[issue20438] inspect: Deprecate getfullargspec?

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan added the comment:

Noting for the record, as the general way of querying an unbound method for the 
name of the first parameter and adding it to the bound arguments:

def add_instance_arg(callable, bound_args):
try:
self = callable.__self__
func = callable.__func__
except AttributeError:
return # Not a bound method
unbound_sig = inspect.signature(func)
for name in unbound_sig.parameters:
bound_args.arguments[name] = self
break

>>> method = C().method
>>> sig = inspect.signature(method)
>>> sig

>>> args = sig.bind(1)
>>> args

>>> add_instance_arg(method, args)
>>> args
)>

--

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[issue28733] Show how to use mock_open in modules other that __main__

[Michał Bultrowicz]

Michał Bultrowicz added the comment:

One more update - I had the problem, because I was using monkeypatch.setattr() 
from Pytest, and assumed that it will work the same as patch(). This assumption 
turned out to be wrong.

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[issue10444] A mechanism is needed to override waiting for Python threads to finish

[Emanuel Barry]

Emanuel Barry added the comment:

Let's just close this.

--
nosy: +ebarry
resolution:  -> rejected
stage:  -> resolved
status: open -> closed

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[issue23507] Tuple creation is too slow

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Serhiy Storchaka added the comment:

Here is an example that shows increased stack consumption.

With old code it counts to 74700, with the patch it counts only to 65400.

Please revert your changes.

--
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file45725/stack_overflow.py

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[issue28839] _PyFunction_FastCallDict(): replace PyTuple_New() with PyMem_Malloc()

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

> I agree with Josh, PyTuple_New() can be faster than PyMem_Malloc() due to 
> tuple free list.

According to benchmarks, PyTuple_New() is slower than PyMem_Malloc(). It's not 
surprising for me, using a tuple object requires extra work:

* Track and then untrack the object from the garbage collector
* Destructor uses Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN/Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END macros
* Some additional indirectons

When I started working on "fastcall", I was surprised that not creating tuples 
has a *significant* (positive) effect on performance. It seems to be between 5% 
and 45% faster. Obviously, it depends on the speed of the function body. The 
speedup is higher for faster functions, like fast functions implemented in C.

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[issue28851] namedtuples field_names sequence preferred

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Changes by Serhiy Storchaka :


--
assignee: docs@python -> rhettinger
nosy: +rhettinger

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[issue28839] _PyFunction_FastCallDict(): replace PyTuple_New() with PyMem_Malloc()

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Serhiy Storchaka added the comment:

The problem with C stack overflow is not new, but your patch may make it worse 
(I don't know if it actually make it worse). Py_EnterRecursiveCall() is used 
for limiting Python stack. It can't prevent C stack overflow.

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[issue23507] Tuple creation is too slow

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

Serhiy: "I don't propose to commit this complicated patch, but these results 
can be used as a guide to the optimization of tuple creating. It is surprising 
to me that this patch has any effect at all."

A new "fast call" calling convention was added to Python 3.6 to avoid the 
creation of temporary tuples to pass function arguments. Benchmarks confirm 
that Python 3.7 is faster than Python 3.5 of functions that Serhiy suggested to 
optimize. I confirm that I was also surprised that fast call has a significant 
effect on performance!

Fast calls don't require complex code like reuse_argtuples_3.patch which 
requires to check carefully the reference counter. In the past, a similar 
optimization on property_descr_get() introduced complex bugs: see issue #24276 
and issue #26811. Fast calls don't use such issues.

The implementation of fast calls is currently incomplete: tp_new, tp_init and 
tp_call slots still require a tuple and a dict for positional and keyword 
arguments. I'm working on an enhancement for Python 3.7 to support also fast 
calls for these slots. In the meanwhile, callbacks using tp_call don't benefit 
yet on fast calls.

That's why I had to keep the tuple/refcount optimization in 
property_descr_get(), to not introduce a performance regression.

I consider that this issue can now be closed as "fixed".

--
resolution:  -> fixed
status: open -> closed

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[issue28638] Creating namedtuple is too slow to be used in common stdlib (e.g. functools)

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan added the comment:

The concern with using the "generate a private module that can be cached" 
approach is that it doesn't generalise well - any time you want to 
micro-optimise a new module that way, you have to add a custom Makefile rule.

By contrast, Argument Clinic is a general purpose tool - adopting it for 
micro-optimisation in another file would just be a matter of adding that file 
to the list of files that trigger a clinic run. functools.py would be somewhat 
notable as the first Python file we do that for, but it isn't a novel concept 
overall.

That leads into my main comment on the AC patch: the files that are explicitly 
listed as triggering a new clinic run should be factored out into a named 
variable and that list commented accordingly.

--

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[issue10444] A mechanism is needed to override waiting for Python threads to finish

[Michael Hughes]

Michael Hughes added the comment:

Given that this is from five years ago, and I've moved on, I honestly can't say 
I care too deeply about this.

My use case was for handling threads:
* created by inexperienced python programmers that don't know about daemons
* using third party python scripts that it would be easier not to edit

I feel that my proposed change handles that in a reasonable way, and doesn't 
complicate the interface for threads terribly. Most users can completely ignore 
the new method I proposed, and it won't affect them. For those going to look 
for it, it'll be there.

But again, I'm not even working in Python and no one else has chimed in on this 
in five years. Does it matter anymore?

- Michael

> On Nov 30, 2016, at 1:58 PM, Julien Palard  wrote:
> 
> 
> Julien Palard added the comment:
> 
> If nobody has nothing to add on this issue, I think it just should be closed.
> 
> --
> 
> ___
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> 
> ___

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Re: The Case Against Python 3

[Paul Moore]

On Tuesday, 29 November 2016 01:01:01 UTC, Chris Angelico  wrote:
> So what is it that's trying to read something and is calling an
> f-string a mere string?

gettext.c2py:

"""Gets a C expression as used in PO files for plural forms and returns a
Python lambda function that implements an equivalent expression.
"""
# Security check, allow only the "n" identifier
import token, tokenize
tokens = tokenize.generate_tokens(io.StringIO(plural).readline)
try:
danger = [x for x in tokens if x[0] == token.NAME and x[1] != 'n']
except tokenize.TokenError:
raise ValueError('plural forms expression error, maybe unbalanced 
parenthesis')
else:
if danger:
raise ValueError('plural forms expression could be dangerous')

So the only things that count as DANGER are NAME tokens that aren't "n". That 
seems pretty permissive...

While I agree that f-strings are more dangerous than people will immediately 
realise (the mere fact that we call them f-*strings* when they definitely 
aren't strings is an example of that), the problem here is clearly (IMO) with 
the sloppy checking in gettext.

Paul
-- 
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[issue27172] Undeprecate inspect.getfullargspec()

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan added the comment:

Updated patch adding What's New and NEWS entries, and addressing Martin's 
review comments (mostly by accepting his suggestions).

I ended up leaving `inspect.getcallargs()` deprecated, and instead added a 
comment to issue 20438 noting how to achieve the bound args -> unbound args 
conversion in a general way: http://bugs.python.org/issue20438#msg282173

--
Added file: 
http://bugs.python.org/file45723/issue27172_undeprecate_getfullargspec_v2.diff

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[issue23507] Tuple creation is too slow

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Serhiy Storchaka added the comment:

I think it would be better to optimize PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs().

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[issue28638] Creating namedtuple is too slow to be used in common stdlib (e.g. functools)

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Serhiy Storchaka added the comment:

Argument Clinic is not needed, since we can use Makefile.

--
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file45724/functools-CacheInfo-Makefile.patch

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[issue28835] Change in behavior when overriding warnings.showwarning and with catch_warnings(record=True)

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

It seems like a regression of Python 3.6, probably introduced by myself with 
add addition of warnings._showwarningmsg() and the source parameter.

--
nosy: +haypo, ned.deily
priority: normal -> release blocker

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[issue28851] namedtuples field_names sequence preferred

[Francesco Grondona]

New submission from Francesco Grondona:

A change by mhettinger in the doc of Python 2 years ago implicitely stated a 
sequence of strings as preferred way to provide 'field_names' to a namedtuple:

https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/7be6326e09f2062315f995a18ab54baedfd0c0ff

Same change should be integrated in Python 3, I see no reason to prefer the 
single string version.

--
assignee: docs@python
components: Documentation
messages: 282177
nosy: docs@python, peentoon
priority: normal
severity: normal
status: open
title: namedtuples field_names sequence preferred
type: enhancement
versions: Python 3.3, Python 3.4, Python 3.5, Python 3.6, Python 3.7

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[issue23507] Tuple creation is too slow

[Roundup Robot]

Roundup Robot added the comment:

New changeset b9c9691c72c5 by Victor Stinner in branch 'default':
Replace PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs() with fastcall
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/b9c9691c72c5

--
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[issue23507] Tuple creation is too slow

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

I rewrote bench_builtins.py to use my new perf module.

Python 3.7 is between 1.27x and 1.42x faster than Python 3.6, but sorted(list) 
is slower. I don't know why sorted(list) is slower. It doesn't use a key 
function, and so should not be impacted by FASTCALL changes made since Python 
3.6.

Benchmark results of Python 3.7 (include latest FASTCALL patches) compared to 
Python 3.5 (no FASTCALL):

filter(lambda x: x, range(1000)): Median +- std dev: [3.5] 126 us +- 7 us -> 
[3.7] 94.6 us +- 4.8 us: 1.34x faster (-25%)
map(lambda x, y: x+y, range(1000), range(1000)): Median +- std dev: [3.5] 163 
us +- 10 us -> [3.7] 115 us +- 7 us: 1.42x faster (-30%)
map(lambda x: x, range(1000)): Median +- std dev: [3.5] 115 us +- 6 us -> [3.7] 
90.9 us +- 5.4 us: 1.27x faster (-21%)
sorted(list): Median +- std dev: [3.5] 17.5 us +- 1.0 us -> [3.7] 19.7 us +- 
1.1 us: 1.12x slower (+12%)
sorted(list, key=lambda x: x): Median +- std dev: [3.5] 122 us +- 10 us -> 
[3.7] 91.8 us +- 5.7 us: 1.33x faster (-25%)

Note: you need the development version of perf to run the script (future 
version 0.9.2).

