Ikutan nanya Pak Nur, apakah perubahan proximate analysis & vitrinite reflectance seperti yang dimaksud dalam papaer tsb signifikan, maksudnya andaikan max vitrnite ref. -nya rata2 0.50 (sub-bituminous) lalu akibat deformasi tsb bisa jadi > 1 (med. volatile bituminous)? Hildt's Law sudah barang tentu banyak deviasi-nya, apalagi jaman beliau menyusun teori itu, data-datanya banyak diambil dari batubara jaman Karbon di Inggris dan Appalachian Region Amerika Utara.
Kalau boleh saya minta dikirim full papernya juga. Terima kasih sebelumnya, Noel On 4/6/07, M. Nur Heriawan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Tetapi yang saya lihat dalam artikel dibawah, > masing-masing block > patahan memilki historical maturity (coal rank > developempent) yang > berbeda. Saya barusan coba searching mengenai kaitan antara efek patahan dengan rank batubara di International Journal of Coal Geology...dapat 2 artikel dengan abstrak saya kopikan di bawah. Ternyata disana disebutkan ada indikasi kenaikan (sedikit) reflektansi vitrinit pada batubara yang dekat dengan jalur patahan akibat efek shear stress saat terjadi patahan. Kalau Mas Yudi berminat tar fullpaper-nya saya kirim ke japri saja. ----------------------------------------------------- http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/01665162/1999/00000042/00000001/art00027 International Journal of Coal Geology,42(1),1999,p.1-31 The association between tectonic deformation, inorganic composition and coal rank in the bituminous coals from the South Wales coalfield, United Kingdom P. Fowler and R. A. Gayer Technical Services Department, Rugby Cement, Crown House, Rugby, Warwickshire CV21 2DT, UK Department of Earth Sciences, Cardiff University, PO Box 914, Cardiff CF1 3YE, UK Abstract Analysis of vertical distribution of coal rank in three collieries and one opencast mine in the SE of the South Wales coalfield has revealed deviations from Hilt's law in both proximate analyses and in vitrinite reflectance. The variations in rank parameters studied are closely correlated with variations in the intensity of tectonic deformation, measured using a numerical deformation index (NDI). Three seams in the sequence were also analysed for major and trace element geochemistry and Rock Eval Pyrolysis. Variations in these parameters are related to thrust inclusion of floor and/or roof mudrocks into the seams. A detailed conceptual model of a major thrust and associated in-seam thrust detachments and lag faults is developed to explain the vertical rank profile by post-coalification faulting. It is concluded that, although the model can explain the vertical pattern of rank, the complexity of the required faults render the model improbable. The alternative mechanisms for enhancement of the rank parameters associated with tectonic deformation, including shear stress control, frictional heating and localised fluid flow are discussed and are thought more likely to be responsible for the deviations from Hilt's law in the vertical rank profile. Rank suppression shown by three seams, two of which are overlain by marine bands, is thought to be related to biochemical activity in the peat environment resulting from the influx of saline waters. ------------------------------------------------------ http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/01665162/1997/00000033/00000003/art00045 International Journal of Coal Geology,33(3),1997,p.209-228 A fault-related coalification anomaly in the Blanzy-Montceau Coal Basin (Massif Central, France) A. Golitsyn, L. Courel, and P. Debriette Geology Department, Moscow State University, Moscow 119899, Russia Centre des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Bourgogne et UMR 55 61 CNRS, 6, bd. Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France HBCM-DTD, BP 534, 42 007, Saint-Etienne Cédex 1, France Abstract The Stephanian intramontane Blanzy-Montceau Coal Basin is situated along a Variscan fault complex bordering the Upper Paleozoic Blanzy-Le Creusot-Bert graben. The deposition of coal-bearing strata was controlled by a complex of early faults known as the "Faille de Bordure" (FB, Border Fault). Another complex of Permian faults known as the "Faille de l'Est" (FE, Eastern Fault) is situated along the more central part of the coal basin. Coalification in the basin follows three main trends: (1) Increasing rank from upper to lower coal seams in accordance with a general vertical trend (Hilt, 1873). The gradient of volatile matter is higher than normal, ranging from 3% to I I% Vdaf per 100 m or from 0.09%/0.16% to 0.7% R per 100 m. (2) Increasing rank within each seam towards the FB fault, an anomaly which cannot be explained by differences in lithology, present-day seam geometry or paleocover thickness. The FB fault complex controlled the paleoheat flow. The anomaly can be explained by means of convective circulation. Descending and ascending waters were presumably the main agents (negative and positive respectively) of heat transfer. The FE fault complex was relatively cold because of rapid Permian sedimentation which may have acted as a cooling factor. (3) Increasing rank towards the extensionally up-lifted, crystalline basement blocks. Coalification in the Blanzy-Montceau Basin started during the Stephanian and was probably completed prior to the Stephanian fault tectonics. Convective and conductive heat flow transfer played an important role. During the Permian, convective circulation probably had a cooling effect. ---------------------------------------- ____________________________________________________________________________________ Bored stiff? Loosen up... Download and play hundreds of games for free on Yahoo! Games. http://games.yahoo.com/games/front ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hot News!!! CALL FOR PAPERS: send your abstract by 30 March 2007 to [EMAIL PROTECTED] Joint Convention Bali 2007 - The 32nd HAGI, the 36th IAGI, and the 29th IATMI Annual Convention and Exhibition, Bali Convention Center, 13-16 November 2007 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, send email to: iagi-net-unsubscribe[at]iagi.or.id To subscribe, send email to: iagi-net-subscribe[at]iagi.or.id Visit IAGI Website: http://iagi.or.id Pembayaran iuran anggota ditujukan ke: Bank Mandiri Cab. 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-- Noel ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hot News!!! CALL FOR PAPERS: send your abstract by 30 March 2007 to [EMAIL PROTECTED] Joint Convention Bali 2007 - The 32nd HAGI, the 36th IAGI, and the 29th IATMI Annual Convention and Exhibition, Bali Convention Center, 13-16 November 2007 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, send email to: iagi-net-unsubscribe[at]iagi.or.id To subscribe, send email to: iagi-net-subscribe[at]iagi.or.id Visit IAGI Website: http://iagi.or.id Pembayaran iuran anggota ditujukan ke: Bank Mandiri Cab. Wisma Alia Jakarta No. Rek: 123 0085005314 Atas nama: Ikatan Ahli Geologi Indonesia (IAGI) Bank BCA KCP. Manara Mulia No. Rekening: 255-1088580 A/n: Shinta Damayanti IAGI-net Archive 1: http://www.mail-archive.com/iagi-net%40iagi.or.id/ IAGI-net Archive 2: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/iagi ---------------------------------------------------------------------
