Robert Elz graciously pointed out that 2.9.4 implictly says that ( is in fact an operator, which solves my problem. Thank you to Robert!
----- Original Message ----- From: Mark Galeck <mark_gal...@pacbell.net> To: "austin-group-l@opengroup.org" <austin-group-l@opengroup.org> Sent: Monday, September 5, 2016 1:52 PM Subject: how is '(' recognized by the shell standard as a token? Hello, when '(' appears in the shell input, how does the section 2.3 Token Recognition, of the shell standard, recognize it? '(' can be start of a subshell, or function, or optional start of a `case` pattern, but nowhere do I see any indication that this is an operator, or reserved word. Hence it seems to me, that when following section 2.3, no earlier rule than 9 would apply, so either by rule 9 or 11, '(' is part of a word. But that is not how dash behaves: $ f( dash: Syntax error: newline unexpected (expecting ")") $ instead of trying to execute 'f(' So how is '(' recognized? Thank you, Mark