Re: Intentional Radiator or not?

2002-09-30 Thread Ken Javor

I agree with Mr. Pettit and I would further state that I do not consider 
baseband video to be an antenna-transmittable rf signal.  The spectrum
required for video is too broad to be transmitted until it is up-converted.

--
From: Pettit, Ghery ghery.pet...@intel.com
To: 'Gary McInturff' gary.mcintu...@worldwidepackets.com, EMC-PSTC
(E-mail) emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject: RE: Intentional Radiator or not?
Date: Mon, Sep 30, 2002, 11:21 AM



 Gary,

 Is it necessary for this device to radiate a signal in order to function?
From your description, I think not.  Therefore, I would think that this is
 not an intentional radiator.  But then, I'm not an FCC official, nor do I
 play one on TV...

 Ghery Pettit


 -Original Message-
 From: Gary McInturff [mailto:gary.mcintu...@worldwidepackets.com]
 Sent: Friday, September 27, 2002 8:36 AM
 To: EMC-PSTC (E-mail)
 Subject: Intentional Radiator or not?



  I have a black box device that takes in an RF video feed via a coax
 cable and then translates that to light energy for transmission. Its
 bi-direction, meaning that, I can also pump light into it and get the RF
 signal back for distribution down the coax cable.
  My opinion, for the moment is that it is not an intentional
 radiator, simple a cable connected device that happens to have RF signals
 present to perform is function of data transmission.
  Any disagreements, and why?
  Thanks for your thoughts
  Gary

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RE: limits of electrical modelling

2002-09-30 Thread Chris Maxwell

Muriel

Colin Brench's reply gives you the main jist.  I have a couple things to add.  

1.  Make sure that you account for the fact that propagation along the 
circuitboard is usually slower than free space.  This shortens the wavelength; 
which effectively lowers the frequency where your transmission line becomes 
longer than 1/10th wavelength.  If you already thought of this, please excuse 
me for repeating the obvious.  

2.  A website for UltraCAD (a PCB design house in Washington) has some free 
calculator programs for figuring characteristic impedance of different PCB 
transmission lines.


Chris Maxwell | Design Engineer - Optical Division
email chris.maxw...@nettest.com | dir +1 315 266 5128 | fax +1 315 797 8024

NetTest | 6 Rhoads Drive, Utica, NY 13502 | USA
web www.nettest.com | tel +1 315 797 4449 | 




 -Original Message-
 From: Brench, Colin [SMTP:colin.bre...@hp.com]
 Sent: Monday, September 30, 2002 3:33 PM
 To:   Muriel Bittencourt de Liz; EMC-PSTC List
 Subject:  RE: limits of electrical modelling
 
 
 Hi Muriel,
 
 You may need to use full 3D modeling to get evaluate stray L C and even
 R but unless the object that you are examining is electrically large
 (say .1 wavelength or more) you should not need a full wave tool for a
 SMPS.
 
 Lumped elements can be used even at very high frequencies providing you
 have enough elements to fully describe the structure.  Most EMC analysis
 falls down due to coupling mechanisms being omitted from the model, not
 because the techniques itself is inadequate.
 
   So there is hope!
 
   Colin..
 
 

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Re: limits of electrical modelling

2002-09-30 Thread Don_Borowski



It depends on the modeling you want to do.

If you are looking to simulate the circuit behavour of the power supply, you can
continue to use lumped models of the components, with lumped models of the
printed circuit board traces (inductance and resistance, plus capacitance if you
are dealing with high impedances or coupling issues). If the round trip time for
a signal on a trace begins to approach the edge transistion time, then
transmission line models are appropriate. All this will work to very high
frequencies, certainly anything you will encounter in a power supply.

When it comes to EMC, the model will be a whole system of antennas, mostly
radiating loops defined by the major current paths. Additional lumped elements
for the magnetics will be needed to complete the model.

Don Borowski
Schweitzer Engineering Labs
Pullman, WA





Muriel Bittencourt de Liz mur...@eel.ufsc.br on 09/30/2002 10:57:11 AM

Please respond to Muriel Bittencourt de Liz mur...@eel.ufsc.br

To:   EMC-PSTC List emc-p...@ieee.org
cc:(bcc: Don Borowski/SEL)
Subject:  limits of electrical modelling




Hi,

As switched frequencies are increasing every day (clock frequencies,
switching frequencies of SMPS's), and together its dv/dt and di/dt, big EMC
problems are arising in the horizon...

