Upgrade to 2.2.1 kernel, sound problems
I upgraded to the 2.2.1 kernel (it should be somewhat stable being an even release number) and my AWE 64 sound card now fails to work. I have isapnp installed to configure the soundcard on bootup, that works fine (prints out board id etc...). However when I attempt to use mpg123 to play mp3 files I recieve the following error. Can't open /dev/dsp! However I do have dsp in my device driver dir (/dev/). ls -l /dev/dsp crw-rw 1 root audio 14, 3 May 12 1998 /dev/dsp Can you shed any light on my problem? (I also noticed that the config script for the kernel never asked for io/irq/dma etc.. addresses what's up?) Thanks for your time Mark Panzer
Problems with ide-scsi emulation
I recently compiled a 2.2.1 kernel, (as per the cd-writing howto) and I cannot get my ide cd writter (HP 8100i on /dev/hdc) to map to any scsi device. When attempting to mount it as almost any scsi device I recieve the following error: mount: the kernel does not recognize /dev/sr0 as a block device Can anyone lend a hand? Thank you for your time. Mark Panzer
Re: Disk maintenance
Christian Lavoie wrote: On Sat, Jan 09, 1999 at 09:49:11PM +, Christian Lavoie wrote: I've got a single ext2fs partition, so it is the root partition. That's the one I need to defrag/scan, so even having it mounted as read only won't help. (At least for the defrag) So as far as I can tell I need either: - A win95/dos based tool to defragment a linux partition (yeah right) - A floppy (or CD-ROM) based dist that won't access my HD at all. (And has the adequate tools) - Another computer with linux installed. (Forget it) - A way to boot without any root partition. But then, how does UNIX administrator were dealing with such issues? How can one scan and/or defrag a ext2fs? Hmmm. I think you should be able to defrag the root while it's mounted read-only, as long as the defrag tool knows to flush the cache afterwards. You can fsck the root while it's mounted no problem. You're right for fsck, but not for defrag. So the problem still stands. Try toms self-contained boot/emergency disk. www.toms.net/~toehser/rb/ It has a load of Linux utilities on a single floppy disk. Mark panzer -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: .RPM
Darko Martic wrote: Hi ! How to extract/use .RPM files. Thanx ! Try alien Mark Panzer -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: SQUAKE SVGALIB problems
Alexander N. Benner wrote: hi Ship's Log, Lt. Michael Beattie, Stardate 071298.1206: A `chmod +s /usr/games/squake.real` will fix it. you should also consider running suidregister from the package suidmanager as squacke is worth being updated frequently and you want to keep the +s Strange, SVGALIB also locked my system. Sound and video worked for a few moments and then at a random ,short time, after it started my machine would just lock Is there some problem with [s,x]quake and the S3 chipset? I'm running 2.0.34. Panz
SQUAKE SVGALIB problems
Well, I tried to use xquake but my system locked up 3 times after about two seconds of use. I then decided to try out squake however when I run squake I recieve the error: svgalib: Cannot get I/O permissions. I checked the permissions on the lib files and changed them so group and user could read and execute them, but there was no change. Suggestions? Panz
Re: X11 hangs after moving mouse
Ben Jorgensen wrote: After starting X11 the computer hangs (stone-dead) after a few seconds. Sometimes it just hangs right away.. I think it may have something to do with the mouse but I'm not sure. Today I changed some hardware in my computer (motherboard,ram,mouse). I used to have a ps/2 mouse but now I have a serial mouse instead. It's a logitech 3-button mouse. Thanks for any help!! That means you have to run the X setup program (eg XF86Setup) and select the serial mouse instead of the ps/2, X won't know what to do without knowing where the new mouse is. //ben -- http://surf.to/anTiX -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: GTKICQ doesn't do ANYTHING
Adam Shand wrote: I d/l'ed and installed all the files for GTKICQ from SLINK to use it on my HAMM box. The only problem is it says connecting to server... then the moving scroll-bar freezes and it never connects. Is this package broken? There are no real docs with it. i had the same problem when i upgraded to 0.56-2 (previously it had worked really well). i just started using licq (there is a debian package) which is more stable and has more features anyway, though it isn't as pretty. adam. I just ended-up downloading and compiling zicq in my home bin/ directory ah, well it works. Mark Panzer Internet Alaska 4050 Lake Otis Pkwy Adam Shand (v) +1 907 562 4636 Anchorage, AK 99508 Technical Lead (f) +1 907 562 4807 - http://www.spack.org/ - Computers are useless. They can only give you answers. - Pablo Picasso -
GTKICQ doesn't do ANYTHING
I d/l'ed and installed all the files for GTKICQ from SLINK to use it on my HAMM box. The only problem is it says connecting to server... then the moving scroll-bar freezes and it never connects. Is this package broken? There are no real docs with it. Thanks in advance, Mark Panzer
Re: how do I extract a 2.6 gigabyte .tar.gz file ? (the saga continues)
Darxus wrote: I installed Windows (see what you made me do??). I installed WinZip. I told WinZip to open my 2.6gb home.tgz file... it said okay... it said this file contains home.tar, you want me to extract it to a temp dir open it ? So unlike our beloved Unix utilities, winzip CAN seek past 2gb. BUT it can't untar and unzip at the same time, and since I don't have over 5.2gb of fat32 storage space, I don't have enough room to extract the .tar that my .tgz contains to a temp dir. So I still can't get my files. (ARGH) I'm guessing Win95 can go out to 4GB 2^32 so maybe if you tried to extract this archive in Win it still wouldn't work (BTW: how did this file get created? The whole thing would have to be over 4GB uncompressed (right?)) Well here's what you can assume, 1. The file you want is in this archive but you cannot seek past 2.0GB 2. It would be a very large effort to recompile libc for 2GB (and all of the associated programs). 3. You can access this file via M$ related utilities. Here's my idea: Try installing DOSEMU and finding a DOS based tar/gz extractor. Since many DOS programs write directly to the hardware, if they support a standard 4 byte (2^32) file pointer they might be able to extract it for you. It's just an idea, but I'm not posititve it will work for you. Mark Panzer Ideas anyone ? Anybody want to lend me a large hard drive ? :) It couldn't really be that hard to make Unix stuff able to seek past 2gb, could it ? :) ***PGP fingerprint = D5 EB F8 E7 64 55 CF 91 C2 4F E0 4D 18 B6 7C 27*** [EMAIL PROTECTED] / http://www.op.net/~darxus Chaos reigns. -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: Bug in CD-ROM modules ???
