Bob, I am sure you realize I am speculating about this subject. Logic would suggest that the plasma can be heated to very high temperatures by current flowing within its mass. It would seem to me that the application of additional power would result in a higher temperature regardless of the source voltage supplying that power.
I suppose that there exists some finite dynamic resistance through which that current flows which would establish a drive voltage needed in order to reach the required current. Are you suggesting that a link exists between the amount of voltage appearing across a volume of plasma and the energy of the radiation that can be emitted by that plasma as it returns back to its lower energy state? That link may be true but I am not familiar with the concept. I think of the temperature as being the parameter that causes the ionization, especially for close in electrons. If we can show that the temperature that the plasma reaches is not sufficient to cause major ionization then perhaps it becomes obvious that no electrons have been stripped at a deep enough level to result in the emission of the high energy radiation Mills claims. There is evidence that an adequate amount of ionization is present for the emission of the high energy radiation. According to Mills, the inner plasma is as hot as the sun's surface which as far as I know does not support elements which are non ionic. If true for the sun then perhaps it is true for Mills' device. Are you aware of any scientific experiments which describe the amount of ionization present for elements as a function of the relative temperature of those elements? There must be some temperature at which each element looses all of its electrons to exist as a pure plasma. At the moment I do not have a clue as to how hot a plasma must be in order to generate the spectrum seen by Mills. Dave -----Original Message----- From: Bob Higgins <[email protected]> To: vortex-l <[email protected]> Sent: Fri, Feb 5, 2016 10:25 am Subject: Re: [Vo]:BLP demo video Dave, I am not sure what you say is entirely true. The 10V source can provide direct heating to a certain temperature, and can create a plasma from electron impact. A plasma is comprised of ionized gas. However, the ions don't need to be bare nuclei, and typically are not for anything but a hydrogen plasma. Normally 1 or 2 electrons are lost from the ions, in this case, Ag in vapor phase. The 10V can produce electron ionization up to about 10eV energy. This would correspond to a deep UV photon of 124nm (produced during restoration of the electron), which can reach fairly deep into the shells of the Ag atoms. However, the spectrum Mills showed contained soft x-ray, probably in the 100eV range (I could not read the axis of the graph he showed). Even this probably does not represent ionization (and re-combination) of the inner shells of the Ag electron orbitals. But, achieving 100eV soft x-ray ionization with 10eV needs some explanation. Mills would say it came from catalyzed shrinkage of the hydrogen orbital to a fractional quantum state. The question is, could it have come from an alternative mechanism? For example, in the very strong magnetic field, could multiple 10eV electrons contribute to an 100eV ionization? What else could be responsible? On Thu, Feb 4, 2016 at 11:32 PM, David Roberson <[email protected]> wrote: I have a comment regarding the source voltage and the spectrum generated by a plasma heated by that voltage. The 10 volt supply can be used to generate heating of the plasma due to the power absorbed by the plasma. The resulting high temperature can ionize the plasma by itself and therefore the radiation energy that results from the recombination of the electron with the ion should be independent of the supply voltage. If my above thought process is accurate then a 1 volt source would be capable of initiating 10 eV radiation if it can supply enough local heat to the system and that energy of radiation is possible when the ion recombines. Perhaps we should not be too concerned about the source voltage and instead concentrate upon the source power. Dave -----Original Message----- From: Eric Walker <[email protected]> To: vortex-l <[email protected]> Sent: Thu, Feb 4, 2016 8:51 pm Subject: Re: [Vo]:BLP demo video I wrote: I think Mills also mentioned soft x-rays early on, which are in the low keV. And the spectrum he spent time discussing had an endpoint somewhere above 100 eV. Such photons would presumably come from the excitation of inner shell electrons in heavier elements such as silver. I recall that the photons were mostly broadband, while emissions from de-excitation of inner shell electrons would be characteristic (sharp). So if the broadband spectra went back to energetic beta electrons, perhaps they were due to bremsstrahlung instead. Eric
