originally but I replaced it with 
Bookworm - XFCE.


Output of

```
uname -a

Linux HP17cn2156ng 6.1.0-11-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian 6.1.38-4 
(2023-08-08) x86_64 GNU/Linux


```

During testing of the device I note that the HDMI interface doesn't 
work. A lot of GOOGLE shows me that sometimes problems with the 
implemented GPU IRIS Xe (Alder Lake-UP3 GT2) occurs. Also some of this 
problems were marked as solved. But either I didn't understand this 
solutions or they were not proper described (at least for me).


So the only thing I can show at the moment ist the output of

```
xrandr

Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1920 x 1080, maximum 16384 x 16384
eDP-1 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis 
y axis) 382mm x 215mm

   1920x1080 60.06*+  60.0159.9759.9640.1759.93
   1680x1050 59.9559.88
   1400x1050 59.98
   1600x900  59.9959.9459.9559.82
   1280x1024 60.02
   1400x900  59.9659.88
   1280x960  60.00
   1440x810  60.0059.97
   1368x768  59.8859.85
   1280x800  59.9959.9759.8159.91
   1280x720  60.0059.9959.8659.74
   1024x768  60.0460.00
   960x720   60.00
   928x696   60.05
   896x672   60.01
   1024x576  59.9559.9659.9059.82
   960x600   59.9360.00
   960x540   59.9659.9959.6359.82
   800x600   60.0060.3256.25
   840x525   60.0159.88
   864x486   59.9259.57
   700x525   59.98
   800x450   59.9559.82
   640x512   60.02
   700x450   59.9659.88
   640x480   60.0059.94
   720x405   59.5158.99
   684x384   59.8859.85
   640x400   59.8859.98
   640x360   59.8659.8359.8459.32
   512x384   60.00
   512x288   60.0059.92
   480x270   59.6359.82
   400x300   60.3256.34
   432x243   59.9259.57
   320x240   60.05
   360x202   59.5159.13
   320x180   59.8459.32
DP-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-3 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-4 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)

```

As far I understand there is no HDMI detected here but 4 Displayports. 
But this DP's don't exits in reality on this device (as I know).



Would be nice if somebody can help me to find a solution.

Thank you in advance


--
---
mit freundlichen Grüßen / Best Regards

**Christian Lorenz**

mailto:cl.debian.mail...@t-online.de
---

Re: door bell like sound effect

[zithro]

On 30 Aug 2023 04:52, gene heskett wrote:

man systemctl ; look for "timer" (in vi(m) use "/" to search) ?

$ systemctl list-timers


Tried this one ?


Maybe find the script(s) where you use this sound ?
I mean to find HOW you played this sound, ie. with which application.
With ALSA, you could have used "aplay FILE.wav", but you could also 
have used xmms, audacity, VLC, mpv, etc.


tried aplay, got server dead response. htop cannot find aplay,


The application playing the sound is most probably dead when you check 
for it ! Read below.



?!
I think you didn't understand what I meant.
To play a sound, there needs to be an app launching it.
So I suggested than instead of "find"ing the sound itself, you try to 
"grep" the application/executable name.
Agreed this could be long, as you don't know where that sound is 
played from.


And that is the problem, and why I read thru all those man pages trying 
to find a way to make it log what it did. Sadly no.


So, let me show you what I was thinking about.

I show you commands which will "find" for executable files which are not 
shared libraries, and for each file found, will "grep" for application 
names.
This approach will not try to find the sound(s) themselves, but the 
"applications which can play sounds".


First, make sure to have a list of ALL the audio apps installed on your 
system. From this list, you will just need the executable NAME, not the 
full path.

Examples: aplay, vlc, audacity, mplayer, mpv, ...

Then, run either the SHORT or LONG FORM of these find commands as root 
(or with sudo), but add your own applications from your app list above.

Warning: commands are both on one line !

++ FIND - LONG FORM

find -P / \! -iname "*.so" -type f -executable -exec grep --color 
--binary-files=without-match --with-filename --line-number -E 
'aplay|vlc|audacity' '{}' \;


++ FIND - SHORT FORM

find -P / \! -iname "*.so" -type f -executable -exec grep --color -IHnE 
'aplay|vlc|audacity' '{}' \;


++ APP LIST

As said above, you will have to change :
'aplay|vlc|audacity'
with the application names you have on your computer, for example :
'aplay|vlc|audacity|mpv|mplayer'

++ PARAMETERS EXPLANATIONS

-P : never follow symlinks (we going to check the whole FS, so no point)
\! -iname "*.so" : dont include shared libs
-type f : files only (no directory, etc)
-executable : executable file
-exec : run a command for each file found. Here the command is GREP,
which scans for application names inside the executable files
The grep options used are almost self-explanatory, I showed the
long form on purpose.