So, thinking about that, I had some doubts, that I'd like to share with you
and, if possible, share some answers:

- As simple lumped circuit representations are no longer valid for
representing electrical behavior with high frequency operation, is there a
frequency to which I can assure that lumped circuit theory works fine?

- Are distributed full wave analysis tools the only way to surpass these
deficiencies of lumped circuit theory??

- Can I, only using stray resistances, capacitances and inductances, model a
circuit until it's simulated behavior achieve a good aproximation with
measured data?

Thanks in advance and Best Regards!!

Muriel Bittencourt de Liz



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RE: limits of electrical modelling

2002-09-30 Thread Brench, Colin

Hi Muriel,

You may need to use full 3D modeling to get evaluate stray L C and even
R but unless the object that you are examining is electrically large
(say .1 wavelength or more) you should not need a full wave tool for a
SMPS.

Lumped elements can be used even at very high frequencies providing you
have enough elements to fully describe the structure.  Most EMC analysis
falls down due to coupling mechanisms being omitted from the model, not
because the techniques itself is inadequate.

So there is hope!

Colin..

-Original Message-
From: Muriel Bittencourt de Liz [mailto:mur...@eel.ufsc.br] 
Sent: Monday, September 30, 2002 1:57 PM
To: EMC-PSTC List
Subject: limits of electrical modelling



Hi,

As switched frequencies are increasing every day (clock frequencies,
switching frequencies of SMPS's), and together its dv/dt and di/dt, big
EMC problems are arising in the horizon...

So, thinking about that, I had some doubts, that I'd like to share with
you and, if possible, share some answers:

- As simple lumped circuit representations are no longer valid for
representing electrical behavior with high frequency operation, is there
a frequency to which I can assure that lumped circuit theory works fine?

- Are distributed full wave analysis tools the only way to surpass these
deficiencies of lumped circuit theory??

- Can I, only using stray resistances, capacitances and inductances,
model a circuit until it's simulated behavior achieve a good
aproximation with measured data?

Thanks in advance and Best Regards!!

Muriel Bittencourt de Liz



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Re: DOC - Paper Reduction

2002-09-30 Thread Hellflower


I had rare occasions where a product would not pass certain immunity 
requirements for CE Mark (often a difficult ESD problem) but did meet the 
emission requirements of ICES/FCC or North America.  If a product was delayed 
by such problems the release could go forward (via flags and message fields I 
could set in the corporate database) that would forbid sales to EU customers.

Later, when the immunity problem was fixed and implemented, the order-entry 
non-CE flag was cleared and the DoC was placed onto the corporate web site, 
but not packaged with the product as it was until about a year ago.  For a 
product catalog of 500 items the old paper DoC method was costly to support 
and revise as the ENs change and multiply.

At least this was true up until March 2002 when I ended my employment.

Best Regards,
Eric Lifsey

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Re: China Switch Approval

2002-09-30 Thread Leslie Bai

John,
Recently, one of our happy clients became the first US manufacturer (networking 
unit) who successfully went through CCC audit and obtained CCC within 3 weeks 
(in fact 12 working days) including product testing and factory inspection with 
the assistance from Siemic Labs - (Application was made on 9/5, Testing started 
on 9/9, Factory inspected on 9/16, and CCC approved on 9/20). Reference is 
available upon request.
For more information about China approvals (CCC, NAL/NAI, MPS), visit us at: 
http://www.siemic.com
We were also contracted by another Network Switching manufacturer for China MII 
approval early this year and thought my direct experience would be helpful. Pls 
feel free to contact me off-line for a detail discussion. 

As part of services, we also help to arrange direct dialogue with government 
officers (MII, CNCA, MPS) for our clients whenever necessary for the most 
cost-effective approach to get China approvals at the earliest opportunity.

Regards,

Leslie

 

 

 John Smith wrote:
I am new to the group. 

I am consulting with a company that is making a CO
switch. They are planning to market the product in
China. As I understand the process, I have to get MII
and CNCA approvals. Is there anything else that I need
to do for China?

