Re: [Tutor] Need help,please!

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 27/11/2018 21:04, Kamina Kamtarin wrote:
> A De/Coder. Think back to 3rd grade when you passed notes to friends in
> class. We can't let the teacher see what we're writing so we used a code.
> A=1, B=2, C=3, etc. Your job is to create a program which does the
> following:
> 
>1. Presents the user with a menu choice: encode or decode
>2. Depending on what they chose you will either encode letters into
>numbers (seperated by dashes) or decode a series of numbers (separated by
>dashes) into letters.
>3. For example:
>   - "How are you?" would encode as "8-15-23 1-18-5 25-15-21?"
>   - "8-15-23 1-18-5 25-15-21" would decode as "How are you?"

Look at the builtin ord() and chr() functions.

For example ord('A') -> 65 and ord('a') -> 97

Similarly chr(97) -> 'a' and chr(65) -> 'A'

Now a little bit of arithmetic should get you to/from 1.
How you handle upper/lower case issues is up to you, but if
they aren't important then the string upper() and lower()
methods may help too.

I don't know what you do with punctuation, you didn't say
but you should be able to get the core done using the above.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need help,please!

[Kamina Kamtarin]

A De/Coder. Think back to 3rd grade when you passed notes to friends in
class. We can't let the teacher see what we're writing so we used a code.
A=1, B=2, C=3, etc. Your job is to create a program which does the
following:

   1. Presents the user with a menu choice: encode or decode
   2. Depending on what they chose you will either encode letters into
   numbers (seperated by dashes) or decode a series of numbers (separated by
   dashes) into letters.
   3. For example:
  - "How are you?" would encode as "8-15-23 1-18-5 25-15-21?"
  - "8-15-23 1-18-5 25-15-21" would decode as "How are you?"
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Re: [Tutor] need help generating table of contents

[Albert-Jan Roskam]

From: Tutor  on behalf of 
Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de>
Sent: Monday, August 27, 2018 6:43 PM
To: tutor@python.org
Subject: Re: [Tutor] need help generating table of contents
  

Albert-Jan Roskam wrote:

> 
> From: Tutor  on behalf
> of Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> Sent: Friday, August 24, 2018 3:55 PM
> To: tutor@python.org
> 
>> The following reshuffle of your code seems to work:
>> 
>> print('\r\n** Table of contents\r\n')
>> pattern = '/Title \((.+?)\).+?/Page ([0-9]+)(?:\s+/Count ([0-9]+))?'
>> 
>> def process(triples, limit=None, indent=0):
>> for index, (title, page, count) in enumerate(triples, 1):
>> title = indent * 4 * ' ' + title
>> print(title.ljust(79, ".") + page.zfill(2))
>> if count:
>> process(triples, limit=int(count), indent=indent+1)
>> if limit is not None and limit == index:
>>  break
>> 
>> process(iter(re.findall(pattern, toc, re.DOTALL)))
> 
> Hi Peter, Cameron,
> 
> Thanks for your replies! The code above indeeed works as intended, but: I
> don't really understand *why*. I would assign a name to the following line
> "if limit is not None and limit == index", what would be the most
> descriptive name? I often use "is_*" names for boolean variables. Would
> "is_deepest_nesting_level" be a good name?



> No, it's not necessarily the deepest level. Every subsection eventually ends 
> at this point; so you might call it reached_end_of_current_section
> 
> Or just 'limit' ;) 

LOL. Ok, now I get it :-)

> The None is only there for the outermost level where no /Count is provided. 
> In this case the loop is exhausted.
> 
> If you find it is easier to understand you can calculate the outer count aka 
> limit as the number of matches - sum of counts:
> 



>> Also, I don't understand why iter() is required here, and why finditer()
> >is not an alternative.

>finditer() would actually work -- I didn't use it because I wanted to make 
> as few changes as possible to your code. What does not work is a list like 
>the result of findall(). This is because the inner for loops (i. e. the ones 
>in the nested calls of process) are supposed to continue the iteration 
>instead of restarting it. A simple example to illustrate the difference:

Ah, the triples cannot be unpacked inside the "for" line of the loop. This 
works:
def process(triples, limit=None, indent=0):
 for index, triple in enumerate(triples, 1):
 title, page, count = triple.groups()  # unpack it here
 title = indent * 4 * ' ' + title
 print(title.ljust(79, ".") + page.zfill(2))
 if count:
 process(triples, limit=int(count), indent=indent+1)
 if limit is not None and limit == index:
 break

process(re.finditer(pattern, toc, re.DOTALL))


If I don't do this, I get this error:
  File "Q:/toc/toc.py", line 64, in 
process(re.finditer(pattern, toc, re.DOTALL))
  File "Q:/Ctoc/toc.py", line 56, in process
for index, (title, page, count) in enumerate(triples, 1):
TypeError: '_sre.SRE_Match' object is not iterable

Process finished with exit code 1


Thanks again Peter! Very insightful!

Albert-Jan
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Re: [Tutor] need help generating table of contents

[Peter Otten]

Albert-Jan Roskam wrote:

> 
> From: Tutor  on behalf
> of Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> Sent: Friday, August 24, 2018 3:55 PM
> To: tutor@python.org
> 
>> The following reshuffle of your code seems to work:
>> 
>> print('\r\n** Table of contents\r\n')
>> pattern = '/Title \((.+?)\).+?/Page ([0-9]+)(?:\s+/Count ([0-9]+))?'
>> 
>> def process(triples, limit=None, indent=0):
>> for index, (title, page, count) in enumerate(triples, 1):
>> title = indent * 4 * ' ' + title
>> print(title.ljust(79, ".") + page.zfill(2))
>> if count:
>> process(triples, limit=int(count), indent=indent+1)
>> if limit is not None and limit == index:
>>  break
>> 
>> process(iter(re.findall(pattern, toc, re.DOTALL)))
> 
> Hi Peter, Cameron,
> 
> Thanks for your replies! The code above indeeed works as intended, but: I
> don't really understand *why*. I would assign a name to the following line
> "if limit is not None and limit == index", what would be the most
> descriptive name? I often use "is_*" names for boolean variables. Would
> "is_deepest_nesting_level" be a good name?

No, it's not necessarily the deepest level. Every subsection eventually ends 
at this point; so you might call it

reached_end_of_current_section

Or just 'limit' ;) 

The None is only there for the outermost level where no /Count is provided. 
In this case the loop is exhausted.

If you find it is easier to understand you can calculate the outer count aka 
limit as the number of matches - sum of counts:

def process(triples, section_length, indent=0):
for index, (title, page, count) in enumerate(triples, 1):
title = indent * 4 * ' ' + title
print(title.ljust(79, ".") + page.zfill(2))
if count:
process(triples, section_length=int(count), indent=indent+1)
if section_length == index:
break

triples = re.findall(pattern, toc, re.DOTALL)
toplevel_section_length = (
len(triples)
- sum(int(c or 0) for t, p, c in triples)
)
process(iter(triples), toplevel_section_length)

Just for fun here's one last variant that does away with the break -- and 
thus the naming issue -- completely:

def process(triples, limit=None, indent=0):
for title, page, count in itertools.islice(triples, limit):
title = indent * 4 * ' ' + title
print(title.ljust(79, ".") + page.zfill(2))
if count:
process(triples, limit=int(count), indent=indent+1)

Note that islice(items, None) does the right thing:

>>> list(islice("abc", None))
['a', 'b', 'c']


> Also, I don't understand why iter() is required here, and why finditer()
> is not an alternative.

finditer() would actually work -- I didn't use it because I wanted to make 
as few changes as possible to your code. What does not work is a list like 
the result of findall(). This is because the inner for loops (i. e. the ones 
in the nested calls of process) are supposed to continue the iteration 
instead of restarting it. A simple example to illustrate the difference:

 >>> s = "abcdefg"
>>> for k in range(3):
... print("===", k, "===")
... for i, v in enumerate(s):
... print(v)
... if i == 2: break
... 
=== 0 ===
a
b
c
=== 1 ===
a
b
c
=== 2 ===
a
b
c
>>> s = iter("abcdefg")
>>> for k in range(3):
... print("===", k, "===")
... for i, v in enumerate(s):
... print(v)
... if i == 2: break
... 
=== 0 ===
a
b
c
=== 1 ===
d
e
f
=== 2 ===
g




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Re: [Tutor] need help generating table of contents

[Albert-Jan Roskam]

From: Tutor  on behalf of 
Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de>
Sent: Friday, August 24, 2018 3:55 PM
To: tutor@python.org

> The following reshuffle of your code seems to work:
> 
> print('\r\n** Table of contents\r\n')
> pattern = '/Title \((.+?)\).+?/Page ([0-9]+)(?:\s+/Count ([0-9]+))?'
> 
> def process(triples, limit=None, indent=0):
>     for index, (title, page, count) in enumerate(triples, 1):
>     title = indent * 4 * ' ' + title
>     print(title.ljust(79, ".") + page.zfill(2))
>     if count:
>     process(triples, limit=int(count), indent=indent+1)
>     if limit is not None and limit == index:
>     break
> 
> process(iter(re.findall(pattern, toc, re.DOTALL)))

Hi Peter, Cameron,

Thanks for your replies! The code above indeeed works as intended, but: I don't 
really understand *why*.
I would assign a name to the following line "if limit is not None and limit == 
index", what would be the most descriptive name? I often use "is_*" names for 
boolean variables. Would "is_deepest_nesting_level" be a good name?

Also, I don't understand why iter() is required here, and why finditer() is not 
an alternative.

I wrote the bookmarks file myself, and the code above is part of a shell script 
that compiles a large .pdf, with openoffice commandline calls, ghostscript, 
git, pdftk and python. The human-readable toc and the pdf bookmarks will always 
be consistent if I only need to edit one file.

Thanks again!

Albert-Jan
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Re: [Tutor] need help generating table of contents

[Cameron Simpson]

On 24Aug2018 17:55, Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> wrote:

Albert-Jan Roskam wrote:

I have Ghostscript files with a table of contents (toc) and I would like

to use this info to generate a human-readable toc. The problem is: I can't
get the (nested) hierarchy right.


import re

toc = """\
[ /PageMode /UseOutlines
  /Page 1
  /View [/XYZ null null 0]
  /DOCVIEW pdfmark
[ /Title (Title page)
  /Page 1
  /View [/XYZ null null 0]
  /OUT pdfmark
[ /Title (Document information)
  /Page 2
  /View [/XYZ null null 0]
  /OUT pdfmark

[...]

What is the best approach to do this?


The best approach is probably to use some tool/library that understands
postscript.


Just to this: I disagree. IIRC, there's no such thing as '/Title' etc in 
PostScript - these will all be PostScript functions defined by whatever made 
the document.  So a generic tool won't have any way to extract semantics like 
titles from a document.


The OP presumably has the specific output of a particular tool with this nice 
well structured postscript, so he needs to write his/her own special parser.


Cheers,
Cameron Simpson 
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Re: [Tutor] need help generating table of contents

[Peter Otten]

Albert-Jan Roskam wrote:

> Hello,
> 
> I have Ghostscript files with a table of contents (toc) and I would like 
to use this info to generate a human-readable toc. The problem is: I can't 
get the (nested) hierarchy right.
> 
> import re
> 
> toc = """\
> [ /PageMode /UseOutlines
>   /Page 1
>   /View [/XYZ null null 0]
>   /DOCVIEW pdfmark
> [ /Title (Title page)
>   /Page 1
>   /View [/XYZ null null 0]
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Document information)
>   /Page 2
>   /View [/XYZ null null 0]
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Blah)
>   /Page 3
>   /View [/XYZ null null 0]
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Appendix)
>   /Page 16
>   /Count 4
>   /View [/XYZ null null 0]
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Sub1)
>   /Page 17
>   /Count 4
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Subsub1)
>   /Page 17
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Subsub2)
>   /Page 18
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Subsub3)
>   /Page 29
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Subsub4)
>   /Page 37
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Sub2)
>   /Page 40
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Sub3)
>   /Page 49
>   /OUT pdfmark
> [ /Title (Sub4)
>   /Page 56
>   /OUT pdfmark
> """
> print('\r\n** Table of contents\r\n')
> pattern = '/Title \((.+?)\).+?/Page ([0-9]+)(?:\s+/Count ([0-9]+))?'
> indent = 0
> start = True
> for title, page, count in re.findall(pattern, toc, re.DOTALL):
> title = (indent * ' ') + title
> count = int(count or 0)
> print(title.ljust(79, ".") + page.zfill(2))
> if count:
> count -= 1
> start = True
> if count and start:
> indent += 2
> start = False
> if not count and not start:
> indent -= 2
> start = True
> 
> This generates the following TOC, with subsub2 to subsub4 dedented one 
level too much:

> What is the best approach to do this?
 
The best approach is probably to use some tool/library that understands 
postscript. However, your immediate problem is that when there is more than 
one level of indentation you only keep track of the "count" of the innermost 
level. You can either use a list of counts or use recursion and rely on the 
stack to remember the counts of the outer levels.

The following reshuffle of your code seems to work:

print('\r\n** Table of contents\r\n')
pattern = '/Title \((.+?)\).+?/Page ([0-9]+)(?:\s+/Count ([0-9]+))?'

def process(triples, limit=None, indent=0):
for index, (title, page, count) in enumerate(triples, 1):
title = indent * 4 * ' ' + title
print(title.ljust(79, ".") + page.zfill(2))
if count:
process(triples, limit=int(count), indent=indent+1)
if limit is not None and limit == index:
break

process(iter(re.findall(pattern, toc, re.DOTALL)))



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[Tutor] need help generating table of contents

[Albert-Jan Roskam]

Hello,

I have Ghostscript files with a table of contents (toc) and I would like to use 
this info to generate a human-readable toc. The problem is: I can't get the 
(nested) hierarchy right.

import re

toc = """\
[ /PageMode /UseOutlines
  /Page 1
  /View [/XYZ null null 0]
  /DOCVIEW pdfmark
[ /Title (Title page)
  /Page 1
  /View [/XYZ null null 0]
  /OUT pdfmark
[ /Title (Document information)
  /Page 2
  /View [/XYZ null null 0]
  /OUT pdfmark
[ /Title (Blah)
  /Page 3
  /View [/XYZ null null 0]
  /OUT pdfmark
[ /Title (Appendix)
  /Page 16
  /Count 4
  /View [/XYZ null null 0]
  /OUT pdfmark
    [ /Title (Sub1)
  /Page 17
  /Count 4
  /OUT pdfmark
    [ /Title (Subsub1)
  /Page 17
  /OUT pdfmark
    [ /Title (Subsub2)
  /Page 18
  /OUT pdfmark
    [ /Title (Subsub3)
  /Page 29
  /OUT pdfmark
    [ /Title (Subsub4)
  /Page 37
  /OUT pdfmark
    [ /Title (Sub2)
  /Page 40
  /OUT pdfmark
    [ /Title (Sub3)
  /Page 49
  /OUT pdfmark
    [ /Title (Sub4)
  /Page 56
  /OUT pdfmark
"""    
print('\r\n** Table of contents\r\n')
pattern = '/Title \((.+?)\).+?/Page ([0-9]+)(?:\s+/Count ([0-9]+))?'
indent = 0
start = True
for title, page, count in re.findall(pattern, toc, re.DOTALL):
    title = (indent * ' ') + title
    count = int(count or 0)
    print(title.ljust(79, ".") + page.zfill(2))
    if count:
    count -= 1
    start = True
    if count and start:
    indent += 2
    start = False
    if not count and not start:
    indent -= 2
    start = True

This generates the following TOC, with subsub2 to subsub4 dedented one level 
too much:


** Table of contents

Title 
page.01
Document 
information...02
Blah...03
Appendix...16
  
Sub1.17
    
Subsub117
  
Subsub2..18
  
Subsub3..29
  
Subsub4..37
  
Sub2.40
  
Sub3.49
  
Sub4.56

What is the best approach to do this?