++ SAMPLE OUTPUT

Instead of "/", I used "/usr" :

# find -P / \! -iname "*.so" -type f -executable -exec grep --color 
-IHnE 'aplay|vlc|audacity' '{}' \;


/usr/bin/rvlc:2:exec /usr/bin/vlc -I "rc" "$@"
/usr/bin/pa-info:83:'aplay -L'
/usr/bin/cvlc:2:exec /usr/bin/vlc -I "dummy" "$@"
/usr/sbin/alsa-info:110:withaplay() {
/usr/sbin/alsa-info:116:aplay -l >> $FILE 2>&1
[OUTPUT TRUNCATED]

HTH

--
++
zithro / Cyril

Re: door bell like sound effect

[songbird]

 wrote:
...
> Yours just sailed through the directory structures.

  yes, i know that, which is why i asked.  ;)


  songbird

Re: door bell like sound effect

[Greg Wooledge]

On Wed, Aug 30, 2023 at 02:57:35PM +0200, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> Karl ran (probably -exec) "file --mimetype" on each one, which at
> least involves opening each of the files once and reading a few
> (tens of) bytes off it.
> 
> Depending on how he invoked it (with a \; at the end of find or
> with GNU find's extension +, that could means starting `file'
> for each found ummm... file, which also takes time.

For the record, "-exec file {} +" isn't a GNU extension.  That's actually
portable (it's in POSIX).

The other way, "find ... -print0 | xargs -0 file", *is* a GNU extension.

Re: door bell like sound effect

[tomas]

On Wed, Aug 30, 2023 at 07:43:51AM -0400, songbird wrote:
> Karl Vogel wrote:
> ...
> > If nothing else, it's faster to run "locate" and look for file extensions;
> > running "file" on that much crap took nearly 9 hours.
> 
>   do you have SSDs or spinning rust?
> 
>   when i just did this:
> 
> # find / -type f | wc -l
> 
>   it took all of 24 seconds for the 2.4 million files found.
> what script did you use?

Karl ran (probably -exec) "file --mimetype" on each one, which at
least involves opening each of the files once and reading a few
(tens of) bytes off it.

Depending on how he invoked it (with a \; at the end of find or
with GNU find's extension +, that could means starting `file'
for each found ummm... file, which also takes time.

Yours just sailed through the directory structures.

Cheers
-- 
t


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Re: door bell like sound effect

[songbird]

Karl Vogel wrote:
...
> If nothing else, it's faster to run "locate" and look for file extensions;
> running "file" on that much crap took nearly 9 hours.

  do you have SSDs or spinning rust?

  when i just did this:

# find / -type f | wc -l

  it took all of 24 seconds for the 2.4 million files found.
what script did you use?


  songbird

Re: Please verify Gnome and KDE wiki articles for correctness

[Steve McIntyre]

g...@wooledge.org wrote:
>On Sat, Aug 26, 2023 at 07:40:46AM -0500, Nate Bargmann wrote:
>> 
>> I was able to successfully change my password and update my Wiki home
>> page a little while ago.  It has been a long time since I created the
>> account and don't recall what the process entailed.
>
>If I recall correctly, it used to be possible to create an account with
>the standard wiki mechanisms, but that was discontinued due to spammers
>abusing it.  So, those of us who happened to create an account in the
>early days got to do it the easy way, but now any new accounts need to
>be approved by the wiki admins.

Yup, that's exactly it. We used to cope with some scripts to do
auto-whitelisting, but the spammers got worse and worse. So now we
need to do manual approval. We try to be as responsive as possible to
new signup requests, and we normally respond within a few hours.

Not enough spammers on fire. :-(

-- 
Steve McIntyre, Cambridge, UK.st...@einval.com
Can't keep my eyes from the circling sky,
Tongue-tied & twisted, Just an earth-bound misfit, I...

Re: AW: Debugging initramfs, server hangs during boot process

[Michel Verdier]

On 2023-08-30, thah...@t-online.de wrote:

> The last USB device in this list is a bluetooth card. I have blacklisted 
> btusb, 
> but this didn't help, still hangs.
> At 182 seconds I pressed CRTL_ALT_DEL and the times without sleep statements 
> come down to like 11 seconds when it hangs.

You should blacklist usb devices not found during boot and still listed
with udevadm. You can also try to unplug all usb devices and plug them
one by one to find which hangs.
Do you try to boot on another kernel or a debian live ?

Re: Mise à jours et Update Stretch - Problème de dépôt

[Hugues MORIN-TRENEULE]

Bonjour

Merci à tous pour vos réponses et vos conseils, maintenant ... yapluka ;-)

Je vais faire des upgrade successif car je tiens a garder la configuration
de certains programme.

Concernant les dépôts "security" et "volatile", je ne sais quels sont les
paquets qui en dépendent.
Je vais commencer par vérifier cela et je desactiverai le cas échéant.