About how long does it take to get these approvals?

Thank You,
J. Smith


=
Best Regards,
John Smith
Regulatory Consulting

__
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New DSL Internet Access from SBC  Yahoo!

limits of electrical modelling

2002-09-30 Thread Muriel Bittencourt de Liz

Hi,

As switched frequencies are increasing every day (clock frequencies,
switching frequencies of SMPS's), and together its dv/dt and di/dt, big EMC
problems are arising in the horizon...

So, thinking about that, I had some doubts, that I'd like to share with you
and, if possible, share some answers:

- As simple lumped circuit representations are no longer valid for
representing electrical behavior with high frequency operation, is there a
frequency to which I can assure that lumped circuit theory works fine?

- Are distributed full wave analysis tools the only way to surpass these
deficiencies of lumped circuit theory??

- Can I, only using stray resistances, capacitances and inductances, model a
circuit until it's simulated behavior achieve a good aproximation with
measured data?

Thanks in advance and Best Regards!!

Muriel Bittencourt de Liz



---
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RE: China Switch Approval

2002-09-30 Thread Jim Seippel

John, 

Welcome to the list server. 

The answer, like most answers to regulatory questions is It depends.
You are mostly correct. You definitely need MII approval. For CNCA, it
depends on the technical description of the equipment. 

For MII approvals, it should take between 3 and 6 months depending on
the complexity of the equipment. The last approvals that we participated
in took about 3.5 months. 

If you need any more information, you can feel free to contact me
off-line. 

If you would like more information about China approvals, CNCA is
sending several of their senior officials to put on two workshops on
China approvals. One workshop is in Santa Clara on October 11 and the
other is in Washington DC on October 15. 

Here are the links to the registration information
http://www.esimcom.com/santaclara/cnca_inv.htm
http://www.esimcom.com/dc/cnca_inv_dc.htm

Best regards,
Jim Seippel
Director, Engineering Development and Technical Support
SIMCOM International Holdings Company



-Original Message-
From: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
[mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org] On Behalf Of John Smith
Sent: September 30, 2002 10:28 AM
To: PSTC
Subject: China Switch Approval


I am new to the group. 

I am consulting with a company that is making a CO
switch. They are planning to market the product in
China. As I understand the process, I have to get MII
and CNCA approvals. Is there anything else that I need
to do for China?

About how long does it take to get these approvals?

Thank You,
J. Smith


=
Best Regards,
John Smith
Regulatory Consulting




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RE: Intentional Radiator or not?

2002-09-30 Thread Pettit, Ghery

Gary,

Is it necessary for this device to radiate a signal in order to function?
From your description, I think not.  Therefore, I would think that this is
not an intentional radiator.  But then, I'm not an FCC official, nor do I
play one on TV...

Ghery Pettit


-Original Message-
From: Gary McInturff [mailto:gary.mcintu...@worldwidepackets.com]
Sent: Friday, September 27, 2002 8:36 AM
To: EMC-PSTC (E-mail)
Subject: Intentional Radiator or not?



I have a black box device that takes in an RF video feed via a coax
cable and then translates that to light energy for transmission. Its
bi-direction, meaning that, I can also pump light into it and get the RF
signal back for distribution down the coax cable.
My opinion, for the moment is that it is not an intentional
radiator, simple a cable connected device that happens to have RF signals
present to perform is function of data transmission.
Any disagreements, and why?
Thanks for your thoughts
Gary

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Re: China Switch Approval

2002-09-30 Thread Fred Borda


Hi John,

A lot will depend on specifics of the equipment.

The MII Network Access License for switching equipment could take as long 
as 6 months, depending on testing MII requires. The process will also 
include review of the equipment by an expert panel convened by MII and 
possibly network trial testing. You'll need to have someone on the ground 
in China to support the process.


As for the CCC mark administered by CNCA, switching equipment should not 
require it. Again, depends on products specifics, though.


If you'd like to go over product specifics to narrow down the requirements, 
by all means contact me any time off-list.


Hope this helps.

-Fred Borda
Compliance International
www.typeapproval.com


At AM 08:27 09/30/02 -0700, John Smith wrote:


I am new to the group.