--
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file45726/bench_builtins.py

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[issue18971] calendar

[Wolfgang Maier]

Changes by Wolfgang Maier :


--
title: Use argparse in the profile/cProfile modules -> calendar

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[issue28740] Add sys.getandroidapilevel()

[Xavier de Gaye]

Xavier de Gaye added the comment:

@Chi Hsuan Yen
And please, let us not waste any more time on lost battles, this suggestion of 
using sys.implementation has already been rejected at issue 27442 (see 
msg269748) as you must know since you were involved in the discussion there.

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[issue28852] sorted(range(1000)) is slower in Python 3.7 compared to Python 3.5

[STINNER Victor]

New submission from STINNER Victor:

Follow-up of my comment http://bugs.python.org/issue23507#msg282187 :

"sorted(list): Median +- std dev: [3.5] 17.5 us +- 1.0 us -> [3.7] 19.7 us +- 
1.1 us: 1.12x slower (+12%)"

"(...) sorted(list) is slower. I don't know why sorted(list) is slower. It 
doesn't use a key function, and so should not be impacted by FASTCALL changes 
made since Python 3.6."

--
messages: 282194
nosy: haypo, serhiy.storchaka
priority: normal
severity: normal
status: open
title: sorted(range(1000)) is slower in Python 3.7 compared to Python 3.5
type: performance
versions: Python 3.7

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[issue28839] _PyFunction_FastCallDict(): replace PyTuple_New() with PyMem_Malloc()

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

I pushed th echange b9c9691c72c5 to replace PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs() with 
_PyObject_CallNoArg() or _PyObject_CallArg1(). These functions are simpler and 
don't allocate
memory on the C stack.

I made similar to PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs() in Python 3.6 to this issue: 
don't create a tuple but a small stack allocated on the C stack or allocate 
heap memory to pass a C array of PyObject* to _PyObject_FastCall().

Currently, PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs() uses a small stack for up to 5 
positional arguments: it allocates 40 bytes on the C stack.

Serhiy Storchaka: "The problem with C stack overflow is not new, but your patch 
may make it worse (I don't know if it actually make it worse)."

I consider that 80 bytes is small enough for a C stack. As I wrote, we can 
reduce this "small stack" in the future if somone reports issues.


"Py_EnterRecursiveCall() is used for limiting Python stack. It can't prevent C 
stack overflow."

I know that the protection is not perfect. It's an heuristic.

I don't even know if it counts Python builtin functions, or only pure Python 
functions.


But I'm not sure that I understood your comment: do you suggest to use a tuple 
and reject this issue? To reduce the size of the small stack? Or to only 
allocate memory on the heap memory?

If the issue is the memory allocated on the C stack, maybe we can use a free 
list for "stacks" (C array of PyObject*), as done for tuples? I'm not sure that 
a free list for PyMem_Malloc()/PyMem_Free() is useful, since it uses our 
efficient pymalloc.

--

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[issue28843] asyncio.Task implemented in C loses __traceback__ for exceptions

[Yury Selivanov]

Yury Selivanov added the comment:

Thanks for reviewing the patch, Inada-san. Closing the issue.

--
priority: release blocker -> normal
resolution:  -> fixed
stage:  -> resolved
status: open -> closed
type:  -> behavior

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[issue28852] sorted(range(1000)) is slower in Python 3.7 compared to Python 3.5

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

Benchmark:

   ./python -m perf timeit -s 'x=list(range(1000))' 'sorted(x)'

Python 3.6 and 3.7 compared to Python 3.5:

   $ python3 -m perf compare_to 3.5.json.gz 3.6.json.gz 3.7.json.gz
   Median +- std dev: [3.5] 18.4 us +- 0.9 us -> [3.6] 20.5 us +- 0.9 us: 1.11x 
slower (+11%)
   Median +- std dev: [3.5] 18.4 us +- 0.9 us -> [3.7] 19.8 us +- 1.1 us: 1.08x 
slower (+8%)

I compiled Python with "./configure && make". The benchmark should be run again 
using LTO+PGO compilation to get more reliable benchmark results.

It seems like the benchmark is not very stable even with system tune (python3 
-m perf system tune, isolcpus and rcu_nocbs in the Linux command line). I ran 
the benchmark 3 times using --append to concatenate all runs to get enough 
samples.

Histograms:

$ python3 -m perf hist 3.5.json.gz 3.6.json.gz 3.7.json.gz 
[ 3.5.json ]
15.0 us:  1 #
15.2 us:  0 |
15.5 us:  3 ###
15.7 us:  4 
16.0 us:  7 ###
16.2 us:  5 #
16.5 us: 16 
16.7 us:  4 
17.0 us:  8 
17.2 us: 10 ##
17.4 us:  7 ###
17.7 us:  5 #
17.9 us:  5 #
18.2 us: 23 
18.4 us: 77 
###
18.7 us:  5 #
18.9 us:  0 |
19.2 us:  0 |
19.4 us:  0 |
19.7 us:  0 |
19.9 us:  0 |
20.1 us:  0 |
20.4 us:  0 |
20.6 us:  0 |
20.9 us:  0 |
21.1 us:  0 |

[ 3.6.json ]
15.0 us:  0 |
15.2 us:  0 |
15.5 us:  0 |
15.7 us:  0 |
16.0 us:  0 |
16.2 us:  0 |
16.5 us:  0 |
16.7 us:  0 |
17.0 us:  0 |
17.2 us:  0 |
17.4 us:  2 ###
17.7 us:  2 ###
17.9 us:  3 #
18.2 us:  4 ###
18.4 us:  3 #
18.7 us:  7 
18.9 us:  5 
19.2 us:  8 #
19.4 us:  6 ##
19.7 us:  7 
19.9 us:  9 ###
20.1 us: 24 
20.4 us: 16 ###
20.6 us: 47 
###
20.9 us: 27 #
21.1 us: 10 #

[ 3.7.json ]
15.0 us:  0 |
15.2 us:  0 |
15.5 us:  0 |
15.7 us:  0 |
16.0 us:  0 |
16.2 us:  1 ##
16.5 us:  0 |
16.7 us:  2 ###
17.0 us:  4 ##
17.2 us:  6 #
17.4 us:  4 ##
17.7 us: 11 #
17.9 us: 10 
18.2 us: 14 ##
18.4 us: 10 
18.7 us:  5 
18.9 us:  3 #
19.2 us: 10 
19.4 us:  6 #
19.7 us: 13 #
19.9 us: 50 
###
20.1 us: 10 
20.4 us: 19 ##
20.6 us:  2 ###
20.9 us:  0 |
21.1 us:  0 |

--
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file45727/3.5.json.gz

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[issue28843] asyncio.Task implemented in C loses __traceback__ for exceptions

[Roundup Robot]

Roundup Robot added the comment:

New changeset c9f68150cf90 by Yury Selivanov in branch '3.6':
Issue #28843: Fix asyncio C Task to handle exceptions __traceback__.
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/c9f68150cf90

New changeset a21a8943c59e by Yury Selivanov in branch 'default':
Merge 3.6 (issue #28843)
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/a21a8943c59e

--
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[issue28853] locals() and free variables

[Marco Buttu]

New submission from Marco Buttu:

The locals() documentation [1] says that "Free variables are returned by 
locals() when it is called in function blocks". A free variable inside a 
function has a global scope, and in fact it is not returned by locals()::

>>> x = 33
>>> def foo():
... print(x)
... print(locals())
... 
>>> foo()
33
{}

Maybe "function blocks" here means "closure"? Does the doc mean this?

>>> def foo():
... x = 33
... def moo():
... print(x)
... print(locals())
... return moo
... 
>>> moo = foo()
>>> moo()
33
{'x': 33}

In that case, I think it is better to write "closures" instead of 
"function blocks".


[1] https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#locals

--
assignee: docs@python
components: Documentation
messages: 282200
nosy: docs@python, marco.buttu
priority: normal
severity: normal
status: open
title: locals() and free variables
type: enhancement
versions: Python 2.7, Python 3.3, Python 3.4, Python 3.5, Python 3.6, Python 3.7

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[issue28740] Add sys.getandroidapilevel()

[Chi Hsuan Yen]

Chi Hsuan Yen added the comment:

Sorry for mixing different issues and proposing bad alternatives.

My last hope is that someone looks into lemburg's msg281253:

"I don't think the sys module is the right place to put the API, since it 
doesn't have anything to do with the Python system internals."

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[issue28852] sorted(range(1000)) is slower in Python 3.7 compared to Python 3.5

[Eric N. Vander Weele]

Changes by Eric N. Vander Weele :


--
nosy: +ericvw

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Can json.dumps create multiple lines

[Cecil Westerhof]

I started to use json.dumps to put things in a SQLite database. But I
think it would be handy when it would be easy to change the values
manually.

When I have a value dummy which contains:
['An array', 'with several strings', 'as a demo']
Then json.dumps(dummy) would generate:
'["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"]'
I would prefer when it would generate:
'[
 "An array",
 "with several strings",
 "as a demo"
 ]'

Is this possible, or do I have to code this myself?

-- 
Cecil Westerhof
Senior Software Engineer
LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/cecilwesterhof
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Re: Can json.dumps create multiple lines

[Zachary Ware]

On Thu, Dec 1, 2016 at 10:30 AM, Cecil Westerhof  wrote:
> I would prefer when it would generate:
> '[
>  "An array",
>  "with several strings",
>  "as a demo"
>  ]'
>
> Is this possible, or do I have to code this myself?

https://docs.python.org/3/library/json.html?highlight=indent#json.dump

Python 3.5.2 (v3.5.2:4def2a2901a5, Jun 26 2016, 10:47:25)
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import json
>>> json.dumps(["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"])
'["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"]'
>>> print(_)
["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"]
>>> json.dumps(["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"], indent=0)
'[\n"An array",\n"with several strings",\n"as a demo"\n]'
>>> print(_)
[
"An array",
"with several strings",
"as a demo"
]

I've also seen something about JSON support in SQLite, you may want to
look into that.

