[gentoo-user] why --noclear not set on tty1 in default /etc/inittab?
I don't get why any distro leaves this out, why anyone wouldn't like to automatically notice while booting any announcement that something failed, especially someone who has just gotten a new installation up for the first times. Why isn't --noclear set by default? Once I set this and rebooted I saw several things that needed fixing that I didn't have a clue about: 1-error loading /etc/.../hostname (I had copied it from openSUSE installation instead of following installation instruction, and without reading or saving the existing one) 2-depending on hostname working, syslog-ng fails to start 3-missing mount points As a consequence of my ineptitude (and prior to reading http://www.gentoo-wiki.info/FQDN) I did emerge -s hostname, found a package by that name, and chose to emerge it. 30 minutes later, it and 3 dep packages were still compiling, lots lots longer than a kernel compile. :-( -- "The wise are known for their understanding, and pleasant words are persuasive." Proverbs 16:21 (New Living Translation) Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks! Felix Miata *** http://fm.no-ip.com/
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> There was no installer other than the handbook. There was the former Gentoo installer project [1] but it was discontinued in 2009. The source is still available [2] [1] https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:Installer/Old [2] https://gitweb.gentoo.org/proj/gli.git/about/ J. Rutkowski
[gentoo-user] Re: [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
On 2015-08-07, James wrote: > gmail.com> writes: > > >> > If I'm monkeying around with my email config and I'm not sure if >> > everything is still okay, I usually use gmane [1,2]. > >> > [1] http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.linux.gentoo.user >> > [2] http://news.gmane.org/gmane.linux.gentoo.user > > Yep, gmane as a front-end to gentoo user is very cool and convenient. > You can post/read from any web-browser, once you are set up. Very > useful when you hose a gentoo box or just for regular use. You have to prune > responses you add more lines than your respond to. Also, some special > characters at the beginning of a line cause gmane parsing_constipation, > as do lines too long. I use gmane 100% of the time for all mailing lists. One note: gmane's internal search feature isn't great, but I've had pretty good luck by putting site:gmane.org into Google qeuries. -- Grant
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On Fri, 7 Aug 2015 14:51:24 + (UTC), James` wrote: > > That was it, I couldn't remember the name. > > > H (GRP option), > > Can anyone dig out a link to that install medium? I'm unable to find it. > I have lots of old i(3/4/5/6_86 gear I can revisit such old installs:: > and Sven has archived many old portage trees, if I can find that link. > It might just be fun to do one of those old installs and an old > installer. There was no installer other than the handbook. > My current (active) oldest install is vintage 2007/2008... I do not > upgrade it, I keep it around for nostalgic reasons That one was around 2005, maybe even 2004. > Curiously, is that the same installation semantic that Pentoo > currently uses with it's pentoo installer? [1] (ZeroChaos) No idea, not having installed Pentoo, but it was no different to a standard stage 3 install except you set PKGDIR to the DVD and emerged everything with the -b option. It was a fast way of getting a working system, albeit one using default choices for everything. -- Neil Bothwick WinErr 007: System price error - Inadequate money spent on hardware pgpIdC_aK2H3M.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] Installing BTRFS on MBR with OpenRC
On Fri, 7 Aug 2015 09:29:32 -0400, Rich Freeman wrote: > > Now you know why I boot directly from the ISO in /boot ;-) > That is obviously a convenience, but my main use case for a rescue CD > is when there is something messed up with my bootloader/disks/etc. > So, I'd prefer to have it on a USB stick that I verify boots and then > set aside for when it is needed. > No harm in ALSO having it in your bootloader as an option. I keep a stick around too, but the main advantage of having it in /boot is that it is much easier to find when I need it :-O -- Neil Bothwick Experience is directly proportional to the value of equipment destroyed. pgpgNAP3S4nEV.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
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On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 6:53 PM, Heiko Baums wrote: > > I don't need to be worried, that this will happen with Gentoo either > anytime soon? What? That we'll take a vote that some anti-systemd folks won't like? It has already happened - package maintainers aren't permitted to revert additions of systemd units, or openrc scripts, or whatever runit/upstart/etc uses to their packages. Developers threatened to quit over that one, but in the end everybody probably realized that distros would be chaos if every package maintainer could dictate what selection of other packages were available in the repository, and I doubt we lost anybody in the end. Gentoo is about choice. As long as people write openrc scripts and maintain openrc, you'll be able to use it. So, I don't know if that makes you more or less worried, but nothing has really changed in the last year on the systemd front. The next big change is likely to be virtualizing openrc so that it can be uninstalled, and possibly not including it in the stage3, but that hasn't really even been seriously discussed. (Virtualizing it seems almost certain to happen (IMHO) once the blockers are fixed, removing it may or may not happen, and probably isn't all that important, though I'd argue that people running chroots or containers might not want an init implementation inside.) -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
On Friday, August 07, 2015 9:44:50 PM meino.cra...@gmx.de wrote: > Mick [15-08-07 20:04]: > > On Friday 07 Aug 2015 04:27:15 Fernando Rodriguez wrote: > > > On Thursday, August 06, 2015 6:18:59 PM meino.cra...@gmx.de wrote: > > > > Hi, > > > > > > > > for my tablet PC I used a used 32GB FAT32 formatted SDcard. The > > > > formatting was already done by the manufacturer. > > > > Then I screwed it up and had to do the partioning and formatting > > > > myself again. "No big deal", I thought -- and was wrong. > > > > Yes, the "thing" I got could be read and written. But it was > > > > DAMN slow in comparison to the original formatting. > > > > > > > > I googled and found a description, which described exactly, > > > > what I wanted: An optimal formatting for one big FAT32 partion. > > > > I did it again ;) and: TADA! The speed was back. > > > > LINK:http://zero1-st.blogspot.de/2012/05/formatting-fat32-volumes-larger-> > > > > > than.html > > > > > > > > Now I need the something identical but explained in a way > > > > that it can be successfully applied to any partion layout > > > > and any SDcard size. > > > > Currently the new SDcard has 64GB (yes, the tablet eats that size > > > > well :) and needs at least two partions: One FAT32 and one ext4. > > > > May be that I need a different layout later. > > > > > > > > To what aspect and "logic" do I have to keep my eyes on, when > > > > it comes partioning/formatting any SDcard size with any partion > > > > layout and any filesystem? > > > > > > > > Thank you very much in advance for any help! > > > > Best regards, > > > > Meino > > > > > > I wrote a long reply to this and it appears to have been swallowed by > > > /dev/null. > > > > > > SD cards don't have 128K blocks. Except for the very early ones (standard > > > capacity), they are divided in allocation units (AU) that are 1MB to 4MB > > > for SDHC and even larger for SDXC. The only way to get that value is by > > > reading a register in the card (so you can't do it in usermode on linux). > > > > > > The AUs are divided into Recording Units (RUs). The size of these can be > > > deduced from the card speed class (that's the number inside the C on the > > > label), and the card capacity. For class 2 and 4 if the card is less than > > > 1GB it's 16KB, otherwise it's 32KB. For class 6 it is 64KB, and for class > > > 10 it's 512KB. > > > > > > After an AU is erased you can write to any of the free RUs