I'm not going to take it on faith about the AC power being less than DC. I've
done these types of calculations before and I can tell you they are not simple.
A sawtooth wave can generate some extremely high harmonics which have a large
skin effect. I'd need to see the formula used to evaluate them.
----- Original Message -----
From: Robert Leguillon
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Sent: Monday, September 19, 2011 2:21 PM
Subject: RE: [Vo]:Debunking Steorn Orbo
My Two Cents--
I must confess that I'm unfamiliar with the effect of electromagnetism on
conductive heating. I thought that I'd throw out a few questions regarding the
observations of the 4th paper, hoping to learn:
Background for the questions: Alternating current (dependent on the
frequency) can produce a more prominent "skin effect" on conductors than
standard direct current. This skin effect can cause the vast bulk of current
to flow down only the outer surface of a conductor.
Q1) Does this uneven current flow translate to potentially uneven heating -
even at equilibrium?
Q2) Could the nickel core be cooler in the middle with more heat being
concentrated, and subsequently shed, on the surface?
Q3) Could the surface of the inductor wires appear hotter, though the entire
conductor is dissipating the same amount of total heat?
Donating to the World, Two Cents at a Time,
R.L.
Documents 1-3 were quite interesting - compelling, really. I'm going to have
to read up more on Steorn.
Document #4 - "It's getting hot in here, turn off that Orbo!"
The fourth report that we were allowed to examine is unique from the others
in that it is about a solid state version of Steorn's technology. It is also
the most recent of the documents, being written in March, 2011.
A solid state Orbo offers the potential of having no moving parts, having
no need for bearings (as in permanent manget (PM) or E-Orbo configurations),
being simpler to build, and potentially being simpler to test. Other advantages
of solid state Orbo include fewer parts to wear out, and perhaps more potential
to evolve quickly -- in a similar manner to the way computers evolved during
the past twenty years.
In this paper the author describes a very simple configuration that
involves a coil wrapped around a nickel core (that is both magnetic and
conductive) acting as an inductor. The coil and core is placed in a calorimeter
composed of a vacuum chamber. Two thermocouples measure the temperature of the
coil itself, and the temperature of the air in the room. A metered power supply
provides the input power to the coil, and an oscilloscope monitors the current,
voltage, and can also calculate total input power by using a math function of
the scope.
The purpose of the test is to determine if the coil fed with a quantity of
AC power, can produce more heat than the same coil fed with the same quantity
of DC power. In the paper, the formula needed to calculate the total AC power
is presented. The AC input and DC input is configured to be as identical as
possible. Actually, the power input during the AC run was .9 (point nine)
watts, and in the DC run it was 1 (one) watt. The fact that the input power
during the AC run was slightly less than in the DC run actually biases the test
against the AC run. This makes the results of the test even more significant.
In the first test, 1 watt of DC power is fed into the coil wound around the
nickel core. The temperature of the coil increases until it reaches an
equilibrium point of 36.1 degrees. This is the point at which the power lost by
the coil via heat dissipation matches the electrical input power. Even if the
input power stayed on for hours longer, the temperature of the coil would not
increase above this temperature.
In the second test, .9 watts is fed into the same coil wound around the
same exact nickel core. Obviously, this test took place a period of time after
the first one, after the temperature of the coil has dropped back to its
original value. The result of AC being fed into the coil is that it rises to an
equilibrium temperature of 41.1 degrees. This means that in the AC test, the
temperature of the coil reached a temperature five degrees higher than in the
DC test.
The higher equilibrium temperature obtained when the coil was powered with
AC, indicates an anomalous gain of energy. The gain of energy is unexplainable,
because the input power in both tests were almost identical -- actually
slightly less when AC was utilized. As the paper continues, the author
indicates that resistive heating cannot be the case for the increased
temperature in the AC test run.
Here is the conclusion found at the end of the paper.
"The extra heating effect under the application of an AC signal is not
explained simply by the transfer of input power to the coil. Consideration of
the energy input to the system does not account for the energy output -- as
evidenced by the steady state temperature; there is an extra effect which needs
to be isolated and identified.
"This investigation has not been able to suggest a reason for the energy
output from the AC case. While it has been demonstrated and verified, and the
DC case shows resistive heating as expected, there is no such simple
explanation for the behavior of the coil under AC heating."
The conclusion must be that this is an energy output which is higher than
would be expected from the power input, and caused by the response of the coil
to the alternating signal."
It seems likely that this "extra effect" is part of Steorn's magnetic
overunity effect that allows for the production of free energy. After many
months of hearing little about Steorn's progress developing the Orbo
technology, it is refreshing to read a report that demonstrates a clear,
simple, and obvious gain of energy -- in this case, in the form of heat.
A Breakthrough for the Free Energy Community
Although the amount of free energy produced in the fourth paper mentioned
above is not huge, it seems to be well documented by a professional. The point
of the experiment was not to produce large amounts of energy, but to document
and prove an overunity magnetic effect. The test seems to have satisfied that
goal. Scaled up and fully developed, this configuration might be capable of
producing much greater amounts of excess energy.
One interesting thing to note is the experiment seems so simple it makes me
think it could be fairly easily replicated. Of course Steorn may not be ready
to share the additional information that would be useful for a replication, but
if Steorn decided to even partially open source this technology (for
individuals outside of Steorn to replicate) PESN would be eager to assist such
an effort.
