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[SOLVED] A quick fix for Firefox mailto: issues
I don't know who else has come across this, or who even uses this particular combination of firefox and thunderbird. I use it for the sake of my users, so its just easier to be a roman in rome. I have setup IceWM as the standard though. In firefox when one clicks on a mailto: link it fails to work (default). After searching for hours and googling my brains out, changing settings and what not with zero success, the final answer was ridiculously simple: Manually set the mail command. Default doesn't work (for whatever reason- probably due to gnome or the lack of). To make things all right in the world click (on the menu bar in firefox): edit-preferences. Click the applications tab on the popup window, and look for mailto: and select use other and pick the mailer of your choice. Forget all the about:config settings and the other crap out there- it simply doesn't work. It probably has to do with the infiltration of gnome (and linuxisms), but the long and the short of it is it doesn't work for FreeBSD. This does. HTH someone in need (probably using google a month from now...) :) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Was... A quick fix for Firefox mailto: issues Now... The other way round problem
Excuse me for using this thread but I feel I have a problem related to this, but with Thunderbird not opening URLs. I followed all instructions I can find, but have not been successful. Using the config editor I added the following, and have checked that it is in the file prefs.js: user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.ftp, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.http, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.https, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.ftp, true); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.http, true); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.https, true); This does not work for me and has been so for a while. It started after an upgrade. If anyone has a solution to this problem I would like to read about it. Thank you :-) 2012-01-20 15:02, Da Rock skrev: I don't know who else has come across this, or who even uses this particular combination of firefox and thunderbird. I use it for the sake of my users, so its just easier to be a roman in rome. I have setup IceWM as the standard though. In firefox when one clicks on a mailto: link it fails to work (default). After searching for hours and googling my brains out, changing settings and what not with zero success, the final answer was ridiculously simple: Manually set the mail command. Default doesn't work (for whatever reason- probably due to gnome or the lack of). To make things all right in the world click (on the menu bar in firefox): edit-preferences. Click the applications tab on the popup window, and look for mailto: and select use other and pick the mailer of your choice. Forget all the about:config settings and the other crap out there- it simply doesn't work. It probably has to do with the infiltration of gnome (and linuxisms), but the long and the short of it is it doesn't work for FreeBSD. This does. HTH someone in need (probably using google a month from now...) :) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Was... A quick fix for Firefox mailto: issues Now... The other way round problem
2012-01-20 17:16, Leslie Jensen skrev: Excuse me for using this thread but I feel I have a problem related to this, but with Thunderbird not opening URLs. I followed all instructions I can find, but have not been successful. Using the config editor I added the following, and have checked that it is in the file prefs.js: user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.ftp, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.http, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.https, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.ftp, true); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.http, true); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.https, true); This does not work for me and has been so for a while. It started after an upgrade. If anyone has a solution to this problem I would like to read about it. Thank you :-) I just goggled a little more and found a mention of the file mimeTypes.rdf The changes I made was not transferred to this file. Editing the entries with firefox to the correct path did it. Sorry for the noise :-) /Leslie ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Was... A quick fix for Firefox mailto: issues Now... The other way round problem
On 01/21/12 02:27, Leslie Jensen wrote: 2012-01-20 17:16, Leslie Jensen skrev: Excuse me for using this thread but I feel I have a problem related to this, but with Thunderbird not opening URLs. I followed all instructions I can find, but have not been successful. Using the config editor I added the following, and have checked that it is in the file prefs.js: user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.ftp, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.http, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.https, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.ftp, true); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.http, true); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.https, true); This does not work for me and has been so for a while. It started after an upgrade. If anyone has a solution to this problem I would like to read about it. Thank you :-) I just goggled a little more and found a mention of the file mimeTypes.rdf The changes I made was not transferred to this file. Editing the entries with firefox to the correct path did it. Sorry for the noise :-) I didn't know about that one- we use thunderbrowse here. Check addons :) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Was... A quick fix for Firefox mailto: issues Now... The other way round problem
If you backed up up your ~/.thunderbird file before you upgraded (yes, I was shocked to see that I actually did back mine up), copy the mimeTypes.rdf from your old install to the new install (its in the .thunderbird directory, 2 levels down) and your browser of choice will launch on a thunderbird link-click, again. Tim Kellers NJIT On 1/20/12 6:32 PM, Da Rock wrote: On 01/21/12 02:27, Leslie Jensen wrote: 2012-01-20 17:16, Leslie Jensen skrev: Excuse me for using this thread but I feel I have a problem related to this, but with Thunderbird not opening URLs. I followed all instructions I can find, but have not been successful. Using the config editor I added the following, and have checked that it is in the file prefs.js: user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.ftp, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.http, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.app.https, /usr/local/bin/firefox); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.ftp, true); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.http, true); user_pref(network.protocol-handler.warn-external.https, true); This does not work for me and has been so for a while. It started after an upgrade. If anyone has a solution to this problem I would like to read about it. Thank you :-) I just goggled a little more and found a mention of the file mimeTypes.rdf The changes I made was not transferred to this file. Editing the entries with firefox to the correct path did it. Sorry for the noise :-) I didn't know about that one- we use thunderbrowse here. Check addons :) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick build of stripped-down kernel
from b. f. bf1...@googlemail.com: If the kernel versions were compatible, and the set of modules were the same, I suppose you could set MODULES_WITH_WORLD and KODIR=/boot/modules during buildworld and installworld, to build the modules as part of buildworld and install them in /boot/modules during installworld, rather than in /boot/kernel or /boot/kernel2. Then you could build and install both of your kernels with NO_MODULES, as previously discussed, and with your different choices of KODIR for each kernel. Because /boot/modules is part of the default module_path defined in /boot/defaults/loader.conf, the modules ought to load as usual for either kernel. If you wanted to place them in a different directory, you could alter KODIR during buildworld and installworld, and add the directory to module_path in /boot/loader.conf. I haven't tested this, but I think that it will work, and I'd be interested to hear whether it does. There are of course alternative methods. b. That should be helpful; I could do that when FreeBSD 9.0-RC3 comes out. I would only use the single set of modules when kernels are built from the same source tree; otherwise there could be incompatibility. I might also want to build FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE, when that comes out, for i386, on a 16 GB USB stick, and run on new computer and older 32-bit computer. Older computer USB is not directly bootable, but USB can be booted using PLOP boot manager (http://www.plop.at/). Tom ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick build of stripped-down kernel
On Fri Nov 25 11, Thomas Mueller wrote: from b. f. bf1...@googlemail.com: If you are going to build most of the modules, but only want to exclude a few, then add the directories of the modules to be excluded (relative to /usr/src/sys/modules) to WITHOUT_MODULES, for example in /etc/make.conf. If you are only going to build a few modules, and want to exclude the majority of the modules, then add the directories of the modules that are to be built to MODULES_OVERRIDE. For no modules at all, set NO_MODULES. See /usr/src/sys/modules/Makefile and /usr/src/sys/conf/kern.post.mk for details. You may also save some time by using one of your faster machines to build the OS for the slower machines. Suppose you want to build more than one kernel so as to be able to choose at boot time. Then you might not want to build modules redundantly. So how would you make the modules from /boot/kernel accessible when booting /boot/kernel2? irrc there was a patch posted on some of the mailinglists not a long time ago, which added support for building only those modules, which aren't part of the kernel. this might be a good alternative, if you want a small footprint, but want to take advantage of all the freebsd kernel drivers/etc. cheers. alex Tom ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
RE: Quick build of stripped-down kernel
At 10:39 AM 11/24/2011, Terrence Koeman wrote: Add makeoptions NO_MODULES=yes to your KERNCONF. Thank you (and thanks also to the other folks who responded in private e-mail). It also has a second advantage: besides disabling generation of the .ko files, it also suppresses compilation of drivers that are not going to be linked statically into the kernel. Build on an older Pentium II server took about 10-12% of the time! Worth knowing about. --Brett Glass ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick build of stripped-down kernel
On 11/25/11, Thomas Mueller mueller6...@bellsouth.net wrote: from b. f. bf1...@googlemail.com: If you are going to build most of the modules, but only want to exclude a few, then add the directories of the modules to be excluded (relative to /usr/src/sys/modules) to WITHOUT_MODULES, for example in /etc/make.conf. If you are only going to build a few modules, and want to exclude the majority of the modules, then add the directories of the modules that are to be built to MODULES_OVERRIDE. For no modules at all, set NO_MODULES. See /usr/src/sys/modules/Makefile and /usr/src/sys/conf/kern.post.mk for details. You may also save some time by using one of your faster machines to build the OS for the slower machines. Suppose you want to build more than one kernel so as to be able to choose at boot time. Then you might not want to build modules redundantly. So how would you make the modules from /boot/kernel accessible when booting /boot/kernel2? If the kernel versions were compatible, and the set of modules were the same, I suppose you could set MODULES_WITH_WORLD and KODIR=/boot/modules during buildworld and installworld, to build the modules as part of buildworld and install them in /boot/modules during installworld, rather than in /boot/kernel or /boot/kernel2. Then you could build and install both of your kernels with NO_MODULES, as previously discussed, and with your different choices of KODIR for each kernel. Because /boot/modules is part of the default module_path defined in /boot/defaults/loader.conf, the modules ought to load as usual for either kernel. If you wanted to place them in a different directory, you could alter KODIR during buildworld and installworld, and add the directory to module_path in /boot/loader.conf. I haven't tested this, but I think that it will work, and I'd be interested to hear whether it does. There are of course alternative methods. b. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
buildkernel not honoring WITH_MODULES from make.conf ? (was: Re: Quick build of stripped-down kernel)
On 11/24/11 4:17 PM, b. f. wrote: If you are going to build most of the modules, but only want to exclude a few, then add the directories of the modules to be excluded (relative to /usr/src/sys/modules) to WITHOUT_MODULES, for example in /etc/make.conf. If you are only going to build a few modules, and want to exclude the majority of the modules, then add the directories of the modules that are to be built to MODULES_OVERRIDE. For no modules at all, set NO_MODULES. See /usr/src/sys/modules/Makefile and /usr/src/sys/conf/kern.post.mk for details. You may also save some time by using one of your faster machines to build the OS for the slower machines. b. Hijacking this thread to report what might or might not be a problem on my part. On a 8.2-RELEASE box, I have set the following in /etc/make.conf: KERNCONF=MULTI WITH_MODULES=geom_label if_lagg linprocfs linsysfs linux mfi_linux I have then run, from /usr/src : make buildkernel make installkernel I notice, at the end of installkernel: [snip] === xl (install) install -o root -g wheel -m 555 if_xl.ko /boot/kernel install -o root -g wheel -m 555 if_xl.ko.symbols /boot/kernel === zfs (install) install -o root -g wheel -m 555 zfs.ko /boot/kernel install -o root -g wheel -m 555 zfs.ko.symbols /boot/kernel Why does it build and install these modules (and a whole lot of other ones) although they're not part of my WITH_MODULES list ? kldstat reports: Id Refs AddressSize Name 1 21 0x8010 999620 kernel 21 0x80a9a000 bc10 geom_label.ko 31 0x80aa6000 1358 mfi_linux.ko 44 0x80aa8000 42558linux.ko 51 0x80c22000 3ee0 linprocfs.ko 61 0x80c26000 a11 linsysfs.ko 71 0x80c27000 4f2c if_lagg.ko My issue here is that I totally don't need if_xl for example and would really love for it to be neither built nor installed. Have I misunderstood WITH_MODULES' use ? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
RE: buildkernel not honoring WITH_MODULES from make.conf ? (was: Re: Quick build of stripped-down kernel)
On Fri, 25 Nov 2011 at 19:27:54, Damien Fleuriot wrote: On 11/24/11 4:17 PM, b. f. wrote: If you are going to build most of the modules, but only want to exclude a few, then add the directories of the modules to be excluded (relative to /usr/src/sys/modules) to WITHOUT_MODULES, for example in /etc/make.conf. If you are only going to build a few modules, and want to exclude the majority of the modules, then add the directories of the modules that are to be built to MODULES_OVERRIDE. For no modules at all, set NO_MODULES. See /usr/src/sys/modules/Makefile and /usr/src/sys/conf/kern.post.mk for details. You may also save some time by using one of your faster machines to build the OS for the slower machines. b. Have I misunderstood WITH_MODULES' use ? The answer is in the post you quoted: use MODULES_OVERRIDE. -- Regards, T. Koeman, MTh/BSc/BPsy; Technical Monk MediaMonks B.V. (www.mediamonks.com) Please quote relevant replies in correspondence. smime.p7s Description: S/MIME cryptographic signature
Quick build of stripped-down kernel
Everyone: Happy Thanksgiving! This week, I've been building FreeBSD 9.0-RC2 kernels for various machines, and on some of the older and slower ones it's been taking quite a long time. One of the reasons for this is that even if you strip 98% of the drivers out of the kernel, they are all still built as loadable modules. The machines in question will NEVER use those modules, so it's a waste of time and disk space. How hard would it be to create a build target for make that would avoid building the loadable modules and just leave them out of the directory where the new kernel is placed after installation? I am not intimately familiar with the cascade of makefiles that does the build I could probably figure out what to tweak, but if someone who is expert in this can help it would be appreciated. It would save me countless hours. --Brett Glass ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick build of stripped-down kernel
Brett Glass wrote: Everyone: Happy Thanksgiving! This week, I've been building FreeBSD 9.0-RC2 kernels for various machines, and on some of the older and slower ones it's been taking quite a long time. One of the reasons for this is that even if you strip 98% of the drivers out of the kernel, they are all still built as loadable modules. The machines in question will NEVER use those modules, so it's a waste of time and disk space. How hard would it be to create a build target for make that would avoid building the loadable modules and just leave them out of the directory where the new kernel is placed after installation? I am not intimately familiar with the cascade of makefiles that does the build I could probably figure out what to tweak, but if someone who is expert in this can help it would be appreciated. It would save me countless hours. Unless the man pages are out of date and inaccurate this used to be done with make.conf and NO_MODULES. I thought this had been moved into src.conf, but I don't see it in the man page for src.conf. man make.conf for details, as it is also possible to control which modules you want or do not want built as well. -Mike ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick build of stripped-down kernel