-- 
Zach
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Re: Can json.dumps create multiple lines

[John Gordon]

In <87lgvz4no8@equus.decebal.nl> Cecil Westerhof  writes:

> I started to use json.dumps to put things in a SQLite database. But I
> think it would be handy when it would be easy to change the values
> manually.

> When I have a value dummy which contains:
> ['An array', 'with several strings', 'as a demo']
> Then json.dumps(dummy) would generate:
> '["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"]'
> I would prefer when it would generate:
> '[
>  "An array",
>  "with several strings",
>  "as a demo"
>  ]'

json.dumps() has an 'indent' keyword argument, but I believe it only
enables indenting of each whole element, not individual members of a list.

Perhaps something in the pprint module?

-- 
John Gordon   A is for Amy, who fell down the stairs
gor...@panix.com  B is for Basil, assaulted by bears
-- Edward Gorey, "The Gashlycrumb Tinies"

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[issue18971] Use argparse in the profile/cProfile modules

[Wolfgang Maier]

Wolfgang Maier added the comment:

oops, typing in wrong window. Very sorry.

--
nosy: +wolma
title: calendar -> Use argparse in the profile/cProfile modules

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[issue28740] Add sys.getandroidapilevel()

[Xavier de Gaye]

Xavier de Gaye added the comment:

> How about renaming sys.implementation._multiarch to 
> sys.implementation.target_architecture and make it public? 
> sys.androidapilevel() sounds too specific to me.

Please do not hijack this issue. The removal of sys.implementation._multiarch 
for Android is discussed in issue 28849 not here.

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[issue23507] Tuple creation is too slow

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

Serhiy Storchaka: "Victor, your changes introduced a regression."

I suppose that you are refering to sorted(list) which seems to be slower. Do 
you have a specific change in mind? As I wrote, it doesn't use a key function, 
and so should not be impacted by my work on fast calls. I opened a new issue 
#28852 to track this performance regression.

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[issue28851] namedtuples field_names sequence preferred

[Raymond Hettinger]

Raymond Hettinger added the comment:

Thanks for the reminder.  I'll make the doc updates after 3.6 is released 
(we're trying to not make any changes at all right now).

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[issue23507] Tuple creation is too slow

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Serhiy Storchaka added the comment:

Victor, your changes introduced a regression.

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status: closed -> open

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[issue28850] Regression in Python 3: Subclassing PrettyPrinter.format doesn't work anymore

[Guido van Rossum]

Changes by Guido van Rossum :


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[issue28854] FIPS mode causes dead-lock in ssl module

[Christian Heimes]

New submission from Christian Heimes:

Python's ssl module is dead-locking when OpenSSL is running in FIPS mode. I 
first noticed it with pip. The issue is also reproducible with Python's test 
suite.

$ sudo touch /etc/system-fips

$ OPENSSL_FORCE_FIPS_MODE=1 ./python -m test.regrtest -v test_ssl
== CPython 2.7.12+ (2.7:adb296e4bcaa, Dec 1 2016, 21:14:20) [GCC 6.2.1 20160916 
(Red Hat 6.2.1-2)]
==   Linux-4.8.8-200.fc24.x86_64-x86_64-with-fedora-24-Twenty_Four little-endian
==   /home/heimes/dev/python/2.7/build/test_python_29991
Testing with flags: sys.flags(debug=0, py3k_warning=0, division_warning=0, 
division_new=0, inspect=0, interactive=0, optimize=0, dont_write_bytecode=0, 
no_user_site=0, no_site=0, ignore_environment=0, tabcheck=0, verbose=0, 
unicode=0, bytes_warning=0, hash_randomization=0)
[1/1] test_ssl
test_ssl: testing with 'OpenSSL 1.0.2j-fips  26 Sep 2016' (1, 0, 2, 10, 15)
  under Linux ('Fedora', '24', 'Twenty Four')
  HAS_SNI = True
  OP_ALL = 0x83ff
  OP_NO_TLSv1_1 = 0x1000
test__create_stdlib_context (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test__https_verify_certificates (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test__https_verify_envvar (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_cert_store_stats (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_check_hostname (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_ciphers (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_constructor (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ERROR
test_create_default_context (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_get_ca_certs (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_load_cert_chain (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ERROR
test_load_default_certs (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_load_default_certs_env (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_load_default_certs_env_windows (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... skipped 
'Windows specific'
test_load_dh_params (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_load_verify_cadata (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_load_verify_locations (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_options (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_protocol (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ERROR
test_session_stats (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ERROR
test_set_default_verify_paths (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... ok
test_set_ecdh_curve (test.test_ssl.ContextTests) ... 


(gdb) bt
#0  0x7f0d9f8470c7 in do_futex_wait.constprop () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#1  0x7f0d9f847174 in __new_sem_wait_slow.constprop.0 () from 
/lib64/libpthread.so.0
#2  0x7f0d9f84721a in sem_wait@@GLIBC_2.2.5 () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#3  0x0051e013 in PyThread_acquire_lock (lock=0x27433a0, waitflag=1) at 
Python/thread_pthread.h:324
#4  0x7f0d937b0dce in _ssl_thread_locking_function (mode=5, n=18, 
file=0x7f0d96e417ac "fips_drbg_rand.c", line=124)
at /home/heimes/dev/python/2.7/Modules/_ssl.c:4000
#5  0x7f0d96df1d7e in fips_drbg_status () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#6  0x7f0d96d75b0e in drbg_rand_add () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#7  0x7f0d96d76645 in RAND_poll () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#8  0x7f0d96d75237 in ssleay_rand_bytes () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#9  0x7f0d96d75c33 in drbg_get_entropy () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#10 0x7f0d96df10c8 in fips_get_entropy () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#11 0x7f0d96df1226 in drbg_reseed () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#12 0x7f0d96d75bb8 in drbg_rand_seed () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#13 0x7f0d96d5da84 in ECDSA_sign_ex () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#14 0x7f0d96d5db00 in ECDSA_sign () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#15 0x7f0d96d3bc10 in pkey_ec_sign () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#16 0x7f0d96d81359 in EVP_SignFinal () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#17 0x7f0d96def373 in fips_pkey_signature_test () from 
/lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#18 0x7f0d96d38fe0 in EC_KEY_generate_key () from /lib64/libcrypto.so.10
#19 0x7f0d970d7d7c in ssl3_ctx_ctrl () from /lib64/libssl.so.10
#20 0x7f0d937af934 in set_ecdh_curve (self=0x7f0d92a23f78, 
name='prime256v1') at /home/heimes/dev/python/2.7/Modules/_ssl.c:3110
#21 0x004d8acc in call_function (pp_stack=0x7ffcc0334730, oparg=1) at 
Python/ceval.c:4340
#22 0x004d37a9 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx (
f=Frame 0x7f0d929bf460, for file 
/home/heimes/dev/python/2.7/Lib/test/test_ssl.py, line 1023, in 
test_set_ecdh_curve 
(self=, _type_equality_funcs={: 'assertMultiLineEqual', : 
'assertTupleEqual', : 'assertSetEqual', : 'assertListEqual', : 
'assertDictEqual', : 'assertSetEqual'}, 
_testMethodDoc=None, _testMethodName='test_load_default_certs_env_windows', 
_cleanups=[]) at remote 0x7f0d92a80ae0>, 'Windows specific')], 
_mirrorOutput=False, stream=<_WritelnDecorator(stream=) at remote 0x7f0d93747450>, testsRun=21, buffer=False, 
_original_stderr=, showAll=True, 
_stdout_buffer=None, _stderr_buffer=None, 

Re: Asyncio -- delayed calculation

[Ian Kelly]

On Thu, Dec 1, 2016 at 12:53 AM, Christian Gollwitzer  wrote:
> well that works - but I think it it is possible to explain it, without
> actually understanding what it does behind the scences:
>
> x = foo()
> # schedule foo for execution, i.e. put it on a TODO list

This implies that if you never await foo it will still get done at
some point (e.g. when you await something else), which for coroutines
would be incorrect unless you call ensure_future() on it.

Come to think about it, it would probably not be a bad style rule to
consider that when you call something that returns an awaitable, you
should always either await or ensure_future it (or something else that
depends on it). Barring the unusual case where you want to create an
awaitable but *not* immediately schedule it.
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[issue28840] IDLE: Document tk's long line display limitation

[Terry J. Reedy]

Changes by Terry J. Reedy :


--
stage:  -> test needed
title: IDLE not handling long lines correctly -> IDLE: Document tk's long line 
display limitation
versions: +Python 2.7, Python 3.6, Python 3.7

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[issue26363] __builtins__ propagation is misleading described in exec and eval documentation

[Julien Palard]

Julien Palard added the comment:

So, is there still an inconsistency in the documentation?

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Re: Can json.dumps create multiple lines

[Cecil Westerhof]

On Thursday  1 Dec 2016 17:55 CET, Zachary Ware wrote:

> On Thu, Dec 1, 2016 at 10:30 AM, Cecil Westerhof  wrote:
>> I would prefer when it would generate:
>> '[
>> "An array",
>> "with several strings",
>> "as a demo"
>> ]'
>>
>> Is this possible, or do I have to code this myself?
>
> https://docs.python.org/3/library/json.html?highlight=indent#json.dump
>
> Python 3.5.2 (v3.5.2:4def2a2901a5, Jun 26 2016, 10:47:25) [GCC 4.2.1
> (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright",
> "credits" or "license" for more information.
 import json
 json.dumps(["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"])
> '["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"]'
 print(_)
> ["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"]
 json.dumps(["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"],
 indent=0)
> '[\n"An array",\n"with several strings",\n"as a demo"\n]'
 print(_)
> [
> "An array",
> "with several strings",
> "as a demo"
> ]

Works like a charm. Strings can contain newlines also, but then I do
not want a new line, but that works like a charm.

I used:
cursor.execute('INSERT INTO test (json) VALUES (?)' ,
   [json.dumps(['An array',
'with several strings',
'as a demo',
'and\none\nwith\na\nnewlines'],
   indent = 0)])

and that gave exactly what I wanted.

Now I need to convert the database. But that should not be a big
problem.