ivan wrote: Hello, This is further to my post last titled THIRD TIME - please help. I am sorry but I haven't got a copy because I had to format my Win95 partition and re-install. Hey I know the feeling. No doubt you are all bored of this but I have tried all of the suggestions given and still can't get Hamm to install from CD. The problem as described previously is an IRQ timeout error (0xd0) which occurs repeatedly when installing Hamm from CD. Here are a few possibilities: -Your CD-ROM is not set to slave if it is sharing a IDE channel with a HDD. -Your CD-ROM spins down and cannot spin-up fastenough to send data (causing a time-out) What would be nice to know: -what IDE channel is the CD-ROM on? -does the CD-ROM share a channel with a hard disk? -is the IDE channel on a soundcard? What you could try: -have someone else try to install from the CD (maybe it's bad?) -put the CD-ROM on a separate IDE channel if it currently is sharing one, or vice versa. -report back with more error messages if problems persist -install from FTP (I know it's slow, I have a 14.4Kbps modem and it took me a week to install Debian from FTP because of my ISP restrictions) I see from the archives that several other people have discussed this but I didn't see a solution proposed. Any ideas now ??? Tell me where these archives are and maybe I'll find something in them (I haven't looked lately) The disk is fine - Win95 reads it without a problem and with only the Hamm base system installed I was able to copy from it to a directory in my Linux partition until I ran out of room ( how did a 650Mb CD use up a 1.5Gb partition BTW ? ) All .deb files are compressed and normally expand to about twice their size. During the installation I can hear the drive constantly speed up then slow down then speed up etc... when dselect is operating and then finally it grinds to a halt and errors occur. Is anything installed or is it seeking continually seeking. I have a P166mmx with a 2.5Gb h/d, 32Mb memory, 1.44Mb floppy and 24X speed ATAPI CD-ROM. The name of the CD-ROM is Diamond Data which I believe is manufactured by Mitsubishi. I have previously installed Hamm on the system by FTP which ran perfectly and even played music CD's but please don't tell me to reinstall by FTP as this takes me about two days to download because of work commitments and ISP time restrictions. The CD-ROM is supposed to be the official distribution which I purchased from DVD Rent in Victoria, Australia. If you need more info to help please ask. TIA Ivan. Mark Panzer
Upgrade to Slink and custom kernel
Just wondering, I compiled a custom kernel (2.0.34) with kpkg a while back for my HAMM box. If (When) I upgrade to SLINK will APT wipe-out my custom kernel? I thought kpkg added a kernel-1 (or something similar) to the kernel version so DPKG/APT wouldn't upgrade it, I just wanted to know if I was right. Mark Panzer
Re: FYI: DMA/33 and kernels
Sean Johnson wrote:
I get the same exact results with my PPro system (Intel 440FX chipset) and
Maxtor 7.2GB UDMA drive. This even happens under the developmental kernel
2.1.122 which I use for the better SMP handling. I've asked questions
before on newsgroups and such as to what could be causing this behavior, or
if anybody else had even seen this kind of behavior, but never got any
response.
I'm using 2.34 and have not recieved a problem yet. My machine is a
Cyrix 200MMX with a VIA VP3 chipset and a Maxtor 4.3 Gig UDMA33. I
don't have the UDMA feature of the kernel in use, I use the standard IDE
driver. Maybe this is a hardware problem, a result of too low of
bandwidth (since Win probably never tries to use the full bandwidth
capacity of these drives)?
Mark Panzer
Sean
MORE INFO
WHat I mean to say is that if you install a DMA/33 drive that claimes to
be compatable with IDE, I get a ton of errors that look like this:
hdwhatever: multwrite_intr: status=0x51 { DriveReady SeekComplete Error }
hdwhatever: multwrite_intr: error=0x04 { DriveStatusError }
hdwhatever: status timeout: status=0xd0 { Busy }
hdwhatever: no DRQ after issuing WRITE
ide1: reset: success
I get MANY fewer with 2.0.32. In fact, I get many per minute with
2.0.3(3-5) yet only a few per day with 2.0.32. This is with plain vanilla
hdparm settings (i.e. the defaults)
Also, with 2.0.35 I kept getting errors for illegal blocks, accesses
beyond the end of the device, fsck failures due to illegal blocks in
inodes requiring manual repair, etc. None of these problems with 2.0.32.
I first noticed this earlier this year when I installed an 8G drive on a
2.0.33 box. I could not keep the bux running more than a day until I
reverted to 2.0.32 and put the large disk as the slave on the primary IDE.
These are two different brands of motherboards with two different chipsets
that show the same results.