Happy Thanksgiving! This week, I've been building FreeBSD 9.0-RC2 And to you, too. kernels for various machines, and on some of the older and slower ones it's been taking quite a long time. One of the reasons for this is that even if you strip 98% of the drivers out of the kernel, they are all still built as loadable modules. The machines in question will NEVER use those modules, so it's a waste of time and disk space. How hard would it be to create a build target for make that would avoid building the loadable modules and just leave them out of the directory where the new kernel is placed after installation? I am not intimately familiar with the cascade of makefiles that does the build I could probably figure out what to tweak, but if someone who is expert in this can help it would be appreciated. It would save me countless hours. If you are going to build most of the modules, but only want to exclude a few, then add the directories of the modules to be excluded (relative to /usr/src/sys/modules) to WITHOUT_MODULES, for example in /etc/make.conf. If you are only going to build a few modules, and want to exclude the majority of the modules, then add the directories of the modules that are to be built to MODULES_OVERRIDE. For no modules at all, set NO_MODULES. See /usr/src/sys/modules/Makefile and /usr/src/sys/conf/kern.post.mk for details. You may also save some time by using one of your faster machines to build the OS for the slower machines. b. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick build of stripped-down kernel
from b. f. bf1...@googlemail.com: If you are going to build most of the modules, but only want to exclude a few, then add the directories of the modules to be excluded (relative to /usr/src/sys/modules) to WITHOUT_MODULES, for example in /etc/make.conf. If you are only going to build a few modules, and want to exclude the majority of the modules, then add the directories of the modules that are to be built to MODULES_OVERRIDE. For no modules at all, set NO_MODULES. See /usr/src/sys/modules/Makefile and /usr/src/sys/conf/kern.post.mk for details. You may also save some time by using one of your faster machines to build the OS for the slower machines. Suppose you want to build more than one kernel so as to be able to choose at boot time. Then you might not want to build modules redundantly. So how would you make the modules from /boot/kernel accessible when booting /boot/kernel2? Tom ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Just a quick note/correction for whomever edits the web page:
On the installation pages describing the process to make a USB installation, you reference downloading win32-image-writer for making a USB from Windows. Your link points to http://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/, which is actually (or is now) https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/. I'm not sure why it would change to HTTPS, but I thought it might be worth changing on the web site. :) Cheers, __ Scott Lucas IT Officer, m.s. Statendam Holland America Line 300 Elliot Avenue West, Seattle, WA 98119 ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Just a quick note/correction for whomever edits the web page:
Hi, Reference: From: SADM-IT Officer (HAL) sadm-it_offi...@hollandamerica.com Date: Fri, 8 Jul 2011 06:23:33 -0800 Message-id: aff5047dc54c6b4cab1426a816a02b506a83e09...@statendamex01.stdmdomain.hal.com SADM-IT Officer (HAL) wrote: On the installation pages describing the process to make a USB installation, you reference downloading win32-image-writer for making a USB from Windows. Your link points to http://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/, which is actually (or is now) https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/. I'm not sure why it would change to HTTPS, but I thought it might be worth changing on the web site. :) Cheers, __ Scott Lucas IT Officer, m.s. Statendam Holland America Line 300 Elliot Avenue West, Seattle, WA 98119 ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org Hi, Nice of you to try to file a bug report, but writing to this list will not get it fixed, as you'r just writing to list questi...@freebsd.org Please: 1 give precise web ref = URL of bug you refer to 2 choose correct list to write to (if you even need a list) Look at list of mail lists http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo Maybe you want USB list or some other ? Or ... 3 Main Thing, Do file a bug report Either use send-pr or http://www.freebsd.org/support/bugreports.html Cheers, Julian -- Julian Stacey, BSD Unix Linux C Sys Eng Consultants Munich http://berklix.com Reply below, not above; Indent with ; Cumulative like a play script. Format: Plain text. Not HTML, multipart/alternative, base64, quoted-printable. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
RE: Just a quick note/correction for whomever edits the web page:
I actually made it general (although I definitely should have pointed out the instance I was looking at) on purpose; I find that in instruction sets such as these there are often multiple sets of instructions. Either way, I'm glad you were able to see it, just trying to help. :) Cheers, __ Scott Lucas IT Officer, m.s. Statendam Holland America Line 300 Elliot Avenue West, Seattle, WA 98119 -Original Message- From: Warren Block [mailto:wbl...@wonkity.com] Sent: Friday, July 08, 2011 9:22 AM To: SADM-IT Officer (HAL) Cc: 'freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org' Subject: Re: Just a quick note/correction for whomever edits the web page: On Fri, 8 Jul 2011, SADM-IT Officer (HAL) wrote: On the installation pages describing the process to make a USB installation, you reference downloading win32-image-writer for making a USB from Windows. Your link points to http://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/, which is actually (or is now) https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/. I'm not sure why it would change to HTTPS, but I thought it might be worth changing on the web site. :) As Julian Stacey notes, an exact pointer to the mistake helps. There's a lot of FreeBSD docs, and a lot of people working on them. I'm familiar with this one, so I entered a PR for it. http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=158739 Thanks! ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick question about sound drivers (esp. snd_hda)
On Fri, 11 Mar 2011 15:29:44 -0500 Brian Waters brianmwat...@gmail.com wrote: It seems to me that under /dev, you can have the following sound-related device files: dspX dspX.Y (among others) I'm having some trouble getting my sound to work (Dell Inspiron E1705/Inspiron 9400 with Sigmatel STAC9220 codec). I've read the manpages for snd and snd_hda (which is the appropriate driver), and increased the verbosity of the drivers and read the kernel log and /dev/sndstat, but I still can't quite wrap my head around everything. If the driver appears to load, then /dev/dsp should be created automatically when something tries to access it (e.g. cat /dev/random /dev/dsp). -- Bruce Cran ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick question about sound drivers (esp. snd_hda)
On 12 March 2011 08:34, Bruce Cran br...@cran.org.uk wrote: On Fri, 11 Mar 2011 15:29:44 -0500 Brian Waters brianmwat...@gmail.com wrote: It seems to me that under /dev, you can have the following sound-related device files: dspX dspX.Y (among others) I'm having some trouble getting my sound to work (Dell Inspiron E1705/Inspiron 9400 with Sigmatel STAC9220 codec). I've read the manpages for snd and snd_hda (which is the appropriate driver), and increased the verbosity of the drivers and read the kernel log and /dev/sndstat, but I still can't quite wrap my head around everything. If the driver appears to load, then /dev/dsp should be created automatically when something tries to access it (e.g. cat /dev/random /dev/dsp). An important point that I had trouble with recently; the dsp* files don't appear until they are read/written to! Chris ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Quick question about sound drivers (esp. snd_hda)
It seems to me that under /dev, you can have the following sound-related device files: dspX dspX.Y (among others) I'm having some trouble getting my sound to work (Dell Inspiron E1705/Inspiron 9400 with Sigmatel STAC9220 codec). I've read the manpages for snd and snd_hda (which is the appropriate driver), and increased the verbosity of the drivers and read the kernel log and /dev/sndstat, but I still can't quite wrap my head around everything. What I'm wondering is: what exactly is the meaning of X and Y above? I'm assuming that X comes from the association numbers in the snd_hda driver, but I could be wrong. Please correct me! Thanks, Brian Waters ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick question about sound drivers (esp. snd_hda)
On Fri, Mar 11, 2011 at 03:29:44PM -0500, Brian Waters wrote: It seems to me that under /dev, you can have the following sound-related device files: dspX dspX.Y (among others) I'm having some trouble getting my sound to work (Dell Inspiron E1705/Inspiron 9400 with Sigmatel STAC9220 codec). I've read the manpages for snd and snd_hda (which is the appropriate driver), and increased the verbosity of the drivers and read the kernel log and /dev/sndstat, but I still can't quite wrap my head around everything. What I'm wondering is: what exactly is the meaning of X and Y above? I'm assuming that X comes from the association numbers in the snd_hda driver, but I could be wrong. Please correct me! Thanks, Brian Waters Have you tried setting the default unit: # sysctl hw.snd.default_unit=1 If that works, you can make it permanent with: # echo hw.snd.default_unit=1 /etc/sysctl.conf If it doesn't, you have to post the output of: $ cat /dev/sndstat Make sure your volume is turned up: mixer(8) HTH. Regards, -- Frank Contact info: http://www.shute.org.uk/misc/contact.html pgpzIsMzeo4UM.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: Quick question about sound drivers (esp. snd_hda)
Yeah, I have tried all the basic stuff. At this point, I've basically accepted that solving the problem on my machine is going to involve a whole bunch of technical stuff that I don't have the patience for - reading the HDA spec and the codec datasheet, reading the driver code, and making changes to the driver and default settings where necessary. (The hardware does work fine with the Linux kernel.) So yeah... that's probably never going to happen. I'm still wondering where the numbers in the names for the device special files come from. And thanks, Frank. - BW On Fri, Mar 11, 2011 at 6:31 PM, Frank Shute fr...@shute.org.uk wrote: On Fri, Mar 11, 2011 at 03:29:44PM -0500, Brian Waters wrote: It seems to me that under /dev, you can have the following sound-related device files: dspX dspX.Y (among others) I'm having some trouble getting my sound to work (Dell Inspiron E1705/Inspiron 9400 with Sigmatel STAC9220 codec). I've read the manpages for snd and snd_hda (which is the appropriate driver), and increased the verbosity of the drivers and read the kernel log and /dev/sndstat, but I still can't quite wrap my head around everything. What I'm wondering is: what exactly is the meaning of X and Y above? I'm assuming that X comes from the association numbers in the snd_hda driver, but I could be wrong. Please correct me! Thanks, Brian Waters Have you tried setting the default unit: # sysctl hw.snd.default_unit=1 If that works, you can make it permanent with: # echo hw.snd.default_unit=1 /etc/sysctl.conf If it doesn't, you have to post the output of: $ cat /dev/sndstat Make sure your volume is turned up: mixer(8) HTH. Regards, -- Frank Contact info: http://www.shute.org.uk/misc/contact.html ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick question about sound drivers (esp. snd_hda)
Hi, On Saturday 12 March 2011 04:29:44 Brian Waters wrote: It seems to me that under /dev, you can have the following sound-related device files: dspX dspX.Y (among others) this is what you see after your driver is loaded. You might have to tell an application which one to use. I'm having some trouble getting my sound to work (Dell Inspiron E1705/Inspiron 9400 with Sigmatel STAC9220 codec). I've read the manpages for snd and snd_hda (which is the appropriate driver), and increased the verbosity of the drivers and read the kernel log and /dev/sndstat, but I still can't quite wrap my head around everything. I have different hardware but I use the same driver. I did not compile it into the kernel after getting into trouble. Since I load it with: kldload snd_hda it works as expected. If trouble come up, I kick it our and reload it. What I'm wondering is: what exactly is the meaning of X and Y above? I'm assuming that X comes from the association numbers in the snd_hda driver, but I could be wrong. Please correct me! I do not really know but I have had to tell vlc which to use. Erich ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick question about sound drivers (esp. snd_hda)
2011-03-11 21:29, Brian Waters: It seems to me that under /dev, you can have the following sound-related device files: dspX dspX.Y (among others) I'm having some trouble getting my sound to work (Dell Inspiron E1705/Inspiron 9400 with Sigmatel STAC9220 codec). I've read the manpages for snd and snd_hda (which is the appropriate driver), and increased the verbosity of the drivers and read the kernel log and /dev/sndstat, but I still can't quite wrap my head around everything. What I'm wondering is: what exactly is the meaning of X and Y above? I'm assuming that X comes from the association numbers in the snd_hda driver, but I could be wrong. Please correct me! This is what I think. dsp0.0 is the first device on the first bus and so on. %ls -l /dev/ds* crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel0, 155 11 Mar 19:16 /dev/dsp0.0 crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel0, 148 9 Mar 11:16 /dev/dsp1.0 crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel0, 146 9 Mar 11:16 /dev/dsp2.0 crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel0, 121 9 Mar 11:16 /dev/dsp3.0 %cat /dev/sndstat FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm: 64bit 2009061500/amd64) Installed devices: pcm0: HDA Realtek ALC888 PCM #0 Analog (play/rec) default pcm1: HDA Realtek ALC888 PCM #1 Analog (play/rec) pcm2: HDA Realtek ALC888 PCM #2 Digital (play/rec) pcm3: HDA ATI R6xx HDMI PCM #0 HDMI (play) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Subject: pf: pass in quick to port 25 still getting some blocks
setting up pf on fbsd 7.2 for host security on a mail gateway. the only rule for port 25 is: pass in quick on em0 inet proto tcp from any to $ext_if port = smtp flags S/SA keep state and then last rule: block drop in log on em0 inet from any to $ext_if while 1000s of connections to port 25 are getting through with the pass rule, several 100 connections are getting blocked with the default block rule, bypassing the pass rule. I can't see how pf is selecting these connections to be blocked. thanks Len ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Subject: pf: pass in quick to port 25 still getting some blocks
On 7/2/10 5:25 PM, Len Conrad wrote: setting up pf on fbsd 7.2 for host security on a mail gateway. the only rule for port 25 is: pass in quick on em0 inet proto tcp from any to $ext_if port = smtp flags S/SA keep state and then last rule: block drop in log on em0 inet from any to $ext_if while 1000s of connections to port 25 are getting through with the pass rule, several 100 connections are getting blocked with the default block rule, bypassing the pass rule. I can't see how pf is selecting these connections to be blocked. In what sense are the packets that are getting blocked part of a connection? Are you sure the blocked packets are actually a legitimate first packet, with the appropriate flags set, or is the flags S/SA portion of your rule not matching? -- --Jon Radel j...@radel.com
[GJournal+Geli] Quick question before installation
Hi list I am new to all these features and I am about to install FreeBSD8.0 from a USB Drive. Before I take any further steps, I would like to ask whether is possible to perform an installation having an encrypted journaled UFS2 filesystem. As far as I know, I would say it is possible since gjournal and UFS2 operate on top of geli. Is this correct? Thanks in advance and have a nice day. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: [GJournal+Geli] Quick question before installation
On 02/26/10 14:40, Malibu Carl wrote: Hi list I am new to all these features and I am about to install FreeBSD8.0 from a USB Drive. Before I take any further steps, I would like to ask whether is possible to perform an installation having an encrypted journaled UFS2 filesystem. As far as I know, I would say it is possible since gjournal and UFS2 operate on top of geli. Is this correct? Yes, you would have this graph of GEOM classes: DISK - [possibly some partitions or slices] - GELI - GJOURNAL - UFS GJOURNAL and UFS need to be together, other classes are not position sensitive (within reason). ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Quick question about http://www.freebsd.org/docs/books.html
