yoi, dia pake BING! ya memang beliau rada eksentrik sih :| tapi tetep aja setelah adegan itu, adegan2 berikutnya jadi rada kurang keren heheheh
2010/8/23 冴羽獠 (Ryo Saeba) <[email protected]> > > > tapi gak buka google. > > On Sun, Aug 22, 2010 at 10:51 PM, Athena <[email protected]> wrote: > >> sherlock holmes-nya pake internet explorer :( >> *salah fokus* >> >> 2010/8/22 冴羽獠 (Ryo Saeba) <[email protected]> >> > >> > >> > malah makin bingung. di wiki pun nggak ada beda yang jelas. intinya >> adalah, mereka bisa membedakan mana yang benar dan mana yang salah, they >> just don't care. >> > >> > Portrait of a sociopath >> > >> > From Craig, M., Catani, M., Deeley, Q., Latham, R., Daly, E., Kanaan, >> R., Picchioni, M., McGuire, P., Fahy, T., & Murphy, D. (2009). Altered >> connections on the road to psychopathy Molecular Psychiatry, 14 (10), >> 946-953 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2009.40 >> > >> > The manipulative con-man. The guy who lies to your face, even when he >> doesn’t have to. The child who tortures animals. The cold-blooded killer. >> Psychopaths are characterised by an absence of empathy and poor impulse >> control, with a total lack of conscience. About 1% of the total population >> can be defined as psychopaths, according to a detailed psychological profile >> checklist. They tend to be egocentric, callous, manipulative, deceptive, >> superficial, irresponsible and parasitic, even predatory. The majority of >> psychopaths are not violent and many do very well in jobs where their >> personality traits are advantageous and their social tendencies tolerated. >> However, some have a predisposition to calculated, “instrumental” violence; >> violence that is cold-blooded, planned and goal-directed. Psychopaths are >> vastly over-represented among criminals; it is estimated they make up about >> 20% of the inmates of most prisons. They commit over half of all violent >> crimes and are 3-4 times more likely to re-offend. They are almost entirely >> refractory to rehabilitation. These are not nice people. >> > >> > So how did they get that way? Is it an innate biological condition, a >> result of social experience, or an interaction between these factors? >> Longitudinal studies have shown that the personality traits associated with >> psychopathy are highly stable over time. Early warning signs including >> “callous-unemotional traits” and antisocial behaviour can be identified in >> childhood and are highly predictive of future psychopathy. Large-scale twin >> studies have shown that these traits are highly heritable – identical twins, >> who share 100% of their genes, are much more similar to each other in this >> trait than fraternal twins, who share only 50% of their genes. In one study, >> over 80% of the variation in the callous-unemotional trait across the >> population was due to genetic differences. In contrast, the effect of a >> shared family environment was almost nil. Psychopathy seems to be a lifelong >> trait, or combination of traits, which are heavily influenced by genes and >> hardly at all by social upbringing. >> > >> > The two defining characteristics of psychopaths, blunted emotional >> response to negative stimuli, coupled with poor impulse control, can both be >> measured in psychological and neuroimaging experiments. Several studies have >> found decreased responsiveness of the amygdala to fearful or other negative >> stimuli in psychopaths. They do not seem to process heavily loaded emotional >> words, like “rape”, for example, any differently from how they process >> neutral words, like “table”. This lack of response to negative stimuli can >> be measured in other ways, such as the failure to induce a galvanic skin >> response (heightened skin conduction due to sweating) when faced with an >> impending electrical shock. Psychopaths have also been found to >> underactivate limbic (emotional) regions of the brain during aversive >> learning, correlating with an insensitivity to negative reinforcement. The >> psychopath really just doesn’t care. In this, psychopaths differ from many >> people who are prone to sudden, impulsive violence, in that those people >> tend to have a hypersensitive negative emotional response to what would >> otherwise be relatively innocuous stimuli. >> > >> > What these two groups have in common is poor impulse control. This >> faculty relies on the part of the brain called the prefrontal cortex, most >> particularly the orbitofrontal cortex. It is known that lesions to this part >> of the brain impair planning, prediction of consequences, and inhibition of >> socially unacceptable behaviour – the cognitive mechanisms of “free won’t”, >> rather than free will. This brain region is also normally activated by >> aversive learning, and this activation is also reduced in psychopaths. In >> addition, both the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala show substantial >> average reductions in size in psychopaths, suggesting a structural >> difference in their brains. >> > >> > These findings have now been united by a recent study that directly >> analysed connectivity between these two regions. Using diffusion tensor >> imaging (see post of August 31st 2009), Craig and colleagues found that a >> measure of the integrity of the axonal tract connecting these two regions, >> called the uncinate fasciculus, was significantly reduced in psychopaths. >> Importantly, connectivity of these regions to other parts of the brain was >> normal. These data thus suggest a specific disruption of the network >> connecting orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala in psychopaths, the degree of >> which correlated strongly with the subjects’ scores on the psychopathy >> checklist. >> > >> > All of these findings are pointing to a picture of psychopathy as an >> innate, genetically driven difference in connectivity between parts of the >> brain that normally drive empathy, conscience and impulse control. Not a >> fault necessarily, and not something that could be classified as a disease >> or that is always a disadvantage. At a certain frequency in the population, >> the traits of psychopathy may be highly advantageous to the individual. >> > >> > This conclusion has serious ethical and legal implications. Could a >> psychopath mount a legal defense by saying “my brain made me do it”? Or my >> “genes made me do it”? Is this any different from saying my rotten childhood >> made me do it? Psychopaths know right from wrong – they just don’t care. >> That is what society calls “bad”, not “mad”. But if they are >> constitutionally incapable of caring, can they really be blamed for it? On >> the other hand, if violent psychopaths are a continuing danger to society >> and completely refractory to rehabilitation, what is to be done with them? >> Perhaps, as has been proposed in the UK, people with the extreme >> psychopathic personality profile (or maybe in the near future even a >> specific genetic profile?) should be monitored or segregated even before >> they commit a crime. >> > >> > While it is crucial that these debates are informed by good science, >> these issues have no clear-cut answers. They will be resolved on a pragmatic >> basis, weighing the behaviour that society is willing to tolerate versus the >> rights of the individual, whatever their brains look like, to define their >> own moral standards. >> > >> > -- >> > >> http://ryosaeba.wordpress.com/2010/08/16/membedah-artikel-jiplakan-di-koran-anak-indonesia/ >> > >> > >> > >> > >> >> >> -- >> Orange Planet Company >> >> >> ------------------------------------ >> >> >> -- >> [OOT]http://nusagames.blogspot.com/ >> it's a new way of life!.. >> SPAMMERS WELCOME!!Yahoo! Groups Links >> >> >> >> > > > -- > > http://ryosaeba.wordpress.com/2010/08/16/membedah-artikel-jiplakan-di-koran-anak-indonesia/ > > > > -- Orange Planet Company
