Re: [GNC] Migration and On-lind banking Manuals

2023-07-16 Thread David Cousens
Chris,

If you will have ongoing access to Quickbooks then it is reasonable just to
start by transferring the balances. If for some reason (unable to run the
program in future due to platform change etc etc) you will not have access but
still have a need to access the previous records, then data migration.

When I first moved to GnuCash I had previous data from a business in MYOB.
Initially I just transferred the balances but eventually I transferred the data
for previous years using CSV export and import into GnuCash. I worked back wards
a year at a time resetting the opening balances. I produced balance sheets for
each year and Profit/Loss reports in MYOB before starting and ensured the
corresponding reports in GnuCash matched after completing the import of data for
a given year.  If the reconciliation was valid to some date (eg start of a
current period) before beginning the import and it still works on the major
accounts to the same date after import, you can be reasonably sure that you
haven't introduced too many major errors. If it doesn't agree use the usual
procedures to locate errors in the records until the reconciliation is in
agreement again. Gnucash will show any unreconciled transactions from past
periods in the reconciliation dialogue for a reconciliation to a dtae in the
current period and you can keep a reconciliation dialogue open while importing
the data.
 
Quickbboks IIF files seem to be tab separated CSV files so GNucash's importer
should be able to handle them.

With the importer it is usually good practice to initially import relatively
small batches until you work out the correct associations between columns in the
expoprted data and the corresponding headings within GnuCash. It is possibly a
good idea to initially do this on a dummy set of books to sort out the problems
and only import into your working books once you have it sorted and routine. I
imported data a month at a time going backwards when I initially did this (circa
2010) and gradually moved to 6 months and then a year at a time when I had a
reliable methodology worked out.

Make frequent backups of the data file as you work backwards.

Another approach that I didn't try was to enter the historical data into a
separate data file from the file for the current data going forward.

Good luck

David Cousens

On Sun, 2023-07-16 at 18:13 -0700, Chris Miller wrote:
> Hi Folks, 
> 
> I have a few Intuit QuickBooks "Company Files" that I will migrate to GnuCash.
> I'm looking for migration advice. 
> 
> It is not clear how much history I want to take with me. I may simply start
> with exiting account balances, and live with QuickBooks for historical
> reports. Or, it may be easy and worthwhile to move move more than that. I
> don't know and I'd be interested to hear advice. For example, how difficult is
> it to start with zero migrated history and set account starting balances and
> then later migrate additional history and adjust starting balances? Or maybe
> there are other, even better strategies. I'm sure I am not the first user to
> move from QuickBooks. 
> 
> What is the minimum migration to do on-line banking? Is there a manual for on-
> line banking options and configuration? 
> 
> I think my goal is to get started using GnuCash as soon as I can and not get
> bogged down in the whole migration problem. 
> 
> Thanks for the help, 

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[GNC] Migration and On-lind banking Manuals

2023-07-16 Thread Chris Miller
Hi Folks, 

I have a few Intuit QuickBooks "Company Files" that I will migrate to GnuCash. 
I'm looking for migration advice. 

It is not clear how much history I want to take with me. I may simply start 
with exiting account balances, and live with QuickBooks for historical reports. 
Or, it may be easy and worthwhile to move move more than that. I don't know and 
I'd be interested to hear advice. For example, how difficult is it to start 
with zero migrated history and set account starting balances and then later 
migrate additional history and adjust starting balances? Or maybe there are 
other, even better strategies. I'm sure I am not the first user to move from 
QuickBooks. 

What is the minimum migration to do on-line banking? Is there a manual for 
on-line banking options and configuration? 

I think my goal is to get started using GnuCash as soon as I can and not get 
bogged down in the whole migration problem. 

Thanks for the help, 
-- 
Chris. 

V:916.799.9461 
F:916.974.0428 
A: Because we read from top to bottom, left to right.
Q: > Why should I start my reply below the quoted text? 
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Re: [GNC] Online Banking Setup

2023-07-16 Thread John M. Thornton
Jim,

Thanks for your response and with what I have tried in the past which was a
lot of what you mentioned,  it just looks like to me it's not worth the
effort with no guarantees it will work.

I will continue the manual entry along with using the QIF / OFX downloads
from my financial institutions.