Hello, I'm interested in placing a promotional link on your page: http://www.freebsd.org/docs/books.html. The link would be for a website which offers used college textbooks. I don't have the biggest budget, but hopefully there is a reasonable price we could arrange. Please let me know if you're interested, and if not thanks for your time. Thanks! Cassandra Smith http://www.betterlinkadvertising.com/ 1-800-764-8130 If you are uninterested and do not wish to receive offers like this please copy and paste (or click) this link on your browser, http://www.betterlinkadvertising.com/remove.html?id=1265354049:183044 to be removed from our list and we will never contact you again. Thank you for your time. DISCLAIMER: This email and any attachments to it may be confidential and are intended solely for the use of the individual to whom it is addressed. Any views or opinions expressed are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of Better Link Advertising. If you are not the intended recipient of this email, you must neither take any action based upon its contents, nor copy or show it to anyone. Please contact the sender if you believe you have received this email in error. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Quick question about http://www.freebsd.org/docs/books.html
Hi Cassandra, I certainly don't speak for FreeBSD, however I don't believe you would need to arrange any price to put a listing on this page. If you would be so kind to email the text and a pointer to the website, I, or many other capable documentation specialists, would be happy to add it to the website listing. I hope this helps, and look forward to seeing the contribution. Thanks! Jason On Fri, Feb 05, 2010 at 06:35:16PM -0500, Cassandra Smith thus spake: Hello, I'm interested in placing a promotional link on your page: http://www.freebsd.org/docs/books.html. The link would be for a website which offers used college textbooks. I don't have the biggest budget, but hopefully there is a reasonable price we could arrange. Please let me know if you're interested, and if not thanks for your time. Thanks! Cassandra Smith http://www.betterlinkadvertising.com/ 1-800-764-8130 If you are uninterested and do not wish to receive offers like this please copy and paste (or click) this link on your browser, http://www.betterlinkadvertising.com/remove.html?id=1265354049:183044 to be removed from our list and we will never contact you again. Thank you for your time. DISCLAIMER: This email and any attachments to it may be confidential and are intended solely for the use of the individual to whom it is addressed. Any views or opinions expressed are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of Better Link Advertising. If you are not the intended recipient of this email, you must neither take any action based upon its contents, nor copy or show it to anyone. Please contact the sender if you believe you have received this email in error. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
Hi Roland, many thanks for the response!!! :-) I waited until I had a test server setup and at least now I do.. In fact I think from my usage perspective FreeBSD is not that difficult to understand!!! I now have a test machine setup which I built nano and Bind 9.6.1 from the ports collection and I have ntp and nfs setup too. I am currently wondering what to do about the disk space as nothing is used: test# df -h Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/ad0s1a 34G1.2G 30G 4%/ devfs 1.0K1.0K 0B 100%/dev devfs 1.0K1.0K 0B 100%/var/named/dev If I create separate partitions for /var /usr and /tmp I am sure that I won't need that much unless I have a totally dynamic file system which will grow over time. But with minimal usage just to transfer the off file but mainly read files from as now the users are going down to 1 machine (just me) so I think with 2GB I can probably get away with it for each filesystem??? What do you say? Many thanks to everyone else that responded to this thread/post all your help and advice has been much appreciated! Regards, Kaya P.s. The good part with this is that I'm only using 23MB or memory too which is incredible considering that Linux or Solaris would take so much more. This is kinda cool.. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
Just to give a quick overview of what is being used currently: test# du -sch etc 1.7Metc 1.7Mtotal test# du -sch var 1.0Mvar 1.0Mtotal test# du -sch tmp 10Ktmp 10Ktotal test# du -sch usr 1.0Gusr 1.0Gtotal I think I could get away with 500MB for /var and /tmp and have /usr as 2 or 3GB?? What's everyone's verdict? Also I didn't realize and forgot to mention before that NFS on BSD won't export /home but instead exports the link in /usr/home. as I had issues with bad exports line /home in /var/log/messages! In addition I edited my rc.conf file to include these extra lines as per Google; what's everyone's opinion on them though as I'm a little unsure of what they do (indicated with *): inetd_enable=YES keymap=us.iso nfs_server_enable=YES *nfs_server_flags=-u -t -n 4 rpcbind_enable=YES *rpcbind_flags=-r sshd_enable=YES named_enable=YES mountd_enable=YES ntpd_enable=YES Finally for Bind I don't get why everything has been stuffed into named.conf??? In terms of all root servers etc Linux is very different in that a separate dir is created with separate file for root servers. Is there any particular reason for this?? --Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Fri, Jan 01, 2010 at 11:41:04PM +0200, Kaya Saman wrote: Hi Roland, many thanks for the response!!! :-) You're welcome! I waited until I had a test server setup and at least now I do.. In fact I think from my usage perspective FreeBSD is not that difficult to understand!!! If you're used to Solaris of Linux, it should be familiar. But there are some differences in details. I now have a test machine setup which I built nano and Bind 9.6.1 from the ports collection and I have ntp and nfs setup too. I am currently wondering what to do about the disk space as nothing is used: test# df -h Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/ad0s1a 34G1.2G 30G 4%/ devfs 1.0K1.0K 0B 100%/dev devfs 1.0K1.0K 0B 100%/var/named/dev If I create separate partitions for /var /usr and /tmp I am sure that I won't need that much unless I have a totally dynamic file system which will grow over time. You do realize that changing partitions will destroy your filesystems? Just so you know. :-) But with minimal usage just to transfer the off file but mainly read files from as now the users are going down to 1 machine (just me) so I think with 2GB I can probably get away with it for each filesystem??? What do you say? It really depends on what you want to do with it... How many ports do you want to install? What kind of servers do you want to run? How much data will the users generate/store? All these questions have an impact, and nobody can answer them for you. :-) You could leave it as it is for now, and just use the machine for a while, and see how big the different directories get over time. (hint; use du(1) to check the size of all files under a directory) Once you've got a feeling for how much space you need, you can backup your data (config files and user data) and do a new install where you partition the disk properly. That's the best way IMO. P.s. The good part with this is that I'm only using 23MB or memory too which is incredible considering that Linux or Solaris would take so much more. This is kinda cool.. You can reduce memory usage somewhat more by building a kernel that only contains the drivers that you need compiled in, and nothing else. If you don't build kernel modules, it will save some disk space as well. Roland -- R.F.Smith http://www.xs4all.nl/~rsmith/ [plain text _non-HTML_ PGP/GnuPG encrypted/signed email much appreciated] pgp: 1A2B 477F 9970 BA3C 2914 B7CE 1277 EFB0 C321 A725 (KeyID: C321A725) pgpY7I6WIYC7K.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 11:49:31PM +0200, Kaya Saman wrote: Hi guys, I attempted an install of 7.2 stable on my laptop and subsequently installed X11also. Now I didn't have any Xorg.conf file but each time I tried to start X from the CLI using the normal startx command (read the documentation through fully beforehand) but I didn't manage to get the mouse or keyboard to even work let alone starting the Gnome2 interface. Beside the two daemons others refered to, you sould also edit ~/.initrc and ~/xsession. For me both have the line: 'exec startkde'. Thats the command to start kde. I am looking to setup a small file server which I will use as DNS and NTP server also. The reason for selecting FreeBSD is that the system I about to install onto doesn't have much memory (not sure how much but probably in the region of 300-500MB perhaps) and although Linux would definitely suite this kind of system as Solaris needs round 2GB or so for OpenSolaris, I am quite interested to learn FreeBSD but also take advantage of the ZFS file system which is standard now in version 8. I would stick with UFS of UFS2. The latter if you don't intent to share them with *BSD. As I understand ZFS uses quite a lot more resources. If I wanted to something with RAID I might still use it, but even so still would use UFS to the system slices. If you low on disk space you can reduce this. I have used 256M for / in the past but would advise against this. You would need something like 8G for /usr. But may need to raise that by 5G if you build ports. I have larger /temp of 7G, but also build ports there. If you build Java it would need a least 4G. I won't be installing a GUI on this machine since it is going to be a server so I would like to know if BSD has a small footprint memory and CPU wise for me to run on the machine in question which is a PIV? It's not a problem. The footprint depends more on the ports you like to run. Also just to make sure: NFS, Samba, NTPd, and ISC's Bind are all supported on FreeBSD aren't they?? Some come with the system, others you have to install. -- Alex Please copy the original recipients, otherwise I may not read your reply. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 04:20:10PM -0600, Adam Vande More wrote: On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 3:49 PM, Kaya Saman kayasa...@optiplex-networks.com Running with no xorg.conf is fine, but you need to make sure dbus and hal are started at boot. Follow the handbook for best results. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/x-config.html How come? The keybord and mouse work for me without on a simple shell. -- Alex Please copy the original recipients, otherwise I may not read your reply. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 05:04:52PM -0600, Adam Vande More wrote: On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 4:42 PM, Kaya Saman samank...@netscape.net wrote: Also if something goes wrong with the filesystem what are the tools to check the drive and repair errors as in Linux I use e2fsck followed by device ID. Example after a dirty shutdown: fsck -y FreeBSD 7 and up is able to do a lot of this on the background: fsck -yB Adding the line 'fsck_y_enable=YES' to /etc/rc.conf will run fsck -y if the initial preen fails -- Alex ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
Alex de Kruijff wrote: On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 05:04:52PM -0600, Adam Vande More wrote: On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 4:42 PM, Kaya Saman samank...@netscape.net wrote: Also if something goes wrong with the filesystem what are the tools to check the drive and repair errors as in Linux I use e2fsck followed by device ID. Example after a dirty shutdown: fsck -y FreeBSD 7 and up is able to do a lot of this on the background: fsck -yB Adding the line 'fsck_y_enable=YES' to /etc/rc.conf will run fsck -y if the initial preen fails Many thanks guys for all the advice :-) It is really appreciated! Sorry haven't snipped more stuff into this mail but things are a bit hectic here but what I will say is this; in a few hours once the BSD 8 DVD ISO comes in I will attempt an install and have a look at what's what. The server will be constructed first and then I will look at the GUI environment with Vbox. I reckon the proposed disk usage spec from the FreeBSD hand book should suffice though shouldn't it?? With a larger HD I would normally do something like 15 - 25GB / (root) partition and the rest for /home with round 1.5 - 3GB for swap. Now my HD is round 40GB so I will do a minimal install and try to maximize the /home slice! As result only services I will run are DNS, NTP, SAMBA and NFS. I suppose I could get away with something like 2GB for / which would then contain /tmp, /etc, /root, /boot etc. Only 2 machines will be connected, my uncles Win XP box and my Linux/Solaris system. --Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 at 05:19:54PM +0200, Kaya Saman wrote: Many thanks guys for all the advice :-) It is really appreciated! Sorry haven't snipped more stuff into this mail but things are a bit hectic here but what I will say is this; in a few hours once the BSD 8 DVD ISO comes in I will attempt an install and have a look at what's what. The server will be constructed first and then I will look at the GUI environment with Vbox. I reckon the proposed disk usage spec from the FreeBSD hand book should suffice though shouldn't it?? IMO the root slice is too small in the handbook. You should make it 2GB, since you've got the space. With a larger HD I would normally do something like 15 - 25GB / (root) partition and the rest for /home with round 1.5 - 3GB for swap. Now my HD is round 40GB so I will do a minimal install and try to maximize the /home slice! As result only services I will run are DNS, NTP, SAMBA and NFS. What is not unusual is to symlink /home e.g: # ln -s /usr/home /home ditto for /tmp. i.e you remove all the stuff that uses up space from the root partition. So the only slices you need are /, /usr, /var and swap. How I'd slice up the disk: 2GB for / 2GB for swap 2GB for /var 34GB for /usr I suppose I could get away with something like 2GB for / which would then contain /tmp, /etc, /root, /boot etc. Should be OK but /tmp symlinked to /usr/tmp as some things can really fill up /tmp. For example, IIRC OpenOffice needs gigs of temp space to build. Only 2 machines will be connected, my uncles Win XP box and my Linux/Solaris system. Should work fine. Just remember to make your /home and /tmp symlinks as soon as you first boot up. Regards, -- Frank Contact info: http://www.shute.org.uk/misc/contact.html ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
[...] What is not unusual is to symlink /home e.g: # ln -s /usr/home /home ditto for /tmp. i.e you remove all the stuff that uses up space from the root partition. So the only slices you need are /, /usr, /var and swap. How I'd slice up the disk: 2GB for / 2GB for swap 2GB for /var 34GB for /usr Ah so BSD is slightly different from Linux in the fact that it needs to have /var and /usr filesystems separate?? I guess it must be similar to the way Solaris handles things when UFS based (not ZFS). The /home partition then is very similar to Solaris in that /export/home is considered the user directory. Means BSD stores /home in /usr/home?? Should be OK but /tmp symlinked to /usr/tmp as some things can really fill up /tmp. For example, IIRC OpenOffice needs gigs of temp space to build. OpenOffice or IIRC is for GUI based usage and not CLI. Since this will be a simple server no GUI or work will be done on the machine itself in terms of keyboard/mouse setup. Normally I work through SSH so will be much easier once I have network connectivity up and running after initial install :-) Should work fine. Just remember to make your /home and /tmp symlinks as soon as you first boot up. Regards, Thanks!!! --Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Tue, 29 Dec 2009, Kaya Saman wrote: How I'd slice up the disk: 2GB for / 2GB for swap 2GB for /var 34GB for /usr Ah so BSD is slightly different from Linux in the fact that it needs to have /var and /usr filesystems separate?? It's not required, it's just nice to do if the disk space is available. You can allocate the whole disk to /. With all the free space in one filesystem, that's useful for small disks (under 8G, I'd say). Keeping the filesystems separate provides some versatility at the expense of splitting up the free space. dump(8)ing a 300M / or a 100M /var is a lot easier than a 100G whole disk. -Warren Block * Rapid City, South Dakota USA ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 at 06:37:25PM +0200, Kaya Saman wrote: [...] What is not unusual is to symlink /home e.g: # ln -s /usr/home /home ditto for /tmp. i.e you remove all the stuff that uses up space from the root partition. So the only slices you need are /, /usr, /var and swap. How I'd slice up the disk: 2GB for / 2GB for swap 2GB for /var 34GB for /usr Ah so BSD is slightly different from Linux in the fact that it needs to have /var and /usr filesystems separate?? You can have /var on the same slice but because it's a filesystem that's constantly being read written to it's usual to keep it separate from your static partitions. I guess it must be similar to the way Solaris handles things when UFS based (not ZFS). The /home partition then is very similar to Solaris in that /export/home is considered the user directory. Means BSD stores /home in /usr/home?? Again, it's just a common practice. Due to the PC BIOS, IIRC you're restricted to 4 slices. Should be OK but /tmp symlinked to /usr/tmp as some things can really fill up /tmp. For example, IIRC OpenOffice needs gigs of temp space to build. OpenOffice or IIRC is for GUI based usage and not CLI. Since this will be a simple server no GUI or work will be done on the machine itself in terms of keyboard/mouse setup. Normally I work through SSH so will be much easier once I have network connectivity up and running after initial install :-) OK. You may want to make /tmp a separate slice. You can always make it a symlink into /usr at a latter date if you repurpose the machine. You would find that FreeBSD works quite well as a workstation even with that limited hardware. Should work fine. Just remember to make your /home and /tmp symlinks as soon as you first boot up. Regards, Thanks!!! BTW, you mentioned you were going to use packages. If I were you I'd build from source. It's less problematic in my experience and since FreeBSD multitasks so well it's not much of a pain. You've got plenty of room