Linux-Misc Digest #691, Volume #18 Tue, 19 Jan 99 09:13:16 EST
Contents:
Re: CRON: /bin/bash: root: command not found (Brian McCauley)
Harddisk image ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: RedHat 5.1 default security. (Matt Kracht)
Re: ? on poorly described -r & -R options of cp. (Tom Fawcett)
Re: How to HEX DUMP an ascii file? (Staffan H�m�l�)
Re: My partition choice (Michael Meissner)
Experiences of Hi-Tech USA? ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Debian and netbase start/stop problems (Ruud van den Brink)
Re: Linux keyboard? (For emacs use) (Gabor)
Re: Hi, ("Jan Stifter")
Re: GTK+ 1.1.x question (Joe Ringer)
Re: cfdisk problem. help!! (John Strange)
Re: Linux is not even in Windows 9X's class. (Allen Versfeld)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Brian McCauley <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: CRON: /bin/bash: root: command not found
Date: 19 Jan 1999 12:19:33 +0000
Miguel Angel Moreno <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> I have a problem with one of my linux machines. I've installed Red Hat
> 4.2, the same version as my other three computers, but in this
> computer it sends a message to the root each minute saying "root:
> command not found". I tried to remove the error line, and the error
> jumps to the next crontab line. Why? :D
There are two alternative formats for crontab used by different
implementations of cron. One format has a username field the other
does not. You have a crontab with a username field and a cron program
that uses the format without.
I do not use RH so I can't say how you got into this situation.
--
\\ ( ) No male bovine | Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
. _\\__[oo faeces from | Phones: +44 121 471 3789 (home)
.__/ \\ /\@ /~) /~[ /\/[ | +44 121 627 2173 (voice) 2175 (fax)
. l___\\ /~~) /~~[ / [ | PGP-fp: D7 03 2A 4B D8 3A 05 37...
# ll l\\ ~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ | http://www.wcl.bham.ac.uk/~bam/
###LL LL\\ (Brian McCauley) |
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Harddisk image
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 12:51:20 GMT
I have some troubles with the creation
of a image file of my harddisk.
(I need it for fast recovery in the
case of a system crash).
I use NT and Linux and so i thought i
could manage it with linux-tools:
1) Boot from Linux CD
2) Mount nfs drive
3) Copy whole drive to nfs:
dd if=/dev/hda | compress >/nfs/hda.img
4) Delete local harddrive
....Recovery:
5) Boot from Linux CD
6) Mount nfs drive
4) cat /nfs/hda.img | uncompress | dd of=/dev/hda
The result of this procedure:
All NT partitions can be recovered but no Linux partitions !!
Can anybody help ?
Partition info:
hda1 NTFS
hda2 extended partition marked bootable
hda5 NTFS
hda6 NTFS
hda7 Linux /root
hda8 Linux /
hda9 Linux /home
hda10 Linux swap
hda11 Linux swap
hda12 Linux /usr
Regards, Otto Klingesberger
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------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Matt Kracht)
Subject: Re: RedHat 5.1 default security.
Date: 19 Jan 1999 09:58:34 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
On Mon, 18 Jan 1999 11:29:39 -0000, mcv <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>If I add a user to a RedHat 5.1 box, and they telnet to the system, will
>they be able to cause any damage to the system, e.g. - delete files, run
>config programs?
Whenever you let someone log on to your system, there's the possibility
that they could do nasty things to it. However, if you take some simple
precautions, the chances of them doing damage to your system (on purpose
or by accident) is minimized.
First, you'll want to make sure that you don't have any stray suid
programs. Do a 'find / -perm +4000 -print' to see all the suid
programs on your system. If any of them don't *need* to be suid,
change their permissions to be normal (ie, 'chmod 755 <filename>').
