On Sun, Mar 03, 2002 at 09:49:12PM -0500, Gautam Mukunda wrote:

> But India, oddly enough without the benefit of billions of dollars of
> American aid, doesn't look like that, does it?  Not at all.

I missed your point here. Do you mean that India doesn't hate the
West? I don't think you mean that poverty is rare in India. Anyway, if
it is an important point, please explain. I am not arguing that poverty
always lead to hate, only that in some cases it seems to (maybe it is
more likely that it will in an Islamic culture?). Perhaps you meant
that since poverty did not lead to hate in India, that it cannot happen
elsewhere?

Me:
No, I mean that India is a wealthy country compared to Pakistan.  The
poverty doesn't approach the same levels.  And people in India have hope for
the future.  They live in a democracy.  They live in a free society.  They
know that things can get better.  Nigeria is poor - did Nigerians blowi up
buildings in NYC?  Saudi Arabia is _not_ poor.  But it was Saudis who did
it.  Your correlation doesn't work.  Poor people aren't terrorists.  And
terrorists aren't poor.

> All of that is an excuse, anyways, since the people in Pakistan who
> are actually terrorists are not actually poor.  It's the Pakistani
> middle class and elites, as it is in the Middle East, who most support
> terrorism.  So this is an excuse.  Those small children aren't the
> terrorists.

The people who are able to fight, fight. The poor are less able to
fight, the wealthy are more able. At least one of the wealthy in
Pakistan, Brigadier Amanullah, says the he would use the nuclear weapons
primarily because of the extreme poverty (he believes they have nothing
to lose). You would claim that the motives of the terrorists are not the
same as those stated by Amanullah. How would you back up this claim?

Me:
No, I'm saying that Amanullah is just making an excuse for what he wants to
do - destroy the infidel.  The poverty, all of that, that's just an excuse.
What he wants to do is destroy India.  If you want to fix poverty, you fix
poverty - you don't spend tens of billions of dollars building useless
nuclear weapons and killing tens of thousands of innocent people in Kashmir.
When you do that, I for one think that maybe it's not poverty that concerns
you.

> Me:  Resolve means making sure that they don't get nuclear weapons,

I thought that Pakistan has been testing nuclear weapons. Aren't they
believeed to possess nuclear weapons?

Me:
They have nuclear weapons.  At the moment, the Pakistani government is
relatively secular, and not immediately dangerous to us.  If the Pakistani
government fell, then we should destroy the nuclear weapons.  It's well
within the capacity of the American government.  You don't think we had
plans to do exactly that?  I'm quite certain that we did
.
> and taking them away if they get them and seem to threaten us.

Taking them away???? Easier said than done. With crazy people who
believe they have nothing to lose in a nuclear war? MAD doesn't
work. And no one wins a nuclear war. But the Western world has a lot
more to lose in a nuclear war than terrorists do.

Me:
A nuclear war?  We aren't dealing with the Soviet Union.  The B-2 bomber was
designed to find Soviet ICBMs mounted on railways in the middle of Siberia.
Finding them in Pakistan would be somewhat easier, to put it mildly.  It is
precisely _because_ MAD doesn't work that we cannot allow these people to
acquire nuclear weapons.  What would you do if Bin Laden got them, ask him
very nicely not to put them in New York?

> That there are no rewards to terrorism - that, in fact, any
> organization that attacks us will be destroyed.  Do that and the
> terrorism will stop.

I wish I could be as certain as you. It seems to me that as long as
there are people living under oppressive regimes in abject poverty,
new terrorists will continually appear. And eventually, some of these
terrorists will get their hands on weapons of mass destruction, and be
desperate and crazy enough to use them. I think it is impossible to
stamp out terrorism with force. I don't think it is easy to eliminate
terrorism, but I think fighting it with economic assistance is more
likely to prevent mass deaths than fighting it with force.

Me:
Erik, if you know how to develop Pakistan, there's a fairly prestigious
award handed out in Sweden waiting for you.  Good luck.  Giving money to bad
governments tends to strengthen the bad government.  I don't want to do
that.

> The best thing we could do for those countries is to show that their
> is no route to victory through violence and terror.

Ah, but there is a route to victory for them. They get a few nuclear
bombs and detonate them in large Western cities. I don't think we can
forcefully keep that from happening if they are strongly inclined to do
so. But maybe we can reduce the hatred somewhat, and help them to have
enough to live for, that a nuclear war would no longer be a victory for
them.