for the ports tree. Best of luck with your installation! Regards, -- Frank Contact info: http://www.shute.org.uk/misc/contact.html ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 at 04:27:11PM +, Frank Shute wrote: On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 at 05:19:54PM +0200, Kaya Saman wrote: Many thanks guys for all the advice :-) It is really appreciated! ... I reckon the proposed disk usage spec from the FreeBSD hand book should suffice though shouldn't it?? IMO the root slice is too small in the handbook. You should make it 2GB, since you've got the space. First of all, you are mixing up your terminology. You do not mean 'slice' here. The unit used for root or any other filesystem in a non-dangerously-dedicated disk is called a partition. Partitions divisions of slices and are identified as a..h with c reserved for the system and by convention (and expectation of some pieces of software) 'a' is for the bootable OS partition (root) and 'b' is used for swap. In FreeBSD, partitions reside inside of slices. A slice is essentially the same thing as a DOS primary partition and is the initial (primary) division of a disk. A disk drive may have up to four slices identified as 1..4 and each may be made bootable or not and contain different OSen or OS versions. If a disk is only to be used for a single installation of FreeBSD, it is most common to define just one slice which encompasses the whole drive, leaving the other three slices empty and unused. (It is also common to define a 'dangerously dedicated' disk, but that is a different discussion issue than that being addressed here) In FreeBSD, slices are defined and created by the FreeBSD fdisk program, though a number of other partition management utilities can be used and FreeBSD seems to be moving to a new one too. In FreeBSD, one uses bsdlabel(8) to create partitions within a slice. Each slice can have up to 8 identified as a..h, but the 'c' partition is reserved and must be left unused. We use common names associated with partitions, such as / (root) /usr, /var, /home, etc. Those are essentially directories that are 'linked' to a partition by the mount system. You create a mount point using the mkdir(1) command and then link using mount(8). The 'a' partition becomes root because it gets mounted to the / mount point. Now, on to divvying up the disk. I agree that the root partition listed in the handbook is anciently too small. But, I don't see what you need 2GB for unless you put everything (/usr, /var, etc) in it. Since you are defining those separately, root really only needs about a half GigaByte. I am running a little low on one machine with 1/3 GB in root, but still going. I also create a partition for /tmp to keep it isolated from the other filesystems, in case something runs wild. With a larger HD I would normally do something like 15 - 25GB / (root) partition and the rest for /home with round 1.5 - 3GB for swap. Now my HD is round 40GB so I will do a minimal install and try to maximize the /home slice! As result only services I will run are DNS, NTP, SAMBA and NFS. What is not unusual is to symlink /home e.g: # ln -s /usr/home /home ditto for /tmp. i.e you remove all the stuff that uses up space from the root partition. So the only slices you need are /, /usr, /var and swap. How I'd slice up the disk: 2GB for / 2GB for swap 2GB for /var 34GB for /usr I suppose I could get away with something like 2GB for / which would then contain /tmp, /etc, /root, /boot etc. My suggestion is more like: partition mount point Size a/ 512 MegaBytes (1/2 GByte) bswap 2048 MBytes (2 GBytes) d/tmp 512 MBytes e/usr 4096 MBytes f/var 4096 MBytes g/home 29 GB (eg all of the rest of the disk) If you are running a database, you will want /var to be larger or to move things in to that /home file system. I actually use a different mount point name than /home because /home is assumed for other things in some howto-s hanging around. I also move and symlink /usr/local /usr/ports /usr/src and sometimes /var/spool in to that '/home' filesystem and then make the actual /usr and /var only half the above sizes and increase the space in '/home' (33 GB) so they can grow there more easily. Things in a well running system do not grow so much in /tmp and if something does go wild and spew out a lot of stuff, you really want to notice it before it gobbles up 30GB of space, so you need enough /tmp to run easily, but do not want huge amounts. Thus, putting /tmp in its own limited partition is a bit of a protection. All users' login (home) directories and web content go in that '/home' filesystem too, where they can grow without having to redo disk later. In spite of the name that seems to suggest it, I never put users' home directories in /usr. It may have begun that way back in the
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 at 06:37:25PM +0200, Kaya Saman wrote: [...] What is not unusual is to symlink /home e.g: # ln -s /usr/home /home ditto for /tmp. i.e you remove all the stuff that uses up space from the root partition. So the only slices you need are /, /usr, /var and swap. How I'd slice up the disk: 2GB for / 2GB for swap 2GB for /var 34GB for /usr Ah so BSD is slightly different from Linux in the fact that it needs to have /var and /usr filesystems separate?? It doesn't _need_ to have separate filesystems. It is just convenient. If you want to stick everything (apart from swap) on a single / partition, you can do so. If that is wise is another thing. :-) If your server will never hold much data (e.g. just a router/firewall) it would probably be fine. It depends on the use you want to put the machine to, and if/where you expect to store a lot of stuff. For my desktop I tend to put /home on a separate partition because that is where most of my data is. For a server I would put the big directories where the data is stored on separate partitions. E.g. the DocumentRoot for your Apache webserver. Or whereever the place is where an SQL server stores its data. The /home partition then is very similar to Solaris in that /export/home is considered the user directory. Means BSD stores /home in /usr/home?? If you don't make a separate /home partition, sysinstall will indeed default to making /home a symlink to /usr/home, AFAIK. For my desktop, with around 450 ports installed, I have the following lay-out; Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/ad4s1a484M 93M353M21%/ /dev/ad4s1g.eli373G168G175G49%/home /dev/ad4s1e 48G198K 45G 0%/tmp /dev/ad4s1f 19G5.8G 12G32%/usr /dev/ad4s1d1.9G226M1.6G12%/var For swap space (/dev/ad4s1b), I reserved 2x the size of the RAM. The 'Used' column should give you an idea of the minimum space needed for different filesystems. Keep in mind that disk space is relatively cheap, and it is much better to have lots of free space then to run out of space! This division makes it easy to use dump(8) for backup purposes of /, /usr and /var. I do this so it is easy to restore(8) to a functioning system, and keep the size of the dumps reasonably small, although /usr is getting prtty big. Maybe next time I will split off /usr/local (for ports) into a separate filesystem. For big filesystems dump(8) takes a long time and needs a lot of space. I prefer to back those up with rsync(1). Roland -- R.F.Smith http://www.xs4all.nl/~rsmith/ [plain text _non-HTML_ PGP/GnuPG encrypted/signed email much appreciated] pgp: 1A2B 477F 9970 BA3C 2914 B7CE 1277 EFB0 C321 A725 (KeyID: C321A725) pgpNOmODLW3A3.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 at 06:37:25PM +0200, Kaya Saman wrote: [...] What is not unusual is to symlink /home e.g: # ln -s /usr/home /home ditto for /tmp. i.e you remove all the stuff that uses up space from the root partition. So the only slices you need are /, /usr, /var and swap. How I'd slice up the disk: 2GB for / 2GB for swap 2GB for /var 34GB for /usr Ah so BSD is slightly different from Linux in the fact that it needs to have /var and /usr filesystems separate?? No, it doesn't. In fact, technically you can put everything all in / (root), except for swap and you can even create a file in / for that in root if you have the bad judgement to do it that way. It is just a good idea to separate them if those filesystems are likely to grow a lot, such as when installing ports (/usr in /usr/ports and /usr/local) and when building a database (/var in /var/db) or something that spools a lot (/var in /var/spool). It provides a small amount of additional protection for the system. I guess it must be similar to the way Solaris handles things when UFS based (not ZFS). The /home partition then is very similar to Solaris in that /export/home is considered the user directory. Means BSD stores /home in /usr/home?? You can put it where you like. Just do your own links or make your own mounts in /etc/fstab. Should be OK but /tmp symlinked to /usr/tmp as some things can really fill up /tmp. For example, IIRC OpenOffice needs gigs of temp space to build. OpenOffice or IIRC is for GUI based usage and not CLI. Since this will be a simple server no GUI or work will be done on the machine itself in terms of keyboard/mouse setup. Normally I work through SSH so will be much easier once I have network connectivity up and running after initial install :-) So, use 'vi' or install 'vim' from ports and us it. Since 'vi' is always available, it becomes important to learn it and then it is second nature to use it. (actually, vi is not available in single user mode if you do not have /usr mounted, but I usually just put a copy in /bin and then it is always available) jerry Should work fine. Just remember to make your /home and /tmp symlinks as soon as you first boot up. Regards, Thanks!!! --Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
Many thanks again for all suggestions! :-) [...] For my desktop, with around 450 ports installed, I have the following lay-out; Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/ad4s1a484M 93M353M21%/ /dev/ad4s1g.eli373G168G175G49%/home /dev/ad4s1e 48G198K 45G 0%/tmp /dev/ad4s1f 19G5.8G 12G32%/usr /dev/ad4s1d1.9G226M1.6G12%/var [...] Hmm... lot's of different pieces of advice rolling in now! I guess what I will do as I have a small hard disk for what I want to do which is to get rid of my music and few movies which are stored on my laptop currently, is create separate /, /tmp, /usr and /var. I propose which is similar to what Frank has suggested: / ~500M /tmp ~2GB /var ~2GB /usr ~2GB /home the rest but then Jerry has already suggested: partition mount point Size a/ 512 MegaBytes (1/2 GByte) bswap 2048 MBytes (2 GBytes) d/tmp 512 MBytes e/usr 4096 MBytes f/var 4096 MBytes g/home 29 GB (eg all of the rest of the disk) This could be ok I reckon as the 4GB partitions should be there as everyone has suggested for me to use ports and build from source! The reason why I preferred to use package manager was that on say Solaris it's pretty a much a pain having to install all the dependencies from Sun Freeware site. I mean what I will be installing if completely base install with just OS and nothing more like I mentioned before is Samba, NFS server/client, NTP, Nano as the quote below from Jerry using vi or vim is not my preferred text editor as I find them extremely difficult and a real pain to use. In addition I do not think this machine has a DVD drive either although I haven't fired up the Win build yet to transfer files but from what the drive says on the front of 52x looks like it's CD only :-( This means that I will need to download the minimal install CD and install the packages from there! For this reason the discussed packages above will need to be downloaded and installed my best guess is from source. Meaning I will need extra space in one of the filesystems but am unsure where the source gets stored?? My best guess would be /usr? Have setup the machine now and am almost at the point of attempted an install! :-) Guys the support has been really awsome and I highly appreciate everyones efforts to assist me! [quote] So, use 'vi' or install 'vim' from ports and us it. Since 'vi' is always available, it becomes important to learn it and then it is second nature to use it. (actually, vi is not available in single user mode if you do not have /usr mounted, but I usually just put a copy in /bin and then it is always available) [/quote] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 at 12:25:48PM -0500, Jerry McAllister wrote: On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 at 04:27:11PM +, Frank Shute wrote: On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 at 05:19:54PM +0200, Kaya Saman wrote: Many thanks guys for all the advice :-) It is really appreciated! ... I reckon the proposed disk usage spec from the FreeBSD hand book should suffice though shouldn't it?? IMO the root slice is too small in the handbook. You should make it 2GB, since you've got the space. First of all, you are mixing up your terminology. You do not mean 'slice' here. The unit used for root or any other filesystem in a non-dangerously-dedicated disk is called a partition. Partitions divisions of slices and are identified as a..h with c reserved for the system and by convention (and expectation of some pieces of software) 'a' is for the bootable OS partition (root) and 'b' is used for swap. You're correct. I thought they used a separate slice for the root partition. They don't. I usually do. In FreeBSD, partitions reside inside of slices. A slice is essentially the same thing as a DOS primary partition and is the initial (primary) division of a disk. A disk drive may have up to four slices identified as 1..4 and each may be made bootable or not and contain different OSen or OS versions. If a disk is only to be used for a single installation of FreeBSD, it is most common to define just one slice which encompasses the whole drive, leaving the other three slices empty and unused. (It is also common to define a 'dangerously dedicated' disk, but that is a different discussion issue than that being addressed here) In FreeBSD, slices are defined and created by the FreeBSD fdisk program, though a number of other partition management utilities can be used and FreeBSD seems to be moving to a new one too. In FreeBSD, one uses bsdlabel(8) to create partitions within a slice. Each slice can have up to 8 identified as a..h, but the 'c' partition is reserved and must be left unused. We use common names associated with partitions, such as / (root) /usr, /var, /home, etc. Those are essentially directories that are 'linked' to a partition by the mount system. You create a mount point using the mkdir(1) command and then link using mount(8). The 'a' partition becomes root because it gets mounted to the / mount point. Now, on to divvying up the disk. I agree that the root partition listed in the handbook is anciently too small. But, I don't see what you need 2GB for unless you put everything (/usr, /var, etc) in it. Since you are defining those separately, root really only needs about a half GigaByte. I am running a little low on one machine with 1/3 GB in root, but still going. I also create a partition for /tmp to keep it isolated from the other filesystems, in case something runs wild. I'm struggling with a 1GB / here: /dev/ad0s2a984524 657068 24869673%/ That's having removed /boot/kernel.old/ after running out of space during upgrading to 8.0 I can't see anything else I can delete. /home and /var are not on that slice. So I think it depends on how you upgrade your machine. E.g less room needed if you use freebsd-update (?) With a larger HD I would normally do something like 15 - 25GB / (root) partition and the rest for /home with round 1.5 - 3GB for swap. Now my HD is round 40GB so I will do a minimal install and try to maximize the /home slice! As result only services I will run are DNS, NTP, SAMBA and NFS. What is not unusual is to symlink /home e.g: # ln -s /usr/home /home ditto for /tmp. i.e you remove all the stuff that uses up space from the root partition. So the only slices you need are /, /usr, /var and swap. How I'd slice up the disk: 2GB for / 2GB for swap 2GB for /var 34GB for /usr I suppose I could get away with something like 2GB for / which would then contain /tmp, /etc, /root, /boot etc. My suggestion is more like: partition mount point Size a/ 512 MegaBytes (1/2 GByte) bswap 2048 MBytes (2 GBytes) d/tmp 512 MBytes e/usr 4096 MBytes f/var 4096 MBytes g/home 29 GB (eg all of the rest of the disk) If you are running a database, you will want /var to be larger or to move things in to that /home file system. I actually use a different mount point name than /home because /home is assumed for other things in some howto-s hanging around. I also move and symlink /usr/local /usr/ports /usr/src and sometimes /var/spool in to that '/home' filesystem and then make the actual /usr and /var only half the above sizes and increase the space in '/home' (33 GB)