Cheers,

John

John
Sent from Gmail for Android

On Sun, Jul 16, 2023, 19:12 Jim DeLaHunt  wrote:

> Hello, John, and welcome to GnuCash!
>
> On 2023-07-16 15:39, John M. Thornton wrote:
>
> > Good afternoon,
> >
> > I just wanted to inquire if anybody is able to use the Online Banking
> Setup
> > with Gnucash and how easy it was to set up within North America.  I
> > have tried to follow some wiki information and also looked at the setup
> for
> > my banks but it just doesn't seem to work.  I am able to download either
> > QIF or OFX files and do that, just was looking for something maybe a
> little
> > easier similar to how Quicken used to do it.
> >
> > I am using Windows 11, GnuCash 5.3 for reference
>
> I am guessing that want to use Online Banking itself, and the Online
> Banking Setup is just a necessary step in preparation. The term I use
> for this interaction is OFXDirectConnect, which is the name of the
> protocol which actually does the information exchange.  If you have not
> already read the wiki page,
> , I recommend
> it to you.
>
> Yes, I have used Online Banking via OFXDirectConnect for some banks and
> credit cards in the USA and Canada in the past. I no longer use it,
> because entering my transactions manually works better for me.
>
> My experience is that how easy or difficult it is to set up
> OFXDirectConnect is entirely a function of the bank or credit card
> company. Most don't bother to offer the service. Those that do, tend to
> offer it in idiosyncratic ways which require you to figure out what
> combinations of settings will be just right let the connection work.
> And, they tend not to describe what they require very well.
>
> The web site OFX Home  lists the required
> connection settings for some 300 banks and companies. If that company to
> which you want to connect is described there, correctly, then setting up
> a connection is easier. If it is not there, then it will probably be
> difficult to figure out.
>
> Does that answer your question?
>
> Best regards,
> —Jim DeLaHunt
>
>
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Re: [GNC] Online Banking Setup

2023-07-16 Thread Jim DeLaHunt

Hello, John, and welcome to GnuCash!

On 2023-07-16 15:39, John M. Thornton wrote:


Good afternoon,

I just wanted to inquire if anybody is able to use the Online Banking Setup
with Gnucash and how easy it was to set up within North America.  I
have tried to follow some wiki information and also looked at the setup for
my banks but it just doesn't seem to work.  I am able to download either
QIF or OFX files and do that, just was looking for something maybe a little
easier similar to how Quicken used to do it.

I am using Windows 11, GnuCash 5.3 for reference


I am guessing that want to use Online Banking itself, and the Online 
Banking Setup is just a necessary step in preparation. The term I use 
for this interaction is OFXDirectConnect, which is the name of the 
protocol which actually does the information exchange.  If you have not 
already read the wiki page, 
, I recommend 
it to you.


Yes, I have used Online Banking via OFXDirectConnect for some banks and 
credit cards in the USA and Canada in the past. I no longer use it, 
because entering my transactions manually works better for me.


My experience is that how easy or difficult it is to set up 
OFXDirectConnect is entirely a function of the bank or credit card 
company. Most don't bother to offer the service. Those that do, tend to 
offer it in idiosyncratic ways which require you to figure out what 
combinations of settings will be just right let the connection work. 
And, they tend not to describe what they require very well.


The web site OFX Home  lists the required 
connection settings for some 300 banks and companies. If that company to 
which you want to connect is described there, correctly, then setting up 
a connection is easier. If it is not there, then it will probably be 
difficult to figure out.


Does that answer your question?

Best regards,
   —Jim DeLaHunt


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[GNC] Finance::Quote - AlphaVantage Trade Currencies

2023-07-16 Thread Bruce Schuck

Hello again,

At some point I am going to take a break from F::Q, I thought this 
weekend I was going to escape.


### For the question, skip to the next ###

Anyway, some time ago the issue was raised about prices from 
AlphaVantage for LSE traded stocks (see 
https://github.com/finance-quote/finance-quote/issues/281). While there 
is an issue, the user's perceived solution was not the answer. 
Apparently my attempt to explain that the root cause was that the data 
returned from the AV "GLOBAL_QUOTE" API did *NOT* contain the currency 
used for the pricing returned.


What the AV module does is assign a currency based on the suffix of the 
lookup symbol. So stocks like GBP.L and GBPG.L get mapped to GBP. The 
problem is that GBP.L (Global Petroleum Limited) is traded in GBX (aka 
GBp) and GBPG.L (Goldman Sachs Access UK Gilts 1-10) is traded in GBP. 
But the AV module as written cannot differentiate since the currency 
used is not part of the data. Stocks from South Africa have a similar issue.


