Yes, Lee has already pointed this out, so I am looking into putting the zener 
in parallel to the PV panel and then a schottky, etc. in series to the battery.

The problem I have with the cheap CV/CC circuits from china is that in my 
experience they have a high failure rate and, just like buttered toast, the 
failures tend to happen in the worst possible mode.

June 2, 2020 3:17 PM, "Justin Kenny" <[email protected] 
(mailto:[email protected]?to=%22Justin%20Kenny%22%20<[email protected]>)> 
wrote:
 Not sure if you understood the previous 2 messages, the Zener diode will drain 
your battery, and a diode will not stop it from overcharging. I really suggest 
to use the right tool for the job, $3.25 for a constant-current 
constant-voltage converter isn't much cost to save your battery pack from being 
killed prematurely, or at worst preventing a fire/destruction by overcharging: 
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00LPK0IKQ (https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00LPK0IKQ)
- Justin  
 On Tue, Jun 2, 2020 at 2:57 PM <[email protected] (mailto:[email protected])> 
wrote: I'm thinking of using two panels, one tilted 45 degs to the east, and 
the other tilted 45 deg to
the west. That should provide a fairly flat power output through the day with 
something like .375
ma max. If I put a 4.3V zener across the panel, then that should bypass some of 
the current, so I should only see a swing from perhaps 0.2V to 0.3V and the 
0.2V will likely occur when the panel voltage is lower.
At any rate a 0.1V variation is close enough for my purposes.
I've got a selection of diodes on order, so I'll see what happens when I test 
it on the bench.

Pete.

June 2, 2020 1:51 PM, "jkenny23 via EV" <[email protected] 
(mailto:[email protected])> wrote:

> Another very important note; diodes don't drop voltage the same at all
> current levels. Meaning; they will NOT stop your 4.5V panel from
> overcharging your battery to 4.5V if you don't have a dedicated charging IC.
>
> If you want to charge your battery to an unusual voltage, I highly recommend
> using an adjustable CC/CV (constant-current/constant-voltage) buck
> converter. They're widely available from China on eBay and Aliexpress, and
> probably available from the US through Amazon. This way you can set a safe
> current limit (say 400mA), and a voltage limit that is lower than 4.2V (say
> 3.9 or 4.0V). Then you could even use multiple panels in series and not
> worry about charging, the input limit for the common LM2596 modules is 35V.
>
> Here's some data for a common 1N5819 Schottky diode illustrating the issue
> of voltage drop as current tapers down at the end of charging:
> 1.0A - 0.41V
> 0.5A - 0.35V
> 0.1A - 0.28V
> 20mA - 0.23V
>
> --
> Sent from: http://electric-vehicle-discussion-list.413529.n4.nabble.com 
> (http://electric-vehicle-discussion-list.413529.n4.nabble.com)
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