[Vo]:RE: f13C or faux13C

[JonesBeene]

In prior thread, the premise was suggested that there are two different species 
(allotropes) of carbon which are being called carbon-13. One of the two species 
is the normal isotope with 7 neutrons, but the second is carbon-12 with a 
deeply embedded proton of UDH (the ultra-dense hydrogen) of Holmlid. 

This result has happened with some types of carbon during the 100 million year 
formation process of decay from ancient vegetation under pressure in coal beds, 
especially anthracite and mineral graphite. This type of coal is often used to 
manufacture the kinds of graphite where physical anomalies have been witnessed. 

Here is another piece of evidence which points to a thermal anomaly with carbon 
which could be explained with this hypothesis. (Thanks to Can for the link)
The Replication of an Experiment Which Produced Anomalous Excess Energy.pdf
More on those details later…



Here is a premise which may be worth consideration, even if the evidence for it 
is not yet certain and the details are fluid. After all, this is vortex – not 
Fusion Technology… plus… the proposition is falsifiable, should it gather any 
traction.

The premise involves the isotope carbon-13 and its abundance/identity. Standard 
physics says that 13C is 1.1% of all carbon. However, in fossils the ratio can 
range from as high as 5% to almost neglible. This shouldn’t happen with a true 
isotope. Likewise many plants either exclude it via fractionation or else 
exploit it (as they have vastly different signatures). Anomalies of 13C are 
also huge in meteorites –larger than other common elements such as iron. This 
variability of isotope ratios is problematic but has been “kept in the closet” 
so to speak - since one technique for dating of fossils depends on the 
assumption of a steady ratio.

The present premise - which attempts to explain the isotope anomalies and other 
oddities of carbon (esp magnetic) is that some of the apparent 13C in nature is 
not really an isotope at all - but instead is normal 12C plus UDH tightly bound 
as a unit – to be explained. If even a few ppm were not isotopic, then among 
other things, the economics of coal and coal cleaning become favorable.

The work of Leif Holmlid and others has suggested the possibility of a very 
dense form of hydrogen labeled as UDH or ultradense hydrogen. The hydrogen 
isomer could act more like a neutron in properties than atomic hydrogen and has 
been called a “virtual neutron.” In a departure from Holmlid, Miley has 
suggested that a version of this species is inverted and mobile as a single 
neutron-like unit instead of as a cluster. Then… there is Mills who has a 
charged version with an extra electron. All of these views can be merged.

The lifetime of this species could be very long. The compact spatial dimension 
would indicate that UDH could “nest” in the inner orbital of a few host low Z 
atoms of the proper IP resonance. UDH- (aka hydrino hydride) when bound as 13C 
would increase by only one part in 100,000 the dimensions of a carbon atom, and 
would not drastically affect the redox chemistry of the host. The host atoms 
would have a measured mass increase of 1 AMU. 

Thus a measureable mass difference (deficit) exists between this faux-13C and 
true 13C to provide a way to validate or falsify this suggestion. 
Falsifiability is most important if this is to gain traction.

When hydrogen is densified catalytically into UDH – which would be expected 
under the parameters of coal formation for instance… decaying vegetation 
provides all the ingredients, even the iron oxide catalyst. A new type of 
compressed molecular species becomes what is measured as 13C. Thus, we have a 
natural process, aided by a catalyst (iron oxide)which would present a tight 
molecule of supposed AMU 13 which would not be broken by normal ionization in a 
mass spectrometer (although other electrons would ionize). The UDH- would be 
bound at ~490 eV. 

It might be possible to harvest the "faux-13C” (f13C) from crushed coal using 
magnetic (diamagnetic) separation of coal nano-powder. The f13C could have very 
valuable properties due to the potential energy of the UDH. 

One aim of this – if you haven’t guessed it, is to find a both a additional 
source of LENR energy and also a way to justify the cost of extreme 
nano-cleaning of coal… rather the BS we hear from the coal industry about 
“clean coal”. 