Pour les archives de la liste (ou si je rencontre un probleme), je posterai
le résultat des upgrade.

Bonne journée
Très cordialement
Hugues

Le mar. 29 août 2023 à 15:03, Michel Verdier  a écrit :

> Le 29 août 2023 Hugues MORIN-TRENEULE a écrit :
>
> > Concernant les dépôts "security" et "volatile", existe-t-il aussi des
> > dépôts archive que je pourrai utiliser?
>
> Le mieux est de les commenter durant les upgrade et de les rebrancher
> seulement quand tout est stabilisé pour un ultime upgrade. C'est
> d'ailleurs ce qui est préconisé pour l'upgrade bullseye -> bookworm.
>
> Et n'oublie pas l'upgrade en 2 temps.
>
>
> https://www.debian.org/releases/bookworm/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.fr.html#minimal-upgrade
>
>

muis /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/ "speed" ontbreekt

[Gijs Hillenius]

Goedenmorgen!

Ik probeer mijn Thinkpad trackpoint te versnellen.

Dat ging vroeger met iets als:

echo 255 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/speed
en ook
echo 200 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/sensitivity

maar "speed" bestaat niet (meer). 

sensitivy verhogen, dat helpt al iets maar wat mij betreft mag het nog
sneller.

Ik doe nu:

  xinput --set-prop "TPPS/2 Elan TrackPoint" "libinput Accel Speed" 1

maar da's echt nog niet genoeg. Iemand een idee? Ik heb Duckduckgo en
Google gebruikt, maar .. dat levert vooral verouderde informatie.

Dank

G

Re: Error : virHostCPUGetKVMMaxVCPUs: KVM is not supported on this platform: Function not implemented

[Mario Marietto]

Not a useful suggestion for me. I'm not a coder,such as I'm not a pro
system admin : this is only a hobby for me. I try to do the best I can,but
I can't solve bugs for which a solution has not been found yet and that
involves the writing of a piece of code.

On Wed, Aug 30, 2023 at 4:45 AM zithro  wrote:

> On 29 Aug 2023 23:48, Mario Marietto wrote:
>
> > I'm running Debian bookworm [...]
>
> No you're not.
>
> You're running a MODIFIED Debian version with a (rather old) MODIFIED
> kernel :
>
> > $ uname -r
> > 5.4.244-stb-cbe
>  >
> > [removed mostly copy/paste from old posts]
>
> > Can someone give me some suggestions to fix that error ? thanks.
>
> Yes, takes me 2 minutes too :
>
> 1. open the libvirt source code folder
> 2. grep the functions in error to get the file names
> 3. open those files and find out why the functions fail
> 4. edit code, recompile, test
> 5. do (4) till the problem is not solved
>
> Also, it's nice to report the bug where you got the disk image, so
> others won't waste their time for the same bug.
>
> If you solved your problem, propose a patch, so others may benefit.
>
> HTH !
>
> --
> ++
> zithro / Cyril
>
>

-- 
Mario.

Re: door bell like sound effect

[Karl Vogel]

Out of morbid curiosity (and boredom), I started wondering what types of
audio files I had on my systems.  I ran "file --mime-type" on 6.8 million
files, looked for "audio/whatever" and got the file extensions.

Extension  MIME-type
---
.8svx  audio/x-aiff
.aif   audio/x-aiff
.aifc  audio/x-aiff
.aiff  audio/x-aiff
.ape   audio/x-ape
.arm   audio/amr
.auaudio/basic
.flac  audio/flac
.m4a   audio/x-m4a
.mp3   audio/mpeg
.mpc   audio/x-musepack
.oga   audio/ogg
.ogg   audio/ogg
.opus  audio/ogg
.raaudio/x-pn-realaudio
.voc   audio/x-unknown
.wav   audio/x-wav

If nothing else, it's faster to run "locate" and look for file extensions;
running "file" on that much crap took nearly 9 hours.

-- 
Karl Vogel  I don't speak for anyone but myself

My doctor told me to stop having intimate dinners for four,
unless there are three other people.--Orson Welles

Re: Fallos en mi Debian

[Camaleón]

