dude, missed by a mile. On Mon, Aug 23, 2010 at 10:54 AM, [email protected] < [email protected]> wrote:
> Bedanya bukan dari sudut padang penyebabnya? Sosiopat itu karena trauma > pengalaman hidup masa kecil, psikopat karena side effect something physical > in the brain? > > Tapi lalu orang yang waktu kecil pernah jatuh dari kereta gegar otak berat > dan cederanya gak sembuh 100 persen, itu sosiopat apa psikopat? > > --- Sent with System SEVEN - the new generation of mobile messaging > > - original message - > Subject: [ng] abis nonton sherlock, jadi nyari apa bedanya sociopath dan > psychopath > From: "冴羽獠 (Ryo Saeba)" <[email protected]> > Date: 22-08-2010 21:49 > > malah makin bingung. di wiki pun nggak ada beda yang jelas. intinya adalah, > mereka bisa membedakan mana yang benar dan mana yang salah, they just don't > care. > Portrait of a sociopath< > http://www.sociopathworld.com/p/portrait-of-sociopath.html> > From Craig, M., Catani, M., Deeley, Q., Latham, R., Daly, E., Kanaan, R., > Picchioni, M., McGuire, P., Fahy, T., & Murphy, D. (2009). Altered > connections on the road to psychopathy Molecular Psychiatry, 14 (10), > 946-953 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2009.40 > > The manipulative con-man. The guy who lies to your face, even when he > doesn’t have to. The child who tortures animals. The cold-blooded killer. > Psychopaths are characterised by an absence of empathy and poor impulse > control, with a total lack of conscience. About 1% of the total population > can be defined as psychopaths, according to a detailed psychological > profile > checklist. They tend to be egocentric, callous, manipulative, deceptive, > superficial, irresponsible and parasitic, even predatory. The majority of > psychopaths are not violent and many do very well in jobs where their > personality traits are advantageous and their social tendencies tolerated. > However, some have a predisposition to calculated, “instrumental” violence; > violence that is cold-blooded, planned and goal-directed. Psychopaths are > vastly over-represented among criminals; it is estimated they make up about > 20% of the inmates of most prisons. They commit over half of all violent > crimes and are 3-4 times more likely to re-offend. They are almost entirely > refractory to rehabilitation. These are not nice people. > > So how did they get that way? Is it an innate biological condition, a > result > of social experience, or an interaction between these factors? Longitudinal > studies have shown that the personality traits associated with psychopathy > are highly stable over time. Early warning signs including > “callous-unemotional traits” and antisocial behaviour can be identified in > childhood and are highly predictive of future psychopathy. Large-scale twin > studies have shown that these traits are highly heritable – identical > twins, > who share 100% of their genes, are much more similar to each other in this > trait than fraternal twins, who share only 50% of their genes. In one > study, > over 80% of the variation in the callous-unemotional trait across the > population was due to genetic differences. In contrast, the effect of a > shared family environment was almost nil. Psychopathy seems to be a > lifelong > trait, or combination of traits, which are heavily influenced by genes and > hardly at all by social upbringing. > > The two defining characteristics of psychopaths, blunted emotional response > to negative stimuli, coupled with poor impulse control, can both be > measured > in psychological and neuroimaging experiments. Several studies have found > decreased responsiveness of the amygdala to fearful or other negative > stimuli in psychopaths. They do not seem to process heavily loaded > emotional > words, like “rape”, for example, any differently from how they process > neutral words, like “table”. This lack of response to negative stimuli can > be measured in other ways, such as the failure to induce a galvanic skin > response (heightened skin conduction due to sweating) when faced with an > impending electrical shock. Psychopaths have also been found to > underactivate limbic (emotional) regions of the brain during aversive > learning, correlating with an insensitivity to negative reinforcement. The > psychopath really just doesn’t care. In this, psychopaths differ from many > people who are prone to sudden, impulsive violence, in that those people > tend to have a hypersensitive negative emotional response to what would > otherwise be relatively innocuous stimuli. > > What these two groups have in common is poor impulse control. This faculty > relies on the part of the brain called the prefrontal cortex, most > particularly the orbitofrontal cortex. It is known that lesions to this > part > of the brain impair planning, prediction of consequences, and inhibition of > socially unacceptable behaviour – the cognitive mechanisms of “free won’t”, > rather than free will. This brain region is also normally activated by > aversive learning, and this activation is also reduced in psychopaths. In > addition, both the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala show substantial > average reductions in size in psychopaths, suggesting a structural > difference in their brains. > > These findings have now been united by a recent study that directly > analysed > connectivity between these two regions. Using diffusion tensor imaging (see > post of August 31st 2009), Craig and colleagues found that a measure of the > integrity of the axonal tract connecting these two regions, called the > uncinate fasciculus, was significantly reduced in psychopaths. Importantly, > connectivity of these regions to other parts of the brain was normal. These > data thus suggest a specific disruption of the network connecting > orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala in psychopaths, the degree of which > correlated strongly with the subjects’ scores on the ps > > > ------------------------------------ > > -- > [OOT]http://nusagames.blogspot.com/ > it's a new way of life!.. > SPAMMERS WELCOME!!Yahoo! Groups Links > > > > -- http://ryosaeba.wordpress.com/2010/08/16/membedah-artikel-jiplakan-di-koran-anak-indonesia/