Thanks in advance!

Albert-Jan
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Re: [Tutor] Need help in learning Python

[Wallis Short]

I am also from a Linux background and I second exactly what James and David
said.

To learn Ubuntu, I would recommend installing Windows Subsystem for Linux
onto your existing Windows 10 setup  and then get the Ubuntu (or SUSE and
Debian) from the Microsoft store and install. It does have a few
limitations (especially on the GUI) but again which proper Linux Sysadmin
uses the GUI :)
Its quite simple to install as you add it via the "Windows Features" and
click on "Windows Subsystem for Linux"
This is an easy way to have Linux at your beck and call just by invoking
the OS by typing a command into the run command cmd

Unless of course you don't mind dual booting your laptop or have another
laptop/PC close by :)

Cheers

*Wallis Short*   Senior Network Engineer



Metro Fibre Networx (Pty) Ltd
www.metrofibre.co.za

298 Witch-Hazel Ave, Highveld, Centurion, Gauteng, 0157 South Africa



On 12 August 2018 at 18:51, Mats Wichmann  wrote:

>
> > Start with checking that pip is there (or installing it if not)
> > Then do PyGae
> > Then do Matplotlib
>
> For this, please note that the pip "command" is not in the same
> directory on Windows as the python it is associated with.  If you went
> through the steps to have Python in your PATH, and that works, then add
> another entry that is just the same but appends the \Scripts comoponent;
> OR where your instructions tell you to "pip install foo" at a command
> prompt do instead "python -m pip install foo"  I believe the latter is
> now the recommended way anyway, because it ensures the pip matches the
> python in case you have more than one copy installed on your system.
>
>
> For your other questions, you could instead of making  dual-boot setup,
> do some initial experiments with running a Linux virtual environment.
>
> Here's one possibility which will give you a ton of Python stuff already
> set up:
>
> https://labs.fedoraproject.org/python-classroom/download/index.html
>
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Re: [Tutor] Need help in learning Python

[Carlos Monge]

Thank you all. I will start in small steps. First Pygame and Ubuntu. I will
add any errors I get.

On Sun, Aug 12, 2018 at 11:51 AM, Mats Wichmann  wrote:

>
> > Start with checking that pip is there (or installing it if not)
> > Then do PyGae
> > Then do Matplotlib
>
> For this, please note that the pip "command" is not in the same
> directory on Windows as the python it is associated with.  If you went
> through the steps to have Python in your PATH, and that works, then add
> another entry that is just the same but appends the \Scripts comoponent;
> OR where your instructions tell you to "pip install foo" at a command
> prompt do instead "python -m pip install foo"  I believe the latter is
> now the recommended way anyway, because it ensures the pip matches the
> python in case you have more than one copy installed on your system.
>
>
> For your other questions, you could instead of making  dual-boot setup,
> do some initial experiments with running a Linux virtual environment.
>
> Here's one possibility which will give you a ton of Python stuff already
> set up:
>
> https://labs.fedoraproject.org/python-classroom/download/index.html
>
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Re: [Tutor] Need help in learning Python

[Mats Wichmann]

> Start with checking that pip is there (or installing it if not)
> Then do PyGae
> Then do Matplotlib

For this, please note that the pip "command" is not in the same
directory on Windows as the python it is associated with.  If you went
through the steps to have Python in your PATH, and that works, then add
another entry that is just the same but appends the \Scripts comoponent;
OR where your instructions tell you to "pip install foo" at a command
prompt do instead "python -m pip install foo"  I believe the latter is
now the recommended way anyway, because it ensures the pip matches the
python in case you have more than one copy installed on your system.


For your other questions, you could instead of making  dual-boot setup,
do some initial experiments with running a Linux virtual environment.

Here's one possibility which will give you a ton of Python stuff already
set up:

https://labs.fedoraproject.org/python-classroom/download/index.html

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Re: [Tutor] Need help in learning Python

[David Rock]

> On Aug 11, 2018, at 20:34, James Gledhill via Tutor  wrote:
> 
> I know this is a python focused mail group, but you asked about Linux so I'll 
> answer. :-)
> I would strongly recommend that you skip Kali Linux for the next little 
> while. Every tool available on Kali can be obtained on Ubuntu. Kali is not 
> beginner friendly, and while the community is great, honestly it's not the 
> most beginner friendly either. If you don't feel comfortable installing the 
> tools you need for your course on Ubuntu, Kali is going to give you a 
> splitting headache. Stick with Ubuntu, learn python, install the tools as you 
> need them and you will learn so much more.
> 

I will second that, and add if you really NEED Kali, it’s possible to run it as 
a Live image (eg, off a USB stick); you don’t need to install it to use it.
https://docs.kali.org/downloading/kali-linux-live-usb-install

Doing it this way, you get better flexibility with having Kali without 
[potentially] destroying what’s currently on your system through trying to set 
up a multi-boot environment.

Bite of smaller chunks instead of trying to learn everything at once and you 
will be a lot happier.


— 
David Rock
da...@graniteweb.com




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Re: [Tutor] Need help in learning Python

[James Gledhill via Tutor]

I know this is a python focused mail group, but you asked about Linux so I'll 
answer. :-)
I would strongly recommend that you skip Kali Linux for the next little while. 
Every tool available on Kali can be obtained on Ubuntu. Kali is not beginner 
friendly, and while the community is great, honestly it's not the most beginner 
friendly either. If you don't feel comfortable installing the tools you need 
for your course on Ubuntu, Kali is going to give you a splitting headache. 
Stick with Ubuntu, learn python, install the tools as you need them and you 
will learn so much more.

Trust me, it took me years to learn that lesson. :-|

 Original Message 
On Aug 11, 2018, 12:48 PM, Carlos Monge wrote:

> I bought two books to help me learn Python. "Python Crash Course" and
> "Python for Informatics". I have done all of the basic lessons in "Python
> Crash Course", but it has two additional sections to help instill what I
> have learned To do those sections I need to install Pygame and make sure I
> have 'pip' as well as Matplotlib. I have followed the directions in the
> book but can't get anything to download so I can use it.
> For the "Python for Informatics" book I need to have files from the
> internet load where I have Python so I can manipulate them, but I can't
> seem to get that to work.
>
> Also, I would like to install Ubuntu on a second drive with Python,
> Idle, C language and its compiler so I can also learn Linux. On the Linux
> drive, I need to install Kali Linux for a class on Cyber Security.
> I know this is a lot to ask, but I don't need it all at once. I would
> appreciate help from someone with experience in downloading all of these
> things onto a windows computer with a second drive for Ubuntu and all of
> the other software.
> Any help is appreciated, and if I find someone with the needed
> expertise, I will happily subscribe on the Python-Tutor Info Page/
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Re: [Tutor] Need help in learning Python

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 11/08/18 18:48, Carlos Monge wrote:

> have learned To do those sections I need to install Pygame and make sure I
> have 'pip' as well as Matplotlib. 

If you are using a recent Python (v3.4+) then pip should
already be installed. PyGame comes with a Windows installer
that should set everything up for you.

Matplotlib I don;t know about.

I suggest you work on each one individually.
Let us know what you try and what results you get.
Tell us your OS and Python versions and cut n paste
any error messages into your mails.

Don;t attempt a second install until the first one succeeds.

Start with checking that pip is there (or installing it if not)
Then do PyGae
Then do Matplotlib


>  Also, I would like to install Ubuntu on a second drive with Python,
> Idle, C language and its compiler so I can also learn Linux. On the Linux
> drive, I need to install Kali Linux for a class on Cyber Security.

Do you want Ubuntu or Kali - they are separate distros and
you can't have both at the same time. Since you need Kali
for your course I'd suggest going straight to it.

As for Python packages on Linux you should find that your
distribution has some kind of package manager or software
manager for installing new apps. You should find almost
all the Python libraries and tools are available there
and you can install them that way. It tends to be easier
than using pip etc.

>  Any help is appreciated, and if I find someone with the needed
> expertise, I will happily subscribe on the Python-Tutor Info Page/

That's not how it works. The whole group acts as a virtual
tutor. You post questions here and whoever is available/qualified
jumps in with the answer. That often means you get multiple
(possible different) answers to your question, but the best
will usually become apparent quite quickly.


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need help in learning Python

[Carlos Monge]

 I bought two books to help me learn Python. "Python Crash Course" and
"Python for Informatics". I have done all of the basic lessons in "Python
Crash Course", but it has two additional sections to help instill what I
have learned To do those sections I need to install Pygame and make sure I
have 'pip' as well as Matplotlib. I have followed the directions in the
book but can't get anything to download so I can use it.
 For the "Python for Informatics" book I need to have files from the
internet load where I have Python so I can manipulate them, but I can't
seem to get that to work.

 Also, I would like to install Ubuntu on a second drive with Python,
Idle, C language and its compiler so I can also learn Linux. On the Linux
drive, I need to install Kali Linux for a class on Cyber Security.
 I know this is a lot to ask, but I don't need it all at once. I would
appreciate help from someone with experience in downloading all of these
things onto a windows computer with a second drive for Ubuntu and all of
the other software.
 Any help is appreciated, and if I find someone with the needed
expertise, I will happily subscribe on the Python-Tutor Info Page/
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Re: [Tutor] Need help combining elements of a list of lists

[Jim]

On 07/10/2018 11:03 PM, Mats Wichmann wrote:

On 07/10/2018 09:09 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:

On Tue, Jul 10, 2018 at 09:46:57PM -0500, Jim wrote:


Say I have a list like ltrs and I want to print out all the possible 3
letter combinations. I want to combine letters from each inner list but
not combine any letters within the inner list itself. So ACF and ADF
would be ok but ABC would not.

I can lay it out manually and see the pattern, I cannot figure out how
to do it programically. Just in case this looks like homework it is not.
It's a small test case I devised to try to figure it out so I can apply
it to a bigger real world problem I am working on.

ltrs = [['A', 'B'], ['C', 'D', 'E'], ['F', 'G', 'H', 'I']]


If you know that there are just three sublists, then you can do this:

for a in ltrs[0]:
 for b in ltrs[1]:
 for c in ltrs[2]:
 print(a + b + c)

I trust that's easy enough to understand.

But here's a more general technique, where you don't need to know up
front how many nested lists there are:


from itertools import product  # short for "Cartesian Product"
for s in product(*ltrs):
 print(''.join(s))


This is one of those cases where: if it's homework, getting the nested
loops right is almost certainly the way to go.  If it isn't, then
itertools (that is, "using an available library solution") is almost
certainly the way to go :)

If the eventual case is not just "letters", and a list of combined lists
is the eventual goal, then the concise stanza is:

prods = list(product(*ltrs))

print(prods) then gives you:

[('a', 'c', 'f'), ('a', 'c', 'g'), ('a', 'c', 'h'), ('a', 'c', 'i'),
('a', 'd', 'f'), ('a', 'd', 'g'), ('a', 'd', 'h'), ('a', 'd', 'i'),
('a', 'e', 'f'), ('a', 'e', 'g'), ('a', 'e', 'h'), ('a', 'e', 'i'),
('b', 'c', 'f'), ('b', 'c', 'g'), ('b', 'c', 'h'), ('b', 'c', 'i'),
('b', 'd', 'f'), ('b', 'd', 'g'), ('b', 'd', 'h'), ('b', 'd', 'i'),
('b', 'e', 'f'), ('b', 'e', 'g'), ('b', 'e', 'h'), ('b', 'e', 'i')]

if you want them concatenated, then of course join is the way to do that.





Steven & Mats thanks for your replies.

It is more that just letters. I was reading Al Sweigart's book Cracking 
Codes with Python. I got to the chapter on substitution cyphers and 
wondered if his program could solve the daily Crypto Quips in the 
newspaper. Turns out it did not do a very good job because the quips 
were to short.


It did produce a dictionary where the keys are the letters of the 
alphabet and the items are a list of possible letters to substitute. If 
a key has no possible letters it is ignored, if a key has only one 
possible letter it considered a solution and plugged into the cypher. 
the keys with multiple possible letters are ones I am interested in.


I know you cannot brute force a substitution cypher but maybe I could 
loop over and combine the possible substitution letters and crack it 
that way. That's why I made up the letter problem, I wanted to see how 
to do it on a simple data set before attempting much more complex one.


It looks like the library solution is the way for me to try.

