John - I agree with you and that's been my point. The connection of signs in 
sequence or rather, the connection of the triad of Relations in sequence has 
nothing to do with the three categories. I have no problem that the 
informational content of a sign, which is always made up of a triad of 
relations (object, representamen, interpretant) becomes part of the 
informational content both as an object and as a component of a representamen 
in the next sequence - that's obvious and necessary.  What I object to is 
viewing the sequence of First, Second, Third...as 'Firstness, Secondness and 
Thirdness'. And when I point out that the sign is a triad (of three Relations 
)...I am criticized for that!

Edwina
  ----- Original Message ----- 
  From: John Collier 
  To: [email protected] 
  Cc: Peirce-L 
  Sent: Tuesday, August 26, 2014 2:46 AM
  Subject: [biosemiotics:6533] Re: Abduction,


  Edwina, lIST,

  On my understanding of what Gary R said I don't think there is a substantive 
difference here. You have what I think are inessential flourishes on Peirce's 
view. You may not see them as inessential because of your pansemiotism, but I 
see no good reason to push semiotics back all the way just because there are 
categories of firstness, etc. I see these as standing on their own, 
independently of semiotics.

  I especially don't see the problem in your last paragraph. It seems to me 
that you have misinterpreted what Gary says, which involves the connection of 
signs in an sequence, not individual signs.

  John

  At 12:12 AM 2014-08-26, Edwina Taborsky wrote:

    I disagree with you, Gary. The Representamen relation is not the same as 
'representation'. The sign is a triad and can indeed be called a 
'representation'. The sign, which is a triad, is composed of three Relations: 
the Object Relation, the Representamen Relation and the Interpretant Relation. 
Please don't confuse the term of 'representation' with 'Representamen'.
     
    The Interpretant Relation moves the full semiosic triad into 'another 
representation' , i.e., into another triad, (1.339) but this is NOT the same as 
a 'Representamen'!
     
    The sign-in-itself, that triad of three relations,  is not a qualisign, 
sinsign, legisign; the Representamen is a qualisign, sinsign, legisign, which 
is to say, the Representamen in a mode of Firstness, Secondness and Thirdness. 
The categories are not 'flavours' but are actual modes of organization of 
matter/energy.
     
    How could a single sign have THREE Representamen Relations?...ie.. have its 
Representamen as qualisign, sinsign and also legisign? Whew. The fact that 'no 
sign stands alone' is valid but this doesn't mean that that same sign is a 
merged collation of ALL signs! Networking is not the same as a smoothie. 
(forgive the simplistic metaphor)..
     
    Edwina

      ----- Original Message ----- 

      From: Gary Richmond 

      To: Edwina Taborsky 

      Cc: [email protected] ; Peirce-L 

      Sent: Monday, August 25, 2014 5:48 PM

      Subject: Re: [PEIRCE-L] Re: [biosemiotics:6515] Re: Abduction,


      Edwina, Helmut, list


      As I've argued my position repeatedly in the past, all I'll add to what 
I've already said is that, for Peirce, the interpretant is itself a 
representamen as is the object (immediate object). 


      CP 1.339. The easiest of [the ideas in which Thirdness is predominant] 
which are of philosophical interest is the idea of a sign, or representation. A 
sign stands for something to the idea which it produces, or modifies. Or, it is 
a vehicle conveying into the mind something from without. That for which it 
stands is called its object; that which it conveys, its meaning; and the idea 
to which it gives rise, its interpretant. The object of representation can be 
nothing but a representation of which the first representation is the 
interpretant. But an endless series of representations, each representing the 
one behind it, may be conceived to have an absolute object at its limit. The 
meaning of a representation can be nothing but a representation. In fact, it is 
nothing but the representation itself conceived as stripped of irrelevant 
clothing. But this clothing never can be completely stripped off; it is only 
changed for something more diaphanous. So there is an infinite regression here. 
Finally, the interpretant is nothing but another representation to which the 
torch of truth is handed along; and as representation, it has its interpretant 
again. Lo, another infinite series.