Needless to say, since I was not ready to dig into the root cause and 
not wanting to remove the fix that was meant to convert GBp pricing to 
GBP pricing based solely on the symbol's suffix, the user decided to go 
on a rant and throw a tantrum in the comments and had to be blocked from 
the Finance::Quote repository.


### Question here ###

The currency for the trades can be gotten from AV, but an additional 
call using the "SYMBOL_SEARCH" API is necessary. Obviously this would 
impact the throttling limitation of AlphaVantage. For non-US stocks, 
this means that including an additional currency lookup an average of 
2.5 securities can be fetched per minute. I am curious how many of you 
all use AV for non-US traded securities? Has the pricing discrepancy 
affect you, and would you want it corrected even though that means 
increasing retrieval time due to the extra API usage?


Bruce S.
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[GNC] Online Banking Setup

2023-07-16 Thread John M. Thornton
Good afternoon,

I just wanted to inquire if anybody is able to use the Online Banking Setup
with Gnucash and how easy it was to set up within North America.  I
have tried to follow some wiki information and also looked at the setup for
my banks but it just doesn't seem to work.  I am able to download either
QIF or OFX files and do that, just was looking for something maybe a little
easier similar to how Quicken used to do it.

I am using Windows 11, GnuCash 5.3 for reference
Regards,

John M Thornton
Lee's Summit, MO
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[GNC] Report: Asset Chart: Same security twice

2023-07-16 Thread Fred Tydeman
In looking at a Report: Asset Chart, I noticed that the same security
appears twice.
It appears this is due to the security being moved from a mutual fund
company to
a brokerage account.  It is the same investment.
Is that the expected behaviour?
Is there a way around this?
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[GNC] YahooJSON hack for Linux Flatpak install

2023-07-16 Thread doug brown via gnucash-user
The hack proposed by Bruce Schuck in the thread "Yahoo Closed the Door on 
Finance API" also works for Flatpak install of Gnucash v. 5.3.
This Flatpak install was the only Linux distribution of Gnucash v.5.3 I have 
been able to find. Unfortunately it it uses F::Q v. 1.56 and I have been unable 
to find any means of upgrading to F::Q v. 1.57.  The good news is the hack also 
works on F::Q v.1.56.
Bruce's hack is:>For those comfortable with locating and editing the 
YahooJSON.pm module>manually I have a quick fix. If you have F::Q v1.57 change 
the lines>defining $YIND_URL_HEAD and $YIND_URL_TAIL (lines 38 and 39) to:
>my $YIND_URL_HEAD 
>=>'https://query2.finance.yahoo.com/v11/finance/quoteSummary/?symbol=';>my 
>$YIND_URL_TAIL = '=price,summaryDetail,defaultKeyStatistics';
The Flatpak YahooJSON.pm module is located 
at:var/lib/flatpak/app/org.gnucash.GnuCash/current/active/files/lib/perl5/site_perl/S.32.0/Finance/Quote
Elevated privileges are required to modify this file.



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Re: [GNC] Window/Mac Summary Box difference

2023-07-16 Thread Adrien Monteleone

For reference, see bug links below.

Regards,
Adrien

On 7/16/23 2:50 PM, Adrien Monteleone wrote:
This first label, currency symbol, is telling you what the next two 
figures are denominated in, though this is redundant since the currency 
symbol is repeated with the actual amounts. I'll file a bug on this.


https://bugs.gnucash.org/show_bug.cgi?id=799025

This space would be much more useful with a 'Current Net Worth' figure 
there. I'll file an RFE for this.


https://bugs.gnucash.org/show_bug.cgi?id=799026

Finally, none of this appears documented in Help where the Summary Bar 
is described. That existing description references how the Summary Bar 
behaves in tabs *other than* the Account tab, which I believe is a bug, 
and I'll file that too. (the Summary bar is later described in each 
context separately anyway)


https://bugs.gnucash.org/show_bug.cgi?id=799027

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[GNC] Finance::Quote 1.57_02 - YahooWeb gets correct trading date and fixed pricing for single char symbols

2023-07-16 Thread Bruce Schuck

Greetings,

Another beta pre-release for F::Q v1.58 has been uploaded to CPAN. The 
URL used by YahooWeb (yahooweb) has been changed to the date is pulled 
from web page. The issue with some single-character symbols getting bad 
pricing has also been fixed, and labels 'open', 'high', 'low', and 
'volume' have been added.