Regards,  Jim





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Re: [Tutor] Need help combining elements of a list of lists

[Jim]

On 07/10/2018 10:09 PM, David Rock wrote:



On Jul 10, 2018, at 22:04, David Rock  wrote:


On Jul 10, 2018, at 21:46, Jim  wrote:

ltrs = [['A', 'B'], ['C', 'D', 'E'], ['F', 'G', 'H', 'I']]


A fairly straightforward way is to use nested loops:


for l in ltrs[0]:

...   for j in ltrs[1]:
... for k in ltrs[2]:
...   print l,j,k



Sorry, let’s try to make that a little cleaner-looking

for x in ltrs[0]:
   for y in ltrs[1]:
 for z in ltrs[2]:
   print x,y,z



Seeing it in front of me it does look straight forward, I was having 
difficulty visualizing how to solve it.


thanks, Jim


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Re: [Tutor] Need help combining elements of a list of lists

[David Rock]

> On Jul 10, 2018, at 22:04, David Rock  wrote:
> 
>> On Jul 10, 2018, at 21:46, Jim  wrote:
>> 
>> ltrs = [['A', 'B'], ['C', 'D', 'E'], ['F', 'G', 'H', 'I']]
> 
> A fairly straightforward way is to use nested loops:
> 
 for l in ltrs[0]:
> ...   for j in ltrs[1]:
> ... for k in ltrs[2]:
> ...   print l,j,k
> 

Sorry, let’s try to make that a little cleaner-looking

for x in ltrs[0]:
  for y in ltrs[1]:
for z in ltrs[2]:
  print x,y,z


— 
David Rock
da...@graniteweb.com




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Re: [Tutor] Need help combining elements of a list of lists

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Tue, Jul 10, 2018 at 09:46:57PM -0500, Jim wrote:

> Say I have a list like ltrs and I want to print out all the possible 3 
> letter combinations. I want to combine letters from each inner list but 
> not combine any letters within the inner list itself. So ACF and ADF 
> would be ok but ABC would not.
> 
> I can lay it out manually and see the pattern, I cannot figure out how 
> to do it programically. Just in case this looks like homework it is not. 
> It's a small test case I devised to try to figure it out so I can apply 
> it to a bigger real world problem I am working on.
> 
> ltrs = [['A', 'B'], ['C', 'D', 'E'], ['F', 'G', 'H', 'I']]

If you know that there are just three sublists, then you can do this:

for a in ltrs[0]:
for b in ltrs[1]:
for c in ltrs[2]:
print(a + b + c)

I trust that's easy enough to understand.

But here's a more general technique, where you don't need to know up 
front how many nested lists there are:


from itertools import product  # short for "Cartesian Product"
for s in product(*ltrs):
print(''.join(s))


The *ltrs syntax might be a bit mysterious: it is called "sequence 
unpacking", and tells the interpreter to use each item from ltrs as a 
separate argument:

product(*ltrs)
=> product(ltrs[0], ltrs[1], ltrs[2])


-- 
Steve
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Re: [Tutor] Need help combining elements of a list of lists

[David Rock]

> On Jul 10, 2018, at 21:46, Jim  wrote:
> 
> ltrs = [['A', 'B'], ['C', 'D', 'E'], ['F', 'G', 'H', 'I']]

A fairly straightforward way is to use nested loops:

>>> for l in ltrs[0]:
...   for j in ltrs[1]:
... for k in ltrs[2]:
...   print l,j,k

A C F
A C G
A C H
A C I
A D F
A D G
A D H
A D I
A E F
A E G
A E H
A E I
B C F
B C G
B C H
B C I
B D F
B D G
B D H
B D I
B E F
B E G
B E H
B E I


Not the most elegant, but probably the easiest to follow.

— 
David Rock
da...@graniteweb.com




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[Tutor] Need help combining elements of a list of lists

[Jim]

Say I have a list like ltrs and I want to print out all the possible 3 
letter combinations. I want to combine letters from each inner list but 
not combine any letters within the inner list itself. So ACF and ADF 
would be ok but ABC would not.


I can lay it out manually and see the pattern, I cannot figure out how 
to do it programically. Just in case this looks like homework it is not. 
It's a small test case I devised to try to figure it out so I can apply 
it to a bigger real world problem I am working on.


ltrs = [['A', 'B'], ['C', 'D', 'E'], ['F', 'G', 'H', 'I']]

print(ltrs[0][0]+ltrs[1][0]+ltrs[2][0]) #ACF
print(ltrs[0][0]+ltrs[1][1]+ltrs[2][0]) #ADF
print(ltrs[0][0]+ltrs[1][2]+ltrs[2][0]) #AEF
print(ltrs[0][0]+ltrs[1][0]+ltrs[2][1]) #ACG
print(ltrs[0][0]+ltrs[1][1]+ltrs[2][1]) #ADG
print(ltrs[0][0]+ltrs[1][2]+ltrs[2][1]) #AEG
.
.
.
print(ltrs[0][1]+ltrs[1][2]+ltrs[2][3]) #BEI

thanks,  Jim

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Re: [Tutor] Need help with a login system

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sat, Jun 09, 2018 at 02:39:48PM +0200, Casper Rasmussen wrote:
> So I am trying to make a simple login system just for fun and found this
> video that has helped me a lot but there is a line I am not really sure how
> works.
> Screenshot at the bottom

Unless you edit your code with Photoshop, don't use screenshots to send 
pictures of code. Send the code itself. Just copy and paste it.

Not only are binary attachments like images, videos, sound files etc 
deleted by the mailing list, but screen shots make it hard for the 
visually impaired and blind to contribute to the discussion.

They also make it impossible for the recipients to work with the posted 
code, since it isn't text that can be copied and tested and edited, just 
pixels.


> The line I don't understand is:
> 
> user = {}
> 
> I understand the how list works but this list I can't figure out.

That's because it isn't a list.

https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/datastructures.html#dictionaries



-- 
Steve
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[Tutor] Need help with a login system

[Casper Rasmussen]

So I am trying to make a simple login system just for fun and found this
video that has helped me a lot but there is a line I am not really sure how
works.
Screenshot at the bottom

The line I don't understand is:

user = {}

I understand the how list works but this list I can't figure out. The
reason why I want to know how it works is so I can put in users before the
program launches.

The program works fine right now but I as said I can't figure out how to
put in users before the program launches.

(Mine is not  identical to the screenshot but because I am danish I
figured it would only be confusing if I send a screenshot with danish texts
in it)

Many thanks in advance


Best regards

Casper
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with a virtual environment mess

[Jim]

On 05/07/2018 12:02 PM, Mats Wichmann wrote:

On 05/07/2018 10:16 AM, Jim wrote:


My understanding of VE's, based on some feedback from here, is you
install install the python you want on the system then use it to install
your VE. Then you install what ever you need to the VE. In my case I had
a working VE based on python 3.5 then I received an upgrade to the
python version 3.6 I had installed. After that I had problems with the
3.5 VE that had been working.


yes, this happens.

the default behavior for virtualenv is to make links when creating the
VE, which saves copying things but is vulnerable to breakage if the
Python it's linking to receives major changes.  In the case of a
distribution upgrading the Python version, a VE constructed against the
old version will break if the links are version-specific.  Looking at
one virtualenv I have, {VEPATH}/lib/python3.6 is full of such symlinks,
e.g.:

lrwxrwxrwx.  1 mats mats26 Aug 17  2017 re.py ->
/usr/lib64/python3.6/re.py


Virtualenvs are cheap to recreate, so one approach is to just throw away
the old one and make a new one.


My problem is right now the default python3 for my system is also 
affected. If I type python3 I will see python version 3.5.2 and I cannot 
import tkinter there either.



you can also give virtualenv an option (--always-copy) to cause the
created virtualenv to be more self-contained, at a cost of some space
and tiem.

There are plenty of tools for managing python versions and virtualenv.
The python community changed directions a little bit recently, 'venv' is
now the recommended approach:

https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html


That is what I used to setup my VE's.


pyenv can manage different Python versions if you're interested in that.



I am going to see if I can find some log file that would give me a clue 
about what happened during the update.


Regards,  Jim


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Re: [Tutor] Need help with a virtual environment mess

[Mats Wichmann]

On 05/07/2018 10:16 AM, Jim wrote:

> My understanding of VE's, based on some feedback from here, is you
> install install the python you want on the system then use it to install
> your VE. Then you install what ever you need to the VE. In my case I had
> a working VE based on python 3.5 then I received an upgrade to the
> python version 3.6 I had installed. After that I had problems with the
> 3.5 VE that had been working.

yes, this happens.

the default behavior for virtualenv is to make links when creating the
VE, which saves copying things but is vulnerable to breakage if the
Python it's linking to receives major changes.  In the case of a
distribution upgrading the Python version, a VE constructed against the
old version will break if the links are version-specific.  Looking at
one virtualenv I have, {VEPATH}/lib/python3.6 is full of such symlinks,
e.g.:

lrwxrwxrwx.  1 mats mats26 Aug 17  2017 re.py ->
/usr/lib64/python3.6/re.py


Virtualenvs are cheap to recreate, so one approach is to just throw away
the old one and make a new one.

you can also give virtualenv an option (--always-copy) to cause the
created virtualenv to be more self-contained, at a cost of some space
and tiem.

There are plenty of tools for managing python versions and virtualenv.
The python community changed directions a little bit recently, 'venv' is
now the recommended approach:

https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html

pyenv can manage different Python versions if you're interested in that.

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Re: [Tutor] Need help with a virtual environment mess

[Jim]

On 05/06/2018 05:16 PM, boB Stepp wrote:

On Sun, May 6, 2018 at 11:05 AM, Jim  wrote:

In a prior thread you guys helped me fix a problem with pip after I upgraded
an installed version of python 3.6 on my Mint 18 system. Pip would not run
in my python 3.6 virtual environment. The fix was to use synaptic to install
python3-distutils. I thought everything was ok until I tried to run a old
script from a different VE using python 3.5 which could not import tkinter.

I have 4 versions of python on this system:
system Python2 = 2.7.12 (default)
system Python3 = 3.5.2 (default)
a VE called env = 3.5.2
a Ve called env36 = 3.6.5

This is the error I get trying to import tkinter in env, I also get the same
error if I try to import it in system python3.

jfb@jims-mint18 ~ $ source /home/jfb/EVs/env/bin/activate
(env) jfb@jims-mint18 ~ $ python
Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 23 2017, 16:37:01)
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

import tkinter as tk

Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "/usr/lib/python3.5/tkinter/__init__.py", line 36, in 
 import _tkinter
ImportError: No module named '_tkinter'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "", line 1, in 
   File "/usr/lib/python3.5/tkinter/__init__.py", line 38, in 
 raise ImportError(str(msg) + ', please install the python3-tk package')
ImportError: No module named '_tkinter', please install the python3-tk
package




If I go to synaptic and install the python3-tk it installs version 3.6.5 of
the package and I can still not import tkinter in env with python 3.5.2, but
I can in env36 with python 3.6.5.



As I have not yet tried to play around with virtual environments, I
may be about to do more harm than help, but I will plow ahead anyway!
~(:>))

My primitive understanding of installing Python versions that are
different from the system Python version into a virtual environment,
is that you have to install all dependencies you need from within that
virtual environment you created.  If I am correct about this then your
error messages suggest you need to install the tkinter stuff from
within that virtual environment using that virtual environment's pip.
Hopefully I am too far off from the truth here, but in any event, I
hope this helps you in your problem!



My understanding of VE's, based on some feedback from here, is you 
install install the python you want on the system then use it to install 
your VE. Then you install what ever you need to the VE. In my case I had 
a working VE based on python 3.5 then I received an upgrade to the 
python version 3.6 I had installed. After that I had problems with the 
3.5 VE that had been working.


Regards,  Jim

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Re: [Tutor] Need help with a virtual environment mess

[boB Stepp]

On Sun, May 6, 2018 at 11:05 AM, Jim  wrote:
> In a prior thread you guys helped me fix a problem with pip after I upgraded
> an installed version of python 3.6 on my Mint 18 system. Pip would not run
> in my python 3.6 virtual environment. The fix was to use synaptic to install
> python3-distutils. I thought everything was ok until I tried to run a old
> script from a different VE using python 3.5 which could not import tkinter.
>
> I have 4 versions of python on this system:
> system Python2 = 2.7.12 (default)
> system Python3 = 3.5.2 (default)
> a VE called env = 3.5.2
> a Ve called env36 = 3.6.5
>
> This is the error I get trying to import tkinter in env, I also get the same
> error if I try to import it in system python3.
>
> jfb@jims-mint18 ~ $ source /home/jfb/EVs/env/bin/activate
> (env) jfb@jims-mint18 ~ $ python
> Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 23 2017, 16:37:01)
> [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 import tkinter as tk
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "/usr/lib/python3.5/tkinter/__init__.py", line 36, in 
> import _tkinter
> ImportError: No module named '_tkinter'
>
> During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "", line 1, in 
>   File "/usr/lib/python3.5/tkinter/__init__.py", line 38, in 
> raise ImportError(str(msg) + ', please install the python3-tk package')
> ImportError: No module named '_tkinter', please install the python3-tk
> package

>
> If I go to synaptic and install the python3-tk it installs version 3.6.5 of
> the package and I can still not import tkinter in env with python 3.5.2, but
> I can in env36 with python 3.6.5.
>

As I have not yet tried to play around with virtual environments, I
may be about to do more harm than help, but I will plow ahead anyway!
~(:>))

My primitive understanding of installing Python versions that are
different from the system Python version into a virtual environment,
is that you have to install all dependencies you need from within that
virtual environment you created.  If I am correct about this then your
error messages suggest you need to install the tkinter stuff from
within that virtual environment using that virtual environment's pip.
Hopefully I am too far off from the truth here, but in any event, I
hope this helps you in your problem!

-- 
boB
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[Tutor] Need help with a virtual environment mess

[Jim]

In a prior thread you guys helped me fix a problem with pip after I 
upgraded an installed version of python 3.6 on my Mint 18 system. Pip 
would not run in my python 3.6 virtual environment. The fix was to use 
synaptic to install python3-distutils. I thought everything was ok until 
I tried to run a old script from a different VE using python 3.5 which 
could not import tkinter.


I have 4 versions of python on this system:
system Python2 = 2.7.12 (default)
system Python3 = 3.5.2 (default)
a VE called env = 3.5.2
a Ve called env36 = 3.6.5

This is the error I get trying to import tkinter in env, I also get the 
same error if I try to import it in system python3.


jfb@jims-mint18 ~ $ source /home/jfb/EVs/env/bin/activate
(env) jfb@jims-mint18 ~ $ python
Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 23 2017, 16:37:01)
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tkinter as tk
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/tkinter/__init__.py", line 36, in 
import _tkinter
ImportError: No module named '_tkinter'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/tkinter/__init__.py", line 38, in 
raise ImportError(str(msg) + ', please install the python3-tk package')
ImportError: No module named '_tkinter', please install the python3-tk 
package

>>>

If I go to synaptic and install the python3-tk it installs version 3.6.5 
of the package and I can still not import tkinter in env with python 
3.5.2, but I can in env36 with python 3.6.5.


I don't know if it makes a difference but I installed python3.6 from
LP-PPA-jonathonf-python-3.6/now.

Thanks,  Jim


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Re: [Tutor] Need help with FileNotFoundError

[Jim]

On 04/26/2018 03:27 PM, Danny Yoo wrote:

copy('~/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/story.txt',
'~/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/story_copy.txt')



Hi Jim,

You may need to use os.path.expanduser, as "tilde expansion" isn't
something that's done automatically.

