Oh well, I'll run the errand tomorrow... As a start, go read about the gas laws and partial pressure and how humidity is calculated from partial pressure... In order to understand how Galantini can ESTIMATE the liquid water content of the steam, you need to think several steps ahead as in chess, or in a complex mathematical derivation that involves many steps and applying theorems at each step in order to derive the final desired answer. Its not a direct measurement as I've said numerous times. The behavior and properties of gases are very different from liquids, and are dictated by mass or mole fraction, not concentrations. "Gases dissolve, diffuse, and react according to their partial pressures, and not according to their concentrations in gas mixtures or liquids." If you vaporized so many grams of liquid water into a cubic meter box with NO other molecules present, you'd end up with a specific temperature and pressure, and that could also be communicated as a mixing ratio. For atmospheric science where we ARE dealing with air, then the mixing ratio is the mass of water (if you condense the water vapor) to the mass of dry air. However, you do NOT need other molecules in order to measure humidity. Another quote which might help... "This general property of gasses is also true of chemical reactions of gasses in biology. For example, the necessary amount of oxygen for human respiration, and the amount that is toxic, [my emphasis] *** is set by the partial pressure of oxygen alone ***. This is true across a ***very wide range of different concentrations*** of oxygen present in various inhaled breathing gases, or dissolved in blood."
So you're getting hung up on the denominator thinking that there has to be some entity or volume of some other molecule(s) when in fact, it might as well say, "cubic meter of empty space". -Mark _____ From: Joshua Cude [mailto:joshua.c...@gmail.com] Sent: Wednesday, June 22, 2011 4:14 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:E-Cat vs. Water Heater for coffee/tea... On Wed, Jun 22, 2011 at 6:04 PM, Mark Iverson <zeropo...@charter.net> wrote: Joshua: STOP THINKING ABOUT VOLUME! Yes, you're right in that the extreme volume change complicates the measurements, and thats why I and others including Krivit, are focused on MASS. Think in terms of mass. That eliminates the complication of the 1700:1 change in volume that you are stuck on. If you condense all the gaseous water molecules (i.e., the water vapor) and you then measure the mass of the CONDENSED LIQUID water (that USED TO BE VAPOR), that is what the meter is measuring in grams of water (molecules) per m^3! You just told me to stop thinking about volume, and then you give me a quantity with units of mass per unit volume. You are thinking about volume, and that's why I am. If that device did as you say, where do you get the m^3 to calculate the total mass of the vapor? But no. That device is not measuring the mass of condensed liquid. It's measuring capacitance, which is affected by the wetness of a dielectric, which corresponds in some known, predetermined way to the amount of water vapor in air. There is no known, predetermined correspondence between the wetness of the dielectric and the mass of condensed liquid that used to be vapor, or the fraction of steam in a steam-mist mixture. No matter how many caps you use. Sorry.