Again, not a production indexed release, you can still install it using 
CPAN.


$ cpan BPSCHUCK/Finance-Quote-1.57_02.tar.gz

or

$ cpanm BPSCHUCK/Finance-Quote-1.57_02.tar.gz

or

$ perl -MCPAN -e shell
cpan> install BPSCHUCK/Finance-Quote-1.57_02.tar.gz


Bruce S.
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Re: [GNC] Window/Mac Summary Box difference

2023-07-16 Thread Adrien Monteleone

On 7/13/23 5:19 PM, Stephen M. Butler wrote:

Based on some experimentation, I suspect:

1.  Grand Total should always be zero (blank).  If ever non-zero it 
means you have an out-of-balance transaction (maybe more than one) 
somewhere.


It is not possible to have an out-of-balance transaction. Gnucash 
automatically creates a balancing split using the Imbalance-XXX account 
or the Orphan-XXX account.


Note, it seems there are only TWO figures on this bar, and not THREE 
with the first one simply 'missing'.


This first label, currency symbol, is telling you what the next two 
figures are denominated in, though this is redundant since the currency 
symbol is repeated with the actual amounts. I'll file a bug on this.


This space would be much more useful with a 'Current Net Worth' figure 
there. I'll file an RFE for this.


If you have a book that has assets and/or liabilities in multiple 
currencies, you will see those separately listed in the Summary Bar drop 
down.


You can see the Summary for *only* those accounts in your Book Currency, 
or you can select Grand Total and see the Summary for *all* accounts 
*converted* to your Book Currency.



2.  Net Assets appears to be Assets - Liabilities + Income - Expenses. 
So, Total Equity including retained earnings/losses.


That would be a current Net Worth figure, but it doesn't appear that way 
for me. If I include Income & Expenses the numbers don't match.


I've found that this number is the result of:

Assets - Liabilities + Orphan-XXX + Imbalance-XXX, for the chosen currency.

That is, if I select USD as the currency, ONLY accounts denominated in 
USD are included in the equation.


How Accounting Period comes into play:

If I choose last year as the accounting period, my Net Assets figure 
changes by the amount of *this* year's (2023) 'Profits' figure because 
those weren't part of my Assets as of 12/31/22. (not because the Income 
and Expenses accounts are part of the equation for this figure, because 
they are not)


This figure is just as it says - Net Assets *in that currency* and it is 
'as of the end of your current Accounting Period'.




3.  Profits appear to be Income - Expenses for the current year.


Yes. Same for me and it is certainly affected by the Accounting Period 
preference. But it works as expected regardless of the preference.


That is, if I choose relative 'start/end of this year' then it is this 
year's numbers. If I choose Absolute and put 1/1/23 & 12/31/23, then it 
is still this year's numbers.


If I choose Absolute but put 1/1/22 & 12/31/22, OR if I choose Relative 
'start/end of previous year', it is last year's numbers.


The choice of Relative vs. Absolute doesn't give inconsistent results.

-
Finally, none of this appears documented in Help where the Summary Bar 
is described. That existing description references how the Summary Bar 
behaves in tabs *other than* the Account tab, which I believe is a bug, 
and I'll file that too. (the Summary bar is later described in each 
context separately anyway)


Also note, the documentation references a 'Summary Bar' for the Accounts 
tab and for individual register tabs, but they visually appear 
different. (the Account tab Summary Bar is a drop down with a currency 
choice, whereas the register Summary Bar is fixed to the currency of the 
account)


Regards,
Adrien

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Re: [GNC] Equity Account "problem"