This is referenced in the docs when they say: "Unlike a unix shell, Python
does not do any automatic path expansions. Functions such as expanduser()
and expandvars() can be invoked explicitly when an application desires
shell-like path expansion. (See also the glob module.)"

  https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html#module-os.path

Try adding a call to os.path.expanduser()
https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html#os.path.expanduser on that
tilde-prefixed path string.

Hope this helps!


Danny,

Thanks for pointing me in the right direction. I had tried replacing the 
~ with home/jfb/... now I realize it should have been /home/jfb/... 
Working now.


Thanks,  Jim


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Re: [Tutor] Need help with FileNotFoundError

[Danny Yoo]

> copy('~/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/story.txt',
> '~/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/story_copy.txt')


Hi Jim,

You may need to use os.path.expanduser, as "tilde expansion" isn't
something that's done automatically.

This is referenced in the docs when they say: "Unlike a unix shell, Python
does not do any automatic path expansions. Functions such as expanduser()
and expandvars() can be invoked explicitly when an application desires
shell-like path expansion. (See also the glob module.)"

 https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html#module-os.path

Try adding a call to os.path.expanduser()
https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html#os.path.expanduser on that
tilde-prefixed path string.

Hope this helps!
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[Tutor] Need help with FileNotFoundError

[Jim]

Been working my way through an online Python course. Up until now I have 
had no problems writing and running the programs using Python 3.6 in a 
virtual environment and then pasting them into the courses editor.


When I run this program on my system I get the following error.


# file_io.py

def copy(file, new_file):
with open(file) as data:
text = data.read()


with open(new_file, 'w') as new_text:
new_text.write(text)

copy('~/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/story.txt', 
'~/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/story_copy.txt')



(env36) jfb@jims-mint18 ~ $ python 
'/home/jfb/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/file_io.py'

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/jfb/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/file_io.py", line 
11, in 
copy('~/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/story.txt', 
'~/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/story_copy.txt')
  File "/home/jfb/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/file_io.py", line 4, 
in copy

with open(file) as data:
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 
'~/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp/story.txt'


The file is there.

jfb@jims-mint18 ~/Documents/Courses/ModernBootcamp $ ls
adding_to_lists.py  errors.py functionsII.pyhelpers.py 
modules.py   stop_copying.py
animals exercise.py   functions.py  iteration.py 
oop.py   story.txt
decorators.py   file_io.pygenerators.py list_comps.py 
__pycache__  unlucky_numbers.py
dictionarys.py  FirstProgram  guessing_game.py  list_methods.py 
smiley_faces.py  while_loop.py


I must be doing something wrong path-wise, but I can't seem to figure it 
out. Any help appreciated.


Regards,  Jim
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Re: [Tutor] Need help please

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 16/04/18 03:30, Sandra Sherif via Tutor wrote:
> Dear Python Tutor,
> 
> I am in desperate need for help with programming on python. I am new to using 
> python and I’m trying to write a program called “turtle tag”. I’m trying to 
> do these things in the program: 
> a. Asks how many turtles are playing tag
> b. Creates a turtle, assigns it a random color, and assigns it a random 
> starting
> position in the graphical window
> c. Randomly assigns one of the turtles to be “it”, and marking that turtle in 
> some
> way (like making it a special color no other turtle is allowed to be)
> d. Figures out which turtle is the closest to the turtle that is “it”
> e. Moves the turtle that is it to a point where it is touching the closest 
> other turtle
> 
> Can you please show me how it should be written please? Thank you so much.

When writing almost any program it helps to divide it
into chunks that you know how to do. You can then build
each chunk separate and gradually combine them to form
the final complete program.

Your problem has already been divided into chunks: a-e.
So which bits of that can you do? And which bits puzzle you?

a) Do you know how to get a number from a user?

b1) Can you create a turtle?
b2) Can you choose a random color value?
b3) Can you set a turtles color?
b4) Can you choose a random starting position?
b5) Can you set a turtles position?

c1) Can you create several turtles?
c2) Can you store them in a list?
c3) Can you choose a random list element?
c4) can you store a reference to a list element?
c5) Can you choose a color that no other turtle can take?
(This may mean changing the way b2 works)

d1) Can you work out the distance between two turtles?
d2) Can you repeat that for each turtle in your list?

e) Can you move a turtle to a new location?

For each item that you know how to do write a small
function (do you know how to write functions?) named
after the action it performs.
For example:
getNumber(),
createTurtle(),
getRandomColor(),
setColor(turtle, color) etc...

Test each function. Remember that functions that
get a value will need to have that value stored
in a variable.

Write another function that uses these function to
complete each major step (a-e) above.
eg initializeTurtle() could cover steps a and b.

For the steps you don't know how to do, or those that
don't work, come back here for help.

Show us your code plus any error messages(in full)

Hint: It may make life easier if you forget about the
random aspects for now and get it working with fixed
values - easier to debug... Once it works with fixed
values introduce randomness bit by bit - say colors
first then position. Divide and conquer is the key.

HTH
-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need help please

[Sandra Sherif via Tutor]

Dear Python Tutor,

I am in desperate need for help with programming on python. I am new to using 
python and I’m trying to write a program called “turtle tag”. I’m trying to do 
these things in the program: 
a. Asks how many turtles are playing tag
b. Creates a turtle, assigns it a random color, and assigns it a random starting
position in the graphical window
c. Randomly assigns one of the turtles to be “it”, and marking that turtle in 
some
way (like making it a special color no other turtle is allowed to be)
d. Figures out which turtle is the closest to the turtle that is “it”
e. Moves the turtle that is it to a point where it is touching the closest 
other turtle

Can you please show me how it should be written please? Thank you so much.

~ Sandra Loza
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Re: [Tutor] Need help fixing some code for a project

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 27/11/17 01:57, John Cocks wrote:
> The task is broken down into three sections.

What exactly do you want help with?
Do you not understand part of the problem?
Do you not know how to code some part?
Are you getting an error? If so show us the full error text.

WE are not mind readers, you need to tell us what
you want to know.

As for the code below, I've added a few remarks...

> #Task: Create the empty data structure
> grocery_item = {}
> 
> grocery_history = []
> 
> #Variable used to check if the while loop condition is met
> stop = 'go'
> 
> while stop == 'go' :

This would read better if stop were a boolean variable

stop = False
while not stop:
...


> #Accept input of the name of the grocery item purchased.
> item_name = "Item name:\n"

Your comment says "accept input" but you are not accepting
input, you are just assigning a string to a variable.
Do you know how to read input from a user?


> #Accept input of the quantitiy of the grocery item purchased.
> quantity = "Quantity purchased:\n"
> #Accept input of the cost of the grocery item input (this is a per-item
> cost).
> cost = "Price per item:\n"
> #Create a dictionary entry which contains the name, number and price
> entered by the user.
> grocery_item = {'name': item_name, 'number': int(quantity), 'price':
> float(cost)}  -- errors usually occur here because of "quantity
> purchased:\n line
> #Add the grocery_item to the grocery_history list using the append
> function
> grocery_history.append(grocery_item)
> #Accept input from the user asking if they have finished entering
> grocery items.
> print("Would you like to enter another item?\n Type 'c' for continue or
> 'q' to quit:\n")

If you were reading input how would you exit the while loop above?
You need to test for that situation and take the appropriate action.

> # Define variable to hold grand total called 'grand_total'
> grand_total = 0

Its traditional to put ALL the variable definitions at the top
of your code so you know where to find them easily.

> #Define a 'for' loop.
> for grocery_item in grocery_history:

Its probbablyt not a good idea to use the same variable
name for the loop as you did in the input code above.
In this case it won't bite you but it could get
confusing. I'd suggest maybe just use 'item' instead?


>   #Calculate the total cost for the grocery_item.
>   item_total = number * price

You don't have variables called 'number' or 'price'
but you do have dictionary keys in grocery_item.
So you really need:

item_total = grocery_item['number'] * grocery_item['price']

>   #Add the item_total to the grand_total
>   item_total = grand_total

You are not adding you are assigning. And in fact
you are wiping out your total by replacing it with 0!

>   #Output the information for the grocery item to match this example:
>   #2 apple @ $1.49 ea $2.98
>   print('number', 'name', 'price', 'cost')

Her you just print the key strings not the actuial values.
Again you need to use the keys to access the item.

>   #Set the item_total equal to 0
>   item_total = 0
> #Print the grand total
> print(grand_total)


HTH, but, if you have more specific queries, come back to
us with more detail.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need help fixing some code for a project

[John Cocks]

The task is broken down into three sections.
Section 1 - User Input
Section 2 - loop through the grocery list
Section 3 - provide output to the console
'''

#Task: Create the empty data structure
grocery_item = {}

grocery_history = []

#Variable used to check if the while loop condition is met
stop = 'go'

while stop == 'go' :

#Accept input of the name of the grocery item purchased.
item_name = "Item name:\n"
#Accept input of the quantitiy of the grocery item purchased.
quantity = "Quantity purchased:\n"
#Accept input of the cost of the grocery item input (this is a per-item
cost).
cost = "Price per item:\n"
#Create a dictionary entry which contains the name, number and price
entered by the user.
grocery_item = {'name': item_name, 'number': int(quantity), 'price':
float(cost)}  -- errors usually occur here because of "quantity
purchased:\n line
#Add the grocery_item to the grocery_history list using the append
function
grocery_history.append(grocery_item)
#Accept input from the user asking if they have finished entering
grocery items.
print("Would you like to enter another item?\n Type 'c' for continue or
'q' to quit:\n")

# Define variable to hold grand total called 'grand_total'
grand_total = 0
#Define a 'for' loop.

for grocery_item in grocery_history:

  #Calculate the total cost for the grocery_item.
  item_total = number * price
  #Add the item_total to the grand_total
  item_total = grand_total
  #Output the information for the grocery item to match this example:
  #2 apple @ $1.49 ea $2.98
  print('number', 'name', 'price', 'cost')
  #print(name)
  #print(price: %6.2f) -- errors happen here
  #print(item_total: %6.2f) -- errors happen here too

  #Set the item_total equal to 0
  item_total = 0
#Print the grand total
print(grand_total)
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Re: [Tutor] Need Help with install of Python!

[George Fischhof]

2017-09-20 2:18 GMT+02:00 Alan Gauld via Tutor :

> On 19/09/17 21:13, Larry Staley wrote:
> > Hello I am very new to Python just having installed Python Version 2.7
> onto
> > my windows 8.1 laptop.  I thought the install was successful and was
> > entering information for my first assignment when I received an
> unexpected
> > error.
>
> Where did you get your vesion of Python?
> If it was the standard distribution from python.org or
> activestate.com then it does not include any of the SciPy
> packages(*) and you need to install them separately.
>
> If you expect to be using mamny of these types of package
> you are best fetching a distribution  that includes them
> all, for example, Anaconda or Enthought
>
> (*)Pandas is part of the SciPy suite of third party add-ons.
>
> > I executed a Sheets command using an earlier generated getSheetNames
> > function that successfully was entered by me.
>
> When you define a function the code inside is not
> executed merely compiled into a function object
> ready for execution.
>
> > However, when I ran the Sheets command I received the following:
>
> Its only when you call the function that the code inside
> gets executed.
>
> > def getSheetNames(excelfile):
> > from pandas import ExcelFile
>
> Its normal in Python to put all imports at the top of
> the file rather than inside any functions. In this
> case you try to import pandas everytime you call
> the function and while its not a big overhead it
> mounts up if you were calling this inside a
> repeating loop.
>
> And if the import was outside the function you would
> pick up the import error earlier.
>
>  excelfile=r:"C:\Users\Larry
>  sheets=getSheetNames
> > (excelfile);sheets
>
> I'm not sure what you are doing with that
> final ;sheets. I assuyme trying to evaluate the result of the function?
>
> It would be normal to just print it:
>
> >>> print getSheetNames(excelFile)
>
> or, if you need to store the result:
>
> >>> sheets=getSheetNames(excelfile)
> >>> sheets
>
> Combining commands on a single line doesn't save
> much typing and makes debugging harder.
>
> > I have in addition included the actual Python I executed and received the
> > message.  It is attached in the file.
>
> attachments often get rejected by the mailer,
> if its not a huge file(>100 lines) just paste
> it into the email.
>
> Always include the full error trace too.
>
> > If I need to install Pandas, please indicate clearly how I do using my
> > current ver 2.7 python install.
>
> The easiest way is just to grab one of the
> all-inclusive Python distros mentioned above.
>
> --
> Alan G
> Author of the Learn to Program web site
> http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
> http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
> Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
> http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
>
>
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>




Hi Larry,

If You just installed Python 2.7, maybe it would be a good idea to replace
it with Python 3.6. It will not solve Your problem, but support of Pyhon 2
will be finished in 2020, and that time You will have to learn Python 3
anyway. So it is better to start with it if You have no any special
requirement to use Python 2.
(Python 3 is more modern, and is the future)
;-)


@tutors
Hi Tutors,

I think we should encourage people new to Python to use Python 3 instaed of
Python 2 as this is the future. ;-)


BR,
George
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Re: [Tutor] Need Help with install of Python!

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 19/09/17 21:13, Larry Staley wrote:
> Hello I am very new to Python just having installed Python Version 2.7 onto
> my windows 8.1 laptop.  I thought the install was successful and was
> entering information for my first assignment when I received an unexpected
> error.

Where did you get your vesion of Python?
If it was the standard distribution from python.org or
activestate.com then it does not include any of the SciPy
packages(*) and you need to install them separately.

If you expect to be using mamny of these types of package
you are best fetching a distribution  that includes them
all, for example, Anaconda or Enthought

(*)Pandas is part of the SciPy suite of third party add-ons.

> I executed a Sheets command using an earlier generated getSheetNames
> function that successfully was entered by me.

When you define a function the code inside is not
executed merely compiled into a function object
ready for execution.

> However, when I ran the Sheets command I received the following:

Its only when you call the function that the code inside
gets executed.

> def getSheetNames(excelfile):
> from pandas import ExcelFile

Its normal in Python to put all imports at the top of
the file rather than inside any functions. In this
case you try to import pandas everytime you call
the function and while its not a big overhead it
mounts up if you were calling this inside a
repeating loop.

And if the import was outside the function you would
pick up the import error earlier.

 excelfile=r:"C:\Users\Larry
 sheets=getSheetNames
> (excelfile);sheets

I'm not sure what you are doing with that
final ;sheets. I assuyme trying to evaluate the result of the function?