> I've also seen something about JSON support in SQLite, you may want
> to look into that.

I will do that, but later. I have what I need.

-- 
Cecil Westerhof
Senior Software Engineer
LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/cecilwesterhof
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[issue28840] IDLE not handling long lines correctly

[Terry J. Reedy]

Terry J. Reedy added the comment:

Currently, the code displayed is the code saved and run when requested.  Your 
idea would require that IDLE keep a 'true' copy of the code separate from the 
'display' copy in the Text widget, with the two being kept in sync except in 
special situations such as super long lines.  This would be an error prone 
process.  It would require either having two text widgets, one displayed, one 
not, kept nearly in sync, or writing a Python equivalent of the non-display 
part of the text widget.  Or the true copy could be a virtual copy represented 
by the edits required to restore the true copy from the display copy.  Any of 
these would be tedious, error prone, and would make editing slower. I rejected 
the idea of making tabs visible with a special character for the same reason.

I looked at the tk Text doc to see if the line length limitation is mentioned.  
It is not that I could find ('2' occurs in the text, but no longer digit 
string).  It might be Windows-specific.  It is possible that there should be a 
new issue opened on the tcl/tk tracker, but more info should be collected 
first, to test on other OSes and directly with tcl/tk.  I have more pressing 
issues to work on ;-).

While looking, I read the entry on peer text widgets, which allow multiple 
views of the *same* underlying text data.  A peer can be restricted to a subset 
of lines but not part of a line or lines.  (There can also be different default 
fonts and insert cursor positions.)

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[issue28740] Add sys.getandroidapilevel()

[Xavier de Gaye]

Xavier de Gaye added the comment:

> getandroidapilevel-3.patch: Updated version of getandroidapilevel.patch: 
> replace "runtime" with "build time" in the doc :-) Remove also "version > 0" 
> check in support/__init__.py.

LGTM

> About the version > 0 check: would it make sense to add the check in 
> configure.ac? I guess that it was Xavier who wrote the test in 
> support/__init__.py?

The version > 0 check was done because sysconfig.get_config_var() returns 0 
when a variable is found as '#undef' in pyconfig.h.  As a reference, the list 
of the existing API levels with their corresponding Android versions and names:

  Android Version  ReleasedAPI Level  Name
  Android 7.1  October 201625 Nougat
  Android 7.0  August 2016 24 Nougat
  Android 6.0  August 2015 23 Marshmallow
  Android 5.1  March 2015  22 Lollipop
  Android 5.0  November 2014   21 Lollipop
  Android 4.4W June 2014   20 Kitkat Watch
  Android 4.4  October 201319 Kitkat
  Android 4.3  July 2013   18 Jelly Bean
  Android 4.2-4.2.2November 2012   17 Jelly Bean
  Android 4.1-4.1.1June 2012   16 Jelly Bean
  Android 4.0.3-4.0.4  December 2011   15 Ice Cream Sandwich
  Android 4.0-4.0.2October 201114 Ice Cream Sandwich
  Android 3.2  June 2011   13 Honeycomb
  Android 3.1.xMay 201112 Honeycomb
  Android 3.0.xFebruary 2011   11 Honeycomb
  Android 2.3.3-2.3.4  February 2011   10 Gingerbread
  Android 2.3-2.3.2November 2010   9  Gingerbread
  Android 2.2.xJune 2010   8  Froyo
  Android 2.1.xJanuary 20107  Eclair
  Android 2.0.1December 2009   6  Eclair
  Android 2.0  November 2009   5  Eclair
  Android 1.6  September 2009  4  Donut
  Android 1.5  May 20093  Cupcake
  Android 1.1  February 2009   2  Base
  Android 1.0  October 20081  Base

> I suggest to start to add sys.getandroidapilevel(), and then discuss how to 
> expose (or not) the runtime version.

Agreed and thanks for the patch Victor :)

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stage:  -> patch review

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[issue28854] FIPS mode causes dead-lock in ssl module

[Alex Gaynor]

Changes by Alex Gaynor :


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[issue28854] FIPS mode causes dead-lock in ssl module

[Christian Heimes]

Christian Heimes added the comment:

It's a dead lock in OpenSSL. :(

if (n == CRYPTO_LOCK_RAND) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s%s %i %s:%i\n",
(mode & CRYPTO_READ) ? "R" : "W",
(mode & CRYPTO_LOCK) ? "L" : "U",
n, file, line);
}

test_random (test.test_ssl.BasicSocketTests) ... RLCK 18 fips_drbg_rand.c:124
RUNL 18 fips_drbg_rand.c:126

 RAND_status is 1 (sufficient randomness)
WLCK 18 fips_drbg_rand.c:80
WUNL 18 fips_drbg_rand.c:109
WLCK 18 fips_drbg_rand.c:80
WUNL 18 fips_drbg_rand.c:109
WLCK 18 md_rand.c:230
WUNL 18 md_rand.c:262
WLCK 18 md_rand.c:311
WUNL 18 md_rand.c:324
RLCK 18 fips_drbg_rand.c:124
RUNL 18 fips_drbg_rand.c:126
WLCK 18 rand_lib.c:240
RLCK 18 fips_drbg_rand.c:124

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[issue27779] Sync-up docstrings in C version of the the decimal module

[Lisa Roach]

Lisa Roach added the comment:

This (should) be the patch with the python docstrings copied over to the C 
version.

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Re: Can json.dumps create multiple lines

[Tim Chase]

On 2016-12-01 17:30, Cecil Westerhof wrote:
> When I have a value dummy which contains:
> ['An array', 'with several strings', 'as a demo']
> Then json.dumps(dummy) would generate:
> '["An array", "with several strings", "as a demo"]'
> I would prefer when it would generate:
> '[
>  "An array",
>  "with several strings",
>  "as a demo"
>  ]'
> 
> Is this possible, or do I have to code this myself?

print(json.dumps(['An array', 'with several strings', 'as a demo'],
indent=0))

for the basics of what you ask, though you can change indent= to
indent the contents for readability.

-tkc



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Error In querying Genderize.io. Can someone please help

[handar94]

import requests
import json
names={'katty','Shean','Rajat'};
for name in names:
request_string="http://api.genderize.io/?"+name
r=requests.get(request_string)
result=json.loads(r.content)


Error---
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/user/PycharmProjects/untitled7/Mis1.py", line 7, in 
result=json.loads(r.content)
  File "C:\Users\user\Anaconda2\lib\json\__init__.py", line 339, in loads
return _default_decoder.decode(s)
  File "C:\Users\user\Anaconda2\lib\json\decoder.py", line 364, in decode
obj, end = self.raw_decode(s, idx=_w(s, 0).end())
  File "C:\Users\user\Anaconda2\lib\json\decoder.py", line 382, in raw_decode
raise ValueError("No JSON object could be decoded")
ValueError: No JSON object could be decoded

Can someone please help.
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Re: Can json.dumps create multiple lines

[Cecil Westerhof]

On Thursday  1 Dec 2016 22:52 CET, Cecil Westerhof wrote:

> Now I need to convert the database. But that should not be a big
> problem.

I did the conversion with:
cursor.execute('SELECT tipID FROM tips')
ids = cursor.fetchall()
for id in ids:
id = id[0]
cursor.execute('SELECT tip from tips WHERE tipID = ?', [id])
old_value = cursor.fetchone()[0]
new_value = json.dumps(json.loads(old_value), indent = 0)
cursor.execute('UPDATE tips SET tip = ? WHERE tipID = ?', [new_value, 
id])

-- 
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LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/cecilwesterhof
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[issue28740] Add sys.getandroidapilevel()

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

> The version > 0 check was done because sysconfig.get_config_var() returns 0 
> when a variable is found as '#undef' in pyconfig.h.

Oh right, I see. In this case, we don't need to have a special case in 
sys.getandroidapilevel().

I pushed getandroidapilevel-3.patch with a change: I added a small unit test. 
It checks that level > 0. I hesitated to also check for a maximum, but I'm not 
sure that it makes sense.

Xavier: can please double test that sys.getandroidapilevel() works on Android? 
If it's the case, we can move on the issue #28596 :-)

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[issue2771] Test issue

[Ezio Melotti]

Ezio Melotti added the comment:

Testing that the link to PR 46 works.
Pull Request 46 should also be a link.
PullRequest 46 too.
Generally you should just use PR46.

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Re: Can json.dumps create multiple lines

[Peter Otten]

Cecil Westerhof wrote:

> On Thursday  1 Dec 2016 22:52 CET, Cecil Westerhof wrote:
> 
>> Now I need to convert the database. But that should not be a big
>> problem.
> 
> I did the conversion with:
> cursor.execute('SELECT tipID FROM tips')
> ids = cursor.fetchall()
> for id in ids:
> id = id[0]
> cursor.execute('SELECT tip from tips WHERE tipID = ?', [id])
> old_value = cursor.fetchone()[0]
> new_value = json.dumps(json.loads(old_value), indent = 0)
> cursor.execute('UPDATE tips SET tip = ? WHERE tipID = ?',
> [new_value, id])

The sqlite3 module lets you define custom functions written in Python:

db = sqlite3.connect(...)
cs = db.cursor()
 
def convert(s):
return json.dumps(
json.loads(s),
indent=0
)

db.create_function("convert", 1, convert)
cs.execute("update tips set tip = convert(tip)")


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Re: correct way to catch exception with Python 'with' statement

[Ned Batchelder]

On Thursday, December 1, 2016 at 2:31:11 PM UTC-5, DFS wrote:
> After a simple test below, I submit that the above scenario would never 
> occur.  Ever.  The time gap between checking for the file's existence 
> and then trying to open it is far too short for another process to sneak 
> in and delete the file.

It doesn't matter how quickly the first operation is (usually) followed
by the second.  Your process could be swapped out between the two
operations. On a heavily loaded machine, there could be a very long
time between them even if on an average machine, they are executed very
quickly.

For most programs, yes, it probably will never be a problem to check
for existence, and then assume that the file still exists.  But put that
code on a server, and run it a couple of million times, with dozens of
other processes also manipulating files, and you will see failures.