      So, "sign, or representation" 

      and "the object of representation can be nothing but a representation"

      and "the first representation is the interpretant"

      and "the meaning of a representation can be nothing but a representation"

      and "the interpretant is nothing but another another representation [and] 
it has its interpretant again.


      So it is all "sign, or representation."


      And yet it is a leading principal of Peircean semiotics that these (sign, 
object, interpretant) stand in triadic relation, that they can be 
distinguished, but I'd maintain, only de post facto and analytically. There is 
nothing 'linear' about that even while it is possible to imagine that semiosis 
happens in time and is processual in at least that sense (although I certainly 
have never held for something along the lines of 'object then representamen 
then interpretant'--the very passage above argues against such a linear 
progression).


      And why shouldn't there be characteristic types of firstness in 
consideration of the sign in itself--qualisign, sinsign, and legisign--and yet 
these all be expressions of firstness with categorial 'flavors' shall we say? 
It's not as if these three are necessarily characters of the same sign 
(although they could be). There are myriad firstnesses, so that in the analysis 
of signs one can distinguish these three characters, the monadic, the dyadic, 
and the triadic, which Peirce does--thus, for example, the statement of a 
syllogism taken as a sign has the dominant character of a legisign (while one 
can find aspects of sinsign and qualisign as well--no sign stands alone, and 
far from it)


      To try to clarify this somewhat from a standpoint emphasizing the 
categories more than the application of phenomenological insights to semiotics, 
the phaneron is one, yet there are to be discovered in it three categories. 
Further, one finds that, expect in certain types of analyses, one never finds 
one category independent of the others (although it might dominate). Well, 
that's just a hint. But surely it would be an error to hypostatize the three 
categories, would it not?


      Returning to semiotics, I'd say that taking an ax to these analytical 
matters represents to me the profoundest error. After all, the several 
trichotomies and the various classes of signs (10-classes, 64-classes, etc.) 
are meant to be guides to our analysis and understanding, and it appears to me 
to be a grave mistake to hypostatize them (this, of course, holds a fortiori 
for the categories as well).


      Best,


      Gary




      Gary Richmond

      Philosophy and Critical Thinking

      Communication Studies

      LaGuardia College of the City University of New York

      C 745

      718 482-5690



      On Mon, Aug 25, 2014 at 4:29 PM, Edwina Taborsky <[email protected]> 
wrote:

        As I keep pointing out, I consider it a serious error to confuse 
Peirce's linear order of the processing semiosis of the  triad (moving from 
Object via Representamen to Interpretant and also, within the mediative 
Representamen reasoning, to Object to Interpretant)..as having anything at all 
to do with the modal categories of Firstness, Secondness and Thirdness! 



        Therefore, your (Gary R's) outline of the Sign - even though you 
declare that 'many' agree with you - I certainly don't - and I'm not going to 
bring in any 'ad populum' appeal. Again, I consider it a profound error to 
merge the three categorical modes with the linear processing order of the act 
of semiosis.  Your outline below contradicts the other small tables, a, b, c, 
which show the nine Relations - with which I DO agree. After all, if the 
representamen relation can be in a mode of Firstness, Secondness and 
Thirdness...then how can you confine it to 1ns, as you do below? 



        Sign:

        representamen (1ns)

        |> interpretant (3ns)

        object (2ns)



        Edwina

          ----- Original Message ----- 

          From: Gary Richmond 

          To: [email protected] ; Peirce-L 

          Sent: Monday, August 25, 2014 4:02 PM

          Subject: [biosemiotics:6515] Re: Abduction,


          Helmut, 


          I think what you are pointing to as the "overall role" of the 
interpretant as 3ns is reflected in this passage:


          CP 2.274. A Sign, or Representamen, is a First which stands in such a 
genuine triadic relation to a Second, called its Object, as to be capable of 
determining a Third, called its Interpretant, to assume the same triadic 
relation to its Object in which it stands itself to the same Object. The 
triadic relation is genuine, that is its three members are bound together by it 
in a way that does not consist in any complexus of dyadic relations. That is 
the reason the Interpretant, or Third, cannot stand in a mere dyadic relation 
to the Object, but must stand in such a relation to it as the Representamen 
itself does. Nor can the triadic relation in which the Third stands be merely 
similar to that in which the First stands, for this would make the relation of 
the Third to the First a degenerate Secondness merely. The Third must indeed 
stand in such a relation, and thus must be capable of determining a Third of 
its own; but besides that, it must have a second triadic relation in which the 
Representamen, or rather the relation thereof to its Object, shall be its own 
(the Third's) Object, and must be capable of determining a Third to this 
relation. All this must equally be true of the Third's Thirds and so on 
endlessly; and this, and more, is involved in the familiar idea of a Sign. . .


          Many Peirce scholars, although not Edwina, I believe, see the 
following categorial relation in semiotics. 


          Sign:

          representamen (1ns)

          |> interpretant (3ns)

          object (2ns)


          Then I think we all agree that each of these has it tricategorial 
relations:


          (a) Representamen:

          qualisign (1ns)

          |> legisign (3ns)

          sinsign (sin==single, 2ns)


          (b) Object:

          icon (1ns)

          |>symbol (3ns)

          index (2ns)


          (c) Intepretant:

          Rheme ('term' generalized for semiotic, 1ns)

          |> Argument  (3ns)

          Dicisign ('proposition' generalized for semiotic, 2ns)


          In introducing the three trichotomies and, then, the 10-adic sign 
classification, Peirce writes:


          CP 2.243. Signs are divisible by three trichotomies; first [(a) 
above], according as the sign in itself is a mere quality, is an actual 
existent, or is a general law; secondly [(b) above], according as the relation 
of the sign to its object consists in the sign's having some character in 
itself, or in some existential relation to that object, or in its relation to 
an interpretant; third [(c) above], according as its Interpretant represents it 
as a sign of possibility or as a sign of fact or a sign of reason.


          Explicating the trichotomies (by which word, trichotomy, Peirce 
virtually always means some categorial trichotomy involving1ns, 2ns, and 3ns) 
based on CP 2.243 we get:


          (a) Representamen:

          qualisign (the sign is a mere quality)

          |> legisign (the sign is a general law)

          sinsign (the sign is an actual existent)


          (b) Object:

          icon (the relation of the sign to its object is some character in 
itself)

          |>symbol (the relation of the sign to its object is a relation to the 
interpretant)

          index (the relation of the sign to its object is an existential one)


          (c) Intepretant:

          Rheme (the interpretant represents the sign as one of possibility)

          |> Argument  (the interpretant represents the sign as one of reason)

          Dicisign (the interpretant represents the sign as one of fact)


          Immediately before introducing the 10-adic sign classification and 
descriptions of the 10 sign classes Peirce writes:


          CP 2.254. The three trichotomies of Signs result together in dividing 
Signs into TEN CLASSES OF SIGNS, of which numerous subdivisions have to be 
considered. The ten classes are as follows: [he then gives descriptions of the 
10]


          So, in this sense (and whether or not one sees the Interpretant as in 
itself expression of 3ns), Edwina is correct that only the Argument is an 
Interpretant representing its sign as a sign of reason, or, 3ns. Yet each and 
all of the 10 signs has within it a relation to its interpretant which is 
either rhematic, dicentic, or argumentative.