Programs that use SVGALib (such as zgv, DOOM, Quake, etc) need to
be suid if you want normal users to be able to use them. If you
don't care about normal users being able to use these programs,
then strip them of the suid bit. The XFree86 X servers no longer
need to be suid root, just a wrapper script. I'm pretty sure that
Red Hat 5.1 shipped with the wrapper script, but if it didn't, go
to ftp.redhat.com and get the updated XFree86 packages. There are
a couple programs, like ping and traceroute, that need to be suid
root if you want normal users to be able to use them. You don't
*have* to give them access to these programs, though.
By default I don't think Red Hat uses shadow passwords. You'll want
to enable them. Type in 'pwconv' to convert your old password file
to shadow password style. This will make your system much more
secure, since normal users won't be able to copy the encrypted
passwords from /etc/password and crack them.
You'll also probably want to mess with limiting the resources a user
can use up. You can use disk quotas to keep one user from filling
up your entire /home partition, and you can use ulimit (bash) or
limit (tcsh) to limit the amount of processes or memory that can
be allocated. Remember to people give people enough room to get
work done. Setting draconian limits will make your system unusable.
See the man pages for bash and tcsh for instructions on how to set
limits.
That should at least get you started.
------------------------------
From: Tom Fawcett <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: ? on poorly described -r & -R options of cp.
Date: 19 Jan 1999 07:59:12 -0500
Terry Husie <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> From the "cp" man page:
>
> -r Copy directories recursively, copying all non-
> directories as if they were regular files.
> -R, --recursive
> Copy directories recursively.
>
> So, what's that last phrase of -r supposed to mean?
> What's the difference between -r and -R, in English?
Almost all GNU utilities man pages, including cp's, mention that the full
docs are available as info files (some even say that the man page is
obsolete). The fileutils info page has a more complete explanation:
`-r'
Copy directories recursively, copying any non-directories and
non-symbolic links (that is, FIFOs and special files) as if they
were regular files. This means trying to read the data in each
source file and writing it to the destination. Thus, with this
option, `cp' may well hang indefinitely reading a FIFO, unless
something else happens to be writing it.
For a more graphic demonstration, try:
cp -R /dev mydev
then:
cp -r /dev mydev
-Tom
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Staffan H�m�l�)
Subject: Re: How to HEX DUMP an ascii file?
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 13:05:24 GMT
On Thu, 07 Jan 1999 21:37:37 GMT, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Vern ) wrote:
>I would like to pipe it to a file and then use it to proof read a file we are
>having problems with to see if there are any transparent or imbedded extra
>cr, lf tabs etc....
If it's a textfile you want to look at, you might want to try
"more -z textfile", which will display for example tabs as ^I,
backspace as ^H, return as ^M, and so on. It can be quite handy
sometimes.
Also, you can try "cat textfile | xd", which will dump the hex
codes used.
There are also a bunch of programs that you can download, like
hextype, hexdump, etc, that does the job.
The program I like the most for this kind of thing is mc (Midnight
Commander), which is really great. Mc comes as standard on most
(all?) Linux distributions. It's not only a filemanager, you can
also view files in ascii/hex mode. It's also possible to edit
files in hex mode.
/Staffan - [EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: Michael Meissner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.unix.questions,comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.os.linux
Subject: Re: My partition choice
Date: 18 Jan 1999 23:22:03 -0500
DaZZa <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> On 18 Jan 1999, Michael Meissner wrote:
>
> > > So, if you're having 256 Mb of RAM, then 512 Mb of swap is OK - however,
> > > as others have stated, you'll need to do it over several partitions - 127
> > > Mb is the largest swap partition size Linux will allow.
> >
> > Actually this is old information. I believe the latest 2.2.0-prex kernels and
> > latest e2fs tools will now allow you to create swap partitions > 128 megabytes.
>
> They're not exactly the stable ones a good percentage of Linux users run,
> are they though?