Re: [Vo]:Sound Pulses Exceed Speed of Light

[Lennart Thornros]

On Sep 3, 2017 11:09 PM, "Kevin O'Malley"  wrote:

> They did.   See article below.
>
> Physicists Demonstrate Record Breaking Long-Distance Quantum
> Entanglement in Space
> Futurism.com ^
> Posted on 9/2/2017, 8:35:07 PM by TBP
>
> IN BRIEF
>
> Chinese physicists managed to demonstrate long-distance quantum
> entanglement in space, breaking previous records. This development,
> made possible by a novel method, could lead to improved information
> storage and transfer in the future. SPOOKY ACTION GETS TO SPACE
>
> When it comes to weird science stuff, quantum entanglement is probably
> near the top of the list, especially back in the days when Einstein
> referred to it as that “spooky action at a distance.” Physicists have
> since demonstrated the “spooky” phenomenon to be possible, but now
> they want to extend its reach. A new study shows it’s possible for
> quantum entanglement to span far longer distances than previously
> demonstrated.
>
> “We have demonstrated the distribution of two entangled photons from a
> satellite to two ground stations that are 1,203 kilometers [748 miles]
> apart,” lead author Juan Yin, physicist at the Science and Technology
> University of China in Shanghai, explained in a research paper
> published in the journal Science. The previous record for entanglement
> distribution reached only 100 kilometers (62 miles).
>
> Yin’s team used the Micius, the world’s first quantum-enabled
> satellite which China launched in 2016, to transmit entangled photons
> to several ground stations separated by long distances. They managed
> to achieve this feat by using laser beams to prevent the light
> particles from getting lost as they traveled.
>
> “The result again confirms the nonlocal feature of entanglement and
> excludes the models of reality that rest on the notions of locality
> and realism,” Yin and his colleagues wrote.
>
> WIDENING POSSIBILITIES
>
> Though quantum entanglement is incredibly complex, it’s possible to
> explain it in simple terms. Two or more particles are entangled or
> linked when a change in one’s state or properties instantaneously
> affects the other’s. What makes this stranger is that this link works
> regardless of distance. This phenomenon becomes particularly useful in
> storing information — as in the case of using quantum bits (qubits) in
> quantum computing.
>
> https://youtu.be/1zD1U1sIPQ4
>
> By proving that quantum entanglement can be maintained in space over
> such a long distance, this work paves the way for long-distance
> satellite quantum communication and maybe even realize the
> possibilities for quantum teleportation. “Long-distance entanglement
> distribution is essential for the testing of quantum physics and
> quantum networks,” Yin’s team wrote.
>
> Advances in quantum cryptography, which rely heavily on extending
> entanglement, could change the way information is stored and
> transferred in the future — opening up applications in improved
> security in communication and even payment systems.
>
>
>
> On 9/3/17, H LV  wrote:
> > Why can't one build a detector sensitive to the motion of a group wave so
> > that it would be possible to send a signal faster than c?
> >
> > Harry
> >
>
>

[Vo]:Rossi building a commercial reactor

[Adrian Ashfield]

Andrea Rossi confirms that the E-Cat QX will be demonstrated late in October.  
Also that he has started building a commercial unit, (with an output of more 
than 1 MW?), where he will sell the heat output, not the reactor.

It looks like his plan is to gather operating experience and not sell E-Cats 
where they can be reverse engineered until had has built a fully automated line 
to mass produce them cheaply.

I know the skeptics will be jumping up and down to express their doubts but it 
is hard to see how Rossi can defraud anyone if he is just selling heat to a 
real customer.  Time will tel who is right.

Thanks to Frank Acland for eliciting this information.
http://e-catworld.com/2017/09/04/rossi-first-e-cat-plants-under-construction-will-sell-energy-not-plants/

[Vo]:Mizuno latest

[Bob Higgins]

Jed,  can I make a request?  Acknowledging your fluency in Japanese and
relationship with Mizuno ...

In Mizuno's paper, he describes the deposition the preparation of the Ni
and the Pd with a good deal of text, but in the final part of the
preparation (page 8, figure 10) he describes heating the ceramic heater
wrapped in Pd wire to 700-800°C for 10-20 hours to deposit Pd on the Ni
surface.  This may be the most important part of the process, yet he only
spent 1 small paragraph describing the deposition.