          Best,


          Gary










          Gary Richmond

          Philosophy and Critical Thinking

          Communication Studies

          LaGuardia College of the City University of New York

          C 745

          718 482-5690



          On Mon, Aug 25, 2014 at 3:08 PM, Helmut Raulien <[email protected]> 
wrote:

            Edwina, with my classification of representamen, object, and 
interpretant as 1ns, 2ns, 3ns I have meant just the overall role in a sign, 
like Peirce said "a first, a second, a third". With "overall role" I mean, 
before you look at the sign classes. Object being nontemporal, ok, that was an 
exaggeration: I meant to say, that it is (quite) permanent in the looked-at 
time scale (and a representamen is not. It is rather like an impulse: It 
appears, calls the object, then it is gone). Final interpretant turning into 
immediate object: Complicated, so just a reference: (Charles S. Peirse´s 
philosophy of signs, essays in comparative semiotics" by Gerard Deledalle, page 
74, Indiana University Press 2001.)

            This was not an attempt to convince you, Edwina, I am just hoping 
to not disagree with you about absolutely everything.

            Best, Helmut


            Von: "Edwina Taborsky" <[email protected]>



            Helmut - we'll just have to disagree - on just about everything.



             In my view, the Interpretant is NOT always in a mode of Thirdness. 
Indeed, in Peirce's classification of signs (CP 2.254)...you will see that the 
Interpretant Relation is in a mode of Thirdness only in ONE sign - the pure 
Argument. Otherwise, in the other nine classes of signs, it is in a mode of 
either Firstness or Secondness.



            I also disagree that Secondness is atemporal (nontemporality). It 
is, in my view, very specifically temporal (in perfect time; i.e., like a 
clock). If a sign was atemporal, then, it couldn't exist 'as itself'..in brute 
interaction with another sign. Matter organized in a mode of Secondness is in 
local space and 'this hic-et-nunc' time.



            The Representamen Relation, the relation of mediation, can be in 
any one of the three categorical modes. When it is in Thirdness, it is in 
progressive or continuous time. When it is in Secondness, it is in 'perfect' 
hic et nunc time. When it is in Firstness it is in 'now' time..which is 
non-linear with no past or future.



            I don't see how a final interpretant turns into an immediate 
object; the final interpretant is objective while the immediate object is 
subjective.



            And I think your speculation about induction/deduction is too 
'hopping convoluted' to answer in a reasonable manner.



            Edwina







              ----- Original Message -----

              From: Helmut Raulien

              To: [email protected]

              Sent: Monday, August 25, 2014 2:12 PM

              Subject: [biosemiotics:6512] Abduction,



              And I think, nonlocality and nontemporality (into the future)  
indicates an interpretant (3ns), while locality (and nontemporality) indicates 
an object (2ns). (Temporality indicates a representamen (1ns)) Might it be, 
that the question whether deduction is 2ns or 3ns is based on the fact, that 
the conclusion in a deduction is true, therefore a final interpretant (3ns), 
but a final interpretant then turns into an immediate object (2ns)? And the 
question, whether induction is 2ns or 3ns maybe based on the following: There 
are three kinds of induction: crude, quantitative, qualitative, said Peirce. I 
havent read it, but: If the induction is complete, it is a deduction (3ns). And 
if the number of elements in the set is known (I have seen only 309 frogs, all 
green, and there are 16754391 frogs existing), a deduction (3ns) about 
subjective probability (eg. that the next hopping-by frog will be green, or 
that all frogs are green) is implied in the elsehow 2ns induction. 



              Helmut


              Von: "Edwina Taborsky" <[email protected]>



              To add another twist, isn't it the case that deduction determines 
non-local necessary conclusions while induction is strictly local? That is, in 
my view, deduction provides a general rule that is valid and thus necessary in 
ALL cases, regardless of spatial and temporal domain. Induction, on the other 
hand does provide a general rule but it is valid only for the local spatial 
domain and current time.  Therefore deduction operates within a mode of 
Thirdness and induction within a mode of Secondness. Secondness, as Phyllis 
points out, is most certainly 'necessary' in that the interactions are 
determined by the facts of existentiality, but they are confined to that local 
space and current time. 