I don't know, except for the office laptop, or briefly when installing RedHat,
I haven't run a 'stable', kernel in at least a year (SMP works so much better
in 2.[12].x kernels for my work machine). However, if somebody actually wants
to create a large swapfile size, I feel it is useful to tell them that they
don't have to go to the trouble of creating lots of dinky 128 meg partitions.
--
Michael Meissner, Cygnus Solutions (Massachusetts office)
4th floor, 955 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
[EMAIL PROTECTED], 617-354-5416 (office), 617-354-7161 (fax)
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Experiences of Hi-Tech USA?
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 09:07:36 GMT
I just got a quote from Hi-Tech USA for a Linux AMD Laptop, which seems fair.
But before rushing away and just buying it, I'd like to know what experiences
other people have had of Hi-Tech USA. Excellent support? Perfect installation
of Linux? Other things to consider?
Thanks
N
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------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Ruud van den Brink)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.networking
Subject: Debian and netbase start/stop problems
Date: Mon, 18 Jan 1999 23:42:13 GMT
Hi Folks,
When i boot my system, everything works fine. Then I enter:
/etc/init.d/netbase stop
....
/etc/init.d/netbase start
Now i can't connect to any TCP port anymore. No telnet. No FTP. No
Samba. Nothing. InetD refuses any connection. My logfile:
Jan 18 23:16:43 stress inetd[24328]: bump_nofile: cannot extend file
limit, max
= 24
Jan 18 23:16:43 stress last message repeated 5 times
Jan 18 23:16:43 stress inetd[24328]: netbios-ns/udp: unknown service
Jan 18 23:16:43 stress inetd[24328]: socks/tcp: unknown service
Jan 18 23:16:43 stress inetd[24328]: swat/tcp: unknown service
Jan 18 23:17:27 stress inetd[24331]: getpwnam: root: No such user
Jan 18 23:20:19 stress inetd[24339]: getpwnam: root: No such user
Jan 18 23:20:38 stress inetd[24340]: getpwnam: root: No such user
Jan 18 23:20:44 stress inetd[24341]: getpwnam: root: No such user
Jan 18 23:20:53 stress inetd[24343]: getpwnam: root: No such user
Jan 18 23:21:01 stress inetd[24347]: getpwnam: root: No such user
Jan 18 23:21:12 stress inetd[24348]: getpwnam: root: No such user
Jan 18 23:22:49 stress inetd[24350]: getpwnam: root: No such user
Jan 18 23:22:57 stress init: Switching to runlevel: 6
Jan 18 23:22:58 stress inetd[24353]: getpwnam: root: No such user
So far, there are two problems. netbios-ns, socks and swat are all in
the services file. The user root exists ofcourse. The very strange
thing is, that a system reboot will get everything to work, even
samba, even swat and even socks.
Does somebody have any idea?
Ruud.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Gabor)
Crossposted-To:
comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.misc,comp.emacs,comp.editors
Subject: Re: Linux keyboard? (For emacs use)
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 13:12:42 GMT
In comp.editors, Ilya <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote :
#
#
#
# I am interested in a "soft-touch" keyboard for a Linux workstation that has
# one Control key on the home row - by the "A" key or "Caps lock" key, instead
# of 2 Control keys on the bottom like on Windows keyboards. I would like to
# hear someone recommend a keyboard with these specifications.
I am not sure about Linux, but in FreeBSD it's painless to remap the
keyboard to whatever you want. You'd use 'kbdcontrol' to do this.
There must be a way on Linux as well.
