beliau ?
On Mon, Aug 23, 2010 at 9:42 AM, Athena <[email protected]> wrote: > > > yoi, dia pake BING! > ya memang beliau rada eksentrik sih :| > > tapi tetep aja setelah adegan itu, adegan2 berikutnya jadi rada kurang > keren heheheh > > 2010/8/23 冴羽獠 (Ryo Saeba) <[email protected]> > > >> >> tapi gak buka google. >> >> On Sun, Aug 22, 2010 at 10:51 PM, Athena <[email protected]> wrote: >> >>> sherlock holmes-nya pake internet explorer :( >>> *salah fokus* >>> >>> 2010/8/22 冴羽獠 (Ryo Saeba) <[email protected]> >>> > >>> > >>> > malah makin bingung. di wiki pun nggak ada beda yang jelas. intinya >>> adalah, mereka bisa membedakan mana yang benar dan mana yang salah, they >>> just don't care. >>> > >>> > Portrait of a sociopath >>> > >>> > From Craig, M., Catani, M., Deeley, Q., Latham, R., Daly, E., Kanaan, >>> R., Picchioni, M., McGuire, P., Fahy, T., & Murphy, D. (2009). Altered >>> connections on the road to psychopathy Molecular Psychiatry, 14 (10), >>> 946-953 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2009.40 >>> > >>> > The manipulative con-man. The guy who lies to your face, even when he >>> doesn’t have to. The child who tortures animals. The cold-blooded killer. >>> Psychopaths are characterised by an absence of empathy and poor impulse >>> control, with a total lack of conscience. About 1% of the total population >>> can be defined as psychopaths, according to a detailed psychological profile >>> checklist. They tend to be egocentric, callous, manipulative, deceptive, >>> superficial, irresponsible and parasitic, even predatory. The majority of >>> psychopaths are not violent and many do very well in jobs where their >>> personality traits are advantageous and their social tendencies tolerated. >>> However, some have a predisposition to calculated, “instrumental” violence; >>> violence that is cold-blooded, planned and goal-directed. Psychopaths are >>> vastly over-represented among criminals; it is estimated they make up about >>> 20% of the inmates of most prisons. They commit over half of all violent >>> crimes and are 3-4 times more likely to re-offend. They are almost entirely >>> refractory to rehabilitation. These are not nice people. >>> > >>> > So how did they get that way? Is it an innate biological condition, a >>> result of social experience, or an interaction between these factors? >>> Longitudinal studies have shown that the personality traits associated with >>> psychopathy are highly stable over time. Early warning signs including >>> “callous-unemotional traits” and antisocial behaviour can be identified in >>> childhood and are highly predictive of future psychopathy. Large-scale twin >>> studies have shown that these traits are highly heritable – identical twins, >>> who share 100% of their genes, are much more similar to each other in this >>> trait than fraternal twins, who share only 50% of their genes. In one study, >>> over 80% of the variation in the callous-unemotional trait across the >>> population was due to genetic differences. In contrast, the effect of a >>> shared family environment was almost nil. Psychopathy seems to be a lifelong >>> trait, or combination of traits, which are heavily influenced by genes and >>> hardly at all by social upbringing. >>> > >>> > The two defining characteristics of psychopaths, blunted emotional >>> response to negative stimuli, coupled with poor impulse control, can both be >>> measured in psychological and neuroimaging experiments. Several studies have >>> found decreased responsiveness of the amygdala to fearful or other negative >>> stimuli in psychopaths. They do not seem to process heavily loaded emotional >>> words, like “rape”, for example, any differently from how they process >>> neutral words, like “table”. This lack of response to negative stimuli can >>> be measured in other ways, such as the failure to induce a galvanic skin >>> response (heightened skin conduction due to sweating) when faced with an >>> impending electrical shock. Psychopaths have also been found to >>> underactivate limbic (emotional) regions of the brain during aversive >>> learning, correlating with an insensitivity to negative reinforcement. The >>> psychopath really just doesn’t care. In this, psychopaths differ from many >>> people who are prone to sudden, impulsive violence, in that those people >>> tend to have a hypersensitive negative emotional response to what would >>> otherwise be relatively innocuous stimuli. >>> > >>> > What these two groups have in common is poor impulse control. This >>> faculty relies on the part of the brain called the prefrontal cortex, most >>> particularly the orbitofrontal cortex. It is known that lesions to this part >>> of the brain impair planning, prediction of consequences, and inhibition of >>> socially unacceptable behaviour – the cognitive mechanisms of “free won’t”, >>> rather than free will. This brain region is also normally activated by >>> aversive learning, and this activation is also reduced in psychopaths. In >>> addition, both the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala show substantial >>> average reductions in size in psychopaths, suggesting a structural >>> difference in their brains. >>> > >>> > These findings have now been united by a recent study that directly >>> analysed connectivity between these two regions. Using diffusion tensor >>> imaging (see post of August 31st 2009), Craig and colleagues found that a >>> measure of the integrity of the axonal tract connecting these two regions, >>> called the uncinate fasciculus, was significantly reduced in psychopaths. >>> Importantly, connectivity of these regions to other parts of the brain was >>> normal. These data thus suggest a specific disruption of the network >>> connecting orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala in psychopaths, the degree of >>> which correlated strongly with the subjects’ scores on the psychopathy >>> checklist. >>> > >>> > All of these findings are pointing to a picture of psychopathy as an >>> innate, genetically driven difference in connectivity between parts of the >>> brain that normally drive empathy, conscience and impulse control. Not a >>> fault necessarily, and not something that could be classified as a disease >>> or that is always a disadvantage. At a certain frequency in the population, >>> the traits of psychopathy may be highly advantageous to the individual. >>> > >>> > This conclusion has serious ethical and legal implications. Could a >>> psychopath mount a legal defense by saying “my brain made me do it”? Or my >>> “genes made me do it”? Is this any different from saying my rotten childhood >>> made me do it? Psychopaths know right from wrong – they just don’t care. >>> That is what society calls “bad”, not “mad”. But if they are >>> constitutionally incapable of caring, can they really be blamed for it? On >>> the other hand, if violent psychopaths are a continuing danger to society >>> and completely refractory to rehabilitation, what is to be done with them? >>> Perhaps, as has been proposed in the UK, people with the extreme >>> psychopathic personality profile (or maybe in the near future even a >>> specific genetic profile?) should be monitored or segregated even before >>> they commit a crime. >>> > >>> > While it is crucial that these debates are informed by good science, >>> these issues have no clear-cut answers. They will be resolved on a pragmatic >>> basis, weighing the behaviour that society is willing to tolerate versus the >>> rights of the individual, whatever their brains look like, to define their >>> own moral standards. >>> > >>> > -- >>> > >>> http://ryosaeba.wordpress.com/2010/08/16/membedah-artikel-jiplakan-di-koran-anak-indonesia/ >>> > >>> > >>> > >>> > >>> >>> >>> -- >>> Orange Planet Company >>> >>> >>> ------------------------------------ >>> >>> >>> -- >>> [OOT]http://nusagames.blogspot.com/ >>> it's a new way of life!.. >>> SPAMMERS WELCOME!!Yahoo! Groups Links >>> >>> >>> >>> >> >> >> -- >> >> http://ryosaeba.wordpress.com/2010/08/16/membedah-artikel-jiplakan-di-koran-anak-indonesia/ >> >> >> > > > -- > Orange Planet Company > > > -- Q
