On 9 November 2014 23:16, Stathis Papaioannou <[email protected]> wrote:

One could say that if the bill of materials includes the ingredients
> and laws governing the interactions between the ingredients, that's
> everything there is. If seemingly magical things, fairies and unicorns
> and conscious beings, come out of the mix that doesn't necessarily
> mean that the ontological assumptions are deficient, but it may mean
> (by elimination) that the beholder's cognitive capacity is limited.
>

AFAICT, the second sentence above stands in direct contradiction to the
first. If Graziano *really means to say* that the bill of materials is
restricted in the way you suggest - IOW, that it is truly "everything there
is" - then he cannot consistently *additionally believe* in either
beholders or their cognitive capacities. But that conclusion would of
course be both absurd and is indeed directly contradicted by what he
actually goes on to say. Therefore I am forced to conclude that he is
simply being inconsistent in his supposed commitment to any such restricted
bill of materials because it is obvious that he openly relies on an
indefinite variety of supernumerary entities and relations that are neither
entailed nor required by it.

The only really *consistent* view, under Graziano's presumably physicalist
assumptions, would be the elimination of all references to persons,
beliefs, cognitive abilities or indeed anything over and above the
(assumed) fundamental entities and relations of physics. Under his
assumptions, nothing whatsoever over and above this fundamental bill of
materials is presumed necessary to account for the indefinite evolution of
any physical state of affairs, which (lest we forget) is "all there is".
What then is the motivation to speak of persons, cognitive abilities or any
other such physically redundant conceits? Things are presumed to evolve, in
precisely the way they should, without the aid of any such supplementary
notions, are they not?

Graziano aim is to single out "consciousness" for special attention, but
the uncomfortable fact is that this particular razor has a very much more
radical scope. It carries on slicing until the very conceptual structures
he seeks to spare, and on which he continues to rely, lie in tatters. But
then, a conclusion as radical as *that* wouldn't leave him with very much
more to say, would it? Even more problematically, it wouldn't leave *him*
at all.

David

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