The melting point of Pd is 1550°C and the boiling point of Pd is 2960°C.
Clearly, at the specified temperature of the ceramic heater, the vapor
pressure of the Pd is very, very low.  So, without plasma, it is hard to
understand how any Pd is deposited at all.  Mizuno only describes D2 as
being in the chamber - there is no Ar that is normally used in sputtering
(energetic Ar ions are used in sputtering to have a better probability of
knocking off atoms of the metal due to the high mass of Ar).  Mizuno
doesn't describe a DC plasma condition that would have been used for
striking a glow near the ceramic heater with Pd wire for deposition.

*Can you ask Mizuno if he can provide an explanation of the mechanism of Pd
deposition used in conjunction with the ceramic heater wound with the Pd
wire?  Was it an evaporation process, sputtering, or ion plating
technique?  Was a plasma active during the Pd deposition?  Was it a
deuterium plasma?  Was there a DC voltage applied between the heated Pd
wire and the cathode?*

Also, Mizuno shows SEM photos of the Ni mesh cathode surface before and
after the treatment.  The after photo shows micron scale bulbous growth
that I surmise from his deposition method cannot be all Pd.  It appears
that the surface morphology of the Ni has been vastly altered, and probably
has only a small film thickness of Pd on top of that.  His Ni mesh cathode
has a lot of area, and he only has a small amount of Pd wire on the ceramic
heater.

*Can you ask Mizuno what he believes is the thickness of Pd that he has
deposited by his final deposition process?  I.E. in Figure 32, how thick is
the Pd film on top of the Ni? *

Regards - Bob Higgins

RE: [Vo]:RE: f13C or faux13C

[JonesBeene]

Here is a detail which came up earlier – the embedded proton concept works best 
in the context of the Mills’ “hydrino hydride” where the proton and two very 
tight electrons combine into a stable ion which replaces carbon’s innermost 
orbital electron. The innermost orbital of carbon would need to have a binding 
strength which is resonant with dense hydrogen in order to do this so Rydberg 
values come into play.

Holmlid, Mills, Miley, Mayer, Meulenberg and others who have written on the 
subject of dense hydrogen have different thinking on the details. They could 
all be partly correct with Mills being the most accurate for this detail (but 
he does not mention 13C).

The innermost carbon electron is bound at slightly less than 490 eV which is 
exactly the 18th Rydberg multiple… yet it is not clear how significant that 
detail is in the context of coal formation.

-

In prior thread, the premise was suggested that there are two different species 
(allotropes) of carbon which are being called carbon-13. One of the two species 
is the normal isotope with 7 neutrons, but the second is carbon-12 with a 
deeply embedded proton of UDH (the ultra-dense hydrogen) of Holmlid. 

This result has happened with some types of carbon during the 100 million year 
formation process of decay from ancient vegetation under pressure in coal beds, 
especially anthracite and mineral graphite. This type of coal is often used to 
manufacture the kinds of graphite where physical anomalies have been witnessed. 

Here is another piece of evidence which points to a thermal anomaly with carbon 
which could be explained with this hypothesis. (Thanks to Can for the link)
The Replication of an Experiment Which Produced Anomalous Excess Energy.pdf
More on those details later…

RE: [Vo]:Mizuno latest

[Russ George]

Bob,

 

One can sputter the daylight with Pd in a simple D2 plasma under very simple 
conditions!

 

 

 

From: Bob Higgins [mailto:rj.bob.higg...@gmail.com] 
Sent: Monday, September 4, 2017 11:42 AM
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Subject: [Vo]:Mizuno latest

 

Jed,  can I make a request?  Acknowledging your fluency in Japanese and 
relationship with Mizuno ...

In Mizuno's paper, he describes the deposition the preparation of the Ni and 
the Pd with a good deal of text, but in the final part of the preparation (page 
8, figure 10) he describes heating the ceramic heater wrapped in Pd wire to 
700-800°C for 10-20 hours to deposit Pd on the Ni surface.  This may be the 
most important part of the process, yet he only spent 1 small paragraph 
describing the deposition.  