in any order in > > > blocks of 512 bytes sequentially (the block size is configurable by the > > > driver but 512 is the most common). But if you write to a nonfree RU then > > > all non- free RU get copied to a new AU. So the performance hit depends on > > > how many non-free RUs are in the AU when this happens. > > > > > > So to get the best performance you need to align the first FAT cluster on > > > an AU boundary and that the RUs used by the reserved sectors after the FAT > > > are free. This is not so easy from usermode because you can't get the AU > > > size and you can't erase the AU to make sure reserved sectors are free. > > > The Windows 7 and later format utility will do it if you don't partition > > > the card. The next best thing is to align it to an RU which should be > > > pretty easy. > > > > > > You could guess the AU size by writting blocks of RU size from the start of > > > the card and timing it. Every time you hit the AU boundary there will be a > > > longer delay. > > > > > > For more details see the SD specification (chapter 4.13). > > > > > > https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/ > > > > > > They also have formatter tools for Windows and OSX. I tried the Windows > > > version years ago but had problems with it (can't remember what). > > > > Excellent information Fernando, thank you! > > > > So there is no tool for me to use to read the AU/RU on the chip? > > > > > Hi, > > sorry for being a little late...was too busy and my sdcard is still > not formatted... ;) > > Thank you very much for the help and all the informations. Currently I > start to understand the problems and solutions in formatting ONE > partition with a FAT32 filesystem on a sdcard the correct way, but > when it comes to more the one partition and filesystems for example > like ext4fs I still dont know how to... > > Just a few minutes before I found this: > http://www.bradfordembedded.com/2014/05/flashbenching/ > http://wiki.laptop.org/go/How_to_Damage_a_FLASH_Storage_Device > https://github.com/bradfa/flashbench > http://wiki.laptop.org/go/SDCard_Testing > https://lists.linaro.org/pipermail/flashbench-results/ > https://blogofterje.wordpress.com/2012/01/14/optimizing-fs-on-sd-card/ > > I am still in the process of reading and hopefully understanding > this... > > Best regards, > Meino For partitioning just account for the offset of the 1st partition when calculating the number of reserved sectors and make the FAT partition the first partition. If the MBR pushes the FAT beyond the numbe
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Am 08.08.2015 um 00:28 schrieb Rich Freeman: > Udev installs into such a path, and currently does not depend on > systemd (in fact, they block each other). They block each other because udev is part of systemd. So if you install systemd you already have udev and don't need the separate udev package. Regarding the separate udev package, at least regarding eudev I would consider this a bug, because those systemd directories are systemd specific and don't belong to the FHS. If Poettering wants to break Unix, Linux and POSIX standards, it's up to him. Packages that don't belong to Poettering's software are supposed to follow those standards and do it so far. But remember, udev is part of systemd and announced to break on non-systemd systems. So udev is not a valid example here. > Obviously you don't use udev, but in general as more stuff ends up in > systemd you'll probably find more important stuff with "systemd" in > the filename. Why would it? This again would be a reason for a bug report. Or do you consider every important stuff to be part of systemd? Do you really believe that there will be no other important stuff than systemd resp. that systemd will be the only init system or system managing system? Question again: That sounds exactly like those Poetterix fanboys, particularly when they forced systemd on every user of certain distros whether they wanted it or not. I don't need to be worried, that this will happen with Gentoo either anytime soon? > I'd suggest taking the time to understand what it is > before you decide that you don't want it (speaking generally, I'm not > suggesting that you didn't know what you're doing when you switched to > eudev). Heck, even gummiboot is being merged into systemd. Bad example again. Gummiboot was originally developed by Kay Sievers, one of Poettering's fanboys and co-developer of systemd. So a no-go anyway, and no surprise that it got merged into systemd.
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
On Friday, August 07, 2015 8:33:17 PM waben...@gmail.com wrote: > Mick wrote: > > > On Friday 07 Aug 2015 00:23:35 waben...@gmail.com wrote: > > > Mick wrote: > > > > I was wondering similar questions regarding a 32G flash card I > > > > have. Using fdisk to partition it the starting sector was > > > > automatically aligned with 2048 as it fdisk has been improved to > > > > deal with 4KB sector drives. > > > > > > > > However, formatting it with mkfs.vfat I was none the wise if I > > > > should use the '-s sectors-per-cluster' option or what to set it > > > > at. > > > > > > For the SD Cards of my Android devices I use > > > > > > mkfs.vfat -F32 -s64 > > > > > > This always gave me good performance. > > > > > > > Furthermore, how can I read the current cluster size off the flash > > > > card? Is this appropriate? > > > > > > > > blockdev --getbsz /dev/sdb > > > > 4096 > > > > > > This gives you the physical blocksize of the device. > > > > > > If you wanna know the cluster size, that means the blocksize of your > > > filesystem, you can use mtools. First > > > configure /etc/mtools/mtools.conf and set a drive letter for your > > > SD Card, e.g. > > > > > > drive c: file="/dev/sde1" > > > > > > then use > > > > > > minfo C: > > > > > > to query a lot of information about the filesystem. Beside some > > > other infos you will get for example: > > > > > > sector size: 512 bytes > > > cluster size: 8 sectors > > > > > > This means cluster size is 4096 Bytes. > > > > > > -- > > > Regards > > > wabe > > > > Thanks! > > > > I've used minfo and this is what it showed: > > > > # minfo d: > > device information: > > === > > filename="/dev/sdb1" > > sectors per track: 32 > > heads: 64 > > cylinders: 30399 > > > > mformat command line: mformat -t 30399 -h 64 -s 32 -H 2048 d: > > > > bootsector information > > == > > banner:"mkfs.fat" > > sector size: 512 bytes > > cluster size: 32 sectors > > reserved (boot) sectors: 32 > > fats: 2 > > max available root directory slots: 0 > > small size: 0 sectors > > media descriptor byte: 0xf8 > > sectors per fat: 0 > > sectors per track: 32 > > heads: 64 > > hidden sectors: 2048 > > big size: 62257152 sectors > > physical drive id: 0x80 > > reserved=0x1 > > dos4=0x29 > > serial number: 870C0C43 > > disk label="VERBATIM32G" > > disk type="FAT32 " > > Big fatlen=15193 > > Extended flags=0x > > FS version=0x > > rootCluster=2 > > infoSector location=1 > > backup boot sector=6 > > > > Infosector: > > signature=0x41615252 > > free clusters=516445 > > last allocated cluster=1448265 > > > > > > So, with: > > > > sector size: 512 bytes > > cluster size: 32 sectors > > > > I get a cluster of 16,384 bytes. This was created automagically, > > when I ran: > > > > mkfs.vfat -c -n "Verbatim Flash" /dev/sdb1 > > > > Without knowing the specific AU/RU as Fernando explained, should it > > be smaller/bigger, or should I leave well alone. > > I think, this depends on how big the files are that you wanna store on the > card. If you plan to store many very small files on it, than it is probably > better to choose a smaller cluster size. But for music files, pictures and > videos this size should be ok. > > -- > Regards > wabe > IIRC somewhere the spec hints at a 32K optimal cluster size. I think this is because the AUs where the FAT would be may be implemented with faster or more tolerant flash memory (halving the cluster size means doubling the FAT size). But if you know the AU size you can do the math and if the FAT fits on the same number of AUs I don't see a reason not to use a different cluster size. -- Fernando Rodriguez