# The best example I can think of is a keyboard for DEC 5000/33. workstation.
# Another example is a keyboard for older HP-UX workstations, although they
# had tiny, difficult to use, control keys. Needless to say, these proprietory
# keyboards do not work on anything else.
#
# Another example is made by PFU America Inc. (http://www.pfuca.com/). Happy
# Hacking Keyboard has a big Control key and loks good but is missing function
# keys.
#
# The reason I am asking is because I find Emacs infinitely easier to use with
# a Control key on the home row, and practically unusable for a long time with
# Windows 95/PC type keyboards. Of course, that is just my opinion and I
# realize others differ. Still, I'd like to hear suggestions.
# Thanks in advance.
#
#
#
#
------------------------------
From: "Jan Stifter" <j.stifter@[no-spam]usa.net>
Crossposted-To:
comp.os.linux.networking,comp.os.linux.x,comp.os.linux.admin,comp.os.linux,comp.security.unix,comp.unix.bsd.misc,comp.os.ms-windows.nt.admin.security,comp.security.firewalls,comp.security.misc
Subject: Re: Hi,
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 14:15:46 +0100
>How can i test my system myselve..
>I have one computer that is not behind the fire wall so i can hack
>myselve in my own system-computer to test the fire wall.
>A am lurning a lot but it is not easy, never told it was easy...
>For me it is a project to get it running wihout problems, i was
>managing ok sofar, until mister hacker came along.
>
>I tried to get some programs. But most of the time hard to get..
>
>Does anyone have some programs or links to programs that test ports,
>sniff, maybe test ipspoofing problems, programs running on a port i
>forgot about... Just a program that looks for holes...
>
>Does something like that exist?
>What do you recomend...
>Maybe you can send it to me...
you may want to take a look at SATAN: System Administrator Tool for
Analyzing Network
>By the way is there a way to stop a hacker trieing?
analyze your logs and find out, from where he is coming, then call the
sysadm from the source. if it is always the same ip, close this ip for some
time...
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Joe Ringer)
Subject: Re: GTK+ 1.1.x question
Date: 19 Jan 1999 13:12:03 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
On Fri, 15 Jan 1999 20:48:13 +0000, Kerry J. Cox wrote:
>Quick question. It seems that so many programs now are using GTK+
>1.1.x However, I know that GIMP won't run using the 1.1 libraries. Is
>there any simple way to have both my gtk+-1.0.6-3 rpm file and the
>latest gtk+-1.1.2 rpm installed? I already tried to install the
>earliest gtk+1.1 and then GIMP wouldn't run. Can I simply do a "rpm
>-ivh gtk+-1.1....rpm" instead of a "rpm -Uvh gtk+1.1...rpm" and have
>both installed?
The easiest solution for me was to upgrade the GIMP to 1.1
--
clear skies, |http://www.erols.com/jringer3/astro1.htm
Joe |
|The internet treats censorship like
|damage and routes around it.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (John Strange)
Subject: Re: cfdisk problem. help!!
Date: 19 Jan 1999 12:55:11 GMT
Down and dirty fix
Hate to even post this here but,
Run DOS`s fdisk. (no flames please)
Create an EXTENDED partition on you free space.
Create a small Logical Drive, this will be your swap partition.
Create a logical drive for the rest of the free space.
Now use cfdisk to change the logical disk`s id to swap an native linux.
nick ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
: --------------AA299F7FAC877D7E4A45D5CF
: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: hi.. when i try to run cfdisk, i get "FATAL ERROR: Bad primary
: partition", and cfdisk exits. does anyone know what the problem might
: be? i have one HDD, 9 gigs... the first 4 gigs have win95, followed by
: 2 gigs of free space (which i want to give to linux, using cfdisk),
: followed by a swap partition, a /boot partition, and my root partition
: (linux, of course). i'm running redhat 5.2
: ...thanks for any help!!
: -nick
: --
: Darth Vader doesn't have two light sabers!!
: --------------AA299F7FAC877D7E4A45D5CF
: Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
: <HTML>
: hi.. when i try to run cfdisk, i get "FATAL ERROR: Bad
: primary partition", and cfdisk exits. does anyone know what the problem
: might be? i have one HDD, 9 gigs... the first 4 gigs have win95,
: followed by 2 gigs of free space (which i want to give to linux, using
: cfdisk), followed by a swap partition, a /boot partition, and my root partition
: (linux, of course). i'm running redhat 5.2
: <P>...thanks for any help!!
