While Pavlov might have denied his status as 'pscyhologist', Vygotsky was considered an outsider to the psychological establishment of his nation. He seems in terms of his reading (who he cites anyway) and understandings rooted in the phenomenological traditions (Brentano and after) which gave the world versions of empirical psychology (Brentano, Stumpf), but also gestalt psychology, and the philosophical phenomenology of and after Husserl. In terms of concerns and approaches, the strongest parallels I can find are Merleau-Ponty. In terms of mainstream academia today, his biggest impact has been in American education (they always cite Dewey, Vygotsky and Freire--while Americans dutifully avoid any Marx or Marxism in Vygotsky or Freire) and perhaps, although unknown to most who read them now, 'social semiotics' people, such as functionalist (not Eastern Bloc functionalism) linguistic M. Halladay.
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