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On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 3:46 PM, Heiko Baums wrote: > If packages that don't need systemd as a hard dependency or are > installed with USE=-systemd write anything which is important for them > or could break them even without systemd into one of those systemd > directories which I have in my INSTALL_MASK, this would be definitely a > bug, either up- or downstream. Udev installs into such a path, and currently does not depend on systemd (in fact, they block each other). Obviously you don't use udev, but in general as more stuff ends up in systemd you'll probably find more important stuff with "systemd" in the filename. I'd suggest taking the time to understand what it is before you decide that you don't want it (speaking generally, I'm not suggesting that you didn't know what you're doing when you switched to eudev). Heck, even gummiboot is being merged into systemd. I don't think it is productive to go back and forth on the rest of this stuff. If folks take your advice and run into problems, they can always ask you for help. One of the wonderful things about this mailing list is that a new person can ask a problem and get 12 different answers with absolutely nothing distinguishing between somebody who started using Gentoo the week before and somebody who has been using it for ten years. :) >> (Fun piece of Gentoo trivia. Most Gentoo-derived systems don't run >> either openrc or systemd - they run upstart, despite it not even being >> in the main Gentoo repository. Go figure...) > > Out of interest: Which ones? That would be the #1 selling pre-installed linux desktop distro: ChromeOS. Most Linux users don't realize that there are far more laptops sold with software installed using emerge than with apt-get. You probably won't find that tidbit on distrowatch either. :) CoreOS is also a Gentoo-derived distro, being based on ChromiumOS. It should be noted that in their end state I don't think either is shipped with the portage package manager actually installed. Their master images are built using it, however. -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
On Friday, August 07, 2015 6:58:47 PM waben...@gmail.com wrote: > Alec Ten Harmsel wrote: > > > On Fri, Aug 07, 2015 at 06:25:11PM +0200, waben...@gmail.com wrote: > > > Fernando Rodriguez wrote: > > > > > > > I wrote a long reply to this and it appears to have been > > > > swallowed by /dev/null. > > > > > > I have read it, so it wasn't swallowed. I also have written some > > > posts in the last 2 or 3 days, but it seems that everyone ignored > > > them. I think the reason is that I'm not very popular in this ML, > > > but maybe a technical problem is the reason instead. > > > > > > It would be nice, if someone could respond to this post, just that I > > > know, that my posts are not disappear into the null-room. > > > > > > -- > > > Regards > > > wabe > > > > > > > If I'm monkeying around with my email config and I'm not sure if > > everything is still okay, I usually use gmane [1,2]. > > > > Alec > > > > [1] http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.linux.gentoo.user > > [2] http://news.gmane.org/gmane.linux.gentoo.user > > THX for the hint, that's a really good tip. Shame on me that I didn't > hit on that by myself. :-) > > -- > Regards > wabe > Shame on me too :) Akonadi had stopped downloading emails, when I restarted it they all showed up. -- Fernando Rodriguez
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
On Friday, August 07, 2015 7:01:29 PM Mick wrote: > On Friday 07 Aug 2015 04:27:15 Fernando Rodriguez wrote: > > On Thursday, August 06, 2015 6:18:59 PM meino.cra...@gmx.de wrote: > > > Hi, > > > > > > for my tablet PC I used a used 32GB FAT32 formatted SDcard. The > > > formatting was already done by the manufacturer. > > > Then I screwed it up and had to do the partioning and formatting > > > myself again. "No big deal", I thought -- and was wrong. > > > Yes, the "thing" I got could be read and written. But it was > > > DAMN slow in comparison to the original formatting. > > > > > > I googled and found a description, which described exactly, > > > what I wanted: An optimal formatting for one big FAT32 partion. > > > I did it again ;) and: TADA! The speed was back. > > > LINK:http://zero1-st.blogspot.de/2012/05/formatting-fat32-volumes-larger-> > > > > than.html > > > > > > Now I need the something identical but explained in a way > > > that it can be successfully applied to any partion layout > > > and any SDcard size. > > > Currently the new SDcard has 64GB (yes, the tablet eats that size > > > well :) and needs at least two partions: One FAT32 and one ext4. > > > May be that I need a different layout later. > > > > > > To what aspect and "logic" do I have to keep my eyes on, when > > > it comes partioning/formatting any SDcard size with any partion > > > layout and any filesystem? > > > > > > Thank you very much in advance for any help! > > > Best regards, > > > Meino > > > > I wrote a long reply to this and it appears to have been swallowed by > > /dev/null. > > > > SD cards don't have 128K blocks. Except for the very early ones (standard > > capacity), they are divided in allocation units (AU) that are 1MB to 4MB > > for SDHC and even larger for SDXC. The only way to get that value is by > > reading a register in the card (so you can't do it in usermode on linux). > > > > The AUs are divided into Recording Units (RUs). The size of these can be > > deduced from the card speed class (that's the number inside the C on the > > label), and the card capacity. For class 2 and 4 if the card is less than > > 1GB it's 16KB, otherwise it's 32KB. For class 6 it is 64KB, and for class > > 10 it's 512KB. > > > > After an AU is erased you can write to any of the free RUs in any order in > > blocks of 512 bytes sequentially (the block size is configurable by the > > driver but 512 is the most common). But if you write to a nonfree RU then > > all non- free RU get copied to a new AU. So the performance hit depends on > > how many non-free RUs are in the AU when this happens. > > > > So to get the best performance you need to align the first FAT cluster on > > an AU boundary and that the RUs used by the reserved sectors after the FAT > > are free. This is not so easy from usermode because you can't get the AU > > size and you can't erase the AU to make sure reserved sectors are free. > > The Windows 7 and later format utility will do it if you don't partition > > the card. The next best thing is to align it to an RU which should be > > pretty easy. > > > > You could guess the AU size by writting blocks of RU size from the start of > > the card and timing it. Every time you hit the AU boundary there will be a > > longer delay. > > > > For more details see the SD specification (chapter 4.13). > > > > https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/ > > > > They also have formatter tools for Windows and OSX. I tried the Windows > > version years ago but had problems with it (can't remember what). > > Excellent information Fernando, thank you! > > So there is no tool for me to use to read the AU/RU on the chip? > > The RU can be calculated from the card size and speed class, that's the number printed on the card label inside the C. I don't know of any tools to get the AU and it looks like it's not exported to userspace so any such tool would have to guess it. However, if you want to hack your kernel all it takes is one line on /usr/src/linux/drivers/mmc/core/debugfs.c. Add the following towards the end of mmc_ios_show before the return statement: seq_printf(s, "au (sectors):\t%u\n", host->card->ssr.au); then you can do: cat /sys/kernel/debug/mmc0/ios Multiply the value by 512 to get the size in bytes. It can be up to 64MB. -- Fernando Rodriguez
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Mick gmail.com> writes: > > http://www.gentoo-wiki.info/GRP Interestingly, I found this link:: http://netlibrary.net/articles/Gentoo_Reference_Platform > > Not sure if the gentoo Attic contains such images. > Hmm ... this cvs is empty: yep. > https://sources.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/gentoo-src/grp/ I might have some old cd's laying around; but they will not contain the (catalyst) source codes use to stitch that old installer together will they? I'd be curious as for many of my embedded systems projects a vintage installer for embedded gentoo just might be the easiest pathway forward. Usually you can find old codes, but I'm not having any success. As an old fart, I like looking back at old codes ymmv.