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 at 09:06:09PM +0200, Kaya Saman wrote: lot's of different pieces of advice rolling in now! I guess what I will do as I have a small hard disk for what I want to do which is to get rid of my music and few movies which are stored on my laptop currently, is create separate /, /tmp, /usr and /var. If you can afford it, and if your laptop has a USB port, buy one of those external harddisks. Plenty of room for music and movies... Also great for backups! I propose which is similar to what Frank has suggested: / ~500M /tmp ~2GB /var ~2GB /usr ~2GB /home the rest I would make /usr greater. See below. but then Jerry has already suggested: partition mount point Size a/ 512 MegaBytes (1/2 GByte) bswap 2048 MBytes (2 GBytes) d/tmp 512 MBytes e/usr 4096 MBytes f/var 4096 MBytes g/home 29 GB (eg all of the rest of the disk) This could be ok I reckon as the 4GB partitions should be there as everyone has suggested for me to use ports and build from source! I'd make /usr bigger. 5-10 GiB, if you can spare it. The reason why I preferred to use package manager was that on say Solaris it's pretty a much a pain having to install all the dependencies from Sun Freeware site. Realize that not all software is available as packages because of e.g. licensing restrictions. And some ports you can customize via so-called options. If you install from packages, you're stuck with the (default) options used when building the packages. The FreeBSD ports system is _so_ convenient. It's one of the great features of FreeBSD, as is the user community. I mean what I will be installing if completely base install with just OS and nothing more like I mentioned before is Samba, NFS server/client, NTP, Nano as the quote below from Jerry using vi or vim is not my preferred text editor as I find them extremely difficult and a real pain to use. The ee(1) editor is part of the base system. This is a _lot_ friendlier than vi! Give it a try, you might not even need nano. In addition I do not think this machine has a DVD drive either although I haven't fired up the Win build yet to transfer files but from what the drive says on the front of 52x looks like it's CD only :-( Good enough for installing. :-) For this reason the discussed packages above will need to be downloaded and installed my best guess is from source. Installing from source is the most flexible method. How is your internet connection? Meaning I will need extra space in one of the filesystems but am unsure where the source gets stored?? My best guess would be /usr? In /usr/ports to be exact. The source code tarballs are also stored there, under /usr/ports/distfiles. On my system, /usr/ports/distfiles is now 799 MiB (450 ports, remember!). The rest of /usr/ports is 543 MiB. Realize that ports will be compiled under /usr/ports as well! Good luck! Roland -- R.F.Smith http://www.xs4all.nl/~rsmith/ [plain text _non-HTML_ PGP/GnuPG encrypted/signed email much appreciated] pgp: 1A2B 477F 9970 BA3C 2914 B7CE 1277 EFB0 C321 A725 (KeyID: C321A725) pgpuZAoQom2xG.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
Roland: If you can afford it, and if your laptop has a USB port, buy one of those external harddisks. Plenty of room for music and movies... Also great for backups! Can't afford :-( I have many disks like that where I bought really cool enclosures and the drives separately but currently am in a really bad situation financially. In UK in my parents house I have round 3.2TB or so with 1.7TB dedicated to music and movies. Out here though I only have my 320GB drive on my laptop which has 9 OS's on it including VM's. 160GB for Linux which I have Fedora 10 and Kubuntu on the other side I run OpenSolaris and Belenix in different ZFS pools. Laptop is cool 6GB memory too :-) ~# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 320.0 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x34f7742e Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 19453 156256191 bf Solaris /dev/sda2 19454 2370934186320 83 Linux /dev/sda3 * 23710 2553414659312+ 83 Linux /dev/sda4 25535 38913 107466817+ 5 Extended /dev/sda5 25535 38665 105474726 83 Linux /dev/sda6 38666 38913 1992028+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris ~# df -h FilesystemSize Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 33G 11G 21G 34% / tmpfs 2.9G 4.0K 2.9G 1% /lib/init/rw varrun2.9G 240K 2.9G 1% /var/run varlock 2.9G 4.0K 2.9G 1% /var/lock udev 2.9G 180K 2.9G 1% /dev tmpfs 2.9G 708K 2.9G 1% /dev/shm lrm 2.9G 2.5M 2.9G 1% /lib/modules/2.6.28-17-generic/volatile /dev/sda5 100G 93G 1.2G 99% /home /dev/sda3 14G 9.6G 3.6G 74% /mnt/tmp I propose which is similar to what Frank has suggested: / ~500M /tmp ~2GB /var ~2GB /usr ~2GB /home the rest I would make /usr greater. See below. but then Jerry has already suggested: partition mount point Size a/ 512 MegaBytes (1/2 GByte) bswap 2048 MBytes (2 GBytes) d/tmp 512 MBytes e/usr 4096 MBytes f/var 4096 MBytes g/home 29 GB (eg all of the rest of the disk) This could be ok I reckon as the 4GB partitions should be there as everyone has suggested for me to use ports and build from source! I'd make /usr bigger. 5-10 GiB, if you can spare it. Err I will try 4GB because I need to dump round 10-15GB here clogging up my disks. In fact I just partitioned the drive using FreeBSIE and I think it's only a 30GB on this desktop which I can always look into getting a new one in time. But slightly stuck for now! Realize that not all software is available as packages because of e.g. licensing restrictions. And some ports you can customize via so-called options. If you install from packages, you're stuck with the (default) options used when building the packages. The FreeBSD ports system is _so_ convenient. It's one of the great features of FreeBSD, as is the user community. I just the packages I mentioned before that's it! If I can do that it will be really cool. The ee(1) editor is part of the base system. This is a _lot_ friendlier than vi! Give it a try, you might not even need nano. I will try it out thanks for that! :-) In addition I do not think this machine has a DVD drive either although I haven't fired up the Win build yet to transfer files but from what the drive says on the front of 52x looks like it's CD only :-( Good enough for installing. :-) For this reason the discussed packages above will need to be downloaded and installed my best guess is from source. Installing from source is the most flexible method. How is your internet connection? Hahahah the biggest joke of 2k9 is my internet as it's 512kbps :-( That's what happens when you move country to a developing one things slow down to a halt. In UK I had 20Mbps h I really miss it! Meaning I will need extra space in one of the filesystems but am unsure where the source gets stored?? My best guess would be /usr? In /usr/ports to be exact. The source code tarballs are also stored there, under /usr/ports/distfiles. On my system, /usr/ports/distfiles is now 799 MiB (450 ports, remember!). The rest of /usr/ports is 543 MiB. Realize that ports will be compiled under /usr/ports as well! Ah ok I will look at this once my install progresses, I just hope that 4GB is enough for this! I really need to maximize space for /home where all my stuff will be deposited to for the moment as I don't trust the drive either as it really grinds like crazy but then it might be MS Win doing that? Good luck! Roland Many
New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
Hi guys, first up I hope I am in the right place as my questions are of a generic nature about FreeBSD as I consider myself a new user not having much mileage with the OS as of yet! Secondly I just wanted to wish everyone a happy Christmas and New Year also since we are in that period :-) I will start with my GUI question as I believe that it is something simple: I attempted an install of 7.2 stable on my laptop and subsequently installed X11also. Now I didn't have any Xorg.conf file but each time I tried to start X from the CLI using the normal startx command (read the documentation through fully beforehand) but I didn't manage to get the mouse or keyboard to even work let alone starting the Gnome2 interface. Now I don't have that particular machine with me now as it's in another country but just wanted to know a few possible causes for the issue. I am guessing it's probably tied into not having the xorg.conf file but I will install a VM of it soon and be more specific with logs etc as I am used to Linux and Sun Solaris I know this is really ad-hoc and frowned upon way of asking which will probably earn me minus brownie points but just wanted a quick idea of what maybe so when the time comes I can investigate further! The second and main question that I wish to ask is more to do with peoples opinions or experienced BSD users advice: I am looking to setup a small file server which I will use as DNS and NTP server also. The reason for selecting FreeBSD is that the system I about to install onto doesn't have much memory (not sure how much but probably in the region of 300-500MB perhaps) and although Linux would definitely suite this kind of system as Solaris needs round 2GB or so for OpenSolaris, I am quite interested to learn FreeBSD but also take advantage of the ZFS file system which is standard now in version 8. I won't be installing a GUI on this machine since it is going to be a server so I would like to know if BSD has a small footprint memory and CPU wise for me to run on the machine in question which is a PIV? Also just to make sure: NFS, Samba, NTPd, and ISC's Bind are all supported on FreeBSD aren't they?? I know this is a bit of an RTFM issue here but for example the Solaris implementation of NTP and even SNMP are slightly different from the GNU or GPL based ones in Linux so therefor I have to ask :-) Many thanks for any responses Best regards, Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 3:49 PM, Kaya Saman kayasa...@optiplex-networks.com wrote: Hi guys, first up I hope I am in the right place as my questions are of a generic nature about FreeBSD as I consider myself a new user not having much mileage with the OS as of yet! Secondly I just wanted to wish everyone a happy Christmas and New Year also since we are in that period :-) I will start with my GUI question as I believe that it is something simple: I attempted an install of 7.2 stable on my laptop and subsequently installed X11also. Now I didn't have any Xorg.conf file but each time I tried to start X from the CLI using the normal startx command (read the documentation through fully beforehand) but I didn't manage to get the mouse or keyboard to even work let alone starting the Gnome2 interface. Now I don't have that particular machine with me now as it's in another country but just wanted to know a few possible causes for the issue. I am guessing it's probably tied into not having the xorg.conf file but I will install a VM of it soon and be more specific with logs etc as I am used to Linux and Sun Solaris I know this is really ad-hoc and frowned upon way of asking which will probably earn me minus brownie points but just wanted a quick idea of what maybe so when the time comes I can investigate further! Running with no xorg.conf is fine, but you need to make sure dbus and hal are started at boot. Follow the handbook for best results. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/x-config.html The second and main question that I wish to ask is more to do with peoples opinions or experienced BSD users advice: I am looking to setup a small file server which I will use as DNS and NTP server also. The reason for selecting FreeBSD is that the system I about to install onto doesn't have much memory (not sure how much but probably in the region of 300-500MB perhaps) and although Linux would definitely suite this kind of system as Solaris needs round 2GB or so for OpenSolaris, I am quite interested to learn FreeBSD but also take advantage of the ZFS file system which is standard now in version 8. I won't be installing a GUI on this machine since it is going to be a server so I would like to know if BSD has a small footprint memory and CPU wise for me to run on the machine in question which is a PIV? Also just to make sure: NFS, Samba, NTPd, and ISC's Bind are all supported on FreeBSD aren't they?? I know this is a bit of an RTFM issue here but for example the Solaris implementation of NTP and even SNMP are slightly different from the GNU or GPL based ones in Linux so therefor I have to ask :-) If you're concerned about system resources, at least from a minimalist perspective, then ZFS is not for you. Solaris can't help you with that either, ZFS is hungry. ZFS is also not standard, but considered production ready. UFS is still the standard, and the only filesystem supported by the installer without resorting to tricks. All the other services work well on FreeBSD. -- Adam Vande More ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
Running with no xorg.conf is fine, but you need to make sure dbus and hal are started at boot. Follow the handbook for best results. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/x-config.html I'm sure I started them as this doc is exactly what I followed.. I think if I recall correctly or at least something like it?? Anyway as explained I will use Vbox to check 100% and then at least have proper logs and cli output to compare to and give everyone an idea of what's going on unlike now! If you're concerned about system resources, at least from a minimalist perspective, then ZFS is not for you. Solaris can't help you with that either, ZFS is hungry. ZFS is also not standard, but considered production ready. UFS is still the standard, and the only filesystem supported by the installer without resorting to tricks. Yes ZFS is hungry :-) I run Solaris 10 on an ancient Sun Netra T105 server with 360MB of RAM which uses ZFS file system and apart being a reverse proxy it won't handle anything else easily. Also my E420r server with 1GB of RAM running Sun Ray software is limited to just that and can only handle 1 Ray unit on top of the SXCE (Solaris Express Community Edition) OS. I know how strong UFS v.1 is as I use it with Solaris 9, but how about UFS v.2 which is what FreeBSD runs?? When compared with ext3 from a performance/reliability perspective which one comes on top? Also if something goes wrong with the filesystem what are the tools to check the drive and repair errors as in Linux I use e2fsck followed by device ID. As mention UFS v.1 is incredibly strong especially when run on SCSI II drives that the Sun Netra T105 uses so I haven't had an FS failure yet and if UFS v.2 is similar I don't suspect having a failure either although this machine will have IDE drives and uses x86 architecture as opposed to SPARC. In fact I am only really after ZFS for its self healing properties as I don't mind going with any file system as long as it's stable. Ext3 although easily repairable is quite unstable on my systems anyway! All the other services work well on FreeBSD. -- Adam Vande More Cool, thanks Adam! :-) I appreciate the response. Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 4:42 PM, Kaya Saman samank...@netscape.net wrote: I know how strong UFS v.1 is as I use it with Solaris 9, but how about UFS v.2 which is what FreeBSD runs?? When compared with ext3 from a performance/reliability perspective which one comes on top? I would say ufs2 easily wins, but remember this is the freebsd-questions list ;) There are some differences though, ufs2 uses softupdates, not journaling(journaling is available and easy to implement via gjournal). Softupdates I believe are a little faster than journaling, but it's drawback is long disk checking after a dirty shutdown. I've never had a ufs specific issue in hundreds if not thousands of deployments, but nothing is guaranteed. ufs does have a great track records and bunch of service hours logged. Also if something goes wrong with the filesystem what are the tools to check the drive and repair errors as in Linux I use e2fsck followed by device ID. Example after a dirty shutdown: fsck -y In fact I am only really after ZFS for its self healing properties as I don't mind going with any file system as long as it's stable. Ext3 although easily repairable is quite unstable on my systems anyway! That's actually a bit disconcerting, do you have hardware instability? -- Adam Vande More ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 14:42, Kaya Saman samank...@netscape.net wrote: Running with no xorg.conf is fine, but you need to make sure dbus and hal are started at boot. Follow the handbook for best results. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/x-config.html I'm sure I started them as this doc is exactly what I followed.. I think if I recall correctly or at least something like it?? Anyway as explained I will use Vbox to check 100% and then at least have proper logs and cli output to compare to and give everyone an idea of what's going on unlike now! I can't speak to the rest, but WRT the GUI, I suspect you'll find it a lot easier if you install a Window Manager to handle a lot of this. I have found xfce4 to be a good one for me - gnome and kde were a bit much. Once I installed /usr/ports/x11-wm/xfce4 with a 'make config-recursive' then chose my options, then 'make install', the GUI fired up just fine, and all of the hal/dbus stuff was handled for me. Kurt ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
I would say ufs2 easily wins, but remember this is the freebsd-questions list ;) There are some differences though, ufs2 uses softupdates, not journaling(journaling is available and easy to implement via gjournal). Softupdates I believe are a little faster than journaling, but it's drawback is long disk checking after a dirty shutdown. I've never had a ufs specific issue in hundreds if not thousands of deployments, but nothing is guaranteed. ufs does have a great track records and bunch of service hours logged. Cool meaning I am going UFS2 on my new install! Example after a dirty shutdown: fsck -y Aaah fsck :-) If I run this on an ext3 FS it tends to make things much worse as I did it once and got left with a whole bunch of unattached inodes :-( reason for Linux and ext3 e2fsck is much better I have found from personal experience! That's actually a bit disconcerting, do you have hardware instability? Nope! These systems are actually desktop systems which I run as servers as I couldn't afford to buy proper systems so got a whole bunch of cheap x86 boxes off Ebay. If running Scalix though I found it really eats up hard drives - although running a collaboration suite on a laptop is not the most intelligent thing to do but then what else can you do with a portable computer with bust LCD display? Left in my parents house in the UK now as I'm currently in Turkey but my lab from scavenged parts and systems: http://www.optiplex-networks.com/lab/lab.html -- Adam Vande More Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