--
Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: chown for the floppy group
Kenneth Scharf wrote: You can also add a line to /etc/fstab for /dev/fd0 with options to set to user access without mounting the disk. That way anyone may mount a floppy. - Well, I suppose I better RTFM some more. However, I did a chgrp floppy /floppy, all is fine and dandy without any floppy mounted. However, when I mount a floppy as root the root group once again owns the /floppy directory which means I cannot write to it when I'm logged in as a standard user. I also have this problem when I try to mount my vfat win95 partiton. Another question when I try to mount a vfat partition I get the errors: Unable to load NLS charset cp437(nls_437) Unable to load NLS charset iso8859-1(nls_iso8859_1) but I can still read and write to the disk (as root), I'm guessing I did something wrong when I recently compiled the kernel with kpkg. I noticed when I'm logged in as a normal user (not root) I cannot write to the floppy drive. I checked out the permissions, I'm in the floppy group but /floppy belongs to root and is of the group root. While I was root user I tried to chown .floppy /floppy but it says, root is not a member of the group floppy. Which is probably true. :) What about this: # chgrp floppy /floppy _ DO YOU YAHOO!? Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
chown for the floppy group
I noticed when I'm logged in as a normal user (not root) I cannot write to the floppy drive. I checked out the permissions, I'm in the floppy group but /floppy belongs to root and is of the group root. While I was root user I tried to chown .floppy /floppy but it says, root is not a member of the group floppy. thanks for your help, Mark Panzer
Re: Kernel Panic: VFS Unable to mount root fs on 03:01
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: My Hamm system is a couple weeks old, and I'm trying to roll my own kernel. The first few trys seemed to work, (removing PCI support, setting processor type to 486, etc...), but now, no matter how simple of a kernel I try to build, the system won't reboot. The kernel loads, then, after about 3/4 of a screen of normal startup messages, the system halts with: VFS: Can't open root device 03:01 Kernel Panic: VFS unable to mount root fs on 03:01 You might be making your kernel too simple if you don't include support for the minix fs then it cannot mount the root partiton. Try remaking your kernel and be sure to include ext2 support. What do these messages mean, what have I done to myself, and how can I undo it? Next time also try to use the kpkg utility, all you do is enter the source directory enter kpkg and it creates a .deb of the kernel (well almost you'll have to read the doc's or ask me for more info if you want it). When you do a dpkg -i kernel-XX.deb it does everything for you, even runs lilo! I installed the 2.0.34 kernel source package. I think I'm following the instructions in /usr/doc/kernel-source-2.0.34/README. I do: make mrproper make menuconfig make dep make clean make zImage make modules make modules_install cp /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/zImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.0.34 lilo Here is some other potentially relevant info: $ less /etc/lilo.conf boot=/dev/hda1 root=/dev/hda1 install=/boot/boot.b map=/boot/map vga=normal delay=20 image=/vmlinuz label=Linux read-only $ ls -l /vmlinuz lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Sep 7 15:01 /vmlinuz - boot/vmlinuz-2.0.34 $ ls -l /boot total 295 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 512 Sep 7 15:27 boot.0301 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4536 Nov 21 1997 boot.b -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 300 Nov 21 1997 chain.b -rw--- 1 root root 6656 Sep 15 23:12 map -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 444 Dec 12 1997 mbr.b -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 308 Nov 21 1997 os2_d.b -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 281865 Sep 15 23:12 vmlinuz-2.0.34 Thanks, Matt Miller Software is never finished, it is only released Mike Gancarz, The Unix Philosophy -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
/var/log cleanout
Are system maintainers (su's) supposed to clean out the /var/log directory after a while? Mine is up to 15MB and I don't think I really need to see if I connected to the internet on June 2nd. Also is there a program which cleans this for you, or what is the correct way? Thanks. Mark Panzer
Re: Apt how, why, where
Ed Cogburn wrote: Mark Panzer wrote: Question, Apt is supposed to be a better replacement for dselect/dpkg right? Can you install it on a HAMM system, and if so how? I guess I kinda got left behind on the Apt thing. Does Apt use the same .deb's as dselect? Also what is the proper way to compile and install a kernel in debian? I've heard make kpkg instead of make zlilo and other makeables. Sorry for all the questions. Thanks. Mark Panzer Apt is a replacement for dselect, not dpkg. It is front-end to dpkg, so the '.deb' packaging scheme is the same. It currently has only a command-line interface. However it also installs itself as a 'access' method under dselect. dselect/apt is better than dselect/ftp. 'make-kpkg' is supposed to be the Debian Way(TM), although, being lazy, I still go the old zlilo/zImage route. If you make the zlilo will it break your system, by confusing dselect. Or is this an exceptable practice? I think it would be a good idea to have the Debian Linux Kernel Compiling HOWTO since everyone who wants sound has to recompile. Also if you select modules (suppose I have to if I get a PnP card) will it compile all the drivers not selected in make [menu/x/config] into modules so you can use them or do you still have to select the ones you want in make? It would be kinda cool if you could just make a tiny kernel with only HDD support (and network) and then insmod or use kdeamon to put all the modules in, also if you added more hardware later you could just insmod that driver for it and not have to recompile. (gee I think I'd like to delete that Win95 partition too bad I need Word for school). Mark Panzer -- Ed C. -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: Linuxmusicface=0 was ( Slab [Re: Audio Stuffffff] )
phillip Neumann wrote: Hi debian, Well i have be searching about a long time for sound application. And i get to the conclusion that for musicans, linux is crap. Music people cannot do music on computer with this OP. I found this pretty bad. Here could exist very better app. that for win/Mac. Linux is much more free that those, then, there could be much more free application. And thats what musican (at least me) are searching for. Freedom for creations Linux isn't the crap, you should be refering to the lack of applications that exist. If you need one so bad you should start a project to create one, join debian-devel., learn C, etc... That's how the Linux/GNU thing works, everyone pitches in. If you don't like it improve it! Mark Panzer finnaly to end with my sound questions where can i find sound apps?? Well sorry for this questio, but what is GUS ?? GUS means Gravis UltraSound and is a sound card like the AWE 32. It is 'inclined' to play MOD files. I need to load soundbanks and create them too. Im searching for a program that can do edition of soundbanks... if someone knows about one please tell me... In the Debian awe-utils package I found some interesting programs: with them you can traslate soundbanks to/from textual representation and to/from gus-patches. I never tried it, but you should be able to edit the textual representation with an ordinary text editor and translate it back to the sfx format or use a gus-patch editor to modify your soundbank (but I am not much informed on such editors). Where have you downloaded it? ... maybe I can compile it and make a Debian package from it. Slab seems an interesting program. A Debian user recomend me this program. I forgot his name. but i didnt forgot the addres where i got slab, its at shareware music machine: http://www.hitsquad.com/smm/programs/Slab_Recording_Studio_Software/ Unfortunately it is shareware, and it is VERY big (over 2 Mb) for my VERY slow internet connection. PS: I cannot find information on thats ``ACI MIXER'' at the kernel configurartion...someone has? Whe i select this, sound initialization becomes very slow at my system... It seems to be a driver for the miroSOUND card, which enables full duplex. Sound initialization may be slow probably because the kernel tries to detect that card. For more info on it read the file /usr/src/linux/drivers/sound/lowlevel/aci.c Ciao Michele I have check slab page again, and yes, its shareware :-( I will give awe-utils a try... Thanks for all the information, Phillip Neumann [EMAIL PROTECTED] __ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Apt how, why, where
Question, Apt is supposed to be a better replacement for dselect/dpkg right? Can you install it on a HAMM system, and if so how? I guess I kinda got left behind on the Apt thing. Does Apt use the same .deb's as dselect? Also what is the proper way to compile and install a kernel in debian? I've heard make kpkg instead of make zlilo and other makeables. Sorry for all the questions. Thanks. Mark Panzer
Re: Lower bogomips in debian?