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Am 07.08.2015 um 21:46 schrieb Heiko Baums: > That has nothing to do with eudev or anything else. So if you don't want > to have a systemd-free system Typo: Should obviously be without the "don't".
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Am 07.08.2015 um 00:10 schrieb Rich Freeman: > Like I said - if you want to go this route be prepared to tweak half > your system to keep it working. Why would I need to tweak half my system? That sounds exactly like those Poetterix fanboys, particularly when they forced systemd on every user of certain distros whether they wanted it or not. I don't need to be worried, that this will happen with Gentoo either anytime soon? > Replacing udev with eudev is > certainly possible, but probably not something I'd recommend for > somebody trying out Gentoo for the first time. I would highly recommend it, even for first time users. Of course not if they want to use systemd. > Most of the eudev > developers would probably not recommend setting install masks and > setting USE=-systemd either. I doubt that, particularly the USE=-systemd part. As I already mentioned, USE=-systemd only affects ebuilds which have optional systemd related features and/or dependencies. Ebuilds which have hard systemd dependencies ignore USE=-systemd. That has nothing to do with eudev or anything else. So if you don't want to have a systemd-free system you can safely or even should add USE=-systemd to your make.conf. If that leads to a problem then it is a bug, of course except if you want to use systemd and set USE=-systemd anyway. If packages that don't need systemd as a hard dependency or are installed with USE=-systemd write anything which is important for them or could break them even without systemd into one of those systemd directories which I have in my INSTALL_MASK, this would be definitely a bug, either up- or downstream. > And you're using udev all the same - there isn't much that was in udev > before the systemd merge which isn't in eudev today. It seems a bit > odd to object to a package on the sole basis of what source repository > its maintainers are using. But, whatever floats your boat. I don't think this is odd, because eudev is generally not maintained by Poettering and his fanboys. And the goal for eudev is to have it completely free of systemd dependencies which is not the case for udev. In contrast the udev maintainers already announced that udev will soon break on systems without systemd. So I would still highly recommend switching to eudev which btw. works flawlessly. The switch from udev to eudev went totally smooth, too. > If a package declares a dependency against a package that installs > something in /usr/lib/systemd, and it breaks because you masked that > directory, then your bug is probably going to be marked invalid. You've written about a hard systemd dependency. In such a case portage will automatically pull systemd into your system no matter if you have set USE=-systemd or not. So if someone wouldn't want to install systemd he will be warned by this and most likely won't install that particular package. Of course I had to remove my INSTALL_MASK if I would want this particular package anyway. But I wouldn't want that package. > (Fun piece of Gentoo trivia. Most Gentoo-derived systems don't run > either openrc or systemd - they run upstart, despite it not even being > in the main Gentoo repository. Go figure...) Out of interest: Which ones?
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
Mick [15-08-07 20:04]: > On Friday 07 Aug 2015 04:27:15 Fernando Rodriguez wrote: > > On Thursday, August 06, 2015 6:18:59 PM meino.cra...@gmx.de wrote: > > > Hi, > > > > > > for my tablet PC I used a used 32GB FAT32 formatted SDcard. The > > > formatting was already done by the manufacturer. > > > Then I screwed it up and had to do the partioning and formatting > > > myself again. "No big deal", I thought -- and was wrong. > > > Yes, the "thing" I got could be read and written. But it was > > > DAMN slow in comparison to the original formatting. > > > > > > I googled and found a description, which described exactly, > > > what I wanted: An optimal formatting for one big FAT32 partion. > > > I did it again ;) and: TADA! The speed was back. > > > LINK:http://zero1-st.blogspot.de/2012/05/formatting-fat32-volumes-larger-> > > > > than.html > > > > > > Now I need the something identical but explained in a way > > > that it can be successfully applied to any partion layout > > > and any SDcard size. > > > Currently the new SDcard has 64GB (yes, the tablet eats that size > > > well :) and needs at least two partions: One FAT32 and one ext4. > > > May be that I need a different layout later. > > > > > > To what aspect and "logic" do I have to keep my eyes on, when > > > it comes partioning/formatting any SDcard size with any partion > > > layout and any filesystem? > > > > > > Thank you very much in advance for any help! > > > Best regards, > > > Meino > > > > I wrote a long reply to this and it appears to have been swallowed by > > /dev/null. > > > > SD cards don't have 128K blocks. Except for the very early ones (standard > > capacity), they are divided in allocation units (AU) that are 1MB to 4MB > > for SDHC and even larger for SDXC. The only way to get that value is by > > reading a register in the card (so you can't do it in usermode on linux). > > > > The AUs are divided into Recording Units (RUs). The size of these can be > > deduced from the card speed class (that's the number inside the C on the > > label), and the card capacity. For class 2 and 4 if the card is less than > > 1GB it's 16KB, otherwise it's 32KB. For class 6 it is 64KB, and for class > > 10 it's 512KB. > > > > After an AU is erased you can write to any of the free RUs in any order in > > blocks of 512 bytes sequentially (the block size is configurable by the > > driver but 512 is the most common). But if you write to a nonfree RU then > > all non- free RU get copied to a new AU. So the performance hit depends on > > how many non-free RUs are in the AU when this happens. > > > > So to get the best performance you need to align the first FAT cluster on > > an AU boundary and that the RUs used by the reserved sectors after the FAT > > are free. This is not so easy from usermode because you can't get the AU > > size and you can't erase the AU to make sure reserved sectors are free. > > The Windows 7 and later format utility will do it if you don't partition > > the card. The next best thing is to align it to an RU which should be > > pretty easy. > > > > You could guess the AU size by writting blocks of RU size from the start of > > the card and timing it. Every time you hit the AU boundary there will be a > > longer delay. > > > > For more details see the SD specification (chapter 4.13). > > > > https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/ > > > > They also have formatter tools for Windows and OSX. I tried the Windows > > version years ago but had problems with it (can't remember what). > > Excellent information Fernando, thank you! > > So there is no tool for me to use to read the AU/RU on the chip? > > -- > Regards, > Mick Hi, sorry for being a little late...was too busy and my sdcard is still not formatted... ;) Thank you very much for the help and all the informations. Currently I start to understand the problems and solutions in formatting ONE partition with a FAT32 filesystem on a sdcard the correct way, but when it comes to more the one partition and filesystems for example like ext4fs I still dont know how to... Just a few minutes before I found this: http://www.bradfordembedded.com/2014/05/flashbenching/ http://wiki.laptop.org/go/How_to_Damage_a_FLASH_Storage_Device https://github.com/bradfa/flashbench http://wiki.laptop.org/go/SDCard_Testing https://lists.linaro.org/pipermail/flashbench-results/ https://blogofterje.wordpress.com/2012/01/14/optimizing-fs-on-sd-card/ I am still in the process of reading and hopefully understanding this... Best regards, Meino
gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org
On Friday 07 Aug 2015 19:32:19 Mick wrote: > On Friday 07 Aug 2015 15:51:24 James` wrote: > > Neil Bothwick digimed.co.uk> writes: > > > > > That's what Gentoo did years ago. You could download a DVD with > > > > > prebuilt binary packages. It meant you could follow the handbook, > > > > > but without changing use flags from the default profiles for that > > > > > DVD, and get a running system in no time. > > > > > > > > Wasn't that the GRP option? > > > > > > That was it, I couldn't remember the name. > > > > H (GRP option), > > > > Can anyone dig out a link to that install medium? I'm unable to find it. > > I have lots of old i(3/4/5/6_86 gear I can revisit such old installs:: > > and Sven has archived many old portage trees, if I can find that link. > > It might just be fun to do one of those old installs and an old > > installer. > > > > My current (active) oldest install is vintage 2007/2008... I do not > > upgrade it, I keep it around for nostalgic reasons > > I think, but could be out by a year or two, that it was c. 2006: > > http://www.gentoo-wiki.info/GRP > > Not sure if the gentoo Attic contains such images. Hmm ... this cvs is empty: https://sources.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/gentoo-src/grp/ -- Regards, Mick signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
Mick wrote: > On Friday 07 Aug 2015 00:23:35 waben...@gmail.com wrote: > > Mick wrote: > > > I was wondering similar questions regarding a 32G flash card I > > > have. Using fdisk to partition it the starting sector was > > > automatically aligned with 2048 as it fdisk has been improved to > > > deal with 4KB sector drives. > > > > > > However, formatting it with mkfs.vfat I was none the wise if I > > > should use the '-s sectors-per-cluster' option or what to set it > > > at. > > > > For the SD Cards of my Android devices I use > > > > mkfs.vfat -F32 -s64 > > > > This always gave me good performance. > > > > > Furthermore, how can I read the current cluster size off the flash > > > card? Is this appropriate? > > > > > > blockdev --getbsz /dev/sdb > > > 4096 > > > > This gives you the physical blocksize of the device. > > > > If you wanna know the cluster size, that means the blocksize of your > > filesystem, you can use mtools. First > > configure /etc/mtools/mtools.conf and set a drive letter for your > > SD Card, e.g. > > > > drive c: file="/dev/sde1" > > > > then use > > > > minfo C: > > > > to query a lot of information about the filesystem. Beside some > > other infos you will get for example: > > > > sector size: 512 bytes > > cluster size: 8 sectors > > > > This means cluster size is 4096 Bytes. > > > > -- > > Regards > > wabe > > Thanks! > > I've used minfo and this is what it showed: > > # minfo d: > device information: > === > filename="/dev/sdb1" > sectors per track: 32 > heads: 64 > cylinders: 30399 > > mformat command line: mformat -t 30399 -h 64 -s 32 -H 2048 d: > > bootsector information > == > banner:"mkfs.fat" > sector size: 512 bytes > cluster size: 32 sectors > reserved (boot) sectors: 32 > fats: 2 > max available root directory slots: 0 > small size: 0 sectors > media descriptor byte: 0xf8 > sectors per fat: 0 > sectors per track: 32 > heads: 64 > hidden sectors: 2048 > big size: 62257152 sectors > physical drive id: 0x80 > reserved=0x1 > dos4=0x29 > serial number: 870C0C43 > disk label="VERBATIM32G" > disk type="FAT32 " > Big fatlen=15193 > Extended flags=0x > FS version=0x > rootCluster=2 > infoSector location=1 > backup boot sector=6 > > Infosector: > signature=0x41615252 > free clusters=516445 > last allocated cluster=1448265 > > > So, with: > > sector size: 512 bytes > cluster size: 32 sectors > > I get a cluster of 16,384 bytes. This was created automagically, > when I ran: > > mkfs.vfat -c -n "Verbatim Flash" /dev/sdb1 > > Without knowing the specific AU/RU as Fernando explained, should it > be smaller/bigger, or should I leave well alone. I think, this depends on how big the files are that you wanna store on the card. If you plan to store many very small files on it, than it is probably better to choose a smaller cluster size. But for music files, pictures and videos this size should be ok. -- Regards wabe
gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org
On Friday 07 Aug 2015 15:51:24 James` wrote: > Neil Bothwick digimed.co.uk> writes: > > > > That's what Gentoo did years ago. You could download a DVD with > > > > prebuilt binary packages. It meant you could follow the handbook, but > > > > without changing use flags from the default profiles for that DVD, > > > > and get a running system in no time. > > > > > > Wasn't that the GRP option? > > > > That was it, I couldn't remember the name. > > H (GRP option), > > Can anyone dig out a link to that install medium? I'm unable to find it. > I have lots of old i(3/4/5/6_86 gear I can revisit such old installs:: and > Sven has archived many old portage trees, if I can find that link. It might > just be fun to do one of those old installs and an old installer. > > My current (active) oldest install is vintage 2007/2008... I do not upgrade > it, I keep it around for nostalgic reasons I think, but could be out by a year or two, that it was c. 2006: http://www.gentoo-wiki.info/GRP Not sure if the gentoo Attic contains such images. > Curiously, is that the same installation semantic that Pentoo > currently uses with it's pentoo installer? [1] (ZeroChaos) > > > James > > [1] https://code.google.com/p/pentoo/wiki/PentooInstaller -- Regards, Mick signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
On Friday 07 Aug 2015 00:23:35 waben...@gmail.com wrote: > Mick wrote: > > I was wondering similar questions regarding a 32G flash card I have. > > Using fdisk to partition it the starting sector was automatically > > aligned with 2048 as it fdisk has been improved to deal with 4KB > > sector drives. > > > > However, formatting it with mkfs.vfat I was none the wise if I should > > use the '-s sectors-per-cluster' option or what to set it at. > > For the SD Cards of my Android devices I use > > mkfs.vfat -F32 -s64 > > This always gave me good performance. > > > Furthermore, how can I read the current cluster size off the flash > > card? Is this appropriate? > > > > blockdev --getbsz /dev/sdb > > 4096 > > This gives you the physical blocksize of the device. > > If you wanna know the cluster size, that means the blocksize of your > filesystem, you can use mtools. First configure /etc/mtools/mtools.conf > and set a drive letter for your SD Card, e.g. > > drive c: file="/dev/sde1" > > then use > > minfo C: > > to query a lot of information about the filesystem. Beside some other infos > you will get for example: > > sector size: 512 bytes > cluster size: 8 sectors > > This means cluster size is 4096 Bytes. > > -- > Regards > wabe Thanks! I've used minfo and this is what it showed: # minfo d: device information: === filename="/dev/sdb1" sectors per track: 32 heads: 64 cylinders: 30399 mformat command line: mformat -t 30399 -h 64 -s 32 -H 2048 d: bootsector information == banner:"mkfs.fat" sector size: 512 bytes cluster size: 32 sectors reserved (boot) sectors: 32 fats: 2 max available root directory slots: 0 small size: 0 sectors media descriptor byte: 0xf8 sectors per fat: 0 sectors per track: 32 heads: 64 hidden sectors: 2048 big size: 62257152 sectors physical drive id: 0x80 reserved=0x1 dos4=0x29 serial number: 870C0C43 disk label="VERBATIM32G" disk type="FAT32 " Big fatlen=15193 Extended flags=0x FS version=0x rootCluster=2 infoSector location=1 backup boot sector=6 Infosector: signature=0x41615252 free clusters=516445 last allocated cluster=1448265 So, with: sector size: 512 bytes cluster size: 32 sectors I get a cluster of 16,384 bytes. This was created automagically, when I ran: mkfs.vfat -c -n "Verbatim Flash" /dev/sdb1 Without knowing the specific AU/RU as Fernando explained, should it be smaller/bigger, or should I leave well alone. -- Regards, Mick signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