How to best deal with this situation depends on what might happen to the
file, and how you can best coordinate with those other programs. Locks
only help if all the interfering programs also use those same locks. A
popular strategy is to simply use the file, and deal with the error that
happens if the file doesn't exist, though that might not make sense
depending on the logic of the program.  You might have to check that the
file exists, and then also deal with the (slim) possibility that it then
doesn't exist.

--Ned.
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[issue28740] Add sys.getandroidapilevel()

[Roundup Robot]

Roundup Robot added the comment:

New changeset be70d64bbf88 by Victor Stinner in branch 'default':
Add sys.getandroidapilevel()
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/be70d64bbf88

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Re: Error In querying Genderize.io. Can someone please help

[John Gordon]

In  handa...@gmail.com 
writes:

> import requests
> import json
> names={'katty','Shean','Rajat'};
> for name in names:
> request_string="http://api.genderize.io/?"+name
> r=requests.get(request_string)
> result=json.loads(r.content)

You're using http: instead of https:, and you're using ?katty instead
of ?name=katty, and therefore the host does not recognize your request
as an API call and redirects you to the normal webpage.

-- 
John Gordon   A is for Amy, who fell down the stairs
gor...@panix.com  B is for Basil, assaulted by bears
-- Edward Gorey, "The Gashlycrumb Tinies"

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[issue26363] __builtins__ propagation is misleading described in exec and eval documentation

[Xavier Combelle]

Xavier Combelle added the comment:

not an inconsisties but in the eval documentaion nothing specify that the 
builtins propagate between levels updates

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Re: Can json.dumps create multiple lines

[Cecil Westerhof]

On Thursday  1 Dec 2016 23:58 CET, Peter Otten wrote:

> Cecil Westerhof wrote:
>
>> On Thursday  1 Dec 2016 22:52 CET, Cecil Westerhof wrote:
>>
>>> Now I need to convert the database. But that should not be a big
>>> problem.
>>
>> I did the conversion with:
>> cursor.execute('SELECT tipID FROM tips')
>> ids = cursor.fetchall()
>> for id in ids:
>> id = id[0]
>> cursor.execute('SELECT tip from tips WHERE tipID = ?', [id])
>> old_value = cursor.fetchone()[0]
>> new_value = json.dumps(json.loads(old_value), indent = 0)
>> cursor.execute('UPDATE tips SET tip = ? WHERE tipID = ?',
>> [new_value, id])
>
> The sqlite3 module lets you define custom functions written in
> Python:
>
> db = sqlite3.connect(...)
> cs = db.cursor()
>
> def convert(s):
> return json.dumps(
> json.loads(s),
> indent=0
> )
>
> db.create_function("convert", 1, convert)
> cs.execute("update tips set tip = convert(tip)")

That is a lot better as what I did. Thank you.

-- 
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Senior Software Engineer
LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/cecilwesterhof
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Re: The Case Against Python 3

[Ned Batchelder]

On Thursday, December 1, 2016 at 9:03:46 AM UTC-5, Paul  Moore wrote:
> While I agree that f-strings are more dangerous than people will immediately 
> realise (the mere fact that we call them f-*strings* when they definitely 
> aren't strings is an example of that), the problem here is clearly (IMO) with 
> the sloppy checking in gettext.


Can you elaborate on the dangers as you see them?

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Re: OSError: [Errno 12] Cannot allocate memory

[duncan smith]

On 01/12/16 01:12, Chris Kaynor wrote:
> On Wed, Nov 30, 2016 at 4:54 PM, duncan smith  wrote:
>>
>> Thanks. So something like the following might do the job?
>>
>> def _execute(command):
>> p = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=False,
>>  stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
>>  stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
>>  close_fds=True)
>> out_data, err_data = p.communicate()
>> if err_data:
>> print err_data
> 
> I did not notice it when I sent my first e-mail (but noted it in my
> second one) that the docstring in to_image is presuming that
> shell=True. That said, as it seems everybody is at a loss to explain
> your issue, perhaps there is some oddity, and if everything appears to
> work with shell=False, it may be worth changing to see if it does fix
> the problem. With other information since provided, it is unlikely,
> however.
> 
> Not specifying the stdin may help, however it will only reduce the
> file handle count by 1 per call (from 2), so there is probably a root
> problem that it will not help.
> 
> I would expect the communicate change to fix the problem, except for
> your follow-up indicating that you had tried that before without
> success.
> 
> Removing the manual stdout.read may fix it, if the problem is due to
> hanging processes, but again, your follow-up indicates thats not the
> problem - you should have zombie processes if that were the case.
> 
> A few new questions that you have not answered (nor have they been
> asked in this thread): How much memory does your system have? Are you
> running a 32-bit or 64-bit Python? Is your Python process being run
> with any additional limitations via system commands (I don't know the
> command, but I know it exists; similarly, if launched from a third
> app, it could be placing limits)?
> 
> Chris
> 

8 Gig, 64 bit, no additional limitations (other than any that might be
imposed by IDLE). In this case the simulation does consume *a lot* of
memory, but that hasn't been the case when I've hit this in the past. I
suppose that could be the issue here. I'm currently seeing if I can
reproduce the problem after adding the p.communicate(), but it seems to
be using more memory than ever (dog slow and up to 5 Gig of swap). In
the meantime I'm going to try to refactor to reduce memory requirements
- and 32 Gig of DDR3 has been ordered. I'll also dig out some code that
generated the same problem before to see if I can reproduce it. Cheers.

Duncan

Duncan
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[issue23224] LZMADecompressor object is only initialized in __init__

[Aaron Hill]

Aaron Hill added the comment:

I've upload a patch which should address the issue in both the lzma and bz2 
modules.

--
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nosy: +Aaron1011
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file45730/fix-lzma-bz2-segfaults.patch

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Re: compile error when using override

[Ho Yeung Lee]

from __future__ import division 
import ast 
from sympy import * 
x, y, z, t = symbols('x y z t') 
k, m, n = symbols('k m n', integer=True) 
f, g, h = symbols('f g h', cls=Function) 
import inspect 
def op2(a,b): 
return a*b+a 

class AA(object):
@staticmethod
def __additionFunction__(a1, a2):
return a1*a2 #Put what you want instead of this
def __multiplyFunction__(a1, a2):
return a1*a2+a1 #Put what you want instead of this
def __divideFunction__(a1, a2):
return a1*a1*a2 #Put what you want instead of this
def __init__(self, value):
self.value = value
def __add__(self, other):
return self.value*other.value
def __mul__(self, other):
return self.value*other.value + other.value
def __div__(self, other):
return self.value*other.value*other.value

solve([AA(x)*AA(y) + AA(-1), AA(x) + AA(-2)], x, y)

>>> class AA(object):
... @staticmethod
... def __additionFunction__(a1, a2):
... return a1*a2 #Put what you want instead of this
... def __multiplyFunction__(a1, a2):
... return a1*a2+a1 #Put what you want instead of this
... def __divideFunction__(a1, a2):
... return a1*a1*a2 #Put what you want instead of this
... def __init__(self, value):
... self.value = value
... def __add__(self, other):
... return self.value*other.value
... def __mul__(self, other):
... return self.value*other.value + other.value
... def __div__(self, other):
... return self.value*other.value*other.value
...
>>> solve([AA(x)*AA(y) + AA(-1), AA(x) + AA(-2)], x, y)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'Add' and 'AA'


On Thursday, December 1, 2016 at 7:19:58 PM UTC+8, Steve D'Aprano wrote:
> On Thu, 1 Dec 2016 05:26 pm, Ho Yeung Lee wrote:
> 
> > import ast
> > from __future__ import division
> 
> That's not actually your code. That will be a SyntaxError.
> 
> Except in the interactive interpreter, "__future__" imports must be the very
> first line of code.
> 
> 
> > class A:
> >     @staticmethod
> >     def __additionFunction__(a1, a2):
> >         return a1*a2 #Put what you want instead of this
> 
> That cannot work in Python 2, because you are using a "classic"
> or "old-style" class. For staticmethod to work correctly, you need to
> inherit from object:
> 
> class A(object):
> ...
> 
> 
> Also, do not use double-underscore names for your own functions or methods.
> __NAME__ (two leading and two trailing underscores) are reserved for
> Python's internal use. You should not invent your own.
> 
> Why do you need this "additionFunction" method for? Why not put this in the
> __add__ method?
> 
> >   def __add__(self, other):
> >       return self.__class__.__additionFunction__(self.value, other.value)
> >   def __mul__(self, other):
> >       return self.__class__.__multiplyFunction__(self.value, other.value)
> 
> They should be:
> 
> def __add__(self, other):
> return self.additionFunction(self.value, other.value)
> 
> def __mul__(self, other):
> return self.multiplyFunction(self.value, other.value)
> 
> Or better:
> 
> def __add__(self, other):
> return self.value + other.value
> 
> def __mul__(self, other):
> return self.value * other.value
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> Steve
> “Cheer up,” they said, “things could be worse.” So I cheered up, and sure
> enough, things got worse.

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Re: Request Help With Byte/String Problem

[Wildman via Python-list]

On Wed, 30 Nov 2016 07:54:45 -0500, Dennis Lee Bieber wrote:

> On Tue, 29 Nov 2016 22:01:51 -0600, Wildman via Python-list
>  declaimed the following:
> 
>>I really appreciate your reply.  Your suggestion fixed that
>>problem, however, a new error appeared.  I am doing some
>>research to try to figure it out but no luck so far.
>>
>>Traceback (most recent call last):
>>  File "./ifaces.py", line 33, in 
>>ifs = all_interfaces()
>>  File "./ifaces.py", line 21, in all_interfaces
>>name = namestr[i:i+16].split('\0', 1)[0]
>>TypeError: Type str doesn't support the buffer API
> 
>   The odds are good that this is the same class of problem -- you are
> providing a Unicode string to a procedure that wants a byte-string (or vice
> versa)
> 
> https://docs.python.org/3/library/array.html?highlight=tostring#array.array.tostring

That helped.  Thanks.

-- 
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The cow died so I don't need your bull!
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Re: Request Help With Byte/String Problem

[Wildman via Python-list]

On Wed, 30 Nov 2016 14:39:02 +0200, Anssi Saari wrote:

> There'll be a couple more issues with the printing but they should be
> easy enough.