I am consulting with a company that is making a CO
switch. They are planning to market the product in
China. As I understand the process, I have to get MII
and CNCA approvals. Is there anything else that I need
to do for China?

About how long does it take to get these approvals?

Thank You,
J. Smith


=
Best Regards,
John Smith
Regulatory Consulting

__
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Fred Borda
Director
Marketing  Business Development
Compliance International
www.typeapproval.com
--
The experts in telecommunications equipment type approval
across the Asia-Pacific region
--
4713 First Street, Suite 280
Pleasanton, California 94566-7362 USA
Tel  +1.925.417.5571 (direct)
Fax  +1.925.417.5574
Mobile  +1.650.740.5762
fbo...@typeapproval.com



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Re: DOC - Paper Reduction

2002-09-30 Thread John Woodgate

I read in !emc-pstc that Chris Maxwell chris.maxw...@nettest.com wrote
(in 83d652574e7af740873674f9fc12dbaaf7e...@utexh1w2.gnnettest.com)
about 'DOC - Paper Reduction' on Mon, 30 Sep 2002:

Well, I wanted to add my 2 cents worth; but as usual, I tossed in a quarter.  
I 
hope this helps.

It's all very sensible, except that I don't see why you were the
roadblock. While you would have to wait for tests results etc. to
release the product, you know you can't market it without the DOC, so
why not complete the version for printing in the manual on that
understanding?
-- 
Regards, John Woodgate, OOO - Own Opinions Only. http://www.jmwa.demon.co.uk 
Interested in professional sound reinforcement and distribution? Then go to 
http://www.isce.org.uk
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China Switch Approval

2002-09-30 Thread John Smith

I am new to the group. 

I am consulting with a company that is making a CO
switch. They are planning to market the product in
China. As I understand the process, I have to get MII
and CNCA approvals. Is there anything else that I need
to do for China?

About how long does it take to get these approvals?

Thank You,
J. Smith


=
Best Regards,
John Smith
Regulatory Consulting

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RE: RADIATED IMMUNITY TESTING ABOVE 1GHz

2002-09-30 Thread david.graham


I think the original generic EN 50082-2 had a requirement for pulsed
immunity testing to ENV 50204. Someone with more knowledge correct me if I'm
wrong, but I seem to remember something about this being a knee-jerk
reaction to GSM. Subsequently the usual 80%AM of 61000-4-3 was
found/believed to be more invasive.

Dave Graham.


-Original Message-
From: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
[mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org]On Behalf Of Chris Chileshe
Sent: 30 September 2002 08:59
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: RE: RADIATED IMMUNITY TESTING ABOVE 1GHz



Ian wrote ..

   I believe the generic standard EN61000-6-2 refers to
   testing using pulsed modulation at 900MHz only.

to which John replies ..

 I can't find any mention of that in EN 61000-6-2.

Agreed. I test to EN 61000-6-2 and I have never come across this
requirement. I have just been re-reading BS EN 61000:6-2:1999 and
I still can't find this requirement. Was this an error on the part of
the originator in which case I can rest assured my test results and
DoCs are valid?

Regards

- Chris




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AS/NZS 60950:2000

2002-09-30 Thread Kazimier_Gawrzyjal

Greetings folks,

Can anyone advise on what the date of withdrawal for AS/NZS 3260 is and what
the effective implementation dates for AS/NZS60950:2000 are?  Wondering if
it's harmonized with EN60950:2000 or if the dates and conditions contain any
written differences as would be the case of UL/CSA 60950, third edition?

Thanks In Advance,
Regards,
Kaz Gawrzyjal
Dell Computer Corp.


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Re: RADIATED IMMUNITY TESTING ABOVE 1GHz

2002-09-30 Thread John Barnes

Chris,
It sounds like you are referring to ENV 50204:1995, which simulates a
digital radio telephone transmitting close to the equipment under test
(EUT).  This test is performed at a single frequency between 895MHz and
905MHz, keyed on and off at 200Hz with a 50% duty cycle.

The only standards that I have seen that call for ENV 50204 are:
*  EN 50082-1:1997, for generic residential/commercial/light industrial 
   apparatus, calls for ENV 50204 to be performed at 3V/m under the 
   enclosure port tests in Table 1.
*  EN 50082-2:1995, for generic industrial apparatus, calls for ENV 
   50204 to be performed at 10V/m under the enclosure port tests in 
   Table 1.