On Friday 07 Aug 2015 04:27:15 Fernando Rodriguez wrote: > On Thursday, August 06, 2015 6:18:59 PM meino.cra...@gmx.de wrote: > > Hi, > > > > for my tablet PC I used a used 32GB FAT32 formatted SDcard. The > > formatting was already done by the manufacturer. > > Then I screwed it up and had to do the partioning and formatting > > myself again. "No big deal", I thought -- and was wrong. > > Yes, the "thing" I got could be read and written. But it was > > DAMN slow in comparison to the original formatting. > > > > I googled and found a description, which described exactly, > > what I wanted: An optimal formatting for one big FAT32 partion. > > I did it again ;) and: TADA! The speed was back. > > LINK:http://zero1-st.blogspot.de/2012/05/formatting-fat32-volumes-larger-> > > > than.html > > > > Now I need the something identical but explained in a way > > that it can be successfully applied to any partion layout > > and any SDcard size. > > Currently the new SDcard has 64GB (yes, the tablet eats that size > > well :) and needs at least two partions: One FAT32 and one ext4. > > May be that I need a different layout later. > > > > To what aspect and "logic" do I have to keep my eyes on, when > > it comes partioning/formatting any SDcard size with any partion > > layout and any filesystem? > > > > Thank you very much in advance for any help! > > Best regards, > > Meino > > I wrote a long reply to this and it appears to have been swallowed by > /dev/null. > > SD cards don't have 128K blocks. Except for the very early ones (standard > capacity), they are divided in allocation units (AU) that are 1MB to 4MB > for SDHC and even larger for SDXC. The only way to get that value is by > reading a register in the card (so you can't do it in usermode on linux). > > The AUs are divided into Recording Units (RUs). The size of these can be > deduced from the card speed class (that's the number inside the C on the > label), and the card capacity. For class 2 and 4 if the card is less than > 1GB it's 16KB, otherwise it's 32KB. For class 6 it is 64KB, and for class > 10 it's 512KB. > > After an AU is erased you can write to any of the free RUs in any order in > blocks of 512 bytes sequentially (the block size is configurable by the > driver but 512 is the most common). But if you write to a nonfree RU then > all non- free RU get copied to a new AU. So the performance hit depends on > how many non-free RUs are in the AU when this happens. > > So to get the best performance you need to align the first FAT cluster on > an AU boundary and that the RUs used by the reserved sectors after the FAT > are free. This is not so easy from usermode because you can't get the AU > size and you can't erase the AU to make sure reserved sectors are free. > The Windows 7 and later format utility will do it if you don't partition > the card. The next best thing is to align it to an RU which should be > pretty easy. > > You could guess the AU size by writting blocks of RU size from the start of > the card and timing it. Every time you hit the AU boundary there will be a > longer delay. > > For more details see the SD specification (chapter 4.13). > > https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/ > > They also have formatter tools for Windows and OSX. I tried the Windows > version years ago but had problems with it (can't remember what). Excellent information Fernando, thank you! So there is no tool for me to use to read the AU/RU on the chip? -- Regards, Mick signature.asc Description: This is a digitally signed message part.
[gentoo-user] Re: [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
gmail.com> writes:
> > If I'm monkeying around with my email config and I'm not sure if
> > everything is still okay, I usually use gmane [1,2].
> > [1] http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.linux.gentoo.user
> > [2] http://news.gmane.org/gmane.linux.gentoo.user
Yep, gmane as a front-end to gentoo user is very cool and convenient.
You can post/read from any web-browser, once you are set up. Very
useful when you hose a gentoo box or just for regular use. You have to prune
responses you add more lines than your respond to. Also, some special
characters at the beginning of a line cause gmane parsing_constipation,
as do lines too long.
Gmane does bork (as a service) periodically. Sometimnes it takes
days to get back to normal; often with days of posts missing.
caveat emptor.
I also subscribe to gentoo-user via nntp. {ymmv} depending on your nntp
services. Posting is problematic via nntp:: but can be made to work.
Gmane builds threads with the first posting date being the anchor to access
the thread. nntp lists the threads by the date of the last (therefore lists
the most recent) posting; so I often use nntp to find the thread, note the
date of the first posting, then find thyreads in gmane. On
older/longer/dated threads it really helps.
enjoy!
James
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
Alec Ten Harmsel wrote: > On Fri, Aug 07, 2015 at 06:25:11PM +0200, waben...@gmail.com wrote: > > Fernando Rodriguez wrote: > > > > > I wrote a long reply to this and it appears to have been > > > swallowed by /dev/null. > > > > I have read it, so it wasn't swallowed. I also have written some > > posts in the last 2 or 3 days, but it seems that everyone ignored > > them. I think the reason is that I'm not very popular in this ML, > > but maybe a technical problem is the reason instead. > > > > It would be nice, if someone could respond to this post, just that I > > know, that my posts are not disappear into the null-room. > > > > -- > > Regards > > wabe > > > > If I'm monkeying around with my email config and I'm not sure if > everything is still okay, I usually use gmane [1,2]. > > Alec > > [1] http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.linux.gentoo.user > [2] http://news.gmane.org/gmane.linux.gentoo.user THX for the hint, that's a really good tip. Shame on me that I didn't hit on that by myself. :-) -- Regards wabe
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
On Fri, Aug 07, 2015 at 06:25:11PM +0200, waben...@gmail.com wrote: > Fernando Rodriguez wrote: > > > I wrote a long reply to this and it appears to have been swallowed by > > /dev/null. > > I have read it, so it wasn't swallowed. I also have written some posts > in the last 2 or 3 days, but it seems that everyone ignored them. I > think the reason is that I'm not very popular in this ML, but maybe > a technical problem is the reason instead. > > It would be nice, if someone could respond to this post, just that I > know, that my posts are not disappear into the null-room. > > -- > Regards > wabe > If I'm monkeying around with my email config and I'm not sure if everything is still okay, I usually use gmane [1,2]. Alec [1] http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.linux.gentoo.user [2] http://news.gmane.org/gmane.linux.gentoo.user
Re: [gentoo-user] [OT]: Optimal formatting a SDcard (64GB) with partions of diffent sizes and filesystems?