I finally figured it out, I think.  I'm not sure if my changes are
what you had in mind but it is working.  Below is the updated code.
Thank you for not giving me the answer.  I was a good learning
experience for me and that was my purpose in the first place.

def format_ip(addr):
return str(int(addr[0])) + '.' + \ # replace ord() with int()
   str(int(addr[1])) + '.' + \
   str(int(addr[2])) + '.' + \
   str(int(addr[3]))

ifs = all_interfaces()
for i in ifs: # added decode("utf-8")
print("%12s   %s" % (i[0].decode("utf-8"), format_ip(i[1])))

Thanks again!

-- 
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May the Source be with you.
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Re: correct way to catch exception with Python 'with' statement

[Ned Batchelder]

On Thursday, December 1, 2016 at 7:26:18 PM UTC-5, DFS wrote:
> On 12/01/2016 06:48 PM, Ned Batchelder wrote:
> > On Thursday, December 1, 2016 at 2:31:11 PM UTC-5, DFS wrote:
> >> After a simple test below, I submit that the above scenario would never
> >> occur.  Ever.  The time gap between checking for the file's existence
> >> and then trying to open it is far too short for another process to sneak
> >> in and delete the file.
> >
> > It doesn't matter how quickly the first operation is (usually) followed
> > by the second.  Your process could be swapped out between the two
> > operations. On a heavily loaded machine, there could be a very long
> > time between them
> 
> 
> How is it possible that the 'if' portion runs, then 44/100,000ths of a 
> second later my process yields to another process which deletes the 
> file, then my process continues.

A modern computer is running dozens or hundreds (or thousands!) of
processes "all at once". How they are actually interleaved on the
small number of actual processors is completely unpredictable. There
can be an arbitrary amount of time passing between any two processor
instructions.

I'm assuming you've measured this program on your own computer, which
was relatively idle at the moment.  This is hardly a good stress test
of how the program might execute under more burdened conditions.

> 
> Is that governed by the dreaded GIL?
> 
> "The mechanism used by the CPython interpreter to assure that only one 
> thread executes Python bytecode at a time."
> 
> But I see you posted a stack-overflow answer:
> 
> "In the case of CPython's GIL, the granularity is a bytecode 
> instruction, so execution can switch between threads at any bytecode."
> 
> Does that mean "chars=f.read().lower()" could get interrupted between 
> the read() and the lower()?

Yes.  But even more importantly, the Python interpreter is itself a
C program, and it can be interrupted between any two instructions, and
another program on the computer could run instead.  That other program
can fiddle with files on the disk.

> 
> I read something interesting last night:
> https://www.jeffknupp.com/blog/2012/03/31/pythons-hardest-problem/
> 
> "In the new GIL, a hard timeout is used to instruct the current thread 
> to give up the lock. When a second thread requests the lock, the thread 
> currently holding it is compelled to release it after 5ms (that is, it 
> checks if it needs to release it every 5ms)."
> 
> With a 5ms window, it seems the following code would always protect the 
> file from being deleted between lines 4 and 5.
> 
> 
> 1 import os,threading
> 2 f_lock=threading.Lock()
> 3 with f_lock:
> 4   if os.path.isfile(filename):
> 5 with open(filename,'w') as f:
> 6   process(f)
> 
> 

You seem to be assuming that the program that might delete the file
is the same program trying to read the file.  I'm not assuming that.
My Python program might be trying to read the file at the same time
that a cron job is running a shell script that is trying to delete
the file.

> Also, this is just theoretical (I hope).  It would be terrible system 
> design if all those dozens of processes were reading and writing and 
> deleting the same file.

If you can design your system so that you know for sure no one else
is interested in fiddling with your file, then you have an easier
problem.  So far, that has not been shown to be the case. I'm
talking more generally about a program that can't assume those
constraints.

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[issue28852] sorted(range(1000)) is slower in Python 3.7 compared to Python 3.5

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

On my laptop, the revision introducing the performance regression is:
---
changeset:   101858:5a62d682636e
user:Brett Cannon 
date:Fri Jun 10 14:37:21 2016 -0700
files:   Doc/library/os.rst Lib/test/test_os.py Misc/NEWS 
Modules/posixmodule.c
description:
Issue #27186: Add os.PathLike support to DirEntry

Initial patch thanks to Jelle Zijlstra.
---

This change is unrelated to sorted(list). It looks more like a "random 
performance" caused by code placement:

* https://haypo.github.io/analysis-python-performance-issue.html
* https://haypo.github.io/journey-to-stable-benchmark-deadcode.html

According to perf record/perf report, the benchmark spends most of its time in 
PyObject_RichCompareBool() and long_richcompare():

Overhead  Command  Shared Object   Symbol
  41,98%  python   python  [.] PyObject_RichCompareBool
  35,36%  python   python  [.] long_richcompare
   8,52%  python   python  [.] listsort
   6,29%  python   python  [.] listextend
   5,31%  python   python  [.] list_dealloc

So I guess that the exact code placement of these two functions has a 
"signifiant" impact on performance. "Significant":

* rev b0be24a2f16c (fast): Median +- std dev: 15.0 us +- 0.1 us
* rev 5a62d682636e (slow): Median +- std dev: 16.3 us +- 0.0 us

The revision 5a62d682636e makes sorted(list) 9% slower.

--

Enabling PGO on compilation should help to get a more reliable code placement, 
and so more stable performances.

I suggest to close this issue as NOTABUG: ./configure --with-pgo should already 
fix this issue.

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[issue23507] Tuple creation is too slow

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

>  I opened a new issue #28852 to track this performance regression.

So can I close again this issue?

--
resolution:  -> fixed
status: open -> closed

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[issue28855] Compiler warnings in _PyObject_CallArg1()

[STINNER Victor]

New submission from STINNER Victor:

_PyObject_CallArg1() is the following macro:
---
#define _PyObject_CallArg1(func, arg) \
_PyObject_FastCall((func), &(arg), 1)
---

It works well in most cases, but my change 8f258245c391 or change b9c9691c72c5 
added compiler warnings, because an argument which is not directly a PyObject* 
type is passed as "arg".

I tried to cast in the caller: _PyObject_CallArg1(func, (PyObject*)arg), but 
sadly it doesn't work :-( I get a compiler error.

Another option is to cast after "&" in the macro:
---
 #define _PyObject_CallArg1(func, arg) \
-_PyObject_FastCall((func), &(arg), 1)
+_PyObject_FastCall((func), (PyObject **)&(arg), 1)
---

This option may hide real bugs, so I dislike it.

A better option is to stop using ugly C macros and use a modern static inline 
function: see attached static_inline.patch. This patch casts to PyObject* 
before calling _PyObject_CallArg1() to fix warnings.

The question is if compilers are able to emit efficient code for static inline 
functions using "&" on an argument. I wrote the macro to implement the "&" 
optimization: convert a PyObject* to a stack of arguments: C array of PyObject* 
objects.

--
files: static_inline.patch
keywords: patch
messages: 282212
nosy: benjamin.peterson, haypo, serhiy.storchaka
priority: normal
severity: normal
status: open
title: Compiler warnings in _PyObject_CallArg1()
versions: Python 3.7
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file45729/static_inline.patch

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[issue28856] %b format for bytes does not support objects that follow the buffer protocol

[Alexander Belopolsky]

New submission from Alexander Belopolsky:

Python 3.7.0a0 (default:be70d64bbf88, Dec  1 2016, 21:21:25)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.42.1)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from array import array
>>> a = array('B', [1, 2])
>>> b'%b' % a
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
TypeError: %b requires bytes, or an object that implements __bytes__, not 
'array.array'
>>> m = memoryview(a)
>>> b'%b' % m
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
TypeError: %b requires bytes, or an object that implements __bytes__, not 
'memoryview'

Accorfing to documentation [1] objects that follow the buffer protocol should 
be supported.  Both array.array and memoryview follow the buffer protocol.

[1]: 
https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#printf-style-bytes-formatting


See also issue 20284 and PEP 461.

--
messages: 282215
nosy: belopolsky
priority: normal
severity: normal
stage: test needed
status: open
title: %b format for bytes does not support objects that follow the buffer 
protocol
type: behavior

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[issue28858] Fastcall uses more C stack

[STINNER Victor]

New submission from STINNER Victor:

Serhiy Storchaka reported that Python 3.6 crashs earlier than Python 3.5 on 
calling json.dumps() when sys.setrecursionlimit() is increased.

I tested the script he wrote. Results on Python built in release mode:

Python 3.7:

...
58100 116204
Segmentation fault (core dumped)

Python 3.6:

...
74800 149604
Segmentation fault (core dumped)

Python 3.5:

...
74700 149404
Segmentation fault (core dumped)

Oh, it seems like Python 3.7 does crash earlier.

But to be clear, it's hard to control the usage of the C stack.

--
files: stack_overflow.py
messages: 282228
nosy: haypo
priority: normal
severity: normal
status: open
title: Fastcall uses more C stack
versions: Python 3.7
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file45731/stack_overflow.py

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[issue28740] Add sys.getandroidapilevel()

[Xavier de Gaye]

Xavier de Gaye added the comment:

Here is the output of getandroidapilevel(), a verbose run of test_sys and a run 
of the test suite on the Android x86 emulator API 21. All the results are as 
expected, the failed tests are the usual ones, BTW all of the failed tests have 
either a patch ready to be commited as soon as the 3.6.1 branch is created, or 
have a patch ready, pending a review.

root@generic_x86:/data/data/org.bitbucket.pyona # python
Python 3.7.0a0 (default:96245d4af0ca+, Dec  2 2016, 07:59:12)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Android Clang 3.8.256229 ] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys
>>> sys.getandroidapilevel()
21
>>>

===
root@generic_x86:/data/data/org.bitbucket.pyona # python -m test -v test_sys
...
test_getandroidapilevel (test.test_sys.SysModuleTest) ... ok
...
Ran 45 tests in 2.567s

OK (skipped=3)
1 test OK.

Total duration: 3 sec
Tests result: SUCCESS

===
root@generic_x86:/data/data/org.bitbucket.pyona # python -m test
...
358 tests OK.