EN 50082-1:1997 may be used until July 1, 2004, when EN 61000-6-1:2001
takes over as the generic immunity standard for residential/commercial/
light industrial apparatus.

EN 50082-2:1995 was replaced by EN 61000-6-2:1999 on April 1, 2002 as
the generic immunity standard for industrial apparatus.

John Barnes KS4GL
dBi Corporation
http://www.dbicorporation.com/

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Re: RADIATED IMMUNITY TESTING ABOVE 1GHz

2002-09-30 Thread John Woodgate

I read in !emc-pstc that Gordon,Ian ian.gor...@edwards.boc.com wrote
(in E1BA0362B28ED211A1E80008C71EA306018190CE@EXC_EAS01) about
'RADIATED IMMUNITY TESTING ABOVE 1GHz' on Mon, 30 Sep 2002:
My mistake - the old light industrial generic immunity standard EN50082-1
(and EN61000-6-1?) includes use of a keyed carrier at 900MHz 

No, IEC/EN 61000-6-1 doesn't include it either.

There was a BIG argument between experts over the test signal to be used
for assessing immunity to mobile phone emissions. CENELEC people
prematurely chose the keyed-carrier signal, but it presents
inconvenience in both generation and measurement. IEC experts (some from
Europe) showed that sinusoidal modulation is quite acceptable and does
not present those problems. See Annex A of IEC/EN61000-4-3:1995/7. 
-- 
Regards, John Woodgate, OOO - Own Opinions Only. http://www.jmwa.demon.co.uk 
Interested in professional sound reinforcement and distribution? Then go to 
http://www.isce.org.uk
PLEASE do NOT copy news posts to me by E-MAIL!

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RE: DOC - Paper Reduction

2002-09-30 Thread Chris Maxwell

I visited this question a few years ago.  At one time, we put a copy of the 
Declaration of Conformity (DOC) in the manual.

This was troublesome.  Whenever standards changed, we would have to make a new 
DOC...and a new manual.  It also caused trouble during product development 
because we couldn't finish the manual until we had the DOC.  Seeing as how the 
DOC is one of the last parts of the compliance process; I became a road-block 
to completion of the manuals.  Whenever an engineer becomes a road-block, it's 
not long before they are road-kill.  

We didn't want to pack a copy of the DOC with the products.  Given that it 
takes time to change Bills of Material and shipping instructions; packing DOCs 
with products carries the risk of providing the customer with either incorrect 
or out of date information.  It also becomes just another item for our shipping 
department to keep track of.  Given the fact that they aren't really 
enthusiastic about compliance...I'd rather let them work on other issues.   
Besides, isn't that what the compliance markings on the instruments or 
packaging are for anyway?

We finally settled on this solution.

1.  Compliant products carry the markings on either the product, packaging or 
documentation as recommended in the standards. (Usually on the product itself, 
unless it is very small.)

2.  Our product manuals have page in the front with a reproduction of 
compliance markings and an explanation.  For instance, take CE marking.  There 
is a reproduction of the CE logo.  Below it is a paragraph stating that 
Products bearing the CE mark meet the applicable standards of the EMC and Low 
Voltage Directives.  Declarations of Conformity and Compliance folders may be 
obtained from x   At  we put the contact information of our European 
representative.  Along with this compliance information, we put the warnings 
and other verbage recommended by the standards...you know, Replace fuse with 
same type and rating...don't use our products while taking a bath, do not use 
our product while carrying a long, sharp, metal pole in a thunderstorm,  do not 
drop our product out of a third story window onto your head...blah, blah, 
blah...yada, yada, yada

3.  Along with the above, we have put all of our compliance documentation on 
our server in Word, Acrobat or BitMap formats (at least for recent products).  
This satisfies the provision that the compliance documentation be available for 
inspection in a reasonable amout of time.  If there is any question, we email 
the DOC and any other requested support documentation.

Well, I wanted to add my 2 cents worth; but as usual, I tossed in a quarter.  I 
hope this helps.