The melting point of Pd is 1550°C and the boiling point of Pd is 2960°C.  
Clearly, at the specified temperature of the ceramic heater, the vapor pressure 
of the Pd is very, very low.  So, without plasma, it is hard to understand how 
any Pd is deposited at all.  Mizuno only describes D2 as being in the chamber - 
there is no Ar that is normally used in sputtering (energetic Ar ions are used 
in sputtering to have a better probability of knocking off atoms of the metal 
due to the high mass of Ar).  Mizuno doesn't describe a DC plasma condition 
that would have been used for striking a glow near the ceramic heater with Pd 
wire for deposition.

Can you ask Mizuno if he can provide an explanation of the mechanism of Pd 
deposition used in conjunction with the ceramic heater wound with the Pd wire?  
Was it an evaporation process, sputtering, or ion plating technique?  Was a 
plasma active during the Pd deposition?  Was it a deuterium plasma?  Was there 
a DC voltage applied between the heated Pd wire and the cathode?

Also, Mizuno shows SEM photos of the Ni mesh cathode surface before and after 
the treatment.  The after photo shows micron scale bulbous growth that I 
surmise from his deposition method cannot be all Pd.  It appears that the 
surface morphology of the Ni has been vastly altered, and probably has only a 
small film thickness of Pd on top of that.  His Ni mesh cathode has a lot of 
area, and he only has a small amount of Pd wire on the ceramic heater.

Can you ask Mizuno what he believes is the thickness of Pd that he has 
deposited by his final deposition process?  I.E. in Figure 32, how thick is the 
Pd film on top of the Ni? 

 

Regards - Bob Higgins

[Vo]: f13C or faux13C

[Bob Higgins]

As I understand it, there are two hydrino-like transitions that could
occur, perhaps on a 12C atom.  Suppose that the 12C is subject to catalytic
hydrino formation wherein one of its electron enters a (1/p) state.  Such
an electron would enter an orbital around the nucleus that is smaller than
the s orbital and would screen one of the protons from the remainder of the
electrons.  This would cause it chemical and spectral properties to appear
as 12B instead of 12C.  This would be a very unusual find because real 12B
decays with a half-life of 20ms and should not be seen in the experiment.
Finding a stable signature of 12B would be a likely indicator of formation
of the hydrino state of 12C.

Now consider that a hydrino hydride ion, described by Mills as H-(1/p)
could enter a hydrogen nucleus and bind so tightly as to become an
innermost orbital below the s orbital.  A similar thing would happen in
that this tightly bound negative charge would screen a proton as far as the
remainder of the 12C electrons are concerned - it would have a mass of 13,
but would chemically and spectrally appear as 13B, not 13C.  13B has the
same uniqueness in discovery as the 12B - because real 13B has a half-life
of only 17ms and hence should not be found in the experiment.  It would
only be determined to be 13C accidentally if there were no spectra taken -
I.E. in a high resolution mass spectrometer test only.  This aspect is
certainly not out of the question, as 13B would not be anticipated to be
found because real 13B would quickly decay most of the time to 13C anyway.
If they were to test for the x-ray spectra of B, perhaps the hydrino
hydride of 12C could be detected.

Note, however, that 13C is stable and is about 1% of natural C.  It is not
used for dating.  Interestingly, the natural variation of 13C is nearly
+/-1%.  Could the hydrino hydride of 12C cause a measurement uncertainty in
the isotopic ratio of 13C/12C?

I estimate that hydrino states would be as stable in atoms with multiple
electrons as they are with hydrogen having a single electron.  The reason
is that the additional electrons of, say a 12C, provide a possible means of
evanescent coupling to the innermost (hydrino) electron and provides some
opportunity to transfer energy without photon transfer and relieve the
hydrino state.