It would be normal to just print it:

>>> print getSheetNames(excelFile)

or, if you need to store the result:

>>> sheets=getSheetNames(excelfile)
>>> sheets

Combining commands on a single line doesn't save
much typing and makes debugging harder.

> I have in addition included the actual Python I executed and received the
> message.  It is attached in the file.

attachments often get rejected by the mailer,
if its not a huge file(>100 lines) just paste
it into the email.

Always include the full error trace too.

> If I need to install Pandas, please indicate clearly how I do using my
> current ver 2.7 python install.

The easiest way is just to grab one of the
all-inclusive Python distros mentioned above.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need Help with install of Python!

[Larry Staley]

Hello I am very new to Python just having installed Python Version 2.7 onto
my windows 8.1 laptop.  I thought the install was successful and was
entering information for my first assignment when I received an unexpected
error.

 

I executed a Sheets command using an earlier generated getSheetNames
function that successfully was entered by me.

However, when I ran the Sheets command I received the following:

 

Import Error:  No modules name Pandas

 

If Pandas were not included in the original install, would it not have been
caught when I input the getSheetNames function:

 

def getSheetNames(excelfile):

from pandas import ExcelFile

return (ExcelFile(excelfile)).sheet_names

Here again was my command:

 

>>> excelfile=r:"C:\Users\Larry

>>> sheets=getSheetNames

(excelfile);sheets

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "", line 1, in 

  File "", line 2, in 

getSheetNames

ImportError: No module named pandas

>>> 

 

I have in addition included the actual Python I executed and received the
message.  It is attached in the file.

I would appreciate any help in getting this issue resolved.

If I need to install Pandas, please indicate clearly how I do using my
current ver 2.7 python install.

 

Thanks again for your help.

 

Larry  Staley

 

650.274.6794 (c)

larrystale...@comcast.net

 

 

 

>>> def getSheetNames(excelfile):
... from pandas import ExcelFile
... return (ExcelFile(excelfile)).sheet_names
...
>>> excelfile=r"D:\Assignment_1_Data_and_Template.xlsx";
>>> sheets=getSheetNames(excelfile);sheets
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "", line 2, in getSheetNames
ImportError: No module named pandas
>>> excelfile="D:\Assignment_1_Data_and_Template.xlsx";
>>> sheets=getSheetNames(excelfile);sheets
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "", line 2, in getSheetNames
ImportError: No module named pandas
>>> excelfile=r"D:\Assignment_1_Data_and_Template.xlsx";
>>> excelfile=r:"C:\Users\Larry\Assignment_1_Data_and_Template.xlsx"
  File "", line 1
excelfile=r:"C:\Users\Larry\Assignment_1_Data_and_Template.xlsx"
   ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> excelfile=r"C:\Users\Larry\Assignment_1_Data_and_Template.xlsx";
>>> sheets=getSheetNames(excelfile);sheets
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "", line 2, in getSheetNames
ImportError: No module named pandas
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with code

[Joel Goldstick]

You most likely have no file named words.txt in the directory from
which you are running your code.

On Mon, Apr 17, 2017 at 10:12 PM, Tyler Seacrist  wrote:
> Hello,
>
>
> How do I avoid this error message everytime I utilize wordlist = 
> open("words.text") ?
>
 wordlist = open("words.txt")
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "", line 1, in 
> wordlist = open("words.txt")
> FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'words.txt'
 def calculate_abecedarian():
> total_count = 0
> for word in wordlist:
> if is_abecedarian(word):
> print (word)
> total_count += 1
> return total_count
>
> or
>
 if __name__ == '__main__':
> fin = open('words.txt', 'r')
> print (no_contain(fin))
>
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "", line 2, in 
> fin = open('words.txt', 'r')
> FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'words.txt'
>
>
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-- 
Joel Goldstick
http://joelgoldstick.com/blog
http://cc-baseballstats.info/stats/birthdays
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with code

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 18/04/17 03:12, Tyler Seacrist wrote:

> How do I avoid this error message everytime I utilize wordlist = 
> open("words.text") ?
> 
 wordlist = open("words.txt")
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "", line 1, in 
> wordlist = open("words.txt")
> FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'words.txt'

You need to tell Python where the file lives. It is evidently not
in the same folder where you run the program(*) so you need to
provide the path.

(*)You can determine which folder python considers its home folder by
including this code in your program;

import os
print( os.getcwd() )  # get Current Working Directory

and you can see its contents with

print( os.listdir() )

So you need to provide the path. If you are using
Windows you should put an 'r' in front of the path,
like so:

fin = open( r"C:\Path\to\words.txt" )

or use forward slashes:

fin = open( "C:/Path/to/words.txt" )

Either technique will avoid python interpreting the '\'
as an escape character.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need help with code

[Tyler Seacrist]

Hello,


How do I avoid this error message everytime I utilize wordlist = 
open("words.text") ?

>>> wordlist = open("words.txt")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
wordlist = open("words.txt")
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'words.txt'
>>> def calculate_abecedarian():
total_count = 0
for word in wordlist:
if is_abecedarian(word):
print (word)
total_count += 1
return total_count

or

>>> if __name__ == '__main__':
fin = open('words.txt', 'r')
print (no_contain(fin))


Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 2, in 
fin = open('words.txt', 'r')
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'words.txt'


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Re: [Tutor] Need help with code

[Danny Yoo]

On Mon, Apr 17, 2017 at 12:00 AM, Alan Gauld via Tutor  wrote:
> On 16/04/17 18:26, Tyler Seacrist wrote:
>
>> I need to draw a stack diagram for print_n
>> called with s = 'Hello' and n=2 and am unsure of how to do so.


Are you referring to this?

http://www.greenteapress.com/thinkpython/html/thinkpython004.html#toc33
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with code

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 16/04/17 18:26, Tyler Seacrist wrote:

> I need to draw a stack diagram for print_n 
> called with s = 'Hello' and n=2 and am unsure of how to do so.

Me too.

What is print_n?

Which stack?
One in your program or the interpreters internal stack?

We need a lot more detail.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need help with code

[Tyler Seacrist]

Hello,


I need to draw a stack diagram for print_n called with s = 'Hello' and n=2 and 
am unsure of how to do so.


Thanks,

Tyler
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with one problem.

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Wed, Feb 15, 2017 at 01:00:30PM -0500, Adam Howlett wrote:

> Write an if-else statement that assigns 20 to the variable y if the 
> variable x is greater than 100. Otherwise, it should assign 0 to the 
> variable y.
> 
> Is there an easy way to solve this problem?

Yes. What have you tried?


Hint: here's a similar problem.

"Write an if-else statement that assigns "Hello" to the variable q if 
the variable p is equal to 11. Otherwise it should assign "Goodbye" to 
the variable q."

And here's the answer:

if p == 11:
q = "Hello"
else:
q = "Goodbye"


Can you see the pattern? Can you follow that same pattern for your own 
question?


(Hint: use > for "greater than".)


-- 
Steve
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with one problem.

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 15/02/17 18:00, Adam Howlett wrote:
> Write an if-else statement that 
> assigns 20 to the variable y if the variable x is greater than 100. 
> Otherwise, it should assign 0 to the variable y.
> 
> Is there an easy way to solve this problem?

Yes, just do what it says.

Maybe if I reword the problem slightly it will
be easier to see?

if the variable x is greater than 100,
assign 20 to the variable y,
else
assign 0 to the variable y.

Does that help?

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need help with one problem.

[Adam Howlett]

Write an if-else statement that assigns 20 to the variable y if the variable x 
is greater than 100. Otherwise, it should assign 0 to the variable y.

Is there an easy way to solve this problem?
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Re: [Tutor] Need help

[Ryan Smith]

On Wednesday, October 12, 2016, Alan Gauld via Tutor 
wrote:

> On 12/10/16 09:03, niraj pandey wrote:
>
> > Can you pls guide how to print this screen (Attached here) content in
> > printer ?
>
> As we already pointed out this is a text list so attachments
> are usually stripped off...
>
> However, printing from Tkinter is not easy. The simplest way is usually
> to create an HTML file and use the OS to print that via a browser (many
> browsers have a print command line option). It is possible to convert
> your screen into a graphics file and print that, but the results can be
> a bit unpredictable.
>
> Alan G.
>
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Re: [Tutor] Need help

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 12/10/16 09:03, niraj pandey wrote:

> Can you pls guide how to print this screen (Attached here) content in
> printer ?

As we already pointed out this is a text list so attachments
are usually stripped off...

However, printing from Tkinter is not easy. The simplest way is usually
to create an HTML file and use the OS to print that via a browser (many
browsers have a print command line option). It is possible to convert
your screen into a graphics file and print that, but the results can be
a bit unpredictable.

Alan G.

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Re: [Tutor] Need help

[niraj pandey]

Hi ,

I need one more help related to printer.

Can you pls guide how to print this screen (Attached here) content in
printer ?

Thanks
Niraj

On Tue, Oct 4, 2016 at 12:21 PM, niraj pandey 
wrote:

> Ok I got it from the solution you provided on your previous mail.
>
> Thanks again
>
> Thanks
> Niraj
>
> On Tue, Oct 4, 2016 at 12:05 PM, niraj pandey 
> wrote:
>
>> Attaching two snapshots here.
>>
>> In first snapshot (1.png) I have the label windows without the values and
>> in second window (2.png) every label have some value.
>> I want to put these values in front of every label. I have already stored
>> these values in a variable.
>>
>> Thanks
>> Niraj
>>
>> On Mon, Oct 3, 2016 at 10:02 PM, niraj pandey > > wrote:
>>
>>> Hello Alan ,
>>>
>>> I am using python 2.7.10 and using RHEL6
>>>
>>> Thanks
>>>
>>>
>>> On Mon, Oct 3, 2016 at 8:53 PM, Alan Gauld via Tutor 
>>> wrote:
>>>
 On 03/10/16 10:54, niraj pandey wrote:

 > I want to add every lebels value here (ie fetch from DB and display in
 > front of every lebel or I had store every lable value in variable and
 > display here).

 You need to tell us which OS, Python version and GUI
 toolkit you are using.

 > [image: Inline image 1]

 This is a text list so images usually get stripped off.
 If absolutely necessary to send an image use a link to an
 image gallery somewhere.

 But at least try to explain what you are trying to show us.

 > Is there any function which I can use for this (like we have
 entry.get to
 > get the value similar any function to put the value)

 Assuming you are using Tkinter there is an insert() method.
 To put text at the end of the entry use

 import tkinter as tk
 myText = "Hello world"
 top = tk.Tk()

 myEntry = tk.Entry(top)
 myEntry.pack()
 myEntry.insert(tk.END,mytext)

 top.mainloop()


 However a common alternative is to use a StringVar and associate it with
 the Entry so that changes in the StringVar are automatically
 shown in the Entry and changes in the Entrey are reflected to the
 StringVar. Most Tkinter tutorials will show that under StringVar.

 Of course if you are not using Tkinter most of that will be useless!


 --
 Alan G
 Author of the Learn to Program web site
 http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
 http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
 Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
 http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> --
>>> Success occurs when opportunity and preparation meet
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Success occurs when opportunity and preparation meet
>>
>
>
>
> --
> Success occurs when opportunity and preparation meet
>



-- 
Success occurs when opportunity and preparation meet
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Re: [Tutor] Need help

[niraj pandey]

Ok I got it from the solution you provided on your previous mail.

Thanks again

Thanks
Niraj

On Tue, Oct 4, 2016 at 12:05 PM, niraj pandey 
wrote:

> Attaching two snapshots here.
>
> In first snapshot (1.png) I have the label windows without the values and
> in second window (2.png) every label have some value.
> I want to put these values in front of every label. I have already stored
> these values in a variable.
>
> Thanks
> Niraj
>
> On Mon, Oct 3, 2016 at 10:02 PM, niraj pandey 
> wrote:
>
>> Hello Alan ,
>>
>> I am using python 2.7.10 and using RHEL6
>>
>> Thanks
>>
>>
>> On Mon, Oct 3, 2016 at 8:53 PM, Alan Gauld via Tutor 
>> wrote:
>>
>>> On 03/10/16 10:54, niraj pandey wrote:
>>>
>>> > I want to add every lebels value here (ie fetch from DB and display in
>>> > front of every lebel or I had store every lable value in variable and
>>> > display here).
>>>
>>> You need to tell us which OS, Python version and GUI
>>> toolkit you are using.
>>>
>>> > [image: Inline image 1]
>>>
>>> This is a text list so images usually get stripped off.
>>> If absolutely necessary to send an image use a link to an
>>> image gallery somewhere.
>>>
>>> But at least try to explain what you are trying to show us.
>>>
>>> > Is there any function which I can use for this (like we have entry.get
>>> to
>>> > get the value similar any function to put the value)
>>>
>>> Assuming you are using Tkinter there is an insert() method.
>>> To put text at the end of the entry use
>>>
>>> import tkinter as tk
>>> myText = "Hello world"
>>> top = tk.Tk()
>>>
>>> myEntry = tk.Entry(top)
>>> myEntry.pack()
>>> myEntry.insert(tk.END,mytext)
>>>
>>> top.mainloop()
>>>
>>>
>>> However a common alternative is to use a StringVar and associate it with
>>> the Entry so that changes in the StringVar are automatically
>>> shown in the Entry and changes in the Entrey are reflected to the
>>> StringVar. Most Tkinter tutorials will show that under StringVar.
>>>
>>> Of course if you are not using Tkinter most of that will be useless!
>>>
>>>
>>> --
>>> Alan G
>>> Author of the Learn to Program web site
>>> http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
>>> http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
>>> Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
>>> http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
>>>
>>>
>>> ___
>>> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor@python.org
>>> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
>>> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Success occurs when opportunity and preparation meet
>>
>
>
>
> --
> Success occurs when opportunity and preparation meet
>



-- 
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Re: [Tutor] Need help

[niraj pandey]

Attaching two snapshots here.

In first snapshot (1.png) I have the label windows without the values and
in second window (2.png) every label have some value.
I want to put these values in front of every label. I have already stored
these values in a variable.