Christopher Barry wrote: I have a Pentium-MMX 166MHz overclocked to 200MHz and I get 399.77. I believe 332.60 is the exact number I got to when I had it clocked at 166MHz. That definately is a weird problem you've got. FWIW, Chris none wrote: Hi, I just recently installed debian 2.0 on my pc at home and I just noticed something odd as I booted. Since I have started using debian it shows 249.04 bogomips whereas when I used to run slackware,redhat,suse it would show 332.60 bogomips. I know this probably isnt such a big deal but it struck me as being odd. I have built another kernel and it show the same 249.04 number, then I tried booting off a slackware 3.5 bootdisk I have and it reported the 332.60. Anyway just thought I would ask if there was some sort of reason of this inconsistency, other then that I am very pleased with debian 2.0. Oh by the way I am using a Pentium 166/MMX processor with 96MB RAM. Why does my Cyrix 200 M2 only get ~150? I thought that BogoMips were only a measure of integer performance. I guess the Bogo for bogus is right! Mark Panzer Thanks! Eric --
Re: Parallel I/O
Michael Beattie wrote: I dont know if this got through due to the DNS problem, so here's my Question again: I am having trouble with porting a DOS prog to linux, It is used to control a Parallel port interface card, which I bought as a kit from the local electronics store. It works fine in DOS, but now, when I try to get and send info to it ( inb([base]) and outb([value],[base]) ) nothing registers. The control program that someone pointed to at: http://www-ugrad.cs.colorado.edu/~rkirkpat/software/ppc-1.0.tgz works quite well, but My program wont work. Don't you have to open say /dev/lp0 as a file (in read and write) to do this? I could be wrong, but since Linux treats everything as a file it makes sence. Is there something I should do in my program to let the port be used freely? ( Hex 0x378 ) I have the ioperm stuff from the ppc program. Can anyone help? I would probably accept flames... :) Can you send the source code? It's hard to visualize something without takin' a look. Mark Panzer
setting a backround in X
According to a X homepage [http://www.gaijin.com/X/] your supposed to issue the command xv -root -quit [filename of pic.xpm] however I tried find / -name xv and that program doesn't exist on my computer, do I have to install another package. Thanks for your help. Mark Panzer
Re: 256MB RAM systems can need 1GB swap... Re: Partitioning....
Christopher Barry wrote: The latest Debian install manual when addressing the need of how big you need to make your swap partition says: That still leaves the question of swap space. There are as many views on how much swap you need as there are Unix administrators. One rule of thumb which works well is to use as much swap as you have RAM, although there probably isn't much point in going over 64MB of swap for most users. If you start using that much swap, you should get more RAM. Of course, there are exceptions. If you are trying to solve 1 simultaneous equations on a machine with 256MB of RAM you may need a gigabyte (or more) of swap. If your swap requirements are this high, however, you should probably try to spread the swap across different disks. So I suppose the For workstations the more RAM you have, the less you'll need SWAP isn't true for 100% of workstations, but I'll be damned if my 64MB Pentium-MMX has ever swapped much even with Netscape mail and bunch of browsers open and a kernel compile running in the background. Wow are you lucky, for some reason when I run netscape it sucks all of my RAM and uses ~30Mb of swap (and all my 32Mb of RAM). I posted a question about a month ago on this but those who helped me noticed some of the same problems but not to the extent that I had. Anyone care to explain why huge swap spaces should be spread across multiple disks? I can understand the need for multiple partitions, as swap partitions bigger than 128MB IIRC won't be able to use more than 128MB of it, but why should the multiple partitions be spread across multiple disks? Does doing this automatically make them RAID like so that writes and reads for the swap space are distributed so that each additional disk you distribute swap across increases your overall swap speed as is true with some RAID levels? If you spread the swap partitons across multiple disks then SCSI can do some 'multitasking' buy telling disks to read or write data while waiting for another disk to finish it's operation. If this is true, then in the name of the eaking out every last bit of swap performance that I'll never use I may just hook up an old unused 2GB SCSI disk I have (well, unused until I have enough other 'unused' parts to build a new computer to use it) and distribute my swap across it and my current disk (and mind as well make a few extra ext2 partitions on it while it's sitting on the SCSI chain so it sees more use). Certainly couldn't hurt, but might give me a 1% performance boost .0001% of the time I'm using my computer. :) Yah, but it makes you feel good doesn't it? Steve Lamb wrote: On Wed, 12 Aug 1998 15:31:14 -0400 (EDT), Will Lowe wrote: Well, give yourself at least twice as much swap space as physical memory (for 64 megs of ram, go for 128 megs of swap). Swap should be a seperate partition. Actually, this is antiquated advice to be handing out. On my Debian system this is what free turns up: [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/morpheus}free total used free sharedbuffers cached Mem: 63332 61784 1548 27160 32000 16208 -/+ buffers/cache: 13576 49756 Swap:14328 16 14312 14Mb of SWAP and 63Mb of RAM. For workstations the more RAM you have, the less you'll need SWAP. The only time this machine has touched swap was because of the Netscape memory leak. So why waste the HD space for something that is never used? Really? What version of netscape do you have, and more importantly is it fixed in the newer versions? Also, the 2x RAM rule of thumb is based on, IIRC, BSD systems which map RAM into the swap space so to get any swap you had to make the swap partition as large as RAM and then some. So, for a workstation, the lower the RAM I'd say the larger the swap. Something like: RAM/SWAP 4/32 8/32 16/24 32/16 64/16 Servers, the rule of thumb is, what do you plan to run on the machine and make sure your RAM/SWAP covers it. -- Steve C. Lamb | Opinions expressed by me are not my http://www.calweb.com/~morpheus| employer's. They hired me for my ICQ: 5107343 | skills and labor, not my opinions! ---+- -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Sound cards