              Edwina





                ----- Original Message -----

                From: Gary Richmond

                To: Phyllis Chiasson

                Cc: peirce-l@list iupui. edu ; biosemiotics@lists ut. ee ; 
[email protected] ; Mary Libertin ; Helmut Raulien

                Sent: Sunday, August 24, 2014 9:39 PM

                Subject: Re: [PEIRCE-L] Re: PEIRCE-L] Abduction, 1ns, 
Induction, 2ns, Deduction, 3ns and Peirce's brief "confusion"



                Phyllis, all,



                It may be that rather then your brain being fogged, Phyllis, 
that I am simply wrong in, perhaps, overstating my position. Peirce remained 
indecisive, not completely certain in this matter as the material he 
substituted for the undelivered notes suggests. And there is even some 
hesitancy to come down definitively in the direction I've suggested in those 
very notes.



                As Nathan Houser suggests somewhere, Peirce never quite fully 
reconciled in his own thinking the relationship between those two trichotomies, 
that is, the three categories and the three inference patterns. 



                As for "where I'm headed," all I can say is that I have not 
been able to see things differently than I've presented them and I've found 
following this way of seeing things helpful. But fallibility remains my 
watchword in this as in other philosophical matters.



                So, keep getting stronger, take your meds, listen to your 
doctors, and don't stop posting!--it may well be that my analytical abilities 
are the ones that are muddy.



                Best,



                Gary



                 

                Gary Richmond

                Philosophy and Critical Thinking

                Communication Studies

                LaGuardia College of the City University of New York

                C 745

                718 482-5690

                 

                On Sun, Aug 24, 2014 at 9:24 PM, Phyllis Chiasson 
<[email protected]> wrote: 

                  Gary, et all,

                  Well, the docs warned me that there would probably be any of 
several cognitive consequences while I am taking these high doses of 
prednisone. This posting is probably a result of one or more of these effects, 
as I can't grasp where you are headed and I have a sense that my posting may be 
coming from an entirely different planet than this discussion is on. I think I 
know what I mean, but can't think how to clarify it.


                  So, my response will have to wait until my brain fog clears 
(if ever). Meanwhile, I'm going to refrain from posting until I feel confident 
that at least some of my analytical abilities have returned. 


                  Regards,

                  Phyllis


                  Gary Richmond <[email protected]> wrote: 

                  Phyllis, 



                  I must say that I find some of your remarks confusing, You 
wrote:



                  PC: Since deduction produces necessary results, it seems a 
little like brute actuality to me. 



                  But necessity (as lawfulness, as habit-taking, as necessary, 
that is, mathematical reasoning) is itself a character of thirdness for Peirce 
and exactly requires that there be brute actuality (vizl, that which has no 
reason, 2ns) for it to work on (embodied laws, existential 'results'). 



                  This is also the notion of would-be's (i.e., would 
necessarily be if the habits/conditions were to come into being) in Peirce's 
letters to James. Would-be's are 3ns, as May-be's are 1ns and Is's are 2ns. 



                  On the other hand brute actuality is most decidedly given by 
Peirce as existential synonym for secondness. 



                    Actuality is something brute. There is no reason in it. I 
instance putting your shoulder against a door and trying to force it open 
against an unseen, silent, and unknown resistance. We have a two-sided 
consciousness of effort and resistance, which seems to me to come tolerably 
near to a pure sense of actuality. On the whole, I think we have here a mode of 
being of one thing which consists in how a second object is. I call that 
Secondness. (CP 1.24)




                  You continued:



                  PC: Also, hasn't the later Peirce always ascribed 
generalization to induction of all kinds (universal propositions as crude; 
qualitative & quantitative as gradual)? So, Hypothesis = 1st, deduction as 
explicatation/demonstration= 2nd, and Induction as classification, testing, 
verification (which seems like a generalizing process to me) = 3rd.



                  I see it differently: "deduction as explication" is, in 
inquiry, the explication of the hypothesis for the purpose of devising tests to 
see to what extent the hypothesis conforms to reality. In such reasoning the 
'demonstrations' are essentially mathematical, necessarily following from the 
hypothesis if true. While any given test certainly has it "generalized" 
characters, the testing is typically in the context of some 'brute actuality'.