I can't speak to the rest, but WRT the GUI, I suspect you'll find it a lot easier if you install a Window Manager to handle a lot of this. I have found xfce4 to be a good one for me - gnome and kde were a bit much. Once I installed /usr/ports/x11-wm/xfce4 with a 'make config-recursive' then chose my options, then 'make install', the GUI fired up just fine, and all of the hal/dbus stuff was handled for me. Kurt I thought Gnome already came with Nautilus as Window manager??? Or in FreeBSD is it extra? Sorry am not used to doing things from scratch but soon I will get the hang of it - just give me a couple of days to get the file server I am on about up and running then will transfer the stuff clogging my notebooks HD over there and install a VM through Vbox and really have a go at understanding the GUI. I did play around with FreeBSIE which is FreeBSD with the GUI installed as a live CD which was really cool and light and worked especially well on my 512MB RAM laptop. Now I don't have a memory issue as I have 6GB on a newer machine running 64bit OS's all the way but still need to get to grips with this :-) Thanks for the tip Kurt! Regards, --Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Monday 28 December 2009 22:49:31 Kaya Saman wrote: Hi guys, first up I hope I am in the right place as my questions are of a generic nature about FreeBSD as I consider myself a new user not having much mileage with the OS as of yet! Secondly I just wanted to wish everyone a happy Christmas and New Year also since we are in that period :-) I will start with my GUI question as I believe that it is something simple: I attempted an install of 7.2 stable on my laptop and subsequently installed X11also. Now I didn't have any Xorg.conf file but each time I tried to start X from the CLI using the normal startx command (read the documentation through fully beforehand) but I didn't manage to get the mouse or keyboard to even work let alone starting the Gnome2 interface. The most common cause is that either hald (sysutils/hal) or dbus (devel/dbus) isn't running. Xorg needs them both to detect mouse and keyboard. Add dbus_enable=YES and hald_enable=YES to rc.conf to get them to start automatically. Now I don't have that particular machine with me now as it's in another country but just wanted to know a few possible causes for the issue. I am guessing it's probably tied into not having the xorg.conf file but I will install a VM of it soon and be more specific with logs etc as I am used to Linux and Sun Solaris I know this is really ad-hoc and frowned upon way of asking which will probably earn me minus brownie points but just wanted a quick idea of what maybe so when the time comes I can investigate further! The second and main question that I wish to ask is more to do with peoples opinions or experienced BSD users advice: I am looking to setup a small file server which I will use as DNS and NTP server also. The reason for selecting FreeBSD is that the system I about to install onto doesn't have much memory (not sure how much but probably in the region of 300-500MB perhaps) and although Linux would definitely suite this kind of system as Solaris needs round 2GB or so for OpenSolaris, I am quite interested to learn FreeBSD but also take advantage of the ZFS file system which is standard now in version 8. I agree with Adam Vande More's opinion that UFS2 is the way to go on such a low memory system. UFS2 also works well with large disks (1+ TB) if you tune the newfs parameters a bit (mainly to shorten the fsck time). With geom(8) you can do all kinds of mirroring/striping if you're into RAID. With regards to stability, UFS2 was before the import of ZFS the only filesystem widely used. It is very well tested, and in my opinion, very stable. In fact, I can't remember ever having a UFS2 filesystem go bad to the point I couldn't repair it anymore. If you're expecting lots of power outages, it may be worthwile to set up journaling using gjournal(8), which will reduce fsck times considerably, at the cost of reduced streaming write speed (which will halve unless a dedicated journal disk is used). I won't be installing a GUI on this machine since it is going to be a server so I would like to know if BSD has a small footprint memory and CPU wise for me to run on the machine in question which is a PIV? That won't be a problem. To illustrate, FreeBSD on a 256MB (i386) machine has about 211MB memory free just after startup. To be safe you could configure a large swap, so the system won't kill the memory hogs as soon as it runs out of memory. Also just to make sure: NFS, Samba, NTPd, and ISC's Bind are all supported on FreeBSD aren't they?? I know this is a bit of an RTFM issue here but for example the Solaris implementation of NTP and even SNMP are slightly different from the GNU or GPL based ones in Linux so therefor I have to ask :-) NFS, BIND, SNMP (bsnmpd) and NTP come with the OS and are installed by default. Samba can be installed from ports. Many thanks for any responses Best regards, Kaya Good luck! Pieter ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 15:29, Kaya Saman samank...@netscape.net wrote: I can't speak to the rest, but WRT the GUI, I suspect you'll find it a lot easier if you install a Window Manager to handle a lot of this. I have found xfce4 to be a good one for me - gnome and kde were a bit much. Once I installed /usr/ports/x11-wm/xfce4 with a 'make config-recursive' then chose my options, then 'make install', the GUI fired up just fine, and all of the hal/dbus stuff was handled for me. Kurt I thought Gnome already came with Nautilus as Window manager??? Or in FreeBSD is it extra? I see I didn't completely read your original message. Indulge me a moment while I ramble here, and probably expose my ignorance... Xorg/X11 Gnome Nautilis is a file manager, unless I misremember. The native file manager for xfce4 is Thunar. Gnome, like xfce4 (and ratpoison, kde, etc.) is a Window Manager, which depends on Xorg/X11 to function. WMs are usually installed installed after Xorg. Did you install gnome from source, or did you use 'pkg_add -r'? I don't know why, but I seem to have better luck, though it takes much longer, if I use 'make install' from the ports tree. Sorry am not used to doing things from scratch but soon I will get the hang of it - just give me a couple of days to get the file server I am on about up and running then will transfer the stuff clogging my notebooks HD over there and install a VM through Vbox and really have a go at understanding the GUI. I'm not far along that learning curve myself. Heh. I started on an old Toshiba laptop with 256mbytes RAM, and Freesbie worked well on that. I then learned how to install from scratch. That was, um, interesting. I hated Linux, as it seems so arcane. Well, perhaps 'hate' is too strong a word, but it left a bad taste in my mouth. Once I worked with FreeBSD, it became much more clear. Things seem to be done more sanely in FreeBSD. Now I have a nice 4gbyte Lenovo T61, and I still like xfce4 - it does what I want, and I didn't want to expend the effort to learn anything new. I did play around with FreeBSIE which is FreeBSD with the GUI installed as a live CD which was really cool and light and worked especially well on my 512MB RAM laptop. Now I don't have a memory issue as I have 6GB on a newer machine running 64bit OS's all the way but still need to get to grips with this :-) If you're very familiar with gnome, you might wish to stay with it. If you're just learning, for both gnome and xfce4, my preference would be for xfce4. But that's just me, and you'll get at least 10 different answers from the first 8 people you meet. Thanks for the tip Kurt! Regards, --Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
The most common cause is that either hald (sysutils/hal) or dbus (devel/dbus) isn't running. Xorg needs them both to detect mouse and keyboard. Add dbus_enable=YES and hald_enable=YES to rc.conf to get them to start automatically. We'll see what the issue actually is - as I mentioned I kinda stuffed this question in without any proper log or tty output to support anything I mentioned which is quite ad-hoc and not recommended on mailing lists of this caliber unless wanting to irritate the participants. Just need to clear up my notebooks drive first before setting up the VM environment to test! I agree with Adam Vande More's opinion that UFS2 is the way to go on such a low memory system. UFS2 also works well with large disks (1+ TB) if you tune the newfs parameters a bit (mainly to shorten the fsck time). With geom(8) you can do all kinds of mirroring/striping if you're into RAID. With regards to stability, UFS2 was before the import of ZFS the only filesystem widely used. It is very well tested, and in my opinion, very stable. In fact, I can't remember ever having a UFS2 filesystem go bad to the point I couldn't repair it anymore. If you're expecting lots of power outages, it may be worthwile to set up journaling using gjournal(8), which will reduce fsck times considerably, at the cost of reduced streaming write speed (which will halve unless a dedicated journal disk is used). I agree also and thank you guys for your opinions! As mentioned I know UFS1 from Solaris 9 on my SPARC systems and have never had any issues with it at all. Hang on what are these things called slices and this wacky naming convention I thought disks where labeled hdax or sdax according to the partition :-P sorry internal joke! That won't be a problem. To illustrate, FreeBSD on a 256MB (i386) machine has about 211MB memory free just after startup. To be safe you could configure a large swap, so the system won't kill the memory hogs as soon as it runs out of memory. Yeah I reckon large swap also! Usually round 2 or 3 times amount of memory but for everyday generic use I find about 1.5 - 3 gigs is enough. This is the good part of static filesystems I find over ZFS is that the swap space is easily tunable without editing ZFS pools or other. NFS, BIND, SNMP (bsnmpd) and NTP come with the OS and are installed by default. Samba can be installed from ports. Hmm I will need a bit of assistance for the ports part as I'm kinda used to Debian backports through the Apt repos but BSD ports is something quite different. I'm sure there's plenty of documentation on the web to find out how to install and implement! bsnmpd sounds to me more like snmpx from Solaris in terms of that it is different from opensnmpd. Not a problem won't be doing any SNMP monitoring right now as I don't have anything to monitor as my router isn't even my beloved Cisco at the mo. When I have more memory I will play around with SNMP monitoring software if available for BSD, and my all time favorite: Cacti. Good luck! Pieter Thanks a lot Pieter --Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
Kurt Buff wrote: On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 15:29, Kaya Saman samank...@netscape.net wrote: I see I didn't completely read your original message. Indulge me a moment while I ramble here, and probably expose my ignorance... Xorg/X11 Gnome Gnome runs on Xorg: Xorg/Xfree runs X11 Xfree is now obsolete as Xorg is much better. Nautilis is a file manager, unless I misremember. The native file manager for xfce4 is Thunar. Gnome, like xfce4 (and ratpoison, kde, etc.) is a Window Manager, which depends on Xorg/X11 to function. WMs are usually installed installed after Xorg. Correct on both counts :-) Did you install gnome from source, or did you use 'pkg_add -r'? I don't know why, but I seem to have better luck, though it takes much longer, if I use 'make install' from the ports tree. I used pkg_add! Am such a package manager guy as although have compiled quite a bit of stuff I find on some systems such as Sun Solaris compiling can be a nightmare. Especially if it means hacking out source code and using special make parameters as I'm not a programmer but also not that far advanced when it comes down to building software from scratch! I'm not far along that learning curve myself. Heh. I started on an old Toshiba laptop with 256mbytes RAM, and Freesbie worked well on that. I then learned how to install from scratch. That was, um, interesting. I hated Linux, as it seems so arcane. Well, perhaps 'hate' is too strong a word, but it left a bad taste in my mouth. Once I worked with FreeBSD, it became much more clear. Things seem to be done more sanely in FreeBSD. Now I have a nice 4gbyte Lenovo T61, and I still like xfce4 - it does what I want, and I didn't want to expend the effort to learn anything new. Well, Linux has its advantages and for the last 2 years have completely used it as an M$ Windowz replacement as one can do almost everything on it. When I meant; not used to doing things from scratch I meant building the OS. I actually prefer doing a minimal install of CentOS with no software or GUI at all and then building the system up to what I need when it comes down to servers!!! Means I can fine tune the system that way and only use the system resources for what I need. Being a user of both Solaris and Linux though, they are both pretty cool with Solaris only hindered by lack of software and multimedia apps. Otherwise I think Solaris in Open guise would win anyday provided that the H/W support was as vast as Linux. If you're very familiar with gnome, you might wish to stay with it. If you're just learning, for both gnome and xfce4, my preference would be for xfce4. But that's just me, and you'll get at least 10 different answers from the first 8 people you meet. Have played round with everything including KDE3/4, XFCE, Blackbox, Fluxbox, Window Maker, CDE (on Solaris).. Wish there was something more, new and interesting but they're all a bit bland after a while. Gnome I find is more functional! If anyone has any idea of getting something like they use on TV shows like NCIS and CSI that would be really cool (not Hollywood OS) or something they use in the military that one sees on the discovery channel say on the US Navy ships. I mean I do develop GUI's for the OpenSolaris spin-off distro Belenix which can be seen here: http://www.optiplex-networks.com/belenix/index_belenix.html under themes. But really need a new concept of completely tricked out geeky 'suped' up WM. Lot's of bar graphs, text outputs and other really cool stuff embedded into it :-) - no need for Gkrellm or Conky or Torsmo anymore! ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
Adam Vande More wrote: On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 3:49 PM, Kaya Saman kayasa...@optiplex-networks.com wrote: Hi guys, I attempted an install of 7.2 stable on my laptop and subsequently installed X11also. Now I didn't have any Xorg.conf file but each time I tried to start X from the CLI using the normal startx command (read the documentation through fully beforehand) but I didn't manage to get the mouse or keyboard to even work let alone starting the Gnome2 interface. Running with no xorg.conf is fine, but you need to make sure dbus and hal are started at boot. Follow the handbook for best results. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/x-config.html I don't know if I'd be too happy to agree on that ... while the answer IS correctfrom a narrow point of view, the documentation on both dbus and hal is very, VERY thin on the ground (and what exists is for Linux only), so if the setup programmed into the port isn't right for your particular FreeBSD machine, you can pretty much forget about getting enough info to fix things. Realize that both hal and dbus were written for Linux (not a particularly portable thing), and it was only because of FreeBSD porters that it works at all under FreeBSD, so the docs that come with them understand Linux only. You can't even find out how to fix the config files for FreeBSD. Trying to fix even the most minor problem is really climbing mountains. Much, much easier to fix up an xorg.conf, which is not only well documented, but has tools to generate you a good local setup for your particular machine. If dbus/hal happen to work for you right out of the FreeBSD port, well, that's great, but if you need to adapt things for use outside of Linux, good luck, fella. The folks who wrote our FreeBSD dbus and hal implementations did a good job of translating things which are VERY Linux-centric to FreeBSD, but it's still only really good for a default FreeBSD setup. I know that it didn't work for anything but a thin slice of default environments, in the FreeBSD-7.x release era. Some day, if when the Linux developers are ready to admit there are other OSes and document things more portably, both tools are really, really fine ideas. Maybe ask again in 6 months to a year? Or, get ready to read a lot of source code and figure it out for yourself. Right now looking at what email I can find on the web regarding running hal dbus on 7.2, no one else can find an easy fund of knowledge either. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