Can someone please recommend a good sound card for use with Linux, (~$30) I know that SB's are compatable but you can't find any without a PnP ISA interface. Isn't there an easier way? Also I've heard the OSS system is, well, crummy. Are they planning on replacing it? Mark Panzer
Sound Cards (again)
I know the subject of soundcards comes up all to often, but I was wondering if the users on this group could recommend a good quality card for around $30. I would also like to use this card in Win 95 for games like Fighters Anthology and others. I currently have the 2.0.34 sources for the kernel installed. I also remeber hearing some users complain about a problem with iso9660 support. Thanks for your help again. Mark Panzer
chmod
I tried using chmod to allow myself (when logged in as mark) to have access to my floppy drive. I did a chmod o+rwx /floppy but when I tried to check this with ls -ld /floppy I see that only root still has write privilages. Can someone offer some help. Mark Panzer -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
I lost my window managers!!!!!!!!!!!!
Here's what happened, I guess I was a little jumpy and I started typing in one of the X-terms that opens by default before window-maker started. Then it [X-win] decided not to load a window-manager. No problem I thought, I rebooted and tried again, still no window-manager. I looked in my window-managers file and all of them are listed, how come it doesn't start any?? Thanks for your help.. PS - windows look kinda neat without a window manager sometimes (except you can move them) Mark -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: I lost my window managers!!!!!!!!!!!!
Stephen J. Carpenter wrote: On Tue, Jul 21, 1998 at 09:03:23AM -0500, Mark Panzer wrote: Here's what happened, I guess I was a little jumpy and I started typing in one of the X-terms that opens by default before window-maker started. Then it [X-win] decided not to load a window-manager. No problem I thought, I rebooted and tried again, still no window-manager. I looked in my window-managers file and all of them are listed, how come it doesn't start any?? Thanks for your help.. hmmm wmaker is your default? try commenting out wmaker. If that works...try this: move the GNUstep directory in your home drive to a new name. then try...wmaker will recreate its standard GNUstep dir... I found that I many times set somethin in wmaker and next thing I knew wmaker wouldn't run anymore...in fact...all I got was twm (which afaik isn't even listed in my window-managers file... I hate twm) maybe this will fix it? give it a try course...I went back to fvwm2 last nnight...I find I prefer fvwm2 with tkdesk to wmaker Sorry that didn't work. It would be really nice to have X start a window manager for me again. I've also had problems trying to get out of X (because the WM didn't 'hook' into it correctly. When I use the really quit command in FVWM2 I just loose the window manager X doesn't shut-down!) I also didn't know if you noticed that I have NO window manager when I start-up X. PS - windows look kinda neat without a window manager sometimes (except you can move them) I sorta agree...it is different...hmmm could take out fvwm2 sources...strip em down totally... take out all the code for most functions... get rid of all window decorations... no titlebar...no fram... just a window manager with 1 function..it lets you move windows h -Steve Just think of all those pixles you'll save (especially when I can only do 800X600). Mark -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: Install Hamm on Cyrix CPU PC
Alex Kwan wrote: Now I am ready to install the hamm to a Cyrix-GX200 MMX CPU PC, and I have seen the document Installing Debian Linux 2.0 on the /disk-i386/current/install.html (chapter 4.12) saying Many users of Cyrix CPUs have had to disable the cache in their systems during installation. does it mean disable the cache on the mainboard by BIOS settings? No you don't have to do this on the newer Cyrix CPU's. I believe it was a problem when the processor switched from real to protected mode and its internal wasn't properly flushed. Don't worry though I think they have been shipping processors for 1-2 yrs without this problem. Just try it without doing this first it will probably work. Mark Panzer Thank You -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: Linux run from Cyrix-GX200MMX CPU PC
Alex Kwan wrote: Does the Linux can run on a Cyrix-GX200MMX CPU PC? Yes it does, in fact that's what I'm using right now :-) You also might want to get the set 6x86 program which allows a slight speed-up and greatly reduces the temp. of your processor. (I can say that on my system the processor temp. goes down 10 degrees F when running Linux over win 95) Mark Panzer Does anybody have installed Debian or others Linux on this PC? Thank You! -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: Repeated messages?
