Robin
> In either case, It would IMO take a brute force interaction with
ionizing radiation to form O++.
Although this is the most likely situation, and certainly true for
everywhere but a surface interface, the presence of a thin depostied
layer of Pd, which in close proximity to this surface -- this interface
would have plenty of valence electrons with which to "trick" the oxygen;
but that O++ could derive from water as well.
Palladium/platinum both have a very unusual relationship with oxygen...
"thermal desorption measurements of oxygen adsorbed on a nearly perfect
single crystal of palladium show the presence of surface chemisorbed
oxygen, with no evidence of oxygen penetrating below the surface"
from this thesis:
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1981PhDT........68W
"Oxygen Chemisorption and Water Synthesis on Palladium and
Palladium-Gold a Study by Thermal Desorption and Photoemission."
Authors: Weissman Wenocur, Deborah Lee