Fernando Rodriguez wrote: > I wrote a long reply to this and it appears to have been swallowed by > /dev/null. I have read it, so it wasn't swallowed. I also have written some posts in the last 2 or 3 days, but it seems that everyone ignored them. I think the reason is that I'm not very popular in this ML, but maybe a technical problem is the reason instead. It would be nice, if someone could respond to this post, just that I know, that my posts are not disappear into the null-room. -- Regards wabe
gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org
Neil Bothwick digimed.co.uk> writes: > > > That's what Gentoo did years ago. You could download a DVD with > > > prebuilt binary packages. It meant you could follow the handbook, but > > > without changing use flags from the default profiles for that DVD, > > > and get a running system in no time. > > Wasn't that the GRP option? > That was it, I couldn't remember the name. H (GRP option), Can anyone dig out a link to that install medium? I'm unable to find it. I have lots of old i(3/4/5/6_86 gear I can revisit such old installs:: and Sven has archived many old portage trees, if I can find that link. It might just be fun to do one of those old installs and an old installer. My current (active) oldest install is vintage 2007/2008... I do not upgrade it, I keep it around for nostalgic reasons Curiously, is that the same installation semantic that Pentoo currently uses with it's pentoo installer? [1] (ZeroChaos) James [1] https://code.google.com/p/pentoo/wiki/PentooInstaller
Re: [gentoo-user] Installing BTRFS on MBR with OpenRC
On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 9:13 AM, Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Fri, 7 Aug 2015 08:18:40 -0400, Rich Freeman wrote: > >> So, if you have a USB stick that won't boot, consider that the problem >> may actually lie in your BIOS... > > Now you know why I boot directly from the ISO in /boot ;-) > That is obviously a convenience, but my main use case for a rescue CD is when there is something messed up with my bootloader/disks/etc. So, I'd prefer to have it on a USB stick that I verify boots and then set aside for when it is needed. No harm in ALSO having it in your bootloader as an option. -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] Installing BTRFS on MBR with OpenRC
On Fri, 7 Aug 2015 08:18:40 -0400, Rich Freeman wrote: > So, if you have a USB stick that won't boot, consider that the problem > may actually lie in your BIOS... Now you know why I boot directly from the ISO in /boot ;-) -- Neil Bothwick Roses are red, violets are blue; I'm schizophrenic and so am I. pgpAJ0A1fi_hg.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] Installing BTRFS on MBR with OpenRC
On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 7:39 AM, Peter Humphrey wrote: > > Yes, I remember about your rescue ISO. I may do the same once I work out how > to incorporate my own customisations into it. Maybe that should be the first > thing to do. I have a USB stick like that, but it refuses to boot any more. > I've been running systemrescuecd on a USB stick, but for one of my systems I had to format the device with Windows and then just copy the files and run syslinux on it from a linux box. Running the full systemrescuecd installer results in a USB stick that boots on some of my systems, but not all of them. I'm sure that is a matter of a brain-dead BIOS that isn't following the spec. (All a BIOS is supposed to do is check for a magic number on the first block, and if present load it into RAM and jump into it at a set offset. I suspect this motherboard is trying to do more than that, perhaps as part of a firmware loader function/etc which would require more knowledge of FAT.) So, if you have a USB stick that won't boot, consider that the problem may actually lie in your BIOS... -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] Installing BTRFS on MBR with OpenRC
On Friday 07 August 2015 10:48:02 Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Fri, 07 Aug 2015 09:49:24 +0100, Peter Humphrey wrote: > > > Yep, but as stated by Rich there isn't much to a btrfs raid 1 install > > > aside from mkfs.btrfs, building btrfs support into the > > > kernel, the slightly different fstab entry, and using an initramfs > > > (dracut makes it easy). > > > > The arrangement I have in mind is sd[ab]1 raid-1 /boot, sd[ab]2 swap, > > sd[ab]3 rescue system, sd[ab]4 btrfs gentoo. Maybe I could get away > > without swap since this box has 16GB RAM, but I'm not ready to do > > without my rescue system. > > that's pretty much what I have on my desktop except it has three drives > in the RAID and no rescue system (I have a System Rescue Cd ISO > in /boot). AFAIR it just worked first time. Yes, I remember about your rescue ISO. I may do the same once I work out how to incorporate my own customisations into it. Maybe that should be the first thing to do. I have a USB stick like that, but it refuses to boot any more. (The reason I'm taking so long to build the VM is that VirtualBox won't install the guest additions ISO, so I have no paste or selection buffer and no folder sharing, so I have to do everything the long way.) -- Rgds Peter
Re: [gentoo-user] boots, but not on first try
On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 5:45 AM, Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Fri, 07 Aug 2015 04:40:12 -0400, Felix Miata wrote: > >> >> Why is root=/dev/ram0 real_root= in the sample/prototype? >> >> > That's for using an initrd, specifically the one produced by >> > genkernel. With no initrd you simply give the actual root device. >> >> I can't remember ever using a distro without an initrd before Gentoo, or >> needing /dev/ram* to boot except for an installation kernel. > > Like I said, it's the genkernel way of doing things. I never liked > genkernel so never had to deal with that. I used to create my own > initramfs's, but dracut made it too easy so I let that do all the work > now. > Yeah, genkernel is a bit odd in that regard. Just one more reason not to use it. :) I just use dracut, and like just about every other initramfs out there it doesn't use root=/dev/ram* real_root=whatever. -- Rich
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Neil Bothwick wrote: > On Thu, 6 Aug 2015 22:08:16 +0100, Mick wrote: > >>> % cat /etc/portage/env/ccache.conf >>> FEATURES="ccache" >>> >>> % cat /etc/portage/package.env/libreoffice >>> app-office/libreoffice ccache.conf disk-tmpdir.conf >>> >>> And don't forget to emerge ccache ;-) >> Hmm ... may be I should re-enable it to see if I notice the difference >> on an old PC I have. I took it off because failed ebuilds would >> continue to fail - until I remembered to delete the ccache files. > I had bad experiences with it too, that's why I use it only where there's > a real benefit and no history of breakage. I'd never enable it gobally > again. > > Same here. When it would fail, I'd have to clear the ccache and do it again which cost me time not saved it. After several problems, I disabled the thing, uninstalled it and deleted all the ccache. Unless a whole lot of people say it is much better now, I have no plans to try it again. I still want to buy me a 8 core CPU tho. I also want a new drive and to upgrade to 32GBs of ram too. That would likely improve speed more than ccache plus it gives me more wiggle room when editing photos with GIMP, using LO, multiple profiles of Firefox running etc etc etc. It starts to slow down a bit when I get to about 14GBs or so in use. ;-) Dale :-) :-)
Re: [gentoo-user] Installing BTRFS on MBR with OpenRC
On Fri, 07 Aug 2015 09:49:24 +0100, Peter Humphrey wrote: > > Yep, but as stated by Rich there isn't much to a btrfs raid 1 install > > aside from mkfs.btrfs, building btrfs support into the > > kernel, the slightly different fstab entry, and using an initramfs > > (dracut makes it easy). > > The arrangement I have in mind is sd[ab]1 raid-1 /boot, sd[ab]2 swap, > sd[ab]3 rescue system, sd[ab]4 btrfs gentoo. Maybe I could get away > without swap since this box has 16GB RAM, but I'm not ready to do > without my rescue system. that's pretty much what I have on my desktop except it has three drives in the RAID and no rescue system (I have a System Rescue Cd ISO in /boot). AFAIR it just worked first time. -- Neil Bothwick If a turtle doesn't have a shell, is he homeless or naked? pgp_GWmxiX25z.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] boots, but not on first try