: <P>-nick
: <PRE>--
: Darth Vader doesn't have two light sabers!!</PRE>
: </HTML>
: --------------AA299F7FAC877D7E4A45D5CF--
--
While Alcatel may claim ownership of all my ideas (on or off the job),
Alcatel does not claim any responsibility for them. Warranty expired when u
opened this article and I will not be responsible for its contents or use.
------------------------------
From: Allen Versfeld <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.linux,alt.os.linux,comp.os.linux.advocacy
Subject: Re: Linux is not even in Windows 9X's class.
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 14:38:04 +0200
Anyone who bases a statement on the reliability (or lack thereof) of MS
products, based on their experiences on one system, or even one large
group of systems, is taking a chance. In my experience as (ex)PC
technician, doing build-ups, installations, repairs AND telephonic
support, I have found that some PC's will hang 2 - 3 times per HOUR
(admittedly, this often turned out to be hardware fault) while others
worked flawlessly for weeks at a time (I once saw an old 486 that had
reportedly Never hung! Not even once!). Sometimes, after doing a bare
bones installation of Windows 95, and loading up the drivers, I would be
left with a system as stable as a one legged man on a tight-rope. But
after reformatting the drive, completely reinstalling, following the
*exact* same steps, it worked like a dream.
More than half of all the faults logged (in my workshop, at least) that
were software related could be solved simply by reinstalling the
software, or in drastic cases, deleting the windows directory and
reinstalling everything afterwards.
So, I wouldn't call Windows "unreliable", so much as completely
unpredictable, with a bad temper and a serious attitude problem.
In fact, I reformat my home PC (win95) every 6 months, as standard
procedure, just to keep performance up! (excuse: I don't have linux at
home, because I only use the PC for gaming, and I don't feel confident
enough to try and port DirectX 6 ;-D )
Bitbucket wrote:
>
> On Sat, 16 Jan 1999 23:25:32 -0800, Arthur <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> >> I think the poster's point is that the stability issue is somewhat
> >> overblown. If windows was as_bad_as_COLA folks say, it would have
> >> never managed the saturation it has.
> >
> >Windows market saturation is more dependent on marketing to
> >computer manufacturers and its monopoly position than on the
> >quality customers perceive or don't perceive. the reverse of
> >that statement - that Windows IS as bad a COLA folks say, and
> >that's one reason Linux is growing rapidly - is probably
> >closer to the truth.
>
> You can stand on a street corner and give away shit in a brown bag all
> day. Your percentage of return customers will decline rapidly.
> I for one cannot fault MS on their marketing machine. It is a wonder
> to behold. But if their products were as bad as COLA poster's claim,
> MS would be no better off than the brown bag seller on the street.
> The University Hospital center in my town has Windows 95 -8 -NT PC's
> in practically every dept of the hospital. I'm talking several 100
> PC's that have a variety of uses. If these PC's crashed three or four
> times a day the administration of the infrastructure would come to a
> grinding halt. They don't, it doesn't. It would not be allowed to
> happen. Granted they run custom applications in many scenarios and
> nothing else. But the PC's also run Outlook for messaging on exchange
> servers. They don't crash three or four times a day. Period.
> Marketing yes, it has played a huge role in MS's success.
> But if the products were as bad as portrayed in here this marketing
> would not allow MS the sustained penetration, new markets, and staying
> power that they now hold in many small, medium, and coming soon,,
> larger business's. I'm not trying to say that Linux couldn't do the
> same thing, possibly even better. But it won't in it's current state.
> Companies need standardization and support contracts. Even if it is
> somewhat of a ripoff. Linux right now has neither, and as long as the
> desktops, community colleges and training centers educate on MS
> offerings this is not going to change real soon.
--
Allen Versfeld
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Wandata
"I hate quotations" - Ralph Waldo Emerson
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Misc Digest
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