2023-07-16 Thread Default User
On Sun, 2023-07-16 at 13:50 -0500, Adrien Monteleone wrote:
> On 7/12/23 10:53 AM, Default User wrote:
> > ... I understand that the fundamental accounting equation
> > is, of course:
> > 
> > Assets - Liabilities = Equity
> 
> No, and if you answered that on a test, it would be marked wrong.
> 
> While the math works out and equations can be manipulated (as is the 
> case with your example above), the *Fundamental* Accounting Equation
> is:
> 
> Assets = Liabilities + Equity
> 
> This is a system of Balance. Writing the equation correctly describes
> how the system is designed.
> 
> There is a Left Side that is Equal to the Right Side.
> 
> Debit is on the Left.
> Credit is on the Right.
> 
> Debit = Credit
> 
> Assets are normally Debit balanced.
> Liabilities & Equity are normally Credit balanced.
> 
> You can expand the equation to include the temporary accounts Income
> & 
> Expenses, and being contributions to Equity, they belong on the Right
> or 
> Credit side of the equation:
> 
> Assets = Liabilities + Equity + (Income - Expenses)
> 
> Notice the (-) sign in front of Expenses. This indicates it is a
> 'contra 
> balanced' account, and since it is on the Right side of the equation 
> that means it is normally has the opposite balance of its side
> (Credit), 
> thus it normally has a Debit balance.
> 
> You can further manipulate the equation so all Debit balanced
> accounts 
> are on the left, and only Credit balanced accounts are on the right:
> 
> Assets + Expenses = Liabilities + Equity + Income
> 
> This is all right out of a basic accounting textbook.
> 
> There are many online, and every local library will likely have one
> too.
> 
> Regards,
> Adrien
> 
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Hi, Adrien!

Thanks for the explanation.  I appreciate it!

:)

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Re: [GNC] Equity Account "problem"

2023-07-16 Thread Adrien Monteleone

On 7/12/23 10:53 AM, Default User wrote:

... I understand that the fundamental accounting equation
is, of course:

Assets - Liabilities = Equity


No, and if you answered that on a test, it would be marked wrong.

While the math works out and equations can be manipulated (as is the 
case with your example above), the *Fundamental* Accounting Equation is:


Assets = Liabilities + Equity

This is a system of Balance. Writing the equation correctly describes 
how the system is designed.


There is a Left Side that is Equal to the Right Side.

Debit is on the Left.
Credit is on the Right.

Debit = Credit

Assets are normally Debit balanced.
Liabilities & Equity are normally Credit balanced.

You can expand the equation to include the temporary accounts Income & 
Expenses, and being contributions to Equity, they belong on the Right or 
Credit side of the equation:


Assets = Liabilities + Equity + (Income - Expenses)

Notice the (-) sign in front of Expenses. This indicates it is a 'contra 
balanced' account, and since it is on the Right side of the equation 
that means it is normally has the opposite balance of its side (Credit), 
thus it normally has a Debit balance.


You can further manipulate the equation so all Debit balanced accounts 
are on the left, and only Credit balanced accounts are on the right:


Assets + Expenses = Liabilities + Equity + Income

This is all right out of a basic accounting textbook.

There are many online, and every local library will likely have one too.

Regards,
Adrien

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Re: [GNC] Two Instances as opposed to two separate files

2023-07-16 Thread Adrien Monteleone
And then there is the problem that sometimes, quoted material gets 
unquoted, or quote levels are removed and the sender didn't notice that 
some of it effectively became unquoted and now appears as their own writing.


Will,

Your recent post below is a top post with a reference quote from Stan 
which contains nested reference quotes from Paul & R Losey. 
Unfortunately, Stan's reply appears as your own rather than a quote.


Now *that* is confusing and it takes mental bandwidth to sort out what 
is the relevant new portion of this post.


(I'm not complaining, and I don't know how it happens each time, but it 
is indeed a mess!)


Regards,
Adrien

On 7/14/23 8:33 PM, William Prescott wrote:

Just to be a devil's advocate...
The advantage of top posting is that the new addition to the thread is obvious. 
With bottom posting, the new reply appears in the middle of the message, often 
with text both above and below it.

Probably because of the default behavior of many email clients, most email 
chains I see are top posted. This forum is the only place where I commonly see 
bottom posting.

To quote from Wikipedia on the subject:
"For a long time the traditional style was to post the answer below as much of 
the quoted original as was necessary to understand the reply (bottom or inline). 
Many years later, when email became widespread in business communication, it became 
a widespread practice to reply above the entire original and leave it (supposedly 
untouched) below the reply.
While each online community  differs on which 
styles are appropriate or acceptable, within some communities the use of the "wrong" method 
risks being seen as a breach of netiquette , and can 
provoke vehement response from community regulars."


Personally, I'm neutral. Either is fine with me.

Will

On 14 Jul 2023, at 19:17, Stan Brown  wrote:


On Fri, Jul 14, 2023 at 6:50 AM Paul Feakins 
wrote:

With a mailing list such as this, I believe the convention is to put
replies at the bottom?