On Mon, Dec 28, 2009 at 16:23, Kaya Saman samank...@netscape.net wrote: snip So, given what you've written below, you probably know more about this stuff than I do. Cool. I will echo the advice already given, however: add dbus_enable=YES hald_enable=YES to your /etc/rc.conf. That will most likely clear your problem. Did you install gnome from source, or did you use 'pkg_add -r'? I don't know why, but I seem to have better luck, though it takes much longer, if I use 'make install' from the ports tree. I used pkg_add! Am such a package manager guy as although have compiled quite a bit of stuff I find on some systems such as Sun Solaris compiling can be a nightmare. Especially if it means hacking out source code and using special make parameters as I'm not a programmer but also not that far advanced when it comes down to building software from scratch! I'm not far along that learning curve myself. Heh. I started on an old Toshiba laptop with 256mbytes RAM, and Freesbie worked well on that. I then learned how to install from scratch. That was, um, interesting. I hated Linux, as it seems so arcane. Well, perhaps 'hate' is too strong a word, but it left a bad taste in my mouth. Once I worked with FreeBSD, it became much more clear. Things seem to be done more sanely in FreeBSD. Now I have a nice 4gbyte Lenovo T61, and I still like xfce4 - it does what I want, and I didn't want to expend the effort to learn anything new. Well, Linux has its advantages and for the last 2 years have completely used it as an M$ Windowz replacement as one can do almost everything on it. When I meant; not used to doing things from scratch I meant building the OS. I actually prefer doing a minimal install of CentOS with no software or GUI at all and then building the system up to what I need when it comes down to servers!!! Means I can fine tune the system that way and only use the system resources for what I need. That's what I do with mine under FreeBSD, for both servers and workstations. Being a user of both Solaris and Linux though, they are both pretty cool with Solaris only hindered by lack of software and multimedia apps. Otherwise I think Solaris in Open guise would win anyday provided that the H/W support was as vast as Linux. I need to dive back into Linux - I want to figure out Xen now that it can do live migrations/failover, and FreeBSD doesn't do Dom0 - yet. So, I'll probably try out CentOS, though I suppose I could use NetBSD. Wish there was something more, new and interesting but they're all a bit bland after a while. Gnome I find is more functional! If anyone has any idea of getting something like they use on TV shows like NCIS and CSI that would be really cool (not Hollywood OS) or something they use in the military that one sees on the discovery channel say on the US Navy ships. I mean I do develop GUI's for the OpenSolaris spin-off distro Belenix which can be seen here: http://www.optiplex-networks.com/belenix/index_belenix.html under themes. But really need a new concept of completely tricked out geeky 'suped' up WM. Lot's of bar graphs, text outputs and other really cool stuff embedded into it :-) - no need for Gkrellm or Conky or Torsmo anymore! Eh. I just want something that works and keeps out of my way - xfce seems to do that just fine. For me, 'cool' is the apps and what I can do with them. Kurt ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New user - small file server questions and quick GUI question
[...] add dbus_enable=YES hald_enable=YES to your /etc/rc.conf. That will most likely clear your problem. [...] I will give this a go soon :-) That's what I do with mine under FreeBSD, for both servers and workstations. Having both servers and workstations is cool as both of them need to be looked at very differently! I like having Linux for desktop systems due to the full multimedia traits of it. I mean Debian or Ubuntu is pretty cool, Red Hat based Fedora is problematic as by default some packages don't work properly so you end up having to hack around the problem. Also multimedia is a slight pain in Fedora due to having to add extra repos to get things like MP3's working since there is some licensing issue. For servers one can pretty much install anything just for raw services. However when one starts considering performance attributes such as disk write speed, ease of adding storage, memory usage, security etc into the equation then one must side with one of the UNIX's around. Different UNIX versions have different strengths and weaknesses but it is nice to get to know as many as possible in order to actually identify and see these attributes in live real time so that in a professional capacity one has the experience to choose the correct system for the task at hand. I need to dive back into Linux - I want to figure out Xen now that it can do live migrations/failover, and FreeBSD doesn't do Dom0 - yet. So, I'll probably try out CentOS, though I suppose I could use NetBSD. Aaaah yes Citrix Xen, it's cool - read the manual but haven't played with it. Yeah I would run Linux just in case there are some things you wish to do but can't in BSD although I can't comment on the differences as I haven't seen them myself yet. I am really a big fan of testing systems on Suns Virtual Box! Is almost like running a disposable OS. Plug in and play then throw away until you need a proper H/W install :-) Eh. I just want something that works and keeps out of my way - xfce seems to do that just fine. For me, 'cool' is the apps and what I can do with them. Hahahaha :-) As long as I can listen to music and watch videos I am ok, oh as well as browse web, check mail and use the occasional office app. the rest is all CLI for me.. However I will use a few more things too rarely - even 3D games. I do like flashy screens though that no body can understand apart from a trained operator :-P - tried this with normal lighting effect too as I tried to emulate an aircraft landing strip with Christmas tree lights. Where I live currently is like a complex with a few houses enclosed in a site with private security etc. Anyway we put my lighting effect in the entrance and before we knew it rained blowing out everything even the backup generator and almost electrocuting everyone living inside... it was so embarrassing for that to happen to a person with an electrical/electronic engineering degree :-O h oh well! I blame the site manager as he bought indoor lights as they were cheap!!! --Kaya ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: quick vfs tuning
On Tue, 28 Apr 2009 01:59:43 +0200 Roland Smith rsm...@xs4all.nl wrote: snip I dropped gmirror in favor of running an rsync to the second disk at night because gmirror is kinda slow. I saw the same performance as you did with the combination of gmirror and geli. Roland -- Thanks for the numbers. -- Regards, Ghirai. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
quick vfs tuning
Hi, I'm running a RAID1 setup with gmirror and geli (AES-128) on top of that. While searching for ways to improve read performance, i found some posts (on kerneltrap i think) about vfs.max_read. The author suggested that increasing the default value of 8 to 16 resulted in increased read speed, and that increasing it further resulted in no noticeable performance gain. Results are below. Starting with vfs.read_max=32: triton# dd if=a.iso of=/dev/null bs=3M 1129+1 records in 1129+1 records out 3554287616 bytes transferred in 176.825898 secs (20100492 bytes/sec) triton# sysctl vfs.read_max=64 vfs.read_max: 32 - 64 triton# dd if=a.iso of=/dev/null bs=3M 1129+1 records in 1129+1 records out 3554287616 bytes transferred in 162.943189 secs (21813048 bytes/sec) triton# sysctl vfs.read_max=128 vfs.read_max: 64 - 128 triton# dd if=a.iso of=/dev/null bs=3M 1129+1 records in 1129+1 records out 3554287616 bytes transferred in 149.313994 secs (23804116 bytes/sec) triton# sysctl vfs.read_max=256 vfs.read_max: 128 - 256 triton# dd if=a.iso of=/dev/null bs=3M 1129+1 records in 1129+1 records out 3554287616 bytes transferred in 150.466241 secs (23621828 bytes/sec) Here is seems to have hit a wall. Going a bit down to 192 results in almost exactly the same numbers, so the best value seems to be 128. As i read, vfs.read_max means 'cluster read-ahead max block count'. Does it read ahead the stuff into some memory? If so, can that memory size be increased via sysctl? Does the improvement in performance have to do with my particular setup (gmirror+geli)? I thought i'd share the results and maybe get a discussion going in this direction. Test was done on a pair of SATA300 HDs spinning at 7200rmp (which are seen as SATA150 by the OS for some reason; i couldn't fix it from the BIOS, so it must be the mobo), and 7.1-RELEASE, i386. -- Regards, Ghirai. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: quick vfs tuning
Ghirai wrote: The author suggested that increasing the default value of 8 to 16 resulted in increased read speed, and that increasing it further resulted in no noticeable performance gain. Personally, I've seen changes in vfs.read_max to provide anywhere from a 50-100% improvement in disk read performance. As you have also found, the sweet spot is sometimes higher than 16. I've seen significant benefits up to vfs.read_max=128 on *some* disk controllers. It really seems dependent on the disks/controllers, but setting 16 has always shown a significant improvement over the default 8 for me. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: quick vfs tuning
On Mon, Apr 27, 2009 at 07:18:24PM +0300, Ghirai wrote: Hi, I'm running a RAID1 setup with gmirror and geli (AES-128) on top of that. While searching for ways to improve read performance, i found some posts (on kerneltrap i think) about vfs.max_read. The author suggested that increasing the default value of 8 to 16 resulted in increased read speed, and that increasing it further resulted in no noticeable performance gain. Results are below. Starting with vfs.read_max=32: triton# dd if=a.iso of=/dev/null bs=3M 1129+1 records in 1129+1 records out 3554287616 bytes transferred in 176.825898 secs (20100492 bytes/sec) triton# sysctl vfs.read_max=64 vfs.read_max: 32 - 64 triton# dd if=a.iso of=/dev/null bs=3M 1129+1 records in 1129+1 records out 3554287616 bytes transferred in 162.943189 secs (21813048 bytes/sec) triton# sysctl vfs.read_max=128 vfs.read_max: 64 - 128 triton# dd if=a.iso of=/dev/null bs=3M 1129+1 records in 1129+1 records out 3554287616 bytes transferred in 149.313994 secs (23804116 bytes/sec) triton# sysctl vfs.read_max=256 vfs.read_max: 128 - 256 triton# dd if=a.iso of=/dev/null bs=3M 1129+1 records in 1129+1 records out 3554287616 bytes transferred in 150.466241 secs (23621828 bytes/sec) Here is seems to have hit a wall. Going a bit down to 192 results in almost exactly the same numbers, so the best value seems to be 128. As i read, vfs.read_max means 'cluster read-ahead max block count'. Does it read ahead the stuff into some memory? If so, can that memory size be increased via sysctl? IIRC, if it gets a read request, it reads vfs.read_max extra clusters into the vfs cache, to improve subsequent reads. This won't do much if you're reading a lot of small files scattered around the disk. Does the improvement in performance have to do with my particular setup (gmirror+geli)? In my experience, gmirror is slow (see below). If you have multiple cores, geli isn't much of an issue. On a single-core machine it can become a bottleneck. I thought i'd share the results and maybe get a discussion going in this direction. Test was done on a pair of SATA300 HDs spinning at 7200rmp (which are seen as SATA150 by the OS for some reason; i couldn't fix it from the BIOS, so it must be the mobo), and 7.1-RELEASE, i386. It doesn't matter much if your disk is seen as SATA 1.5 Gbit/s or 3 Gbit/s. A current rotating harddisk cannot max out a SATA 1.5 Gbit/s connection, see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_ATA] (A flash-based drive can, though). - Intel ICH7 SATA 3Gbit/s controller - WDC WD5001ABYS-01YNA0 (500,107,862,016 bytes) - FreeBSD 7.2-PRERELEASE amd64 - no mirroring or encryption on this partition. My results: sysctl vfs.read_max=8 dd if=/tmp/var-0-20090426.dump of=/dev/null bs=3M 69+1 records in 69+1 records out 217405440 bytes transferred in 2.762058 secs (78,711,395 bytes/sec) (I added the commas to the bytes/sec figure for readability) Try it again: dd if=/tmp/var-0-20090426.dump of=/dev/null bs=3M 69+1 records in 69+1 records out 217405440 bytes transferred in 0.119592 secs (1,817,893,575 bytes/sec) This large figure on the second try is probably an effect of the disk's and/or vfs cache! All following reads are done after another huge file was read to try and eliminate cache effect. sysctl vfs.read_max=16 dd if=/tmp/usr-0-20090426.dump.bz2 of=/dev/null bs=3M 728+1 records in 728+1 records out 229298 bytes transferred in 29.368194 secs (78,062,532 bytes/sec) sysctl vfs.read_max=32 dd if=/tmp/root-0-20090426.dump of=/dev/null bs=3M 32+1 records in 32+1 records out 101068800 bytes transferred in 1.276318 secs (79,187,799 bytes/sec) sysctl vfs.read_max=64 dd if=/tmp/usr-0-20090426.dump of=/dev/null bs=3M 1753+1 records in 1753+1 records out 5516308480 bytes transferred in 70.226765 secs (78,549,944 bytes/sec) sysctl vfs.read_max=128 dd if=/tmp/usr-0-20090426.dump of=/dev/null bs=3M 1753+1 records in 1753+1 records out 5516308480 bytes transferred in 71.032365 secs (77,659,085 bytes/sec) So, for large reads not much difference. vfs.read_max=32 looks best. Let's try a smaller block size. sysctl vfs.read_max=8 dd if=/tmp/root-0-20090426.dump of=/dev/null bs=256k 385+1 records in 385+1 records out 101068800 bytes transferred in 1.391538 secs (72,631,008 bytes/sec) sysctl vfs.read_max=16 dd if=/tmp/usr-0-20090426.dump.bz2 of=/dev/null bs=256k 8745+1 records in 8745+1 records out 229298 bytes transferred in 29.736135 secs (77,096,623 bytes/sec) sysctl vfs.read_max=32 dd if=/tmp/var-0-20090426.dump of=/dev/null bs=256k 829+1 records in 829+1 records out 217405440 bytes transferred in 2.753552 secs (78,954,544 bytes/sec) sysctl vfs.read_max=64 dd if=/tmp/usr-0-20090426.dump of=/dev/null bs=256k 21043+1 records in 21043+1 records out 5516308480 bytes transferred in 71.165780 secs (77,513,497 bytes/sec) sysctl vfs.read_max=256 dd if=/tmp/var-0-20090426.dump of=/dev/null bs=256k 829+1 records in 829+1 records out
a quick?
how long does it normally take GNOME to install? Thanks Dave ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: a quick?
On Wed, Nov 5, 2008 at 5:36 PM, david mellick [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: how long does it normally take GNOME to install? Your question is extremely vague. Install *how*? Ports or from pkg_add? -- Glen Barber ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: a quick?
david mellick wrote: how long does it normally take GNOME to install? Thanks Dave ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] This is quite an open-ended question that has lots of variables. The answer is, it depends on your system in which no one will be able to provide any specifics; more or less. ~Paul ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: a quick?
On Wed, Nov 5, 2008 at 6:39 PM, david mellick [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: yeah i should be more specific on a pentium VIA ports But this no longer matters apparently I ran out of space I guess the schools systems are ancient 5.1 Gigs You should have made sure ample space was available in the first place. so any advice on cleaning up the mess. deinstall wont work since it did not completely install. `make distclean` should do it. -- Glen Barber ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: a quick?
You could also do `rm -rf /usr/ports/x11/gnome2/work' -- Glen Barber 570.328.0318 ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: a quick?
yeah i should be more specific on a pentium VIA ports But this no longer matters apparently I ran out of space I guess the schools systems are ancient 5.1 Gigs so any advice on cleaning up the mess. deinstall wont work since it did not completely install. --- On Wed, 11/5/08, Glen Barber [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: From: Glen Barber [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: a quick? To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Date: Wednesday, November 5, 2008, 6:30 PM On Wed, Nov 5, 2008 at 5:36 PM, david mellick [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: how long does it normally take GNOME to install? Your question is extremely vague. Install *how*? Ports or from pkg_add? -- Glen Barber ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: a quick?
The decision to check for ample space was ignored because the guide lines were install 2 modules and a project. so surely more the 5 gigs was available in an age of 90 dollar TB, that was my logic. Thanks for the help --- On Wed, 11/5/08, Glen Barber [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: From: Glen Barber [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: a quick? To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Date: Wednesday, November 5, 2008, 6:41 PM On Wed, Nov 5, 2008 at 6:39 PM, david mellick [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: yeah i should be more specific on a pentium VIA ports But this no longer matters apparently I ran out of space I guess the schools systems are ancient 5.1 Gigs You should have made sure ample space was available in the first place. so any advice on cleaning up the mess. deinstall wont work since it did not completely install. `make distclean` should do it. -- Glen Barber ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: quick slice question..
On Sep 23, 2008, at 3:33 PM, B. Cook wrote: I have slices a, d, e, f, g, and h.. I wouldn't be able to get one more would I? using gmirror and RELENG_7_0.. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] So after reading many messages regarding sysinstall and gmirror not liking to work with each other.. what fdisk, dd, disklabel commands am I looking for to create a second slice in my gmirror raid? fdisk *** Working on device /dev/mirror/gm0 *** parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=30394 heads=255 sectors/track=63 (16065 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=30394 heads=255 sectors/track=63 (16065 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 63, size 488279547 (238417 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 254/ sector 63 The data for partition 2 is: UNUSED The data for partition 3 is: UNUSED The data for partition 4 is: UNUSED fdisk -p # /dev/mirror/gm0 g c30394 h255 s63 p 1 0xa5 63 488279547 a 1 at the moment I have a /dev/mirror/gm0s1d that is /usr/local/www I need to make that into a slice so that I can mount /usr/local/www and / usr/local/dev. So my current fstab looks like this for this entry: /dev/mirror/gm0s1d /usr/local/www ufs rw 2 2 what I think I am looking to end up with is this: /dev/mirror/gm0s2a /usr/local/www ufs rw 2 2 /dev/mirror/gm0s2b /usr/local/dev ufs rw 2 2 Would it be easier to break the raid, add the slice then recreate the raid again? Thanks again in advance. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
quick slice question..