Chris Maxwell | Design Engineer - Optical Division
email chris.maxw...@nettest.com | dir +1 315 266 5128 | fax +1 315 797 8024

NetTest | 6 Rhoads Drive, Utica, NY 13502 | USA
web www.nettest.com | tel +1 315 797 4449 | 







 -Original Message-
 From: Jim Bacher [SMTP:jim.bac...@paxar.com]
 Sent: Saturday, September 28, 2002 1:33 PM
 To:   emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
 Subject:  DOC - Paper Reduction
 
 
 We have a number of products that meet the same standards.  Currently we
 issue a DOC for each product.  As each of the DOCs are identical except for
 the model number, is there any reason why we could not list all the models
 on one DOC? Granted as standards change there will be times when new
 products will meet new standards and we will need a new DOC for the newer
 products, as they would be tested to different standards than the older
 products.
 
 Jim
 
 Jim Bacher,  Senior Engineer
 Paxar Corp.
 e-mail: jim.bac...@paxar.com
 
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RE: RADIATED IMMUNITY TESTING ABOVE 1GHz

2002-09-30 Thread Gordon,Ian

My mistake - the old light industrial generic immunity standard EN50082-1
(and EN61000-6-1?) includes use of a keyed carrier at 900MHz and by
mistake I had assumed that the newer industrial generic immunity standard
would also. This is not the case. 
However, it seems a little strange that the more severe industrial standard
does not include this test - mobile 'phones are equally prolific in
industrial locations as in non-industrial ones. I'm sure the test will come
eventually - so if you're a product designer perhaps you should ask for the
test to be performed on your product! 

Thanks  
Ian Gordon 

-Original Message- 
From: Chris Chileshe [mailto:chris.chile...@ultronics.com] 
Sent: 30 September 2002 08:59 
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org 
Subject: RE: RADIATED IMMUNITY TESTING ABOVE 1GHz 



Ian wrote .. 

  I believe the generic standard EN61000-6-2 refers to 
  testing using pulsed modulation at 900MHz only. 

to which John replies .. 

 I can't find any mention of that in EN 61000-6-2. 

Agreed. I test to EN 61000-6-2 and I have never come across this 
requirement. I have just been re-reading BS EN 61000:6-2:1999 and 
I still can't find this requirement. Was this an error on the part of 
the originator in which case I can rest assured my test results and 
DoCs are valid? 

Regards 

- Chris 



 
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RE: Harmonised standards and frequencies

2002-09-30 Thread richwoods

Unfortunately, parameters contained in harmonized specifications do not
indicate that the frequency band is harmonized. For that, you will have to
check out CEPT recommendations and decisions and then determine if the
target countries have adopted them. Sigh, one would wish for an easier
process.

Richard Woods
Sensormatic Electronics
Tyco International



  -Original Message-
 From: david.gra...@realcompliance.com
 [mailto:david.gra...@realcompliance.com] 
 Sent: Saturday, September 28, 2002 2:21 PM
 To:   EMC pstc
 Subject:  Harmonised standards and frequencies
 
 Hello group,
 A quick one for anyone familiar with the RTTE Directive.
 Product is a TETRA hand portable radio.
 Radio is capable of 'Direct mode' of operation (i.e. walkey talkey style,
 not under control of network).
 Direct mode is listed as 'Class 2', however, the harmonised standard (303
 035-2) lists frequencies of use.
 Question - Should the product bear the equipment class identifier and be
 notified as per Art 6.4?
 I know harmonised frequencies and harmonised standards are different
 beasts, but by citing the frequencies in the standard can one not infer
 that they are harmonised?
 
 Opinions gratefully received.
 
 Dave Graham.
 

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RE: RADIATED IMMUNITY TESTING ABOVE 1GHz

2002-09-30 Thread Chris Chileshe

Ian wrote ..

   I believe the generic standard EN61000-6-2 refers to 
   testing using pulsed modulation at 900MHz only. 

to which John replies ..

 I can't find any mention of that in EN 61000-6-2.

Agreed. I test to EN 61000-6-2 and I have never come across this 
requirement. I have just been re-reading BS EN 61000:6-2:1999 and
I still can't find this requirement. Was this an error on the part of
the originator in which case I can rest assured my test results and
DoCs are valid?

Regards

- Chris




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