On 2023-07-14 17:56, R Losey wrote:

Is there really a convention for replies? Gmail puts my replies at the top
by default (like this), but if they are supposed to be at the bottom, I can
pretty easily do that as well. But I haven't seen a FAQ or heard that this
is a convention.


It is a long-standing convention, predating computers, that the response
comes after the thing being responded to. (That's unless you're a
contestant on Jeopardy, of course.)

Without even considering everybody's _other_ email, there are multiple
topics on the GC mailing list, and few people can keep all of that in
their heads. Some brief context (usually _not_ a full quote of the
article) is helpful before making one's response. To me it seems like
basic courtesy for the writer to consider the convenience of the
readers, who outnumber the writer manyfold.

Stan Brown
Tehachapi, CA, USA
https://BrownMath.com


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Re: [GNC] Two Instances as opposed to two separate files

2023-07-16 Thread Adrien Monteleone

Yes, I am a top poster, but not always.

I don't view most of these topics as 'conversations'. My post is usually 
its own thing on a shared subject.


I only include a relevant quote for reference or context. If someone 
wants that reference or context, they can scroll and read. Those that 
don't need it, don't have to. (and trimming quotes helps everyone)


If there is a list of points or questions, I'll switch to in-line 
replies or answers as now there are multiple references for my comments.


Regards,
Adrien

On 7/14/23 3:10 PM, David H wrote:

No-one really cares any more - top posting saves scrolling through rows of
someone else's opinion sometimes and gmail doesn't make it easy :-)


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Re: [GNC] Two Instances as opposed to two separate files

2023-07-16 Thread Michael Hendry
On 15 Jul 2023, at 11:28, Chris Green  wrote:

> 
>> 
> I occasionally run two copies of GnuCash and there don't appear to be
> any significant issues when I do this.  It's quite a rare occurrence
> though as, with small (one year only) database files a GnuCash
> instance starts very quickly so I just start and stop them as required.

I seem not to be able to run two copies of GnuCash on my Mac, so I can’t test 
this (I haven’t looked at invoking it via the command-line).

I’ve been using GnuCash since 2010 using single files for each of several 
different organisations, and file opening is still effectively instantaneous.

>> 
>> 1. Assuming you create a new data file for each each unrestricted and 
>> restricted 
>> account each year, you lose the prompts for recurrent transactions (e.g. 
>> Payment to The Corner Shop from the current account to the Expenses:Tea, 
>> Milk and Biscuits account). 
> 
> Yes, but it's hardly a big loss.  One only has to re-enter a repeated
> item once a year!

I have a number of multi-split transactions, and my memory isn’t good enough to 
keep their construction consistent from year to year.

As another example, in the case of the Rotary Club, annual subscriptions fall 
due at the beginning of the Rotary Year (1st July). I duplicate all the 
subscription payments from the previous year, setting the date of payment to 
1st July and the amount to zero after making adjustments for members who have 
left or joined during the year. As subscriptions come in, I edit the relevant 
transactions to correct the date and value paid. This way I can print off a 
report before meetings and jog the memories of tardy payers without having to 
keep track of payments on paper or in a separate app. 

> We (or the Diocese) have absolutely no need for multi-year reports.
> Anyway it's hardly more difficult to produce a balance sheet for 2021
> and a balance sheet for 2022 and compare them. Plus I never have to
> change start and end dates for reports, for a particular year they are
> cast in stone for all reports.

I didn’t think there was any value in this until I experimented with the 
multi-report feature. Insights were gained, especially over the Covid years.

> 
> With 'cash accounting' it's trivial to ensure the end of year figures
> are correct, they **must** be the same as the bank statement for 31st
> December.  Similarly uncashed cheques simply don't appear, a cheque
> payment only appears in the accounts when it is actually debited from
> the bank account.

I see that Michael Novack has answered this from the US legal point of view. 
From a practical point of view, I think it wise always to record the issue of a 
cheque in the books to reduce the risk of an inadvertent overdraft. As cheques 
disappear from use, this likely to disappear as a problem, but I try to ensure 
that bank transfers are made several days before 30th June to ensure that 
they’ve been completed before the year-end.

Clearly, we have both developed ways of dealing with our own circumstances, and 
will probably continue to differ!

A big “hurray” to the GnuCash team for supporting our idiosyncrasies and to 
this list for providing a forum for discussion.

Regards,

Michael
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