Thanks
Niraj

On Mon, Oct 3, 2016 at 10:02 PM, niraj pandey 
wrote:

> Hello Alan ,
>
> I am using python 2.7.10 and using RHEL6
>
> Thanks
>
>
> On Mon, Oct 3, 2016 at 8:53 PM, Alan Gauld via Tutor 
> wrote:
>
>> On 03/10/16 10:54, niraj pandey wrote:
>>
>> > I want to add every lebels value here (ie fetch from DB and display in
>> > front of every lebel or I had store every lable value in variable and
>> > display here).
>>
>> You need to tell us which OS, Python version and GUI
>> toolkit you are using.
>>
>> > [image: Inline image 1]
>>
>> This is a text list so images usually get stripped off.
>> If absolutely necessary to send an image use a link to an
>> image gallery somewhere.
>>
>> But at least try to explain what you are trying to show us.
>>
>> > Is there any function which I can use for this (like we have entry.get
>> to
>> > get the value similar any function to put the value)
>>
>> Assuming you are using Tkinter there is an insert() method.
>> To put text at the end of the entry use
>>
>> import tkinter as tk
>> myText = "Hello world"
>> top = tk.Tk()
>>
>> myEntry = tk.Entry(top)
>> myEntry.pack()
>> myEntry.insert(tk.END,mytext)
>>
>> top.mainloop()
>>
>>
>> However a common alternative is to use a StringVar and associate it with
>> the Entry so that changes in the StringVar are automatically
>> shown in the Entry and changes in the Entrey are reflected to the
>> StringVar. Most Tkinter tutorials will show that under StringVar.
>>
>> Of course if you are not using Tkinter most of that will be useless!
>>
>>
>> --
>> Alan G
>> Author of the Learn to Program web site
>> http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
>> http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
>> Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
>> http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
>>
>>
>> ___
>> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor@python.org
>> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
>> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>>
>
>
>
> --
> Success occurs when opportunity and preparation meet
>



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Re: [Tutor] Need help

[niraj pandey]

Hello Alan ,

I am using python 2.7.10 and using RHEL6

Thanks


On Mon, Oct 3, 2016 at 8:53 PM, Alan Gauld via Tutor 
wrote:

> On 03/10/16 10:54, niraj pandey wrote:
>
> > I want to add every lebels value here (ie fetch from DB and display in
> > front of every lebel or I had store every lable value in variable and
> > display here).
>
> You need to tell us which OS, Python version and GUI
> toolkit you are using.
>
> > [image: Inline image 1]
>
> This is a text list so images usually get stripped off.
> If absolutely necessary to send an image use a link to an
> image gallery somewhere.
>
> But at least try to explain what you are trying to show us.
>
> > Is there any function which I can use for this (like we have entry.get to
> > get the value similar any function to put the value)
>
> Assuming you are using Tkinter there is an insert() method.
> To put text at the end of the entry use
>
> import tkinter as tk
> myText = "Hello world"
> top = tk.Tk()
>
> myEntry = tk.Entry(top)
> myEntry.pack()
> myEntry.insert(tk.END,mytext)
>
> top.mainloop()
>
>
> However a common alternative is to use a StringVar and associate it with
> the Entry so that changes in the StringVar are automatically
> shown in the Entry and changes in the Entrey are reflected to the
> StringVar. Most Tkinter tutorials will show that under StringVar.
>
> Of course if you are not using Tkinter most of that will be useless!
>
>
> --
> Alan G
> Author of the Learn to Program web site
> http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
> http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
> Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
> http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
>
>
> ___
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor@python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>



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Re: [Tutor] Need help

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 03/10/16 10:54, niraj pandey wrote:

> I want to add every lebels value here (ie fetch from DB and display in
> front of every lebel or I had store every lable value in variable and
> display here).

You need to tell us which OS, Python version and GUI
toolkit you are using.

> [image: Inline image 1]

This is a text list so images usually get stripped off.
If absolutely necessary to send an image use a link to an
image gallery somewhere.

But at least try to explain what you are trying to show us.

> Is there any function which I can use for this (like we have entry.get to
> get the value similar any function to put the value)

Assuming you are using Tkinter there is an insert() method.
To put text at the end of the entry use

import tkinter as tk
myText = "Hello world"
top = tk.Tk()

myEntry = tk.Entry(top)
myEntry.pack()
myEntry.insert(tk.END,mytext)

top.mainloop()


However a common alternative is to use a StringVar and associate it with
the Entry so that changes in the StringVar are automatically
shown in the Entry and changes in the Entrey are reflected to the
StringVar. Most Tkinter tutorials will show that under StringVar.

Of course if you are not using Tkinter most of that will be useless!


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need help

[niraj pandey]

Hi ,

I am new in python. Could you guys please help me here.

I want to add every lebels value here (ie fetch from DB and display in
front of every lebel or I had store every lable value in variable and
display here).


[image: Inline image 1]

So that table looks like as follow

[image: Inline image 2]

Is there any function which I can use for this (like we have entry.get to
get the value similar any function to put the value)

Thanks in advance.

Regards
Niraj

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Re: [Tutor] Need help

[niraj pandey]

Thanks Peter for the help.

Best Regards
Niraj



On Wed, Sep 28, 2016 at 2:47 PM, Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> wrote:

> niraj pandey wrote:
>
> > Found the solution for this.
>
> You can further simplifiy it with enumerate()
> > entry_option = ['Flat_No','Mains Unit','DG Unit','Month']
>
> > entry = {}
> > label = {}
>   for r, item in enumerate(entry_option):
> > lb = Label(bg = 'orange', text=item, relief=RIDGE,width=30)
> > lb.grid(row=r,column=0)
> > label[item] = lb
> > e = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
> > e.grid(row=r,column=1)
> > entry[item] = e
> >
> > But now how to pass these values as an argument for this function  ?
> >
> > command=lambda: database.data(E1.get(), E2.get(), E3.get(), E4.get())
>
> Well, you saved the Entry instances in a dict, so you can retrieve them:
>
> command=lambda: database.data(*[entry[k].get() for k in entry_option])
>
> If you use a list instead of or in addition to the dict
>
> entries = []
> for ...: # your loop from above
>...
>entries.append(e)
>
> the lambda becomes
>
> command=lambda: database.data(*[e.get() for e in entries])
>
> If you have not come across it before: the * operator unpacks the list, so
>
> args = ["a", "b"]
> f(*args)
>
> is equivalent to calling f with all items in the list,
>
> f(args[0], args[1])
>
> in the above example.
>
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Re: [Tutor] Need help

[Peter Otten]

niraj pandey wrote:

> Found the solution for this.

You can further simplifiy it with enumerate()
> entry_option = ['Flat_No','Mains Unit','DG Unit','Month']

> entry = {}
> label = {}
  for r, item in enumerate(entry_option):
> lb = Label(bg = 'orange', text=item, relief=RIDGE,width=30)
> lb.grid(row=r,column=0)
> label[item] = lb
> e = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
> e.grid(row=r,column=1)
> entry[item] = e
> 
> But now how to pass these values as an argument for this function  ?
> 
> command=lambda: database.data(E1.get(), E2.get(), E3.get(), E4.get())

Well, you saved the Entry instances in a dict, so you can retrieve them:

command=lambda: database.data(*[entry[k].get() for k in entry_option]) 

If you use a list instead of or in addition to the dict

entries = []
for ...: # your loop from above
   ...
   entries.append(e)

the lambda becomes

command=lambda: database.data(*[e.get() for e in entries])

If you have not come across it before: the * operator unpacks the list, so

args = ["a", "b"]
f(*args)

is equivalent to calling f with all items in the list,

f(args[0], args[1])

in the above example.

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Re: [Tutor] Need help

[niraj pandey]

Found the solution for this .

entry_option = ['Flat_No','Mains Unit','DG Unit','Month']

 r = 0
  entry = {}
  label = {}
  for item in entry_option:
  lb = Label(bg = 'orange', text=item, relief=RIDGE,width=30)
  lb.grid(row=r,column=0)
  label[item] = lb
  e = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
  e.grid(row=r,column=1)
  entry[item] = e
  r=r+1

But now how to pass these values as an argument for this function  ?

command=lambda: database.data(E1.get(), E2.get(), E3.get(), E4.get())

Thanks
Niraj

On Wed, Sep 28, 2016 at 10:52 AM, niraj pandey 
wrote:

> Hi,
>
> I am new in python. Could you guys please help me to short this code ?
>
> Want to write this iteration (Yellow one) using loop.
>
> r = 0
> L1 = Label(bg = 'orange', text="Flat_No", relief=RIDGE,width=30)
> L1.grid(row=0,column=0)
> E1 = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
> E1.grid(row=0,column=1)
> L2 = Label(bg = 'orange', text="Mains Unit", relief=RIDGE,width=30)
> L2.grid(row=1,column=0)
> E2 = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
> E2.grid(row=1,column=1)
> L3 = Label(bg = 'orange', text="DG Unit", relief=RIDGE,width=30)
> L3.grid(row=2,column=0)
> E3 = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
> E3.grid(row=2,column=1)
> L4 = Label(bg = 'orange', text="Month", relief=RIDGE,width=30)
> L4.grid(row=3,column=0)
> E4 = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
> E4.grid(row=3,column=1)
>
>
> MyButton1 = Button(top, text="Submit", width=10, bg='red', command=lambda:
> database.data(E1.get(), E2.get(), E3.get(), E4.get()))
> MyButton1.grid(row=8, column=1)
>
> The output should be like this :
>
> [image: Inline image 1]
>
> Thanks
> Niraj
> --
> Success occurs when opportunity and preparation meet
>



-- 
Success occurs when opportunity and preparation meet
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[Tutor] Need help

[niraj pandey]

Hi,

I am new in python. Could you guys please help me to short this code ?

Want to write this iteration (Yellow one) using loop.

r = 0
L1 = Label(bg = 'orange', text="Flat_No", relief=RIDGE,width=30)
L1.grid(row=0,column=0)
E1 = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
E1.grid(row=0,column=1)
L2 = Label(bg = 'orange', text="Mains Unit", relief=RIDGE,width=30)
L2.grid(row=1,column=0)
E2 = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
E2.grid(row=1,column=1)
L3 = Label(bg = 'orange', text="DG Unit", relief=RIDGE,width=30)
L3.grid(row=2,column=0)
E3 = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
E3.grid(row=2,column=1)
L4 = Label(bg = 'orange', text="Month", relief=RIDGE,width=30)
L4.grid(row=3,column=0)
E4 = Entry(relief=SUNKEN,width=30)
E4.grid(row=3,column=1)


MyButton1 = Button(top, text="Submit", width=10, bg='red', command=lambda:
database.data(E1.get(), E2.get(), E3.get(), E4.get()))
MyButton1.grid(row=8, column=1)

The output should be like this :

[image: Inline image 1]

Thanks
Niraj
-- 
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Re: [Tutor] need help

[Michael Selik]

On Thu, Aug 11, 2016 at 1:15 PM Pallab Amway  wrote:

> expected an indented block
>

if-statements must have an indented block of code. For example:
```
if age < 12:
print('You are a child')
```
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Re: [Tutor] need help

[boB Stepp]

On Aug 11, 2016 12:15 PM, "Pallab Amway"  wrote:
>
> Respected sir
>
>  Myself pallab kumar seal from India I am using
python2.7
> in my window 7 but while  I am using python to compile my program I am
> getting following  error
>
> Programe1
>
> age = 21
>
> if age < 12:
>
> print( "You ' re still a child!" )
>
> elif age < 18:
>
> print( "You are a teenager!" )
>
> elif age < 30:
>
> print( "You ' re pretty young!" )
>
> elif age < 50:
>
> print( "Wisening up, are we?" )
>
> else:
>
> print( "Aren ' t the years weighing heavy?" )
>
> answer
>
>
> expected an indented block
>

Do you understand how Python uses consistent indentation to delineate
blocks of code?  If not, then you need to research this.

Also, you say you're using Python 2.7.  Python 2.x uses print *statements*
=> no parentheses, while Python 3.x uses print *functions*.  Something else
to read up on.

Hope this gives you enough hints to work through your current problems!

And I hope sending from my phone results in a plain text format!

boB

P.S.:. Do you have a good book or online tutorial to use?  If not, there
are plenty of such resources online.
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[Tutor] need help

[Pallab Amway]

Respected sir

 Myself pallab kumar seal from India I am using  python2.7
in my window 7 but while  I am using python to compile my program I am
getting following  error

Programe1

age = 21

if age < 12:

print( "You ' re still a child!" )

elif age < 18:

print( "You are a teenager!" )

elif age < 30:

print( "You ' re pretty young!" )

elif age < 50:

print( "Wisening up, are we?" )

else:

print( "Aren ' t the years weighing heavy?" )

answer


expected an indented block


programe 2

x = 41

if x%7 == 0:

# --- Here starts a nested block of code ---

if x%11 == 0:

print( x, "is dividable by both 7 and 11." )

else:

print( x, "is dividable by 7, but not by 11." )

# --- Here ends the nested block of code ---

elif x%11 == 0:

print( x, "is dividable by 11, but not by 7." )

else:

print( x, "is dividable by neither 7 nor 11." )

answer

expected an indented block

yours faithfully

pallab kumar seal
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Re: [Tutor] need help with socket / fuzzer not sure the while loop condition is wrong

[Alan Gauld via Tutor]

On 21/07/16 12:50, la Y wrote:
> need help with socket / fuzzer 


UI've no idea what fuzzer means but...

> not sure the while loop condition is wrong

> def fuzzer():
> #fuzzer
> #user attack coordinates and junk
> currentEta = datetime.datetime.now()
> targetIP = raw_input("hello what is the target IP destinaition address: ")
> socketPort = int(raw_input("what port number : "))
> 
> while ( socketPort < 4 ) and (socketPort <= 65535):
> socketPort = int(socketPort)

This makes no sense at all.

The socketPort is already an int because you make it so
on the raw_input line.

If it is <4 it will also be less than 65535 so the "and"
test is superfluous.

And if it is <4 the while loop will run forever because
you never change the value of socketPort.

if
x = int(n)
then
int(x) == x

is always true

I've no idea what the loop is intended to do so I can't
comment on whether you need to just delete it or whether
you need to modify it somehow.