Bob

On Mon, Sep 4, 2017 at 9:44 AM, JonesBeene  wrote:

> Here is a detail which came up earlier – the embedded proton concept works
> best in the context of the Mills’ “hydrino hydride” where the proton and
> two very tight electrons combine into a stable ion which replaces carbon’s
> innermost orbital electron. The innermost orbital of carbon would need to
> have a binding strength which is resonant with dense hydrogen in order to
> do this so Rydberg values come into play.
>
>
>
> Holmlid, Mills, Miley, Mayer, Meulenberg and others who have written on
> the subject of dense hydrogen have different thinking on the details. They
> could all be partly correct with Mills being the most accurate for this
> detail (but he does not mention 13C).
>
>
>
> The innermost carbon electron is bound at slightly less than 490 eV which
> is exactly the 18th Rydberg multiple… yet it is not clear how significant
> that detail is in the context of coal formation.
>
>
>
> -
>
>
>
> In prior thread, the premise was suggested that there are two different
> species (allotropes) of carbon which are being called carbon-13. One of the
> two species is the normal isotope with 7 neutrons, but the second is
> carbon-12 with a deeply embedded proton of UDH (the ultra-dense hydrogen)
> of Holmlid.
>
>
>
> This result has happened with some types of carbon during the 100 million
> year formation process of decay from ancient vegetation under pressure in
> coal beds, especially anthracite and mineral graphite. This type of coal is
> often used to manufacture the kinds of graphite where physical anomalies
> have been witnessed.
>
>
>
> Here is another piece of evidence which points to a thermal anomaly with
> carbon which could be explained with this hypothesis. (Thanks to Can for
> the link)
>
> The Replication of an Experiment Which Produced Anomalous Excess Energy.pdf
> 
>
> More on those details later…
>
>
>
>
>
> 
>
>
>

Re: [Vo]:RE: f13C or faux13C

[Axil Axil]

C12 is a boson and as such is LENR capable. C13 is a fermion and therefore
decisive to the formation of a bose condensate of atoms. It is reasonable
to expect that C12 will aid in the production of ultra dense hydrogen.

The same boson characteristic will support the use of lithium that has been
enriched Li6 over the fermion Li7. All elements used to produce the LENR
reaction should be a boson which includes hydrogen.

*Hydrogen with non-zero spin will not participate in the LENR reaction
whereas cooper pairs of protons will. Expect LENR reactions centered on
pairs of protons with zero spin.*



*Also, as the LERN reaction matures and more NMR active isotopes
accumulate, the LENR reactor will put out increasing levels or rf radiation
derived from the nuclear vibrations of the NMR isotope.*





*This NMR thinking also applies to the nature of the various isotopes
of hydrogen.*



*Molecular hydrogen occurs in two isomeric forms, one with its two proton
spins aligned parallel (orthohydrogen), the other with its two proton spins
aligned antiparallel (parahydrogen). At room temperature and thermal
equilibrium, hydrogen consists of approximately 75% orthohydrogen and
25%  parahydrogen.*





*Orthohydrogen hydrogen has non zero spin, this is bad for Ni/H LENR
because the non zero spin wastes magnetic energy by producing RF
radiation.Parahydrogen hydrogen has zero spin. This is good for Ni/H LENR
because this type of hydrogen is magnetically inactive.*





*This is a way to increase parahydrogen hydrogen by using a noble metal
catalyst.*



*see*



*Catalytic process for ortho-para hydrogen conversion*



*http://www.google.com/patents/US3383176
*

On Mon, Sep 4, 2017 at 11:44 AM, JonesBeene  wrote:

> Here is a detail which came up earlier – the embedded proton concept works
> best in the context of the Mills’ “hydrino hydride” where the proton and
> two very tight electrons combine into a stable ion which replaces carbon’s
> innermost orbital electron. The innermost orbital of carbon would need to
> have a binding strength which is resonant with dense hydrogen in order to
> do this so Rydberg values come into play.
>
>
>
> Holmlid, Mills, Miley, Mayer, Meulenberg and others who have written on
> the subject of dense hydrogen have different thinking on the details. They
> could all be partly correct with Mills being the most accurate for this
> detail (but he does not mention 13C).
>
>
>
> The innermost carbon electron is bound at slightly less than 490 eV which
> is exactly the 18th Rydberg multiple… yet it is not clear how significant
> that detail is in the context of coal formation.
>
>
>
> -
>
>
>
> In prior thread, the premise was suggested that there are two different
> species (allotropes) of carbon which are being called carbon-13. One of the
> two species is the normal isotope with 7 neutrons, but the second is
> carbon-12 with a deeply embedded proton of UDH (the ultra-dense hydrogen)
> of Holmlid.
>
>
>
> This result has happened with some types of carbon during the 100 million
> year formation process of decay from ancient vegetation under pressure in
> coal beds, especially anthracite and mineral graphite. This type of coal is
> often used to manufacture the kinds of graphite where physical anomalies
> have been witnessed.
>
>
>
> Here is another piece of evidence which points to a thermal anomaly with
> carbon which could be explained with this hypothesis. (Thanks to Can for
> the link)
>
> The Replication of an Experiment Which Produced Anomalous Excess Energy.pdf
> 
>
> More on those details later…
>
>
>
>
>
> 
>
>
>