On Fri, 07 Aug 2015 04:40:12 -0400, Felix Miata wrote: > > Didn't we cover this already? You have GRUB installed to boot your > > other distros, all you need to do is add a stanza for Gentoo to your > > existing menu.lst. > > Subject only got touched. That's all I *need* to do. :-) Yes :) > My machines have lots of installations[1], so my master bootloaders > only load default kernels (via symlink vmlinuz-cur), installation > kernel(s), memtest(s), or chainload. I maintain these manually. > > Bootloaders on my / partitions are chainloaded to for choosing among > multiple installed kernels per distro. Their menus are typically > maintained automatically by them rather than me. With GRUB2 you can simply source the other menu files from the main menu, I don't know if dinoGRUB had this feature. > >> Why is root=/dev/ram0 real_root= in the sample/prototype? > > > That's for using an initrd, specifically the one produced by > > genkernel. With no initrd you simply give the actual root device. > > I can't remember ever using a distro without an initrd before Gentoo, or > needing /dev/ram* to boot except for an installation kernel. Like I said, it's the genkernel way of doing things. I never liked genkernel so never had to deal with that. I used to create my own initramfs's, but dracut made it too easy so I let that do all the work now. -- Neil Bothwick Of all the people I've met you're certainly one of them pgp9LtSoXZ4nT.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: [gentoo-user] Installing BTRFS on MBR with OpenRC
On Thursday 06 August 2015 12:09:20 Jeremi Piotrowski wrote: > On Thu, 6 Aug 2015, Peter Humphrey wrote: > > First, btrfs balance. I had no idea that was needed, so of course I didn't > > include it in my attempts. Could that be why, on booting, the kernel > > couldn't mount the file system? > > I don't think that balancing an empty btrfs filesystem is necessary. It > should have no effect at this point and would not affect the kernel's > ability to mount the btrfs volume. I'm part-way through a VM installation, and when I ran btrfs balance it told me it had "moved 6 out of 6 chunks" so I guess it does have an effect. --->8 > > Finally, can I assume that your procedure would work just as well > > installing into, say, /dev/sd[ab]4? > > Yep, but as stated by Rich there isn't much to a btrfs raid 1 install > aside from mkfs.btrfs, building btrfs support into the > kernel, the slightly different fstab entry, and using an initramfs (dracut > makes it easy). The arrangement I have in mind is sd[ab]1 raid-1 /boot, sd[ab]2 swap, sd[ab]3 rescue system, sd[ab]4 btrfs gentoo. Maybe I could get away without swap since this box has 16GB RAM, but I'm not ready to do without my rescue system. > I do recommend that you try it in a virtual machine first. With an > initramfs it worked out of the box for me but I wasn't able to get it to > work with just the kernel command line. I'll let you know when I've finished building the VM and tried to boot it. Thanks for your help. -- Rgds Peter
Re: [gentoo-user] boots, but not on first try
Neil Bothwick composed on 2015-08-07 08:56 (UTC+0100): > On Thu, 06 Aug 2015 23:34:56 -0400, Felix Miata wrote: >> I got ahead of things I suppose on the bootloader instructions, which >> include no example for Grub 0.97. I did emerge -s grub to identify the >> package name, then did 'emerge --ask sys-boot/grub-static' without >> first looking for any instructions, after which I somehow found >> https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/GRUB and its instruction saying >> 'sys-boot/grub:0'. Having already emerged sys-boot/grub-static without >> the :0 appendage, I punted instead of looking up meaning of :0, running >> 'emerge --ask sys-boot/grub-static:0'. That produced 4 beeps prior to >> emerge exit, which the previous emerge did not do. Next I set Grub up >> according to its man page: grub> find /boot/grub/stage1; grub> root >> (hd0,21); grub> setup (hd0,21), then adjusted grub.conf. > Didn't we cover this already? You have GRUB installed to boot your other > distros, all you need to do is add a stanza for Gentoo to your existing > menu.lst. Subject only got touched. That's all I *need* to do. :-) My machines have lots of installations[1], so my master bootloaders only load default kernels (via symlink vmlinuz-cur), installation kernel(s), memtest(s), or chainload. I maintain these manually. Bootloaders on my / partitions are chainloaded to for choosing among multiple installed kernels per distro. Their menus are typically maintained automatically by them rather than me. >> Why is root=/dev/ram0 real_root= in the sample/prototype? > That's for using an initrd, specifically the one produced by genkernel. > With no initrd you simply give the actual root device. I can't remember ever using a distro without an initrd before Gentoo, or needing /dev/ram* to boot except for an installation kernel. [1] e.g., this is from the Athlon I installed Gentoo to 50 months ago, and since decided not to use any time soon to get a newer/current Gentoo. Among my machines, it has a slightly lower than average installation count. http://fm.no-ip.com/Tmp/Dfsee/kt400L13.txt -- "The wise are known for their understanding, and pleasant words are persuasive." Proverbs 16:21 (New Living Translation) Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks! Felix Miata *** http://fm.no-ip.com/
Re: [gentoo-user] boots, but not on first try
On Thu, 06 Aug 2015 23:34:56 -0400, Felix Miata wrote: > I got ahead of things I suppose on the bootloader instructions, which > include no example for Grub 0.97. I did emerge -s grub to identify the > package name, then did 'emerge --ask sys-boot/grub-static' without > first looking for any instructions, after which I somehow found > https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/GRUB and its instruction saying > 'sys-boot/grub:0'. Having already emerged sys-boot/grub-static without > the :0 appendage, I punted instead of looking up meaning of :0, running > 'emerge --ask sys-boot/grub-static:0'. That produced 4 beeps prior to > emerge exit, which the previous emerge did not do. Next I set Grub up > according to its man page: grub> find /boot/grub/stage1; grub> root > (hd0,21); grub> setup (hd0,21), then adjusted grub.conf. Didn't we cover this already? You have GRUB installed to boot your other distros, all you need to do is add a stanza for Gentoo to your existing menu.lst. > Panicing grub.conf cmdline arguments: > root=/dev/ram0 real_root=/dev/sda22 ipv6.disable=1 net.ifnames=0 > splash=0 video=1024x768@60 3 > > Working grub.conf cmdline arguments: > root=/dev/sda22 ipv6.disable=1 net.ifnames=0 splash=0 video=1024x768@60 > 3 > > Why is root=/dev/ram0 real_root= in the sample/prototype? That's for using an initrd, specifically the one produced by genkernel. With no initrd you simply give the actual root device. -- Neil Bothwick Some people are born mediocre, some people achieve mediocrity, and some people have mediocrity thrust upon them. - Joseph Heller, "Catch-22" pgpuCkX1HJK5c.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
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On Thu, 6 Aug 2015 17:35:38 -0700, walt wrote: > > It varies, but it can more than halve the time taken. Well worth the > > minute or two it took to set it up to happen automatically. > > You appear to be building claws-mail from git (as do I), which seems in > theory a good use of ccache. Am I understanding this correctly? I've > never used ccache before, but with your helpful config info I'm about > to try it. Yes I have an ebuild that uses git snapshots and a cron script that copies it to the latest version each morning. I set it up years ago, when Claws was undergoing much more rapid development (that's not a criticism of the current development, it's just that is is more mature now). That's a good point, I'll enable it and see how the build times compare. -- Neil Bothwick Windows Error #09: Game Over. Exiting Windows. pgpACxO4Wz_K6.pgp Description: OpenPGP digital signature