Me:
But that's not a victory condition for them.  That happens and the Middle
East starts glowing in the dark.  We have the capacity to do that, and if
enough nuclear weapons went off in Western cities, we would, in the end.
But we can do everything possible to keep nuclear weapons out of the hands
of these people.  The Israelis did it at Osirak.  God help the world now if
they hadn't - Saddam Hussein would have nuclear weapons and probably control
60% of the world's oil.

> Let me tell you the analogy that springs to mind here, Erik.  From
> what I can tell, you want us to conduct a Marshall Plan.  I'm entirely
> in favor of that.  The problem is, you want us to do it in 1940.
> First you have to win the war.

Back then, the enemy had no weapons of mass destruction. I think that
changes things significantly. I don't think we can win a war of civilian
death and destruction. So we need to prevent that war. MAD won't work.
What else is there but economic assistance? It wouldn't be as effective
as the Marshall Plan (since, as you say, we didn't win the war), but
maybe it would be effective enough.

Me:
Erik, did you see what happened in Afghanistan?  Did that look like MAD to
you?  There are lots of things between turning the Middle East into glass
and economic assistance.  Economic assistance of most forms would probably
make things worse, actually, because it would strengthen governments that we
want _weakened_.  At the moment our enemies _don't have_ weapons of mass
destruction.  I think it's a good idea to make sure that they never get
them.  We can do that.  At the least we have to try.  And the first step
involves Iraq.

> We can, and should, do everything we can to make these countries
> better places to live.  But we _can't_ do that until they have decent
> governments, until the people of these countries have given up their
> alignment with Bin Laden and radical Islam.

Why not? What is stopping us? I think you mean, not "can't" but
"shouldn't". I think that is precisely what we SHOULD do. We can't
force an entire culture to change. Sticks alone don't work.  You need a
carrot. You might say, first the stick then the carrot.  The problem is,
I think, that we will never reach the carrot if we start with the stick.
Maybe it would work if we were only fighting governments, who behave at
least somewhat rationally and have something to lose. But we are talking
about fighting terrorists, fighting individuals.

Me:
Who is more powerful in Syria, us or the Syrian government?  I mean we
_can't_.  I tend to say what I mean, and I know the difference between can't
and shouldn't.  We can't help these countries while their governments are
the way they are.  We _can_ get an entire culture to change, by
demonstrating that there is no success in the avenue that they've chosen.
Then they will choose another.  We got German culture to change.  We got
Japanese culture to change.  You have the order exactly wrong.  The aid can
only come after we win.  We _shouldn't_ have pumped money into Occupied
France in 1940.  Luckily we _didn't_.  Instead we smashed the Nazis.  Then
we gave them money.  _Terrorists are not individuals_.  The individual
terrorist without a home base, without a network, without a country giving
him refuge and support, is not dangerous.  Only terrorists with a place of
refuge, with logistical support, with funding, with places to train without
disruption, only they are dangerous.  _We can take those away_.  We must.

> Do you want to be Churchill or Chamberlain?  They both wanted the best
> for Europe.  But Churchill understood the nature of his enemy - he
> saw that appeasement would only strengthen Hitler's hold on Germany.
> Chamberlain didn't.  We have a similar choice today.

Not similar. Two differences I mentioned above. We are fighting
individual terrorists, not just governments. And we are fighting those
who have nuclear weapons.

We should do anything and everything we can to avoid getting involved in
a war of civilian casualties with weapons of mass destruction against an
enemy with no clear target to strike against.

"Erik Reuter" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>       http://www.erikreuter.com/

Me:
Don't you think if Bin Laden already had weapons of mass destruction he
might have used them?  Actually, he did.  The explosive yields in 9/11 were
equivalent to a small nuclear weapon.  The very first priority of American
foreign policy is making sure that these people _don't get_ weapons of mass
destruction.  You keep saying we're fighting those who have nuclear weapons.
Do you know somethign we don't?  Second, we are fighting _state-supported_
terrorists.  An individual with an AK-47 is not terribly dangerous to us.
We can and must smash the organizations that can get 20 people together and
train them.  That is the danger, and that we can fight.  More, we can defeat
the popular support for those organizations.  And we can only do that by
showing that those organizations cannot win.  We were warned that if we
bombed durign Ramadan and invaded Afghanistan, the Arab street would rise up
against us.  I don't see it happening, do you?  Maybe because things don't
work that way.  When we defeated the fanatics, their popular support
collapsed.  When Hitler was defeated, people stopped supporting him.  If he
had been stopped at the beginning, they wouldn't have followed him.  If we
had killed Bin Laden 5 years ago - as we should have, and could have done -
then he wouldn't be a hero, would he?  Because people wouldn't think that he
could win.

Gautam

Reply via email to