                  PC: Of course, the collapse of a universal proposition is a 
second, but I think that would be because the collapse is a necessary because 
the proposition (premise, etc) no longer holds. Not because it was inductively 
derived.



                  I'm afraid I don't follow your reasoning here. For example, 
what do you mean by "the collapse of a universal proposition" in this context? 



                  For my own part, I'm thinking along the line of this 
quotation, that the general "consists in governing individual events":



                    The very being of the General, of Reason, consists in its 
governing individual events. So, then, the essence of Reason is such that its 
being never can have been completely perfected. It always must be in a state of 
incipiency, of growth. , , [T]he development of Reason requires as a part of it 
the occurrence of more individual events than ever can occur. It requires, too, 
all the coloring of all qualities of feeling, including pleasure in its proper 
place among the rest. This development of Reason consists, you will observe, in 
embodiment, that is, in manifestation. (CP 1.615)




                  Best,



                  Gary



                   

                  Gary Richmond

                  Philosophy and Critical Thinking

                  Communication Studies

                  LaGuardia College of the City University of New York

                  C 745

                  718 482-5690

                   

                  On Sun, Aug 24, 2014 at 6:27 PM, Phyllis Chiasson 
<[email protected]> wrote: 

                    Gary asked: Are you saying that you see him changing his 
mind yet again in that regard, Phyllis?


                    I'm not sure. Since deduction produces necessary results, 
it seems a little like brute actuality to me. Also, hasn't the later Peirce 
always ascribed generalization to induction of all kinds (universal 
propositions as crude; qualitative & quantitative as gradual)? So, Hypothesis = 
1st, deduction as explicatation/demonstration= 2nd, and Induction as 
classification, testing, verification (which seems like a generalizing process 
to me) = 3rd. Of course, the collapse of a universal proposition is a second, 
but I think that would be because the collapse is a necessary because the 
proposition (premise, etc) no longer holds. Not because it was inductively 
derived.


                    Of course, you're correct that I'm thinking of inferences 
for inquiry (methodeutic) rather than

                    Regards,

                    Phyllis



                    Gary Richmond <[email protected]> wrote: 

                    Phyllis, all,



                    Ah, so Peirce changes his mind as to the subdivisions he 
will make of abduction and induction as he delves ever deeper into these in the 
N.A., there in consideration of inquiry, not merely as forms of inference. But 
I see no evidence in the N.A. (or elsewhere) that he changed his mind about the 
categoriality of induction and deduction. Are you saying that you see him 
changing his mind yet again in that regard, Phyllis? 



                    Best,



                    Gary



                     

                    Gary Richmond

                    Philosophy and Critical Thinking

                    Communication Studies

                    LaGuardia College of the City University of New York

                    C 745

                    718 482-5690

                     

                    On Sun, Aug 24, 2014 at 5:32 PM, Phyllis Chiasson 
<[email protected]> wrote: 

                      Gary R wrote:that Induction split, at once, into the 
Sampling of Collections, and the Sampling of Qualities. . . " (*Pragmatism as a 
Principle and Method of Right Thinking: The 1903 Harvard Lectures on 
Pragmatism*, Turrisi, ed. 276-7).


                      Yet later, in1908 in NA, Peirce identified 1. Retro. 2 
deduction types (theorematic & axiomatic sp?) And 3 kinds of induction (crude, 
qualitative, quantitative).