Re: [Vo]:RE: f13C or faux13C

[Axil Axil]

Correction

therefore decisive

should read

therefore destructive



On Mon, Sep 4, 2017 at 12:37 PM, Axil Axil  wrote:

> C12 is a boson and as such is LENR capable. C13 is a fermion and therefore
> decisive to the formation of a bose condensate of atoms. It is reasonable
> to expect that C12 will aid in the production of ultra dense hydrogen.
>
> The same boson characteristic will support the use of lithium that has
> been enriched Li6 over the fermion Li7. All elements used to produce the
> LENR reaction should be a boson which includes hydrogen.
>
> *Hydrogen with non-zero spin will not participate in the LENR reaction
> whereas cooper pairs of protons will. Expect LENR reactions centered on
> pairs of protons with zero spin.*
>
>
>
> *Also, as the LERN reaction matures and more NMR active isotopes
> accumulate, the LENR reactor will put out increasing levels or rf radiation
> derived from the nuclear vibrations of the NMR isotope.*
>
>
>
>
>
> *This NMR thinking also applies to the nature of the various isotopes
> of hydrogen.*
>
>
>
> *Molecular hydrogen occurs in two isomeric forms, one with its two proton
> spins aligned parallel (orthohydrogen), the other with its two proton spins
> aligned antiparallel (parahydrogen). At room temperature and thermal
> equilibrium, hydrogen consists of approximately 75% orthohydrogen and
> 25%  parahydrogen.*
>
>
>
>
>
> *Orthohydrogen hydrogen has non zero spin, this is bad for Ni/H LENR
> because the non zero spin wastes magnetic energy by producing RF
> radiation.Parahydrogen hydrogen has zero spin. This is good for Ni/H LENR
> because this type of hydrogen is magnetically inactive.*
>
>
>
>
>
> *This is a way to increase parahydrogen hydrogen by using a noble metal
> catalyst.*
>
>
>
> *see*
>
>
>
> *Catalytic process for ortho-para hydrogen conversion*
>
>
>
> *http://www.google.com/patents/US3383176
> *
>
> On Mon, Sep 4, 2017 at 11:44 AM, JonesBeene  wrote:
>
>> Here is a detail which came up earlier – the embedded proton concept
>> works best in the context of the Mills’ “hydrino hydride” where the proton
>> and two very tight electrons combine into a stable ion which replaces
>> carbon’s innermost orbital electron. The innermost orbital of carbon would
>> need to have a binding strength which is resonant with dense hydrogen in
>> order to do this so Rydberg values come into play.
>>
>>
>>
>> Holmlid, Mills, Miley, Mayer, Meulenberg and others who have written on
>> the subject of dense hydrogen have different thinking on the details. They
>> could all be partly correct with Mills being the most accurate for this
>> detail (but he does not mention 13C).
>>
>>
>>
>> The innermost carbon electron is bound at slightly less than 490 eV which
>> is exactly the 18th Rydberg multiple… yet it is not clear how
>> significant that detail is in the context of coal formation.
>>
>>
>>
>> -
>>
>>
>>
>> In prior thread, the premise was suggested that there are two different
>> species (allotropes) of carbon which are being called carbon-13. One of the
>> two species is the normal isotope with 7 neutrons, but the second is
>> carbon-12 with a deeply embedded proton of UDH (the ultra-dense hydrogen)
>> of Holmlid.
>>
>>
>>
>> This result has happened with some types of carbon during the 100 million
>> year formation process of decay from ancient vegetation under pressure in
>> coal beds, especially anthracite and mineral graphite. This type of coal is
>> often used to manufacture the kinds of graphite where physical anomalies
>> have been witnessed.
>>
>>
>>
>> Here is another piece of evidence which points to a thermal anomaly with
>> carbon which could be explained with this hypothesis. (Thanks to Can for
>> the link)
>>
>> The Replication of an Experiment Which Produced Anomalous Excess
>> Energy.pdf
>> 
>>
>> More on those details later…
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> 
>>
>>
>>
>
>

