Michel Jullian wrote. > > Fred, here are two interesting related articles. They are right on topic and > make the link between the Gibbs Free Energy change we were discussing the > other day and equilibrium concentrations of reactants and products: > That part is easy Michel, there are lots of data on Autoionization of Water, most of the good stuff on the Adsorption-Desorption Energy of Water on Metals that pertains to the Interface Effects is tied up in pay per view web sites. My experience with the tenacity of water on glass or metals was in high vacuum work where long-time pumping and bake-out were required. Never quantified it though. . Here's one on Glass/Silica:
http://www.oetg.at/website/wtc2001cd/html/M-00-04-489-SCHERGE.pdf OTOH. Catalyst properties are germane. And if you can journey through this one for Uncharged Metal Surfaces. http://arxiv.org/html/cond-mat/0001076/paper.html "The adsorption of water on metal surfaces is complex [18]. The data in Table 1 refer to the relative adsorption energy of an H2O molecule in a periodic array for a quarter of a monolayer. The calculated absolute value of the adsorption energy for such a molecule is 8 kcal/mol. The equilibrium adsorption position of the oxygen atom within the molecule changes from that of atomic oxygen, in contrast to the case of formation of hydroxyl radicals from adsorbed O and H where the equilibrium adsorption position remains in the fcc-hollow site. No difference in adsorption energy was found if the position of the two H atoms in the water molecule was rotated by 90 degrees, indicating that the two H atoms of the adsorbed water molecule may rotate freely around the surface normal. However, it is well known that water does not adsorb as isolated molecules at temperatures at which the molecules are sufficiently mobile, but tends to form clusters in which water molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds. The value of those hydrogen bonds (typically 4 to 6 kcal/mol [18]) is of the same order of magnitude as the water adsorption energy. On Rh(111) water forms an ice bilayer which has long-range order on the surface [18]. We found only small changes in their structural parameters. We have optimized the adsorption geometry for a bilayer of water starting from the structure suggested in the review of Thiel and Madey [18]. The bilayer was calculated to be 10 kcal/mol more stable than molecules at a coverage of 0.25 monolayer. Given their rapid diffusion, the water molecules will form such ice layers even at low temperatures." Snip: > > > > 1, The battery voltage B - and B+ is divided by the floating plates F > > across the 4 cells. > > > > 2, The naturally formed H3O + (or H + ) and OH - ions of the water > > collected at the floating > > plate interface allows the electron of the OH - to go through the > > floated plates to neutralize > > the H3O + or H + allowing the now neutral OH and H gases to come off. The > > Cathode ( - ) > > and Anode ( + ) plates also discharge the ions there. > > > > The Battery sees the small current through the cell. > > But, It Does Not See the Current of the ions discharging through the > > floated plates. > > > > IOW. it's a Freebie due to The Natural Autoionization of Water and > > Metal-Water Interface Effects. > > > > http://electrochem.cwru.edu/ed/encycl/art-c03-elchem-cap.htm > > > > B - F F F B+ > > Cathode - |+ -|+ -|+ -|+ -|+ Anode > >