I have slices a, d, e, f, g, and h.. I wouldn't be able to get one more would I? using gmirror and RELENG_7_0.. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: quick slice question..
On Sep 23, 2008, at 12:33 PM, B. Cook wrote: I have slices a, d, e, f, g, and h.. I wouldn't be able to get one more would I? Not safely, no-- you should leave b for swap and c for the whole partition. Speaking of which, if you've got unallocated disk space available, you can create another FreeBSD partition, and create another 6 slices in that (ie, you're using something like ad0s1X, create ad0s2 and slices inside of that...) Regards, -- -Chuck ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: quick slice question..
On Tue, Sep 23, 2008 at 03:33:41PM -0400, B. Cook wrote: I have slices a, d, e, f, g, and h.. I wouldn't be able to get one more would I? using gmirror and RELENG_7_0.. First I guess you actually mean partition, not slice. (Partitions are usually labeled a, d, e, ..., while slices are normally numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and are the same as what is called a partition in DOS/Windows.) You should be able to create a 'b' partition in addition to those you have (assuming there exists free space on the disk of course.) Partition 'b' is usually used for swap, but I don't there is any fundamental reason why it could not be used for a normal file system. -- Insert your favourite quote here. Erik Trulsson [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: quick slice question..
On Tue, 23 Sep 2008 15:33:41 -0400 B. Cook [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I have slices a, d, e, f, g, and h.. I wouldn't be able to get one more would I? I've never tried it myself, but I've heard that it's possible to nest FreeBSD partitions indefinitely - leading to an unlimited number of partitions. I think you just need to run disklabel on a partition rather than a slice. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
quick question regarding jails.
Howdy all, Just wondering if a box has 2 Ethernet cards with each card going to a different gateway/network, is it possible to stick a jail on the machine listening on one network interface and routing data out one card/network/gatway while the rest of the system uses the other port and gateway/network. I hope that makes sense. TIA cheers cya Andrew -- Network Administrator / Manager Webzone Internet 1st Floor (Oakley Street Entrance) 167 Grote Street Adelaide SA, 5000 Phone 1300 303 932 Fax 08 8221 6204 Email [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: quick question regarding jails.
Just wondering if a box has 2 Ethernet cards with each card going to a different gateway/network, is it possible to stick a jail on the machine listening on one network interface and routing data out one card/network/gatway while the rest of the system uses the other port and gateway/network. yes - no problem I hope that makes sense. TIA cheers cya Andrew -- Network Administrator / Manager Webzone Internet 1st Floor (Oakley Street Entrance) 167 Grote Street Adelaide SA, 5000 Phone 1300 303 932 Fax 08 8221 6204 Email [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: quick question regarding jails.
On Fri, Jul 18, 2008 at 1:46 AM, Wojciech Puchar [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Just wondering if a box has 2 Ethernet cards with each card going to a different gateway/network, is it possible to stick a jail on the machine listening on one network interface and routing data out one card/network/gatway while the rest of the system uses the other port and gateway/network. yes - no problem For most values of yes. For others, the answer is It depends. Yes, you can configure daemons running on the host to bind to one interface, and configure daemons running on the jail to bind to a different interface. However, host - jail communications occur over loopback and routing data between the two, if that's the question being asked, has its limitations. I brought up this problem just recently. http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/getmsg.cgi?fetch=407605+0+archive/2008/freebsd-questions/20080713.freebsd-questions To sum up, if jail host running at 10.0.0.1 connects to a jail running at 10.0.0.2, the traffic will occur over lo0, and BOTH endpoints of that connection will use the jail (10.0.0.2) address. To my mind, that can be problematic. You can modify the routing table so that a host - jail connection exits an actual interface (and uses that interface's IP address). However, this offers limited usefulness as you can't do the same on the jail side (there's only one routing table to speak of), and return traffic won't be seen on that interface. The above applies irrespective of whether the jail host and the jail are on the same or different network, or on the same or different NICs. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: [freebsd-questions] Re: Quick+easy port redirect
In the last episode (Mar 28), Tuc at T-B-O-H.NET said: Is there a quick/easy (cookbook?) way to do port redirects. Basically I want that anything that leaves a specific interface to any ip on port 80 go to 192.168.0.1 port 87. I'm using ipfw for some other things so it has to work and play well with that. Make sure options IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is in your kernel config: ipfw add 500 forward 192.168.0.1 tcp from any to any 80 Note that this is a routing-style forward. The source and destination addresses are unchanged, so you will likely need another ipfw fwd rule at the destination machine to capture the traffic and force-forward it to 127.0.0.1:87 (or wherever you want it to go). If you're planning on passing the traffic to squid, there's a big FAQ section with some alternate methods: http://wiki.squid-cache.org/SquidFaq/InterceptionProxy Hi, I tried that (Well, 192.168.0.1,87) and it seem to have any effect, as you said that its a routing style forward. It hits my router and that ignores it and keeps on processing normally. I really am looking for a NAT type situation here. I already use the InterceptionProxy wiki to get it to pass it to Squid, thats been running great. My problem is when my primary Wireless Broadband goes down, it needs to take satellite. When it takes satellite, to get a Web acceleration thing going, I need to force it to the satellite modem port 80. SO, as clunky as it is, I used a rule that anything outbound on tun1 (OpenVPN over the satellite) goes to 127.0.0.1,87, which rinetd outta ports sends it to 192.168.0.1,87. Thanks, Tuc I ended up ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Quick spamd question
Hey folks (apologies if this winds up double, I setup my mail client incorrectly), I am trying to move greylisting from an OpenBSD box I currently administer to a FreeBSD box. I installed 'spamd' out of ports and I have everything working on a transparent bridge, etc. etc. My only question (at this point) is this... I do not recall this being the way it worked on OpeBSD (and there are a variety of reasons I cannot check right now to verify), but once an entry gets listed WHITE, should the GREY entry remain? I seem to remember that the GREY entry expires immediately after the second attempt (thereby making the tuple whitelisted). I'll be glad to answer anymore specific questions if it can get me an answer! Thanks folks! ./brm ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
quick spamd question
Hey folks, I am trying to move greylisting from an OpenBSD box I currently administer to a FreeBSD box. I installed 'spamd' out of ports and I have everything working on a transparent bridge, etc. etc. My only question (at this point) is this... I do not recall this being the way it worked on OpeBSD (and there are a variety of reasons I cannot check right now to verify), but once an entry gets listed WHITE, should the GREY entry remain? I seem to remember that the GREY entry expires immediately after the second attempt (thereby making the tuple whitelisted). I'll be glad to answer anymore specific questions if it can get me an answer! Thanks folks! ./brm ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick spamd question
Brian Martinez [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: check right now to verify), but once an entry gets listed WHITE, should the GREY entry remain? I seem to remember that the GREY entry expires immediately after the second attempt (thereby making the tuple whitelisted). The GREY entry may live on for a while, but the existence of a WHITE entry will ensure that the delivery will succeed on the next attempt. -- Peter N. M. Hansteen, member of the first RFC 1149 implementation team http://bsdly.blogspot.com/ http://www.bsdly.net/ http://www.nuug.no/ Remember to set the evil bit on all malicious network traffic delilah spamd[29949]: 85.152.224.147: disconnected after 42673 seconds. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick+easy port redirect
The freebsd-tips suggest: ports/net/netcat port is useful not only for redirecting input/output to TCP or UDP connections, but also for proxying them with inetd(8). Best wishes, Kemian On 29/03/2008, Tuc at T-B-O-H.NET [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, Is there a quick/easy (cookbook?) way to do port redirects. Basically I want that anything that leaves a specific interface to any ip on port 80 go to 192.168.0.1 port 87. I'm using ipfw for some other things so it has to work and play well with that. Thanks, Tuc ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick+easy port redirect
On Sunday 30 March 2008 13:31, Kemian Dang wrote: The freebsd-tips suggest: ports/net/netcat port is useful not only for redirecting input/output to TCP or UDP connections, but also for proxying them with inetd(8). We need to update the tips, then: nc(1) doesn't have to be added from ports, it's been in the base system since 5.4. Jonathan ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick+easy port redirect
Tuc at T-B-O-H.NET skrev: Hi, Is there a quick/easy (cookbook?) way to do port redirects. Basically I want that anything that leaves a specific interface to any ip on port 80 go to 192.168.0.1 port 87. I'm using ipfw for some other things so it has to work and play well with that. Thanks, Tuc ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] That leaves. You mean only outgoing traffic from the interface and not incoming? If you mean all traffic to and from, you could try bounce. /usr/ports/net/bounce Just my nickels worth. /Roger ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick+easy port redirect
On 29.03.2008, at 01:25, Tuc at T-B-O-H.NET wrote:
Hi,
Is there a quick/easy (cookbook?) way to do port
redirects. Basically I want that anything that leaves
a specific interface to any ip on port 80 go to
192.168.0.1 port 87.
I'm using ipfw for some other things so it has to
work and play well with that.
Thanks, Tuc
In case you want to try transparent proxying you need to look into
firewalling.
I can only tell you how this would work with OpebBSD's PF since I use it
myself and quite like it. :-)
Have a look at pf.conf(5), but it should work like this (in /etc/
pf.conf):
+
int_if = em0
rdr on $int_if proto tcp from $int_if:network port { 80 } -
192.168.0.1 port 87
+
In this example you need to specify your network interface as int_if
(in my case it is em0)
If this doesn't suit your situation, you probably need to give us more
information: The
kind of network setup you use (eg internal - firewall - external)
and what needs to connect
to and from where. do you have a firewall solution in place (PF,
ipfilter, ipfw)? And what do
you need to achieve?
br good luck,
Robert
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Re: Quick+easy port redirect
Tuc at T-B-O-H.NET wrote: Hi, Is there a quick/easy (cookbook?) way to do port redirects. Basically I want that anything that leaves a specific interface to any ip on port 80 go to 192.168.0.1 port 87. I'm using ipfw for some other things so it has to work and play well with that. I'm reasonably sure this can be done with natd(8) but its been a while since I used ipfw and natd. Hopefully someone more expert than me can confirm this. Vince Thanks, Tuc ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick+easy port redirect
In the last episode (Mar 28), Tuc at T-B-O-H.NET said: Is there a quick/easy (cookbook?) way to do port redirects. Basically I want that anything that leaves a specific interface to any ip on port 80 go to 192.168.0.1 port 87. I'm using ipfw for some other things so it has to work and play well with that. Make sure options IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is in your kernel config: ipfw add 500 forward 192.168.0.1 tcp from any to any 80 Note that this is a routing-style forward. The source and destination addresses are unchanged, so you will likely need another ipfw fwd rule at the destination machine to capture the traffic and force-forward it to 127.0.0.1:87 (or wherever you want it to go). If you're planning on passing the traffic to squid, there's a big FAQ section with some alternate methods: http://wiki.squid-cache.org/SquidFaq/InterceptionProxy -- Dan Nelson [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Quick+easy port redirect
Hi, Is there a quick/easy (cookbook?) way to do port redirects. Basically I want that anything that leaves a specific interface to any ip on port 80 go to 192.168.0.1 port 87. I'm using ipfw for some other things so it has to work and play well with that. Thanks, Tuc ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick question about PF and ALTQ
On Mon, November 12, 2007 08:04, Girish Venkatachalam wrote: Hope the above explanation suffices. Yu, it does. Very nice explanation, thanx. Can you clarify your needs a bit more? Well, it's actually quite simple: our internet access line, which is used by several people (directly, without a proxy server, but with a FreeBSD firewall). Our management wants to block unwanted traffic (so not: wants to block unwanted sited - which would be very easy), like p2p and online radio, since this traffic is: - non business related - bandwidth consuming Peter -- http://www.boosten.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick question about PF and ALTQ
Peter Boosten wrote: On Mon, November 12, 2007 08:04, Girish Venkatachalam wrote: Hope the above explanation suffices. Yu, it does. Very nice explanation, thanx. Can you clarify your needs a bit more? Well, it's actually quite simple: our internet access line, which is used by several people (directly, without a proxy server, but with a FreeBSD firewall). Our management wants to block unwanted traffic (so not: wants to block unwanted sited - which would be very easy), like p2p and online radio, since this traffic is: - non business related - bandwidth consuming Peter You just drop all traffic except for that over wanted ports, such as for http, https, ftp, smtp, pop3, maybe some instant messengers... That won't help against tunneling, though. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick question about PF and ALTQ
On 10:17:52 Nov 12, Peter Boosten wrote: Yu, it does. Very nice explanation, thanx. NP. Thanks. Well, it's actually quite simple: our internet access line, which is used by several people (directly, without a proxy server, but with a FreeBSD firewall). Our management wants to block unwanted traffic (so not: wants to block unwanted sited - which would be very easy), like p2p and online radio, since this traffic is: - non business related - bandwidth consuming In that case you don't need QoS at all. Just use pf for it. Refer to the first mail I sent in this thread. All the info you need is right there. Don't worry about altq. Best, Girish ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick question about PF and ALTQ
On 14:03:29 Nov 11, Peter Boosten wrote:
Hi all,
One quick question: is it possible to filter specific kinds of traffic
with altq, traffic that is not bound to specific IP addresses, like online
radio?
Looks like I finally understood what you want.
You want to block the protocol from/to *any* IP address.
This is easily done.
block all
pass out all to { http smtp ftp }
This is a very cruel ruleset. :)
Instead you actually want this one.
nonbusiess= { 522 bittorrent ... }
block quick drop out all to port $nonbusiness
As you can see using pf, you can leave out anything.
That is the power of this marvelous creation.
It gives tremendous power to firewalls.
In fact I would venture to say it is the best software available for
firewalling functionality.
Best,
Girish
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Quick question about PF and ALTQ
Hi all, One quick question: is it possible to filter specific kinds of traffic with altq, traffic that is not bound to specific IP addresses, like online radio? Thanks in advance. Peter -- http://www.boosten.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Quick question about PF and ALTQ
On 14:03:29 Nov 11, Peter Boosten wrote: Hi all, One quick question: is it possible to filter specific kinds of traffic with altq, traffic that is not bound to specific IP addresses, like online radio? Yes. Not altq(It is for QoS). But pf can of course. :) localip = www.shoutcast.com radioport = 554 block quick out on fxp0 proto tcp from any to $remoteip port $radioport Here is an example for you lift and plonk into your /etc/pf.conf. :) Best of luck! Obviously the IP and port are fictitious. This will block all the incoming traffic from any internal IP to the online radio service. Hope this helps. regards, Girish What is the port for online radio? Many use http. If you want to block RTSP, then I guess it should be 554 ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