Re: [Vo]:Mizuno latest

[Bob Higgins]

Hi Russ - Yes, that may be true, but Mizuno did not talk about sputtering
during the final deposition.  Should we presume there was a bias and a
deuterium plasma?  I hate missing details.

On Mon, Sep 4, 2017 at 10:16 AM, Russ George  wrote:

> Bob,
>
>
>
> One can sputter the daylight with Pd in a simple D2 plasma under very
> simple conditions!
>
>
>
> *From:* Bob Higgins [mailto:rj.bob.higg...@gmail.com]
> *Sent:* Monday, September 4, 2017 11:42 AM
> *To:* vortex-l@eskimo.com
> *Subject:* [Vo]:Mizuno latest
>
>
>
> Jed,  can I make a request?  Acknowledging your fluency in Japanese and
> relationship with Mizuno ...
>
> In Mizuno's paper, he describes the deposition the preparation of the Ni
> and the Pd with a good deal of text, but in the final part of the
> preparation (page 8, figure 10) he describes heating the ceramic heater
> wrapped in Pd wire to 700-800°C for 10-20 hours to deposit Pd on the Ni
> surface.  This may be the most important part of the process, yet he only
> spent 1 small paragraph describing the deposition.
>
> The melting point of Pd is 1550°C and the boiling point of Pd is 2960°C.
> Clearly, at the specified temperature of the ceramic heater, the vapor
> pressure of the Pd is very, very low.  So, without plasma, it is hard to
> understand how any Pd is deposited at all.  Mizuno only describes D2 as
> being in the chamber - there is no Ar that is normally used in sputtering
> (energetic Ar ions are used in sputtering to have a better probability of
> knocking off atoms of the metal due to the high mass of Ar).  Mizuno
> doesn't describe a DC plasma condition that would have been used for
> striking a glow near the ceramic heater with Pd wire for deposition.
>
> *Can you ask Mizuno if he can provide an explanation of the mechanism of
> Pd deposition used in conjunction with the ceramic heater wound with the Pd
> wire?  Was it an evaporation process, sputtering, or ion plating
> technique?  Was a plasma active during the Pd deposition?  Was it a
> deuterium plasma?  Was there a DC voltage applied between the heated Pd
> wire and the cathode?*
>
> Also, Mizuno shows SEM photos of the Ni mesh cathode surface before and
> after the treatment.  The after photo shows micron scale bulbous growth
> that I surmise from his deposition method cannot be all Pd.  It appears
> that the surface morphology of the Ni has been vastly altered, and probably
> has only a small film thickness of Pd on top of that.  His Ni mesh cathode
> has a lot of area, and he only has a small amount of Pd wire on the ceramic
> heater.
>
> *Can you ask Mizuno what he believes is the thickness of Pd that he has
> deposited by his final deposition process?  I.E. in Figure 32, how thick is
> the Pd film on top of the Ni? *
>
>
>
> Regards - Bob Higgins
>

Re: [Vo]:Mizuno latest

[Jed Rothwell]

Bob Higgins  wrote:


> In Mizuno's paper, he describes the deposition the preparation of the Ni
> and the Pd with a good deal of text, but in the final part of the
> preparation (page 8, figure 10) he describes heating the ceramic heater
> wrapped in Pd wire to 700-800°C for 10-20 hours to deposit Pd on the Ni
> surface.
>

That was the previous method. I do not think it ended up depositing much Pd
on the Ni. Or, I should say I think it ended up depositing Pd all over the
place. In Appendix A he describes two newer methods, in step 3:

Rub the surface with pure palladium. The palladium will adhere to the mesh.
Alternatively, the palladium can be plated onto the mesh (plating solution:
Tanaka, Inc., PDMO2LB). This is the key step. In an industrial process, a
similar material might be fabricated by some other method such as
Nano-sintering.