8 tests failed:
test_asyncio test_cmd_line test_pathlib test_pwd test_site
test_socket test_tarfile test_warnings

38 tests skipped:
test_asdl_parser test_concurrent_futures test_crypt test_curses
test_dbm_gnu test_dbm_ndbm test_devpoll test_gdb test_grp
test_idle test_kqueue test_lzma test_msilib
test_multiprocessing_fork test_multiprocessing_forkserver
test_multiprocessing_main_handling test_multiprocessing_spawn
test_nis test_ossaudiodev test_smtpnet test_socketserver test_spwd
test_startfile test_tcl test_timeout test_tix test_tk
test_ttk_guionly test_ttk_textonly test_turtle test_urllib2net
test_urllibnet test_wait3 test_winconsoleio test_winreg
test_winsound test_xmlrpc_net test_zipfile64

Total duration: 20 min 31 sec
Tests result: FAILURE

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[issue23507] Tuple creation is too slow

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

haypo: "status: open -> closed"

Oops, it's a mistake, sorry. I only wanted to ask the question, not to close 
the issue.

Serhiy Storchaka: "No, I'm referring to the crashing. The code that worked 
before your changes now are crashing."

Sorry, I didn't notice that you attached a script! I opened the issue #28858.

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[issue28855] Compiler warnings in _PyObject_CallArg1()

[Benjamin Peterson]

Benjamin Peterson added the comment:

I also think forcing callers to cast is fine. Most of our APIs require PyObject 
*.

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What do you think: good idea to launch a marketplace on python+django?

[Gus_G]

Hello, what do you think about building a marketplace website on connection of 
python+django? End effect-side should look and work similar to these: 
https://zoptamo.com/uk/s-abs-c-uk, https://www.ownerdirect.com/ . What are your 
opinions on this idea? Maybe there is other, better way to build it?
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[issue28740] Add sys.getandroidapilevel()

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

@Xavier: Cool, thanks for checking :-) I don't have access to an Android 
platform yet.

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resolution:  -> fixed
status: open -> closed

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[issue28833] cross compilation of third-party extension modules

[Chi Hsuan Yen]

Chi Hsuan Yen added the comment:

Well, cross compiling extension modules already works fine...

$ _PYTHON_SYSCONFIGDATA_NAME=_sysconfigdata_m_linux_aarch64-linux-android 
PYTHONHOME=~/Projects/python3-android/build/21-aarch64-linux-android-4.9/usr 
python3.7 setup.py build_ext
running build_ext
building 'xx' extension
creating build
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7
/opt/android-ndk/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/clang 
-Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 
-Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -target aarch64-none-linux-android -gcc-toolchain 
/opt/android-ndk/toolchains/aarch64-linux-android-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64 
--sysroot=/opt/android-ndk/platforms/android-21/arch-arm64/usr -fPIE 
-fno-integrated-as -target aarch64-none-linux-android -gcc-toolchain 
/opt/android-ndk/toolchains/aarch64-linux-android-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64 
--sysroot=/opt/android-ndk/platforms/android-21/arch-arm64/usr -fPIE 
-fno-integrated-as -fPIC 
-I/home/yen/Projects/python3-android/build/21-aarch64-linux-android-4.9/usr/include/python3.7m
 -c xxmodule.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/xxmodule.o
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
/opt/android-ndk/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/clang -shared 
-target aarch64-none-linux-android -gcc-toolchain 
/opt/android-ndk/toolchains/aarch64-linux-android-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64 
--sysroot=/opt/android-ndk/platforms/android-21/arch-arm64/usr -pie 
-L/home/yen/Projects/python3-android/build/21-aarch64-linux-android-4.9/usr/lib 
-target aarch64-none-linux-android -gcc-toolchain 
/opt/android-ndk/toolchains/aarch64-linux-android-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64 
--sysroot=/opt/android-ndk/platforms/android-21/arch-arm64/usr -pie 
-L/home/yen/Projects/python3-android/build/21-aarch64-linux-android-4.9/usr/lib 
build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/xxmodule.o -o 
build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/xx.cpython-37m-aarch64-linux-android.so
clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-pie'
clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-pie'

And it's running fine, too:

$ adb push build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/xx.cpython-37m-aarch64-linux-android.so 
/data/local/tmp
[100%] /data/local/tmp/xx.cpython-37m-aarch64-linux-android.so

$ adb shell
shell@ASUS_Z00E_2:/ $ cd /data/local/tmp
shell@ASUS_Z00E_2:/data/local/tmp $ . ./python3/tools/env.sh
shell@ASUS_Z00E_2:/data/local/tmp $ python3.7m
Python 3.7.0a0 (default:3d660ed2a60e+, Nov 23 2016, 20:22:14) 
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Android Clang 3.8.256229 ] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import xx
>>> xx

>>>

Here's my xxmodule.c:

#include "Python.h"

PyDoc_STRVAR(module_doc,
"This is a template module just for instruction.");

static struct PyModuleDef xxmodule = {
PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
"xx",
module_doc,
0,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL
};

PyMODINIT_FUNC
PyInit_xx(void)
{
return PyModuleDef_Init();
}

And setup.py:

from distutils.core import setup, Extension

module1 = Extension('xx',
sources=['xxmodule.c'])

setup(name='PackageName',
  version='1.0',
  description='This is a demo package',
  ext_modules=[module1])

Both the host and target Python are built from a6e59a2e880e

There's a little bug in the built filename: 
build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/xx.cpython-37m-aarch64-linux-android.so, which 
should be build/lib.linux-aarch64-3.7/xx.cpython-37m-aarch64-linux-android.so.

Also, I guess there may be quirks if NDK or the cross-built CPython is at 
different locations than built-time configurations. Those issues can be left to 
the future.

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[issue28833] cross compilation of third-party extension modules

[Xavier de Gaye]

Xavier de Gaye added the comment:

$ _PYTHON_SYSCONFIGDATA_NAME=_sysconfigdata_m_linux_aarch64-linux-android 
PYTHONHOME=~/Projects/python3-android/build/21-aarch64-linux-android-4.9/usr 
python3.7 setup.py build_ext
>

Variables prefixed by an underscore such as '_PYTHON_SYSCONFIGDATA_NAME' are 
private, please do not use them, they may be changed or removed at any time.

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[issue28849] do not define sys.implementation._multiarch on Android

[Xavier de Gaye]

New submission from Xavier de Gaye:

Android is not a multiarch system and the unix build system can cross compile 
non-multiarch systems as well as multiarch systems.  This is a follow up of the 
decisions implemented in issue 28046 and the patch fixes also an oversight made 
in this issue in Makefile.pre.in.

Also tested with the patch in issue 28833 that implements cross compilation of 
third-party extension modules.
Please run autoconf after installing the patch.

--
assignee: xdegaye
components: Cross-Build
files: android_multiarch.patch
keywords: patch
messages: 282140
nosy: Alex.Willmer, Chi Hsuan Yen, doko, haypo, ned.deily, xdegaye, zach.ware
priority: normal
severity: normal
stage: patch review
status: open
title: do not define sys.implementation._multiarch on Android
type: behavior
versions: Python 3.6, Python 3.7
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file45717/android_multiarch.patch

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[issue28740] Add sys.getandroidapilevel()

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

getandroidapilevel-3.patch: Updated version of getandroidapilevel.patch: 
replace "runtime" with "build time" in the doc :-) Remove also "version > 0" 
check in support/__init__.py.

About the version > 0 check: would it make sense to add the check in 
configure.ac? I guess that it was Xavier who wrote the test in 
support/__init__.py?

--
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file45718/getandroidapilevel-3.patch

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[issue28740] Add sys.getandroidapilevel()

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

I suggest to start to add sys.getandroidapilevel(), and then discuss how to 
expose (or not) the runtime version.

Reminder: The first step is to have a working Python on Android. I opened this 
issue to fix the issue #28596. Getting the runtime version is a new 
Android-specific version, it can be done later.

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[issue11145] '%o' % user-defined instance

[Roundup Robot]

Roundup Robot added the comment:

New changeset adb296e4bcaa by Serhiy Storchaka in branch '2.7':
Issue #11145: Fixed miscellaneous issues with C-style formatting of types
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/adb296e4bcaa

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Re: Merge Two List of Dict

[Peter Otten]

Nikhil Verma wrote:

> Hey guys
> 
> What is the most optimal and pythonic solution forthis situation
> 
> A = [{'person_id': '1', 'adop_count': '2'}, {'person_id': '3',
> 'adop_count': '4'}]
> *len(A) might be above 10L*
> 
> B = [{'person_id': '1', 'village_id': '3'}, {'person_id': '3',
> 'village_id': '4'}]
> *len(B) might be above 20L*
> 
> 
> OutPut List should be
> 
> C = B = [{'adop_count': '2', 'village_id': '3'}, {'adop_count': '4',
> 'village_id': '4'}]
> 
> Thanks in advance

Build a lookup table that maps person_id to village_id:

>>> A = [{'person_id': '1', 'adop_count': '2'}, {'person_id': '3',
... 'adop_count': '4'}]
>>> B = [{'person_id': '1', 'village_id': '3'}, {'person_id': '3',
... 'village_id': '4'}]
>>> p2v = {item["person_id"]: item["village_id"] for item in B}
>>> assert len(B) == len(p2v), "duplicate person_id"
>>> import collections
>>> v2a = collections.defaultdict(int)
>>> for item in A:
... v2a[p2v[item["person_id"]]] += int(item["adop_count"])
... 
>>> [{"adop_count": str(v), "village_id": k} for k, v in v2a.items()]
[{'adop_count': '4', 'village_id': '4'}, {'adop_count': '2', 'village_id': 
'3'}]

If the data stems from a database you can run (untested)

select B.village_id, sum(A.adop_count) from A inner join B on A.person_id = 
B.person_id;

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[issue17490] Improve ast.literal_eval test suite coverage

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Serhiy Storchaka added the comment:

I agreed with Raymond, the current version of the code looks clearer.

