Axil, your description does not fit what is observed or even what is
generally accepted.
I'm trying to get you to understand the basic difference between cold
fusion and hot fusion. It would help if you read papers that describe
what is observed rather than speculate based on imagination.
The Coulomb barrier is a force external to the nucleus that keeps the
nuclei apart and provide a force to hold the electrons in place. Of
course this is a simplified description that requires complex math to
describe accurately. Energy has to be applied to move the nuclei
together. During hot fusion, this energy can be supplied by the motion
of the nuclei either as temperature in plasma or as an energetic ion
beam created by an accelerator. Once the nuclei of d get close enough,
the extra energy observed as mass is suddenly released and the two d
explode into fragments of He. These fragments go off in directions and
with energy required to conserve momentum. The idea of gluons is not
relevant.
In the case of cold fusion, the process does not produce energetic
products and the final product is an intact helium nucleus.
Nevertheless, the nuclear energy appears as heat. Of course,
radiation is produced and some is detected outside of the apparatus.
However, the energy of the radiation is not consistent with a single
release of energy as is the case with hot fusion. In this way, the two
processes are entirely different. This difference MUST be taken into
account in any explanation.
Ed
On Feb 10, 2013, at 10:56 PM, Axil Axil wrote:
Both hot and cold fusions are a result of pent up nuclear energy.
Both are explosions.
As a first principle, LENR is caused by the lowering of the coulomb
barrier.
How does energy and momentum conservation play into energy produced
by coulomb barrier lowering?
The conservation laws apply to the system as a whole and not to any
individual part of the system.
The energy increase of the cold fusion of a nucleus with a proton
for example somehow results in an energy transfer between the
components in that system. How can this energy transfer work?
To start out with, Nuclei are made up of protons and neutron, but
the mass of a nucleus is always less than the sum of the individual
masses of the protons and neutrons which constitute it. The
difference is a measure of the nuclear binding energy which holds
the nucleus together.
The binding energy steals energy from the nucleons to keep the
nucleus together, that energy is transferred to the gluons.
As the coulomb barrier of the nucleus is screened, the protons lose
their repulsive charge in the nucleus so the gluons have less work
to do; they become less energy intensive.
Where does this energy go? It could go back into reformulating the
mass of the protons and neutrons. But without radioactive decay, the
nucleus must remain stable and there are no gamma rays to transfer
the energy out of the nucleus.
The difference in the binding energy’s between the original nucleus
and the new nucleus must go somewhere as the nucleus returns to
normal to conserve energy as the screening gradually abates and the
gluons regain their energy.
The only other component in the LENR system is the screening
electrons. Somehow the screening electrons must take the excess
energy away with them bit by bit as the screening of the nucleus
gradually decreases.
Cheers: Axil
On Sun, Feb 10, 2013 at 11:47 PM, Kevin O'Malley
<[email protected]> wrote:
On Sun, Feb 10, 2013 at 7:28 PM, Edmund Storms
<[email protected]> wrote:
On Feb 10, 2013, at 8:20 PM, Kevin O'Malley wrote:
On Sun, Feb 10, 2013 at 3:27 PM, Edmund Storms
<[email protected]> wrote:
Storms: NO!!! That is not the issue Cold fusion produces He4
without radiation.
KevinO:***There have been some observances of radiation. Not very
much, but some.
Storms:Yes, I know but that is not the point.
***Then why did you make the point? Your claim was "Cold fusion
produces He4 without radiation." My analogy fits the observance
well, in terms of a little bit of emitted energy (balloon pops)
getting out of the lattice -- not very much but some. There is some
radiation, but most of it gets absorbed by the lattice. What point
are you trying to make?
I think you can make a better analogy by comparing exploding and
burning.
***My analogy was aimed at showing that it's fusion that's taking
place, whether hot or cold, and that claiming there is "no"
radiation didn't fit the facts. You even say "yes I know but that
is not the point".
Hot fusion is an explosion of the nucleus as a result of pet up
nuclear energy. Cold fusion is a burning reaction that allows the
energy to leak out slowly even though the same reaction products
are produced. Both can occur in a lattice, but cold fusion REQUIRES
the lattice while hot fusion does not.
***Your analogy does not make sense. To say that cold fusion is a
burning reaction while hot fusion isn't would require us to fill
the balloons with 2 different flammable gasses. But any balloons
in a lattice would burn/pop when placed next to another burning
balloon, suggesting a self-sustained nuclear chain reaction such as
fission. That isn't what takes place in cold fusion cells.
Both hot and cold fusions are a result of pent up nuclear energy.
Both are explosions. But they are on completely different scales.
That's why I said there's only one balloon pop in cold fusion and
50,000 balloon pops in hot fusion. There's no corresponding 50,000
balloon pop in cold fusion -- I'm not aware of any LENR/Cold fusion
cell that has undergone a HUGE nuclear reaction resulting in lethal
levels of gamma rays, neutrons, or whatever radiation. I doubt
that it can happen. To say that cold fusion requires the lattice
while hot fusion does not is ignoring the analogical fact that
50,000 balloons are being popped at once in the hot fusion balloon
example -- there's no way to do that in a lattice as far as I can
see. And if there was a way, there would be the corresponding
lethal levels of radiation. And conversely, there's no way to get
just one balloon to pop in the hot-fusion example.