Evan Van Dyke wrote: Is it just me, or am I getting messages from two or three days ago again? --Evan, who swears he's seed the dir *.ext /s msg before... ---And the Gateway message... and others... Yes I believe your right I keep seeing some of the same messages, also the new ones which I sent are just finally getting on the list (sent them 6hrs ago). Maybe someone (sys admin) has a little work to do? Mark Panzer -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: XF86Setup
Geoff Brimhall wrote: the problem is a reported bug. The actual problem is that /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/compiled is a soft link which is set incorrectly. The soft link is set to /var/../xkb/, when it should be set to /var/.../xkb/compiled. What would the proper soft link command be? Would it be: ln -s /var/lib/xkb/compiled/README /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/compiled Sorry I'm kinda new to the soft/hard link thing (I have the basic idea, it makes two names for one file and hardlinks cannot span separate file systems). Mark Panzer -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: debian-user@lists.debian.org debian-user@lists.debian.org Date: Tuesday, July 07, 1998 3:13 PM Subject: Re: XF86Setup Check /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/compiled/compiled for the README file. If it's there, you can just copy it /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/compiled. I believe this was reported as an error. On Tue, Jul 07, 1998 at 04:38:47PM -0500, Mark Panzer wrote: Debian users, When I originally configured X11 I decided to only allow 640 x 480 resolution for my monitor (an old 14) but I now found out that it can do 800 x 600 and I tired to run XF86Setup but it keeps giving me the error: Not all of the X keyboard extension programs and configuration files are installed. The file /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/compiled/README is missing. I find it kinda weird that it all of a sudden is missing a readme file (I've run XF86Setup more than once before and never had any problems). Thanks in advance. -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: VideoCard
Rick Smith wrote: Hi I was wondering if the Diamond 3D2000 was supported under Linux? Yes it is, I use the standard XF86SVGA driver (S3 works too I think). Mark Panzer Thanks alot Rick -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
repost: RE:XF86Setup
Sorry for the repost but none of my e-mail went out last night!!! Geoff Brimhall wrote: the problem is a reported bug. The actual problem is that /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/compiled is a soft link which is set incorrectly. The soft link is set to /var/../xkb/, when it should be set to /var/.../xkb/compiled. What would the proper soft link command be? Would it be: ln -s /var/lib/xkb/compiled/README /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/compiled Sorry I'm kinda new to the soft/hard link thing (I have the basic idea, it makes two names for one file and hardlinks cannot span separate file systems). Mark Panzer -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
How to fix the XF86Setup bug
Just wondering how can I fix this softlink which is goofed up so that I can run XF86Setup again (so I can try 800x600). I was also wondering the correct way to change resolutions, do you have to specify that on the command-line with startx? Thanks, Mark Panzer -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
How to fix the XF86Setup bug
Just wondering how can I fix this softlink which is goofed up so that I can run XF86Setup again (so I can try 800x600). I was also wondering the correct way to change resolutions, do you have to specify that on the command-line with startx? Thanks, Mark Panzer---BeginMessage--- Just wondering how can I fix this softlink which is goofed up so that I can run XF86Setup again (so I can try 800x600). I was also wondering the correct way to change resolutions, do you have to specify that on the command-line with startx? Thanks, Mark Panzer ---End Message---
Re: I CAN'T BELIEVE THIS!
Mike Merten wrote: On Mon, Jul 06, 1998 at 09:51:52PM +0200, Shiraz Sayani wrote: I seem to have been receiving some spam which started after I asked a question on this list (note the new mung). Has anyone else had the same? Am I being paranoid, or is it possible some spammer is mining the archives of these lists? As a matter of fact, I too have received a few... one from some jerk on AOL advertising 'beanie-baby grab-bags' and one from... heck, can't remember which major news net, ZDNET maybe? (didn't save it) :(... exclaiming all the 'neato' features of Windoze 98 ;/ Mike I also had the exact same spam mail (beanie bags and all) there should be a debian policy against using e-mail archives for spam-mail purposes. It really does get annoying recieving such mail. Mark Panzer -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
XF86Setup
Debian users, When I originally configured X11 I decided to only allow 640 x 480 resolution for my monitor (an old 14) but I now found out that it can do 800 x 600 and I tired to run XF86Setup but it keeps giving me the error: Not all of the X keyboard extension programs and configuration files are installed. The file /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/compiled/README is missing. I find it kinda weird that it all of a sudden is missing a readme file (I've run XF86Setup more than once before and never had any problems). Thanks in advance. Mark Panzer -- Unsubscribe? mail -s unsubscribe [EMAIL PROTECTED] /dev/null
Re: memory usage and Netscape
Rick Macdonald wrote: Mark Panzer wrote: www.netbuyer.com I noticed the memory usage jump by about 5Meg when navigator was started and after just staring at the page for 5 min I noticed the memory usage was once again starting to increase. Thanks for helping me out here. OK, I see the exact same results. I have 256MB of swap (disk is cheap), so I would never have noticed. Besides, I hate the constant rattling of my hard drive when I leave such pages showing (I think the animated gifs do this) so I always back out of them when I hear the disk activity. I hit BACK, then FORWARD again, and see that it doesn't start climbing right away. Maybe after awhile it would. Note: I'll be out of town for about 4 days for a family event, thanks once again for your help. Are there any known bugs in netscape (V4.05) for Linux? If so where could I find the list. Geeze I'm starting to think I should write some code for my own web-browser. Mark Panzer -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: memory usage and Netscape