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] need help with socket / fuzzer not sure the while loop condition is wrong

[la Y]

need help with socket / fuzzer not sure the while loop condition is wrong - its 
superpose to fuzz testing programs over till program crashes but seems to have 
some errors.



import os
import sys
import datetime
import socket


def fuzzer():
#fuzzer
#user attack coordinates and junk
currentEta = datetime.datetime.now()
targetIP = raw_input("hello what is the target IP destinaition address: ")
socketPort = int(raw_input("what port number : "))

while ( socketPort < 4 ) and (socketPort <= 65535):
socketPort = int(socketPort)

junkData = raw_input("paste your junk for fuzzing [pattern create would be 
perfered]")



# Symbolic name meaning all available interface
#  Arbitrary non-privileged port
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind((targetIP , socketPort ))
s.listen(1)
conn, addr = s.accept()
print ("Connected by",+ addr)

counter = 0
print(currentEta)
print("Current Phase 1 initated")
print(targetIP)
print(socketPort)
print(junkData)

print(":sending:=> fuzzie fuzzie")

while conn.open(counter,junkData,data):
counter =+ 1
junkData = junkData + 1
print(counter)
print(junkData)
data = conn.recv(1024)
if not data: break
conn.sendall(junkData)
conn.open()


#option selection
print("Please Select an option")
options = input("1: Fuzzer n/ 2: Port Scanner ")

if options == 1:
#run
fuzzer()
elif options == 0:
exit()

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Re: [Tutor] Need help with audio manipulation

[Alan Gauld]

On 11/02/16 18:03, Swift, Robert wrote:
> I was wondering how to write a code that would take a recorded audio and
> place these values into a numpy array? I have written various codes that
> can record and playback sound and work properly. I need the recorded audio
> to be accessed from a numpy array so I can process the sound and manipulate
> it to play back the inverse of the array for a noise cancelling affect. Any
> ideas would be great.

There are numerous audio processing toolkits available,
some work with SciPy, others are independent.

There is a useful page here:

wiki.python.org/moin/PythonInMusic

You may find useful pointers there.

As a subject its a bit off topic for this list which is
about the standard library and language.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need help with audio manipulation

[Swift, Robert]

I was wondering how to write a code that would take a recorded audio and
place these values into a numpy array? I have written various codes that
can record and playback sound and work properly. I need the recorded audio
to be accessed from a numpy array so I can process the sound and manipulate
it to play back the inverse of the array for a noise cancelling affect. Any
ideas would be great.


Thanks,

Robert
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with two similar test cases that I have written. One works and the other fails

[Anubhav Yadav]

> Hi Anubhav,
>
> Ah!  The assert functions are meant to be used as statements, not as
> composable expressions.  If you're familiar with the idea of side effects,
> then you need to understand that you should be calling the assert functions
> just for their side effects, not for their return value.
>
> If you want to test two conditions, do them as  separate statements.  By
> trying to compose them with 'and', the code actually means something
> different due to boolean logic short circuiting.
>
> If you have questions, please feel free to ask.  Good luck!
>

Hi,

Thanks a lot for replying back. I should do something like this right?
truth_value = yellow_temperature_simulation() <= 100.5 and
yellow_temperature_simulation() >= 100.0
self.assertTrue(truth_value)

I just want to confirm if I get the concept right?
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with two similar test cases that I have written. One works and the other fails

[Peter Otten]

Anubhav Yadav wrote:

>> Hi Anubhav,
>>
>> Ah!  The assert functions are meant to be used as statements, not as
>> composable expressions.  If you're familiar with the idea of side
>> effects, then you need to understand that you should be calling the
>> assert functions just for their side effects, not for their return value.
>>
>> If you want to test two conditions, do them as  separate statements.  By
>> trying to compose them with 'and', the code actually means something
>> different due to boolean logic short circuiting.
>>
>> If you have questions, please feel free to ask.  Good luck!
>>
> 
> Hi,
> 
> Thanks a lot for replying back. I should do something like this right?
> truth_value = yellow_temperature_simulation() <= 100.5 and
> yellow_temperature_simulation() >= 100.0
> self.assertTrue(truth_value)
> 
> I just want to confirm if I get the concept right?

No, you want to check all constrainsts for one value. The way you write it 
above you check if one value is below 100.5 and another is above 100.0.

In your previous post you state

> when my program is in the yellow state, it should generate the numbers
> from 100.0-100.5
> and 102.5-103.0

The "and" is a bit misleading as you want to allow values that are in the 
first *or* the second intrval. When you spell that in Python it becomes 

temperature = yellow_temperature_simulation()
self.assertTrue(
(100.0 <= temperature < 100.5) 
or (102.5 <= temperature < 103.0))

The extra parentheses aren't required.
If you don't want half-open intervals replace < with <=.

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Re: [Tutor] Need help with two similar test cases that I have written. One works and the other fails

[Anubhav Yadav]

> > when my program is in the yellow state, it should generate the numbers
> > from 100.0-100.5
> > and 102.5-103.0
>
> The "and" is a bit misleading as you want to allow values that are in the
> first *or* the second intrval. When you spell that in Python it becomes
>
> temperature = yellow_temperature_simulation()
> self.assertTrue(
> (100.0 <= temperature < 100.5)
> or (102.5 <= temperature < 103.0))
>
>
I agree, That's the mistake I made. I fixed it as follows:

def test_red_temperature_simulation(self):
"""
Method to test the red_temperature_simulation method
"""
for i in range(100):
test_value = red_temperature_simulation()
self.assertTrue((test_value < 100.0) or (test_value > 103.0),
msg="Test failed for {}".format(test_value))

And now everything works the way it should.

Thanks for all your help :)

-- 
Regards,
Anubhav Yadav
KPIT Technologies,
Pune.
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with two similar test cases that I have written. One works and the other fails

[Danny Yoo]

On Feb 7, 2016 8:38 AM, "Danny Yoo"  wrote:
>
> :
> >
> > def test_red_temperature_simulation(self):
> > """
> > Method to test the red_temperature_simulation method
> > """
> > for i in range(100):
> > test_value = red_temperature_simulation()
> > self.assertTrue((test_value < 100.0) or (test_value >
103.0),
> > msg="Test failed for {}".format(test_value))
> >
> > And now everything works the way it should.
> >
>
> Be careful.  Now you have a test that always succeeds.

No, I'm wrong.  Sorry about that: I misread the numerical range.
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with two similar test cases that I have written. One works and the other fails

[Danny Yoo]

:
>
> def test_red_temperature_simulation(self):
> """
> Method to test the red_temperature_simulation method
> """
> for i in range(100):
> test_value = red_temperature_simulation()
> self.assertTrue((test_value < 100.0) or (test_value > 103.0),
> msg="Test failed for {}".format(test_value))
>
> And now everything works the way it should.
>

Be careful.  Now you have a test that always succeeds.
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with two similar test cases that I have written. One works and the other fails

[Anubhav Yadav]

> > Be careful.  Now you have a test that always succeeds.
>
> No, I'm wrong.  Sorry about that: I misread the numerical range.
>

This is the first time I am ever writing unit tests, and I am glad I am
doing it.

Thanks a lot for all your help!.
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with two similar test cases that I have written. One works and the other fails

[Danny Yoo]

On Feb 6, 2016 12:31 PM, "Anubhav Yadav"  wrote:
>
> Hello Everyone,
>
> I am trying to write a simple program that generated random numbers based
> on some rules.
> when my program is in the yellow state, it should generate the numbers
> from 100.0-100.5
> and 102.5-103.0. When my program is in the red state, it should generate
> numbers in the range
> less than 99.9 and greater than 103.1.
>
> I have written two very simple functions, and two unittest.TestCase test
> cases to test the two functions. I somehow feel that both my test cases
> doesn't make any sense, yet one of it passes perfectly and other one does
> not pass.

Hi Anubhav,

Ah!  The assert functions are meant to be used as statements, not as
composable expressions.  If you're familiar with the idea of side effects,
then you need to understand that you should be calling the assert functions
just for their side effects, not for their return value.

If you want to test two conditions, do them as  separate statements.  By
trying to compose them with 'and', the code actually means something
different due to boolean logic short circuiting.

If you have questions, please feel free to ask.  Good luck!
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with two similar test cases that I have written. One works and the other fails

[boB Stepp]

On Sat, Feb 6, 2016 at 10:07 AM, Anubhav Yadav  wrote:


> class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
> def test_red_temperature_simulation(self):
> """
> Method to test the red_temperature_simulation method
> """
> for i in range(10):
> self.assertLess(red_temperature_simulation(), 100.0) and \
> self.assertGreater(red_temperature_simulation(), 103.0)

Is this really what you want (And similarly in your other test
method.)?  If I am reading things correctly, you are calling
red_temperature_simulation *twice*, which will *usually* give you two
*separate* values, which you then attempt to compare.  Shouldn't you
first do:

for i in range(10):
value_to_test = red_temperature_simulation()
(self.assertLess(value_to_test, 100.0) 
self.assertGreater(value_to_test, 103.0))
?

If my understanding is indeed correct, then I will leave it to you to
figure out which logic operator ("and" or "or") makes sense here!
~(:>))



-- 
boB
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[Tutor] Need help with two similar test cases that I have written. One works and the other fails

[Anubhav Yadav]

Hello Everyone,

I am trying to write a simple program that generated random numbers based
on some rules.
when my program is in the yellow state, it should generate the numbers
from 100.0-100.5
and 102.5-103.0. When my program is in the red state, it should generate
numbers in the range
less than 99.9 and greater than 103.1.

I have written two very simple functions, and two unittest.TestCase test
cases to test the two functions. I somehow feel that both my test cases
doesn't make any sense, yet one of it passes perfectly and other one does
not pass.

Here is my code:

import random
import unittest

red_temperature_min = 99.9
red_temperature_max = 103.0
normal_temperature_min = 101.0
normal_temperature_max = 102.0
yellow_temperature_min = 100.0
yellow_temperature_max = 103.0

def red_temperature_simulation():
"""
Method to simulate the red temperature condition
"""
choice = random.randint(0,1)
if choice:
return round(random.uniform(red_temperature_min - 5.0,
red_temperature_min))
else:
return round(random.uniform(red_temperature_max,
red_temperature_max + 5.0))

def yellow_temperature_simulation():
"""
Method to simulate the yellow temperature condition
"""
choice = random.randint(0,1)
if choice:
return round(random.uniform(yellow_temperature_min,
normal_temperature_min - 0.5), 2)
else:
return round(random.uniform(normal_temperature_max + 0.5,
yellow_temperature_max), 2)


class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def test_red_temperature_simulation(self):
"""
Method to test the red_temperature_simulation method
"""
for i in range(10):
self.assertLess(red_temperature_simulation(), 100.0) and \
self.assertGreater(red_temperature_simulation(), 103.0)

def test_yellow_temperature_simulation(self):
"""
Method to test the yellow_temperature_simulation method
"""
for i in range(100):
(self.assertGreaterEqual(yellow_temperature_simulation(),
 100.0)) and \
(self.assertLessEqual(yellow_temperature_simulation(),
  100.5)) and \
(self.assertGreaterEqual(yellow_temperature_simulation(),
 102.5)) and \
(self.assertLessEqual(yellow_temperature_simulation(), 103.0))



I try to test if a number 99.7 is less than 100.0 and at the same time I
also check if it's greater than 102.5. The sentence itself doesn't make
sense, but somehow the test case for yellow passes, but the test case for
red fails. I have also tried using and instead of or!

I want to test my code, is there a better way of doing it?

Thank You.
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with two similar test cases that I have written. One works and the other fails

[boB Stepp]

On Sat, Feb 6, 2016 at 3:54 PM, boB Stepp  wrote:
> On Sat, Feb 6, 2016 at 10:07 AM, Anubhav Yadav  wrote:

Just read Danny's reply after sending mine, which means that the
answer to my question:

> If my understanding is indeed correct, then I will leave it to you to
> figure out which logic operator ("and" or "or") makes sense here!
> ~(:>))

must be neither one!  Thanks, Danny!

However, I do believe (Until proven otherwise.) my first point is still valid.

-- 
boB
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[Tutor] Need Help

[Parinay Mahakur]

Hello Tutors,


I need a program that should enable me to read values from a large number
of ASCII files and then I have to plot desired values - In this file
headings for all columns are also given. The link for the file is -

http://jsoc.stanford.edu/SUM75/D780005879/S0/hmi.rdVfitsf_fd15.2171.015.355.0.-67.5.-20.0.fit.out
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Re: [Tutor] Need Help

[Alan Gauld]

On 25/01/16 16:09, Parinay Mahakur wrote:

> I need a program that should enable me to read values from a large number
> of ASCII files and then I have to plot desired values

Have you considered a spreadsheet like Excel?
You could write a couple of macros to read the files
and to generate the plots.

If you want to do it in Python then we need a lot more
details, and some visibility of the code you've written
so far.


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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Re: [Tutor] Need Help

[Mark Lawrence]

On 25/01/2016 16:09, Parinay Mahakur wrote:

Hello Tutors,

I need a program that should enable me to read values from a large number
of ASCII files and then I have to plot desired values - In this file
headings for all columns are also given. The link for the file is -

http://jsoc.stanford.edu/SUM75/D780005879/S0/hmi.rdVfitsf_fd15.2171.015.355.0.-67.5.-20.0.fit.out


Start here https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/index.html as we don't 
write code for you.


--
My fellow Pythonistas, ask not what our language can do for you, ask
what you can do for our language.

Mark Lawrence

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Re: [Tutor] Need help with python

[Alan Gauld]

On 15/09/15 00:25, Laura Creighton wrote:

The gmane.org reference is here:

gmane.comp.python.testing.general
I am not getting anything sensible out of this.


Works for me, but admittedly I only see one post in September.


--
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos

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Re: [Tutor] Need help with python

[Laura Creighton]

In a message of Mon, 14 Sep 2015 19:48:01 +0100, Alan Gauld writes:
>On 14/09/15 18:02, vijayram wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>>   I need help with python nose tests and test-suite…  can I request help 
>> with a tutor..
>
>You can try asking basic questions here, but as nose is not
>part of the standard library you might get more help on the
>python testing list:
>
>The gmane.org reference is here:
>
>gmane.comp.python.testing.general

I am not getting anything sensible out of this.
But the testing list is over here:
http://lists.idyll.org/pipermail/testing-in-python/
Though it has been unbelievably quiet this month ...

Laura

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Re: [Tutor] Need help with python

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Mon, Sep 14, 2015 at 10:02:35AM -0700, vijayram wrote:
> Hi,
> 
>  I need help with python nose tests and test-suite…  can I request help with 
> a tutor..

Sure. Ask your questions on the mailing list, and somebody will answer.

This is a group for *public* tutoring, so that everyone can learn from 
it, not private tutoring.


-- 
Steve
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[Tutor] Need help with python

[vijayram]

Hi,

 I need help with python nose tests and test-suite…  can I request help with a 
tutor..

Thank you,
vijay
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with python

[Alan Gauld]

On 14/09/15 18:02, vijayram wrote:

Hi,

  I need help with python nose tests and test-suite…  can I request help with a 
tutor..


You can try asking basic questions here, but as nose is not
part of the standard library you might get more help on the
python testing list:

The gmane.org reference is here:

gmane.comp.python.testing.general

--
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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Re: [Tutor] Need help writing code with python

[Dave Angel]

On 02/07/2015 05:36 PM, Conner Wood wrote:

I fell behind 2 weeks in my class due to surgery and have a coding project
due tonight (Saturday, Feb. 7).  I've attached my project to this email.
Please help!  Also, I'm using a Mac laptop if that helps in anyway.  Please
get back to me as soon as you can.