Anyway, I will ask him about this.

- Jed

Re: [Vo]:A preliminary look at Mizuno's air flow calorimetry spreadsheets

[Jed Rothwell]

I now have the entire 9 hours of the 120 W calibration. I have uploaded the
spreadsheet here:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTcriHguOWtGhIQmTR1f0PZamEsAjyWHHvCYvUTg74to3nDJNRdFJk5ItVZEQYguD8iWilv7s3rgqXA/pubhtml

I uploaded a graph from the Excel version here:

https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/thread/5340-mizuno-publication-of-kw-cop2-excess-heat-results/?postID=70654#post70654

The graphs in the Google spreadsheet seemed to survive the transition
better than last time, so I left them in the Google sheet, but the Excel
graph looks better.

Here is the main thing. in the calibration (just uploaded) the Delta T
temperature goes to 4.5°C and it stays there, stable. When the power is
turned off, it falls rapidly back to zero, straight down. Under what
appears to be identical calorimetry, with the same input power, the excess
heat Delta T goes up to 7.5°C, and then when the power is cut, it takes
longer to reach zero.

- Jed

Re: [Vo]:Mizuno latest

[Brian Ahern]

I believe that Mizuno heated the ceramic to 700-800C with Pd ire of small 
dimension. The surface temperature of the wire could easily exceed 1400C



From: Russ George 
Sent: Monday, September 4, 2017 12:16 PM
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Subject: RE: [Vo]:Mizuno latest


Bob,



One can sputter the daylight with Pd in a simple D2 plasma under very simple 
conditions!







From: Bob Higgins [mailto:rj.bob.higg...@gmail.com]
Sent: Monday, September 4, 2017 11:42 AM
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Subject: [Vo]:Mizuno latest



Jed,  can I make a request?  Acknowledging your fluency in Japanese and 
relationship with Mizuno ...

In Mizuno's paper, he describes the deposition the preparation of the Ni and 
the Pd with a good deal of text, but in the final part of the preparation (page 
8, figure 10) he describes heating the ceramic heater wrapped in Pd wire to 
700-800°C for 10-20 hours to deposit Pd on the Ni surface.  This may be the 
most important part of the process, yet he only spent 1 small paragraph 
describing the deposition.

The melting point of Pd is 1550°C and the boiling point of Pd is 2960°C.  
Clearly, at the specified temperature of the ceramic heater, the vapor pressure 
of the Pd is very, very low.  So, without plasma, it is hard to understand how 
any Pd is deposited at all.  Mizuno only describes D2 as being in the chamber - 
there is no Ar that is normally used in sputtering (energetic Ar ions are used 
in sputtering to have a better probability of knocking off atoms of the metal 
due to the high mass of Ar).  Mizuno doesn't describe a DC plasma condition 
that would have been used for striking a glow near the ceramic heater with Pd 
wire for deposition.

Can you ask Mizuno if he can provide an explanation of the mechanism of Pd 
deposition used in conjunction with the ceramic heater wound with the Pd wire?  
Was it an evaporation process, sputtering, or ion plating technique?  Was a 
plasma active during the Pd deposition?  Was it a deuterium plasma?  Was there 
a DC voltage applied between the heated Pd wire and the cathode?

Also, Mizuno shows SEM photos of the Ni mesh cathode surface before and after 
the treatment.  The after photo shows micron scale bulbous growth that I 
surmise from his deposition method cannot be all Pd.  It appears that the 
surface morphology of the Ni has been vastly altered, and probably has only a 
small film thickness of Pd on top of that.  His Ni mesh cathode has a lot of 
area, and he only has a small amount of Pd wire on the ceramic heater.

Can you ask Mizuno what he believes is the thickness of Pd that he has 
deposited by his final deposition process?  I.E. in Figure 32, how thick is the 
Pd film on top of the Ni?



Regards - Bob Higgins

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