Rick Macdonald wrote: Mark Panzer wrote: While running netscape ver 4.05 I commonly run out of memory after two hours. You mentioned Java applets. What if you fire up Netscape, and don't look at any web pages other than whatever your startup home page is, and just leave it for an hour. Does it grow and die? Maybe it's the pages you always visit. Java, animated gifs, etc. Yup if I have 4 Netscape windows open and I just let them open up the Debian homepage and don't go to any other sites there is no problem. Then they only use up about 13Meg of Ram and don't even use any swap. But what good is being able to open up 50 netscape windows if all I can do is view the initial Debian homepage? It would be nice to be able to use this 'tool'. I do believe that when java is loaded my memory usage jumps enormously. After java has been running for a while it seems that its garbage collection feature which frees up memory doesn't work because it starts to gobble up memory at the rate of 10Kbytes per SECOND!!! I also had another weird occurance when I booted up my machine today (after properly shutting it down using shutdown -h now) I recieved the message ***FILE SYSTEM CHANGED*** and then it listed all the inodes which had been changed and then for those that I saw it said FIXED after them. Why should my file system become corrupted??? Mark Panzer -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: memory usage and Netscape
Rick Macdonald, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Fri, 26 Jun 1998, Mark Panzer wrote: Rick Macdonald wrote: You mentioned Java applets. What if you fire up Netscape, and don't look at any web pages other than whatever your startup home page is, and just leave it for an hour. Does it grow and die? Maybe it's the pages you always visit. Java, animated gifs, etc. if I have 4 Netscape windows open and I just let them open up the Debian homepage and don't go to any other sites there is no problem. Then they only use up about 13Meg of Ram and don't even use any swap. I do believe that when java is loaded my memory usage jumps enormously. After java has been running for a while it seems that its garbage collection feature which frees up memory doesn't work because it starts to gobble up memory at the rate of 10Kbytes per SECOND!!! OK, you seemed to have arrived at the conclusion that Java is at fault. How about you find one Java page that will do this. Fire up a fresh Netscape, open one browser window, go to that one page, and let it sit there untouched and prove that it is gobbling memory. Then, tell us what that page is. Then, a whole bunch of us can try it out. I can try it on other platforms too, for curiosity (IRIX, Solaris). Although nobody seems to have seen this problem, I bet nobody doubts that a page with Java applets could do this. Java in Linux Netscape has been getting better, but still does weird things. I just started doing this here is the URL that I went to: www.netbuyer.com I noticed the memory usage jump by about 5Meg when navigator was started and after just staring at the page for 5 min I noticed the memory usage was once again starting to increase. Thanks for helping me out here. Mark Panzer -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Partitioning/Dual Booting
M. Phillips wrote: I'm a newby to the whole Linux/GNU/Debian system, being a long-time MS devotee, and although I am very close to being sold on getting it, I have a couple of questions to clear up first. 1: In the FAQ, section 3.4 http://www.us.debian.org/doc/FAQ/debian-faq-3.html#ss3.4 states that one should partition a 1.6 GB hard disk with the following partitions: *30 MBytes for the root directory (/) *450 MBytes for /usr *50 MBytes for swap space *1000 MBytes for home directories (some of this could be used for /usr/local/) *0 MBytes for /tmp; make /tmp a symbolic link to /var/tmp *40 MBytes for /var Pardon my ignorance, or mayhaps it's the ambiguity of the whole section, but does this mean I need five separate partitions on the single disk, or (more likely, methinks) does it mean that the single partition consists of 1570 MBytes? Any clarification would be most appreciated. Yes this example show that you need 5 separate partitions. I just did this to my computer recently. Here is how I have it set-up: paritionLinux Name Mount Point (where it is in the directory map) 1 hda1none Win 95 2 hda2Linux root (/) 3 hda3Linux /usr (where most of your applications hide) 4 hda4Linux swap Just use your handy cfdisk program included with you Debian distribution (after backing up ALL the data you wish to keep) and make your partitions. Otherwise you could use Partition Magic to shrink the size of your Windows or DOS partition and create your linux partitions from the free space. Also, seeing as how I _am_ new to the idea, I would very much like to perform a dual boot between Win95/MS-DOS, and Debian/GNU Linux operating systems. Seems like somewhere in the dark recesses of the PC World archives there's a miniscule article about dual-booting between 2 or more OSes, but I've since lost/given away the issue, and I'd like to hear it from a user more experienced than myself in the area. To use the quick way out at www.linux.org in the HOWTO documents there is one on dual booting between Linux and Win95/DOS/OS2 etc... Linux uses the LILO loader to load up your operating system, but you can also use it to load Windows or DOS. If you need more help just ask I can send you my lilo.conf the file which tells LILO how to boot up Win95 in my system. Mark Panzer [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: memory usage and Netscape
Ed Cogburn wrote: Mark Panzer wrote: Ed Cogburn wrote: Nelson Posse Lago wrote: On Tue, 23 Jun 1998, Mark Panzer wrote: While running netscape ver 4.05 I commonly run out of memory after two hours. I have 32Mbytes of RAM and a 50Mbyte swap. Netscape for linux leaks memory like hell; you may want to install netscape using the debian installer package, it preloads (or used to, don't know if this is the case still) some libraries tha alleviate (but don't solve) the problem. There's not much more you can do about it. I *think* what really kills memory fast are animated gifs, since it actually reloads the gif indefinetely, so ESC should help also. See ya, Nelson [EMAIL PROTECTED] That's Internet! The future? I've seen the future: It's a 46 years old virgin singing 'I am a hotdog' - From Demolition Man How can this be? If NS ran out of memory after two hours of use it would affect everybody. Yet this is the first post concerning the problem, and in all the time I've used NS on linux its only happened once (I was doing a lot of stuff in the background at the time). It may be related to the version (professional/standalone) or maybe something else thats running at the same time. The thing is the only way I seem to have enough free memory to run Netscape is to be the only person log-in an account and the only programs running are shown in myproc.txt which is attached. Right now I have 12MBytes of RAM free and am not using the swap but wait maybe 20 min. even if I don't do anything and it'll already be using about 20Meg of my swap. That seems weird because I have my memory cache down to 100Kbytes and disk cache to 