Welcome to Python-tutor.  This seems to be your first post.

Thanks for making it a text email.  And for mentioning your OS.  But you 
also should be specifying the Python version.


There's no attachment to your message in the mailing list.  And many 
people here can't see attachments anyway.  If your project is too big to 
include directly in your email message, you may be out of luck.


How big a project is it, and how much of it have you been able to do so 
far?  Is there some particular problem that has you stumped?


We're here to help you get past some sticking point, not to do your 
assignment for you.  I'd expect your prof would give you an extension if 
you can't get it in because of unexpected surgery.





--
DaveA
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Re: [Tutor] Need help writing code with python

[Alan Gauld]

On 07/02/15 22:36, Conner Wood wrote:

I fell behind 2 weeks in my class due to surgery and have a coding project
due tonight (Saturday, Feb. 7).  I've attached my project to this email.
Please help!  Also, I'm using a Mac laptop if that helps in anyway.  Please
get back to me as soon as you can.


First.
We won't do homework for you so we need to see what you have done.
You need to have made some kind of attempt. Or at least have some 
specific questions.


Second
Asking for a response on the day that the assignment is due on
a mailing list isn't going to work, it didn't get here until Sunday.
I hope you got something done on Saturday but you need to give
a mailing list a bit more notice. Email can take up to 24 hours to
reach its destination, never assume it will be quicker than that
(even if 99% of the time it is).

Third,
The attachment didn't get here. So I've no idea what your assignment 
was. Its usually better to copy the text into the mail body.


Fourth.
Please give more than the fact you've got a Mac. So have I; its an old 
iBook that runs MacOS 10.4 on a 600MHz PowerPC chip. I suspect that's 
quite different to yours. Tell us the OS version and the Python version 
you are using.


--
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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Re: [Tutor] Need help writing code with python

[Ben Finney]

Alan Gauld alan.ga...@btinternet.com writes:

 Third,
 The attachment didn't get here. So I've no idea what your assignment
 was. Its usually better to copy the text into the mail body.

Given that the attachment was described as “my project”, I would advise
not sending it here in any form.

Copy text here if it's *small*, and *focussed*, and relevant to some
part of the discussion. If the text is “my project”, it's better not put
here at all.

I am glad the attachment was discarded, it sounds like sending it to all
recipients of this forum would have been only an annoyance.

Conner, please obtain the time to do the project unhurried; then, feel
free to come to this forum with *focussed* questions on aspects of the
Python code you are writing. We don't need to see the project.

-- 
 \  “I find the whole business of religion profoundly interesting. |
  `\ But it does mystify me that otherwise intelligent people take |
_o__)it seriously.” —Douglas Adams |
Ben Finney

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[Tutor] Need help writing code with python

[Conner Wood]

I fell behind 2 weeks in my class due to surgery and have a coding project
due tonight (Saturday, Feb. 7).  I've attached my project to this email.
Please help!  Also, I'm using a Mac laptop if that helps in anyway.  Please
get back to me as soon as you can.

Thanks,
Conner Wood
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Re: [Tutor] Need help writing code with python

[Ben Finney]

Conner Wood cwood1...@gmail.com writes:

 I fell behind 2 weeks in my class due to surgery and have a coding
 project due tonight (Saturday, Feb. 7). I've attached my project to
 this email.

My sympathies with your situation, I hope your surgery was successful
and you are in good health.

This is not a forum for doing your project; you will need to do your own
project.

Rather, this is a forum for publicly discussing much more focussed
topics. We tutor each other in learning Python and its idioms and
ecosystem.

We don't do one-on-one tutoring, and we don't do coding for you.

If you have a *small* portion of code that demonstrates some behaviour
that confuses you, we can talk you through the confusion (provided the
code can also behave the same for us, and provided we know what you
expected from that code).

If you have a large project, you'll need to do the work, or get some
largesse from the people expecting that work. It seems you have an
entirely valid reason to ask for a time extension.

Good hunting!

-- 
 \  “I knew things were changing when my Fraternity Brothers threw |
  `\   a guy out of the house for mocking me because I'm gay.” |
_o__)  —postsecret.com, 2010-01-19 |
Ben Finney

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Re: [Tutor] Need help with find error

[Danny Yoo]

On Wed, Feb 4, 2015 at 1:01 AM, Андрей Пугачев
pugachov.and...@gmail.com wrote:
 Hi
 I'm learning python a few weeks and have problems with code that read text
 from txt-file
 Code doing all right, but in the end I have error

 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File trivia_challenge.py, line 81, in module
 main()
   File trivia_challenge.py, line 74, in main
 category, question, answers, correct, explanation, points =
 next_block(trivia_file)
   File trivia_challenge.py, line 37, in next_block
 points = int(next_line(the_file))
 ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: ''



Your next_line() function looks a little off.  Let's take a look at it:


def next_line(the_file):
Return next line from the trivia file, formatted.
line = the_file.readline()
line = line.replace(/, \n)
return line


What do you want to happen here, when there are no more lines in the
file to read?
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with find error

[Danny Yoo]

As a revision of my initial question, when we look at next_block(),
it's documented as follows:


def next_block(the_file):
Return the next block of data from the trivia file.



What if there are no more blocks in the file?  What should happen then?

Let's say that we do a test, where we pass in the empty file to next_block().

##
from io import StringIO
x = next_block(StringIO(''))
##

What do you want to happen in this situation?

---

As a side note: if you have control over the data format, you might
want to consider using JSON rather than a line-based format.  If you
use JSON, this takes care of a few issues that you are working around
now.

For example, you can reuse the newline escapes rather than define your
own convention.  Also, rather than read a stream of records, where you
have to deal with the end of the file, you might just read one JSON
object that represents your whole trivia file, which will simplify
your program's logic.

See: https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html and use your favorite
web search engine for 'json python tutorial', and you should be able
to find some useful information.  If you have questions, please feel
free to ask.
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Re: [Tutor] Need help with find error

[Peter Otten]

Андрей Пугачев wrote:

 Hi
 I'm learning python a few weeks and have problems with code that read text
 from txt-file
 Code doing all right, but in the end I have error
 
 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File trivia_challenge.py, line 81, in module
 main()
   File trivia_challenge.py, line 74, in main
 category, question, answers, correct, explanation, points =
 next_block(trivia_file)
   File trivia_challenge.py, line 37, in next_block
 points = int(next_line(the_file))
 ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: ''
 
 I see it don't like empty line, but line is not emty...
 
 py-file http://pastebin.com/9C4guZq5
 
 txt-file http://pastebin.com/dZVs8V9P

Put some debugging code into your script that keeps track of the line you 
are reading. For that you can modify the next_line() routine:

current_line = 0
def next_line(the_file):
Return next line from the trivia file, formatted.
global current_line

line = the_file.readline()
print(XXX CURRENT LINE, current_line, repr(line))
current_line += 1

line = line.replace(/, \n)
return line

Then, when you run the script again, there will be a line

XXX CURRENT LINE 451 'yabba dabba doo\n'

printed right before the exception is triggered. Once you know the line 
(hint: it's not actually a line in the file) the problem should be easy to 
fix. (Come back here to ask for more hints if you cannot fix it.)

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Re: [Tutor] Need help with find error

[Alan Gauld]

On 04/02/15 09:01, Андрей Пугачев wrote:


Code doing all right, but in the end I have error

Traceback (most recent call last):
   File trivia_challenge.py, line 81, in module
 main()
   File trivia_challenge.py, line 74, in main
 category, question, answers, correct, explanation, points =
next_block(trivia_file)
   File trivia_challenge.py, line 37, in next_block
 points = int(next_line(the_file))
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: ''

I see it don't like empty line, but line is not emty...



OK, But what is it? Does it contain any spaces or letters or punctuation 
characters?


Try separating out the line and then adding a try/except like so:

try:
   line = next_line(the_file)
   points = int(line)
except ValueError:
   print Line causing error is: \n;, repr(line)
   raise

That way you will see exactly what causes the exception.

--
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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[Tutor] Need help with find error

[Андрей Пугачев]

Hi
I'm learning python a few weeks and have problems with code that read text
from txt-file
Code doing all right, but in the end I have error

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File trivia_challenge.py, line 81, in module
main()
  File trivia_challenge.py, line 74, in main
category, question, answers, correct, explanation, points =
next_block(trivia_file)
  File trivia_challenge.py, line 37, in next_block
points = int(next_line(the_file))
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: ''

I see it don't like empty line, but line is not emty...

py-file http://pastebin.com/9C4guZq5

txt-file http://pastebin.com/dZVs8V9P
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Re: [Tutor] Need help!

[Adam Jensen]

On Fri, 12 Dec 2014 07:46:05 -0500
Jagannath Ramanan jagannath.rama...@gmail.com wrote:

 My name is jag. I need little bit of help understanding something. I have a
 vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
 im using python.
 
 For some reason the communication is only possible between them is to send
 custom TCP/IP messages. Im not a hardcore developers. I can do scripts and
 i have used gtk python for front ends etc.
 
 *The TCP /IP message length is:*
 
 TCP/IP: 37 bytes of message + 16 bytes of header = 53 bytes Raw Serial: 37
 bytes message + 16 bytes of header + 2 bytes of trailer = 55 bytes
 I have no idea how i would code something like that in python to make it
 talk to the server.

When you hear hoofbeats, think of horses not zebras.

It's possible you only need to open a TCP port in the RedHat machine's firewall:

/sbin/iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp -d ${ip_of_lubuntu} --dport ${port} -j ACCEPT

For experimentation and development, it might be best to select a port number 
within the range 49152–65535.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers
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[Tutor] Need help!

[Jagannath Ramanan]

Dear Sir / Madam,

My name is jag. I need little bit of help understanding something. I have a
vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
im using python.

For some reason the communication is only possible between them is to send
custom TCP/IP messages. Im not a hardcore developers. I can do scripts and
i have used gtk python for front ends etc.

*The TCP /IP message length is:*

TCP/IP: 37 bytes of message + 16 bytes of header = 53 bytes Raw Serial: 37
bytes message + 16 bytes of header + 2 bytes of trailer = 55 bytes
I have no idea how i would code something like that in python to make it
talk to the server.

Any any help or guidance is sincerely appreciated.

Thanks in advance!!



  Sincerely,
Jagannath Ramanan,
Software Tester
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Re: [Tutor] Need help!

[Danny Yoo]

On Dec 12, 2014 8:54 AM, Jagannath Ramanan jagannath.rama...@gmail.com
wrote:

 Dear Sir / Madam,

 My name is jag. I need little bit of help understanding something. I have
a
 vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
 im using python.


This question is out of scope for a beginner tutor forum.  I don't think
many of us can help you with low level network programming.  We can point
you to resources like the Socket HOWTO at
https://docs.python.org/2/howto/sockets.html.  But what you're asking
sounds much more low level than that.

You may want to check on python-list.
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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Re: [Tutor] Need help!

[Oscar Benjamin]

On 12 December 2014 at 12:46, Jagannath Ramanan
jagannath.rama...@gmail.com wrote:
 Dear Sir / Madam,

 My name is jag.

Hi Jag,

 I need little bit of help understanding something. I have a
 vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
 im using python.

 For some reason the communication is only possible between them is to send
 custom TCP/IP messages. Im not a hardcore developers. I can do scripts and
 i have used gtk python for front ends etc.

 *The TCP /IP message length is:*

 TCP/IP: 37 bytes of message + 16 bytes of header = 53 bytes Raw Serial: 37
 bytes message + 16 bytes of header + 2 bytes of trailer = 55 bytes
 I have no idea how i would code something like that in python to make it
 talk to the server.

 Any any help or guidance is sincerely appreciated.

 Thanks in advance!!

I'm don't really understand from your description what needs to be
done so I can't offer any code that would do it.

However I see that there is a module called vncdotool on PyPI here:
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/vncdotool

Apparently that module is made to speak to VNC servers. Perhaps you
could give it a try.


Oscar
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Re: [Tutor] Need help!

[Alan Gauld]

On 12/12/14 12:46, Jagannath Ramanan wrote:


vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
im using python.

For some reason the communication is only possible between them is to send
custom TCP/IP messages.


What makes you think so?
Is that something you have been told?
Is it a technical requirement of your project?
Have you tried communicating in any other way
- eg. ping, ftp, ssh, http etc/

Also does it need to be TCP/IP? Could it be UDP over IP instead?
If the messages are simple UDP can sometimes be easier to work with.


*The TCP /IP message length is:*

TCP/IP: 37 bytes of message + 16 bytes of header = 53 bytes Raw Serial: 37
bytes message + 16 bytes of header + 2 bytes of trailer = 55 bytes
I have no idea how i would code something like that in python to make it
talk to the server.


It may be possible but it's well beyond the scope of learning Python
and its library. You are probably better asking on the main python
list. Assuming you really must go down this path of course.

You might want to find a copy of Foundations of Python Network 
Programming by Goertzen. It's probably the best reference for 
networking on Python. But even he doesn't discuss creating

bespoke packets which is what you seem to be asking about.

The other classic text is Richard Steven's book(s)
Unix Network Programming: Sockets Networking API v.1

It's aimed at C programmers and very low level but for what you
want it may be the best bet.

--
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


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Re: [Tutor] Need help!

[Cameron Simpson]

On 12Dec2014 07:46, Jagannath Ramanan jagannath.rama...@gmail.com wrote:

My name is jag. I need little bit of help understanding something. I have a
vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
im using python.

For some reason the communication is only possible between them is to send
custom TCP/IP messages. Im not a hardcore developers. I can do scripts and
i have used gtk python for front ends etc.

*The TCP /IP message length is:*

TCP/IP: 37 bytes of message + 16 bytes of header = 53 bytes Raw Serial: 37
bytes message + 16 bytes of header + 2 bytes of trailer = 55 bytes
I have no idea how i would code something like that in python to make it
talk to the server.


I think you need to supply some more detail. The above looks like small snippet 
from a much larger document. It sounds to me like that is from a summary of 
some protocol which is slightly different over TCP from over a serial line.


When you say the communication is only possible between them is to send custom 
TCP/IP messages, what kind of communication to you have in mind? Normally a 
VNC service on your redhat box is simply a way of presenting a virtual display 
for remote interaction. It would be unusual for that to be your only choice 
unless you have a specific task in mind.


Cheers,
Cameron Simpson c...@zip.com.au

Sometimes the only solution is to find a new problem.
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