                      Phyllis 




                      Gary Richmond <[email protected]> wrote: 


Helmut, Cathy, Josh,
Mary, lists,


 

On several occasions
over the years I've taken up the matter of the categorial assignations
Peirce gave deduction and induction, the most recent being a peirce-l
post of March, 2012, in response to Cathy Legg writing: "I don't see
how one might interpret induction as secondness though. Though a
*misplaced* induction may well lead to the secondness of surprise due to
error."

https://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg00747.html


 

So, this is a subject
which clearly keeps coming up, most recently by you, Helmut, while a
couple of weeks ago Cathy and Josh Black, at the Peirce Centennial
Congress at U.Mass--or more precisely, on the way from that Congress to
Milford, PA, where a group of us placed a plaque commemorating that
Congress on a wall of Arisbe, Peirce's home there--both held for
induction as 3ns and deduction as 2ns, while I've been arguing, as has
Mary Libertin on the biosemiotics list recently, just the reverse, that,
except for a brief lapse (discusses below), Peirce saw induction as 2ns
and deduction as 3ns.


 

One can find in
Patricia Ann Turrisi's edition of the 1903 Harvard Lectures on
Pragmatism notes for "Lecture 5: The Normative Sciences" a
long note (#3) from which the following excerpt gives an account of
Peirce's lapse (his brief change of mind in the categorial assignations),
the reason for it, and his late tendency to more or less settle his
opinion again as deduction being 3ns and induction 2ns. He
writes:




"Abduction, or the
suggestion of an explanatory theory, is
inference

through an Icon, and is
thus connected with Firstness; Induction,
or

trying how things will
act, is inference through an Index, and is
thus

connected with
Secondness; Deduction, or recognition of the
relations

of general ideas, is
inference through a Symbol, and is thus
connected

with Thirdness. . .
[My] connection of Abduction with
Firstness,

Induction with
Secondness, and Deduction with Thirdness was
confirmed

by my finding no
essential subdivisions of Abduction; that
Induction

split, at once, into
the Sampling of Collections, and the Sampling
of

Qualities. . . "
(*Pragmatism as a Principle and Method of
Right

Thinking: The 1903
Harvard Lectures on Pragmatism*, Turrisi,
ed.

276-7).





Shortly after this he comments on his brief period of
"confusion" in the matter.



"[In] the book
called *Studies in Logic by Members of the
Johns

Hopkins University*,
while I stated the rationale of induction
pretty

well, I confused
Abduction with the Second kind of Induction, that
is

the induction of
qualities. Subsequently, writing in the
seventh

volume of the
Monist, sensible of the error of that book but not
quite

understanding in what
it consisted I stated the rationale of
Induction

in a manner more
suitable to Abduction, and still later in
lectures

here in Cambridge I
represented Induction to be connected with
the

third category and
Deduction with the Second" [op. cit,
277].





In the sense that for a few years Peirce was "confused"
about

these categorial associations of the inference patterns, he is at

least partially at fault in creating confusion in the minds of many

scholars about the categorial associations of the three inference

patterns. Still, he finally sees the error of his ways and corrects
himself:



At present [1903] I am
somewhat disposed to revert to
my

original
opinion.



 

And yet he adds that he
"will leave the question undecided."


 

Still, after 1903 he
never again associates deduction with

anything but 3ns, nor induction with anything but 2ns.


 

As I wrote in 2012:



GR: I myself have never
been able to think of deduction as anything
but

thirdness, nor
induction as anything but 2ns, and I think that
I

mainly have stuck to
that way of thinking because when,
in

methodeutic, Peirce
employs the three categories together
in

consideration of a
"complete inquiry"--as he does, for example,
very

late in life in *The
Neglected Argument for the Reality of God* in
the

section the CP editors
titled "The Three Stages of Inquiry" [CP
6.468

- 6.473; also, EP 2:440
- 442]--he *explicitly* associates
abduction

(here, 'retroduction',
of the hypothesis) with 1ns, deduction (of
the

retroduction's
implications for the purposes of devising tests of
it)

with 3ns, and induction
(as the inductive testing once devised)
with

2ns.






Best,


Gary



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------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Professor John Collier                                     [email protected]
  Philosophy and Ethics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041 South Africa
  T: +27 (31) 260 3248 / 260 2292       F: +27 (31) 260 3031
  Http://web.ncf.ca/collier
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