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[issue28839] _PyFunction_FastCallDict(): replace PyTuple_New() with PyMem_Malloc()

[STINNER Victor]

Changes by STINNER Victor :


Removed file: http://bugs.python.org/file45720/bench_fastcalldict.py

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[issue28839] _PyFunction_FastCallDict(): replace PyTuple_New() with PyMem_Malloc()

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

(Oops, I attached the wrong benchmark script. It's now fixed.)

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[issue28839] _PyFunction_FastCallDict(): replace PyTuple_New() with PyMem_Malloc()

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

bench_fastcalldict.py: hardcore microbenchmark on _PyFunction_FastCallDict(). 
Pass keyword arguments to the tp_init slot of a Python constructor. Result for 
1, 5 and 10 keyword arguments:

kw1: Median +- std dev: [ref] 329 ns +- 21 ns -> [patch] 306 ns +- 17 ns: 1.07x 
faster (-7%)
kw5: Median +- std dev: [ref] 508 ns +- 22 ns -> [patch] 481 ns +- 25 ns: 1.05x 
faster (-5%)
kw10: Median +- std dev: [ref] 829 ns +- 45 ns -> [patch] 805 ns +- 39 ns: 
1.03x faster (-3%)

As expected, the difference is small, but it's faster :-) Indirect benefit is 
that the garbage collector should be less stressed :-) (tuples are tracked by 
the GC.)

Note: Using a simple printf() in the C code, I noticed that it is not uncommon 
that _PyFunction_FastCallDict() is called with an empty dictionary for keyword 
arguments. Without the patch, an empty tuple was created. With my patch, 
"unpack" the empty dictionary costs nothing.

--
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file45720/bench_fastcalldict.py

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[issue28755] Rework syntax highlighing in howto/clinic.rst

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Serhiy Storchaka added the comment:

> (Ned asked for only release-critical changes to go into 3.6 at the moment.)

Except the documentation changes.

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Re: Merge Two List of Dict

[Tim Chase]

On 2016-12-01 12:44, Nikhil Verma wrote:
> A = [{'person_id': '1', 'adop_count': '2'}, {'person_id': '3',
> 'adop_count': '4'}]
> *len(A) might be above 10L*
> 
> B = [{'person_id': '1', 'village_id': '3'}, {'person_id': '3',
> 'village_id': '4'}]
> *len(B) might be above 20L*
> 
> 
> OutPut List should be
> 
> C = B = [{'adop_count': '2', 'village_id': '3'}, {'adop_count': '4',
> 'village_id': '4'}]

You omit some details that would help:

- what happened to "person_id" in the results?  Just drop it?

- can duplicates of "person_id" appear in either A or B?  If so, what
  should happen in the output?

- can a "person_id" appear in A or B but not appear in the other?

- is A always just person_id/adop_count and is B always
  person_id/village_id, or can other data appear in (or be absent
  from) each dict?

Your answers would change the implementation details.

-tkc


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[issue26363] __builtins__ propagation is misleading described in exec and eval documentation

[Xavier Combelle]

Xavier Combelle added the comment:

Hi Julien,

You are fully right that it is the builtin module dictionnary which is inserted 
in eval or exec context.

However, if a "__builtins__" entry is passed to eval or exec, this builtin 
module dictionnary is modified hence the following work: 

>>> d={"tata":"tata"}
>>> print(eval("tata",{'__builtins__':d}))
tata

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[issue17490] Improve ast.literal_eval test suite coverage

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan added the comment:

Right, the only reason this is still open is because I thought the extra test 
cases might be interesting in their own right (just not interesting enough to 
sit down and apply).

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[issue28847] dumbdbm should not commit if in read mode

[Jonathan Ng]

Jonathan Ng added the comment:

I'm not sure how to create an OSError.

But perhaps something like this:

'''
from dbm import dumb
import os

db = dumb.open('temp', flag='n')
db['foo'] = 'bar'
db.close()

db = dumb.open('temp', flag='r')
print(len(db.keys()))
db.close

os.rename('temp.dir', 'temp_.dir') # simulates OSError
db = dumb.open('temp', flag='r')
os.rename('temp_.dir', 'temp.dir')
db.close()

db = dumb.open('temp', flag='r')
assert len(db.keys()) > 0
'''

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[issue11145] '%o' % user-defined instance

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Changes by Serhiy Storchaka :


--
resolution:  -> fixed
stage: patch review -> resolved
status: open -> closed

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Re: Merge Two List of Dict

[Peter Otten]

Peter Otten wrote:

> If the data stems from a database you can run (untested)
> 
> select B.village_id, sum(A.adop_count) from A inner join B on A.person_id
> = B.person_id;
> 

Oops, I forgot the group-by clause:

select B.village_id, sum(A.adop_count) 
from A inner join B on A.person_id = B.person_id 
group by B.village_id;

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[issue28840] IDLE not handling long lines correctly

[piotr.sk]

piotr.sk added the comment:

Thank you for explanation of the background problem. Updating documentation as 
you mention is a good next step.

Thanks as well for the proposed solution of splitting the input string, but as 
long as it is just a display issue, this is not needed for test strings. 

On the other side, given tkinter limitations of displaying lines longer than 
2728 characters, I propose following solution for IDLE:
If line to display is longer than 2728 characters (or whatever limit you set, 
let’s call it X), by default replace it with a line of X-3 initial characters 
followed by ”...” (internally, just for displaying purposes ;-)). As long as 
the current cursor position is not beyond X-3 column (99.99% of time working 
with the script), display the truncated line.  

This will avoid confusion, as users will not see “empty”/”strange” lines 
browsing through the code and if someone really wants to manually edit 
character after the X-3 column, the display will be adapted accordingly.

Let me know what you think about it.

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[issue28839] _PyFunction_FastCallDict(): replace PyTuple_New() with PyMem_Malloc()

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Serhiy Storchaka added the comment:

I agree with Josh, PyTuple_New() can be faster than PyMem_Malloc() due to tuple 
free list. small_stack increases C stack consumption even for calls without 
keyword arguments. This is serious problem since we can't control stack 
overflow.

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[issue26483] docs unclear on difference between str.isdigit() and str.isdecimal()

[Julien Palard]

Julien Palard added the comment:

“digits which do not form decimal radix forms”

> “forming a form” seems a long way of saying very little. The difference seems 
> a bit vague

> I gather that digits not in the Unicode “decimal digit” category are often 
> (always?) still decimal digits

I expected them not to, but they often are representative of a base 10 value:

>>> import sys
>>> import unicodedata
>>> chars = ''.join(map(chr, range(sys.maxunicode+1)))
>>> decimals = ''.join(filter(str.isdecimal, chars))
>>> digits = ''.join(filter(str.isdigit, chars))
>>> non_decimal_digits = set(digits) - set(decimals)
>>> from collections import Counter
>>> Counter([unicodedata.digit(char) for char in non_decimal_digits])
Counter({1: 15, 2: 14, 3: 14, 4: 14, 5: 13, 6: 13, 7: 13, 8: 13, 9: 13, 0: 6})

But, note that there's one more in the range [1,4], it's the 
[Kharosthi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharosthi) numbers, they do not use 
base 10 but a notation reminiscent of Roman numerals.

So here, clearly, all digits are not an notation for a base 10 value.
 
> but primarily used for a symbolic or typographical meaning more than in a 
> plain number, e.g. superscripts, subscripts and other fonts, added circles 
> and other decorations.

Which also can't be used to form a base 10 number.

So here is another proposition for isdecimal, probably more human friendly:

Return true if all characters in the string are decimal
characters and there is at least one character, false
otherwise. Decimal characters are those that can be used to form
numbers in base 10, e.g. U+0660, ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT
ZERO. Formally a decimal character is a character in the Unicode
General Category "Nd".

And here is another proposition for isdigit, probably friendlier too:

Return true if all characters in the string are digits and there is at 
least one
character, false otherwise.  Digits include decimal characters and digits 
that need
special handling, such as the compatibility superscript digits.
This covers digits which cannot be used to form numbers in base 10, like 
the Kharosthi numbers.
Formally, a digit is a character that has the property value
Numeric_Type=Digit or Numeric_Type=Decimal.

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[issue28833] cross compilation of third-party extension modules

[Chi Hsuan Yen]

Chi Hsuan Yen added the comment:

I know. I guess it can be determined without manually specifying but haven't 
investigated into details. Maybe some patches are necessary.

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[issue28838] Uniformize argument names of "call" functions (C API)

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Serhiy Storchaka added the comment:

> * Callable object: callable, o, callable_object => func

The original names better describes the argument type in functions like 
PyObject_Call(). It works not just with functions, but with arbitrary 
callables. For example it is used with type objects for creating instances.

> * Method name: name or nameid => method

The parameter is not a *method object*, but a method *name*. You have to pass 
an object and a method names to call a method.

> Serhiy: Can you please elaborate "Other changes looks not well justified 
> too."?

Renaming obj to arg0 looks questionable to me. I would rather rename func to 
method (this is a true unbound method, not method name as in 
PyObject_CallMethod()).

It would be better to uniformize parameter names in the documentation (and 
perhaps in headers) and left sources untouched unless we rewrite particular 
functions. Otherwise it looks as code churn. It would be nice to formalize 
naming rules in PEP 7.

See also issue18697.

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[issue27286] str object got multiple values for keyword argument

[Shai Berger]

Shai Berger added the comment:

Following the last comment, and just as clarification for anyone else running 
into this and thinking like me: The bumped code is not included in v3.5.2, and 
v3.5.3 hasn't been released yet. Should it be undone?

No, because the bump which was encountered by John Ehresman on Debian Testing 
has also made it into Ubuntu 16.04LTS. Undoing it, at this point, is liable to 
bring even worse breakage than the original change caused.

http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs/pool/main/p/python3.5/python3.5_3.5.2-2ubuntu0~16.04.1/changelog

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nosy: +shai

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[issue28849] do not define sys.implementation._multiarch on Android

[Chi Hsuan Yen]

Chi Hsuan Yen added the comment:

Actually all UNIX-like platforms now have non-empty 
sys.implementation._multiarch now (msg273875). An idea is renaming it to 
something like target_architecture to make things clearer. It will be a triplet 
on all system, whether cross-built or not.

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