El 2023-08-29 a las 20:01 +0100, José Manuel (Abogado) escribió:
> 
> El 29/8/23 a las 7:29, Camaleón escribió:
> > El 2023-08-28 a las 20:51 +0100, José Manuel (Abogado) escribió:
> > 
> > > Me aparecen dos fallos que no se porque sucede, por lo que me dirijo a
> > > ustedes por si me pueden orientar, cosa que les agradezco de antemano.
> > > 
> > > Tengo Debian Bookworm
> > > 
> > > Primer fallo, en el arranque me aparece la palabra fallo en rojo pero al 
> > > ser
> > > rápido no me da tiempo a saber que lo que pone
> > Añado a lo ya indicado por Fran.
> > 
> > La orden «systemctl list-units --failed» te permite enumerar los
> > servicios fallidos.
> > 
> > Y con «journalctl -b | grep -i -e fallo -e failed» también podrás ver los 
> > registros
> > del arranque actual con la palabra «fallo» o «failed».
> > > Segundo fallo por consola, al actualizar algún paquete al terminar a 
> > > través
> > > de sudo me aparece lo siguiente en las últimas líneas:
> > > 
> > > ...
> > > 
> > > libdvd-pkg: Checking orig.tar integrity...
> > > /usr/src/libdvd-pkg/libdvdcss_1.4.3.orig.tar.bz2: La suma coincide
> > > libdvd-pkg: `apt-get check` failed, you may have broken packages.
> > > Aborting...
> > No sé si has probado a reconfigurar el paquete con la orden 
> > «dpkg-reconfigure
> > libdvd-pkg».
> > 
> > 
> Hola
> 
> Gracias por contestar a Fran y Camaleón
> 
> Poniendo los comandos que me indicas sale lo siguiente:
> 
> eb8cxw@debianPAPA:~$ systemctl list-units --failed
>  UNIT    LOAD   ACTIVE SUB    DESCRIPTION
> ● accounts-daemon.service loaded failed failed Accounts Service
> 
> LOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
> ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
> SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.
> 1 loaded units listed.


Hum... no sé qué hace ese servicio. De hecho no tengo instalado el paquete, voy 
a 
instruirme...

***
https://packages.debian.org/bookworm/accountsservice

Package: accountsservice (22.08.8-6) 
query and manipulate user account information

The AccountService project provides a set of D-Bus interfaces for 
querying and manipulating user account information and an 
implementation of these interfaces, based on the useradd, usermod and 
userdel commands. 
***

Pues muy bien (me quedo igual) :-)

Pero bueno, ahora que ya sabes cuál falla, y siempre que quieras 
invocar a la bestia, intenta iniciar el servicio para ver qué te dice:

systemctl restart accounts-daemon

Si no saca nada, revisa el registro con:

journalctl -n

Y manda la salida.

> eb8cxw@debianPAPA:~$ journalctl -b | grep -i -e fallo -e failed
> Hint: You are currently not seeing messages from other users and the system.
>  Users in the 'systemd-journal' group can see all messages. Pass -q to
>  turn off this notice.
> ago 29 15:45:45 debianPAPA wireplumber[1584]: Failed to set scheduler 
> settings: Operación no permitida
> ago 29 15:45:46 debianPAPA wireplumber[1584]: 
>  failed to activate item: Object activation 
> aborted: proxy destroyed
> ago 29 15:45:55 debianPAPA org_kde_powerdevil[1766]: org.kde.powerdevil: 
> org.kde.powerdevil.chargethresholdhel per.getthreshold failed "Charge 
> thresholds are not supported by the kernel for this hardware"
> ago 29 15:45:55 debianPAPA org_kde_powerdevil[1766]: org.kde.powerdevil: 
> org.kde.powerdevil.backlighthelper.brightness failed
> ago 29 15:45:57 debianPAPA org_kde_powerdevil[1766]: org.kde.powerdevil: 
> org.kde.powerdevil.chargethresholdhelper.getthreshold failed "Charge 
> thresholds are not supported by the kernel for this hardware"
> ago 29 15:45:57 debianPAPA kwin_x11[1715]: kf.config.core: "\"fsrestore1\" - 
> conversion of \"0,0,0,0\" to QRect failed"
> ago 29 15:45:57 debianPAPA kwin_x11[1715]: kf.config.core: "\"fsrestore2\" - 
> conversion of \"0,0,0,0\" to QRect failed"
> ago 29 15:46:02 debianPAPA kded5[1714]: org.kde.libkbolt: Failed to connect 
> to Bolt manager DBus interface:
> ago 29 15:47:25 debianPAPA dbus-daemon[1588]: [session uid=1000 pid=1588] 
> Activated service 'org.kde.KSplash'failed: Process org.kde.KSplash exited 
> with status 1

Estos mensajes de arriba (↑) parecen inocuos de KDE y sus cositas (gestión de 
energía, etc...).

> ago 29 16:46:47 debianPAPA plasmashell[4181]: libva error:> 
> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so init failed
> ago 29 16:47:38 debianPAPA plasmashell[4181]: libva error:  
> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so init failed
> ago 29 16:47:39 debianPAPA plasmashell[4181]: libva error: 
> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so init failed
> ago 29 16:48:42 debianPAPA plasmashell[4181]: libva error: 
> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so init failed
> ago 29 16:49:02 debianPAPA plasmashell[4181]: libva error: 
> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so init failed
> 
> No entiendo mucho pero parece que esta en el vídeo, ya me diréis,

Sí, esto parece más