1Meg. Mark Panzer That does sound weird. I have 32M ram + 70M swap, running 2.0.34 kernel, using glibc version of NS v4.05 professional. After logging in to X, I then logged in to 2 other consoles and ran dselect and mc in them. Its hard to tell what's going on by the output of top, but at the beginning of this session, top showed all mem in use but no swap. After about an hour and a half, including mail and browser activity, it has released ~1M of RAM but is using ~8M of swap. As soon as I end the apps in the consoles I get ~5M of ram back (free), for a max change of 2 to 8 meg of used memory. That isn't much of a change, and seems reasonable given what I was doing. I have certainly never seen the kind of effects you are seeing (like using 20M of I'm about ready to use a big profanity because I had a really nice message worked up to reply but then netscape mail used up all my memory and quit blowing away about 25 min of typing a message. Anyway attached are the results from ps and free at about 5 min before it wiped out all my communicator apps I had open (dumping all the text I had typed ). Someone asked if I had used the debian package to install it, yes I did. Maybe this problem could be attributed to my kernel? Maybe it doesn't do memory management correctly? I also noticed that right after I went to a page which used java and the java vm started that my memory (now swap) usage went up by 5 meg! Is there someone else that may know more about this? It is starting to get really annoying when I have to have a xterm open all the time and every 5 min check the amount of free space to see if I have to close netscape and open it again to stop this memory growth problem. Is there anything that you know of that I can try (there's seems to be some weird bug here). Maybe when netscape gets compiled for libc6 I won't have to load the old v5 libs and it'll save memory??? Mark Panzer [EMAIL PROTECTED] total used free sharedbuffers cached Mem: 30260 29816444 9212116 7440 -/+ buffers/cache: 22260 8000 Swap:48188 20484 27704 PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 157 1 S0:00 (bash) 163 1 S0:00 (xinit) 171 1 S0:02 /usr/X11R6/bin/fvwm2 181 1 S0:00 /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fvwm2/FvwmPager 8 5 /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fv 183 p0 S0:00 -bash 193 1 S2:59 /usr/lib/netscape/netscape mailbox: 205 1 S0:00 (netscape) 363 p0 R0:00 ps
Re: memory usage and Netscape
Ed Cogburn wrote: Nelson Posse Lago wrote: On Tue, 23 Jun 1998, Mark Panzer wrote: While running netscape ver 4.05 I commonly run out of memory after two hours. I have 32Mbytes of RAM and a 50Mbyte swap. Netscape for linux leaks memory like hell; you may want to install netscape using the debian installer package, it preloads (or used to, don't know if this is the case still) some libraries tha alleviate (but don't solve) the problem. There's not much more you can do about it. I *think* what really kills memory fast are animated gifs, since it actually reloads the gif indefinetely, so ESC should help also. See ya, Nelson [EMAIL PROTECTED] That's Internet! The future? I've seen the future: It's a 46 years old virgin singing 'I am a hotdog' - From Demolition Man How can this be? If NS ran out of memory after two hours of use it would affect everybody. Yet this is the first post concerning the problem, and in all the time I've used NS on linux its only happened once (I was doing a lot of stuff in the background at the time). It may be related to the version (professional/standalone) or maybe something else thats running at the same time. The thing is the only way I seem to have enough free memory to run Netscape is to be the only person log-in an account and the only programs running are shown in myproc.txt which is attached. Right now I have 12MBytes of RAM free and am not using the swap but wait maybe 20 min. even if I don't do anything and it'll already be using about 20Meg of my swap. That seems weird because I have my memory cache down to 100Kbytes and disk cache to 1Meg. Mark Panzer PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 157 1 S0:00 -bash 163 1 S0:00 xinit /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xinit/xinitrc -- -auth /home/mark/. 171 1 S0:00 /usr/X11R6/bin/fvwm2 181 1 S0:00 /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fvwm2/FvwmPager 8 5 /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fv 183 p0 S0:00 -bash 184 1 S0:13 /usr/lib/netscape/netscape mailbox: 196 1 S0:00 (dns helper) 217 p0 R0:00 ps
memory usage and Netscape
Dear debian users, While running netscape ver 4.05 I commonly run out of memory after two hours. I have 32Mbytes of RAM and a 50Mbyte swap. I just have two windows of Netscape open at a time and normally one. If I type free in an xterm I see my free memory and swap getting eaten up without even visiting any sites just leaving netscape open. Then, of course, when swap runs out it closes (kills) netscape. Do I have something set-up incorrectly or is this just the way it works (how come netscape in Win95 doesn't have this problem?) Mark Panzer -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
a few more questions
Could you help me with the following: 1. how can I, using Linux and X11 read e-mail from other people who send it to me via my ISP (uses POP) 2. What is a good soundcard which is $40-$50 that works well in Linux and Win95? 3. Does Netscape 4 install correctly under Hamm? I would like to try to install the .deb file containing this program but I know that it is an installer, and when I had BO it complained about not being in some temp dir. What if any, is the special config for this? Thanks Mark Panzer -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
problems with X11 in hamm
Dear Debian users, I got my ppp link to my ISP up and working today thanks to the help of Roberto Ruiz and some other helpful people on the user list. I finally (ugh) downloaded the packages which I wanted (with my 14.4Kbps modem)and installed them (my ISP kicks me off after 6 hrs. so it took two tries). I downloaded the files for X Window, installed them, and it automatically ran the text baised set-up program, I tried using it, but it didn't work. I then remembered XF86Setup was a graphical set-up utility and it worked. When it automatically tried the server it worked. It then automatically quit after saving the files and I typed startx and recieved: x: exec of /usr/bin/X11/XF86_NONE failed _X11TransSocketUNIXConnect: Can't connect: errno = 2 _X11TransSocketUNIXConnect: Can't connect: errno = 2 _X11TransSocketUNIXConnect: Can't connect: errno = 2 _X11TransSocketUNIXConnect: Can't connect: errno = 2 _X11TransSocketUNIXConnect: Can't connect: errno = 2 _X11TransSocketUNIXConnect: Can't connect: errno = 2 giving up what happened? It ran fine when it did the initial test. Thanks in advance for any help you can give me. Mark Panzer -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
