Hi all,

I completely concur with the opinion listed in Sander's email regarding the value of "hands on" certification.  I am a RHCE and instructor myself and I firmly believe that LPIC should be a "hands on" exam, not a multiple choice exam.

Sander correctly states the biggest issue regarding "hands on" exams: How these sorts of exams can be administered throughout the world while maintaining the integrity of the exam seems to be a daunting task.  However, another concern is that to make an exam "hands on" really requires you to pick a specific distro to do the exam on.  This appears to "break" the LPIC mandate of making "vendor neutral" exam.  My thoughts on these two issues:
#1  Putting together a "hands on" exam is not impossible.  While it may not be possible to make use of the current delivery methods (Prometric or other testing centers), it is possible by putting together a new matrix of testing centers.  Using existing testing centers may seem like an easy solution, but easy isn't always "best" (otherwise we would all think Microsoft Windows is the "best" Operating System).  I think you will find that many training sites would be interested in becoming a LPIC testing center (I will volunteer my training site in San Diego, Technical Training Resources, for example).  Picking a single testing center in a geographic location can make the administration of this matrix less daunting. 

#2  Ok, the vendor-neutral issue might stir things up a bit here.  I believe that if the distro that is chosen for the exams doesn't have a commercial bent to it (like, for example, Ubuntu) is an acceptable platform for such an exam.  To make the overall exam vendor nuetral, you can include a small multiple choice quiz in addition to the "hands on" portion to the exam (Red Hat used to do this for RHCE exam).
 Those are my thoughts...I'm interested in what others have to say!

-Bo Rothwell

Sander van Vugt wrote:
Hi List,

Just proctered the 101 and 102 last weekend for 13 guys in the
Netherlands. Amongst them was a true Linux expert, who commented "I'm
sure I've failed". His - IMHO correct - remark: Why should I know the
difference between blah -d and blah -D if in the real world I would do
blah --help to find out how it works and use the command appropriately
within 30 seconds? I couldn't agree to him more, especially after
listening to some examples about the questions that these people have
had. Please allow me to elaborate a little.

"hands on" certifications seem to make so much more sense these days.
Take the Novell CLP/CLE or the Red Hat RHCE exams, these measure real
working knowledge of real working systems. I know, this isn't possible
because we (LPI) want to be able to take exams everywhere, even if no
infrastructure is available, and do it for a reasonable price as well.
So that's a dead end. 

Any alternative that would work? Well, maybe there is. Has anyone of you
ever taken a Microsoft test? In their more advanced tests, they have
scenario's and try to measure real world knowledge. For example: let's
say we want to make a question in which we want to measure knowledge of
the tar command. You can go two directions:

1) A user wants to make a compressed backup of his home directory. What
command would he use?

a.	tar -zfvx .
b.	tar -cz .
c.	tar -czf blah .

Another way is by making it a tiny little scenario in which we don't
measure knowledge of options, but the ability to use the command (I
know, the question is lame, it's the idea that counts):

2) A user has problems making an archive of his home directory. Every
time he tries to do so, he gets an error message: "Cowardly refusing to
create an empty archive". Which is the most likely cause for this error?

a.	he tries to make a tar for a directory that is empty
b.	he has forgotten the -f option to specify the file he wants to make
the backup for
c.	he has forgotten a specification like . at the end of the command to
indicate what exactly he has forgotten. 

I know, asking questions in this way makes LPI 1 easier compared to what
it is now. This adds to the thought that Matt has had recently, that
maybe the level should be somewhat lower. If we *really* want to make
LPIC-1 a junior level admin certification, we shouldn't ask about
options no one ever uses, we should ask about things that are used in
real life. Small scenario questions are so much more real.

To finish this, a fact that shocked me. Just to do a self test, I did
some of those preparations that you can find on the internet myself. I'm
not new to Linux, I'm using it since 1993 and I hold all relevant Linux
certifications and passed LPIC-1 a long time ago. Also I'm a trainer,
preparing junior admins for their jobs as a Linux admin at least a week
a month, doing that for more than seven years now. Guess what my results
were? Yes, I failed. Either I must be a very stupid person / drank to
much beer the evening before, or something really is wrong. 

Looking forward to your comments.

Sander van Vugt


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