Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
But this does not (!) make the media mountable! You may see that as a disadvantage, but maybe it's not: You can access it now directly without needing to mount it, and you can extract from it by selection, e. g. % tar xvjf /dev/cd0 ~/music to only extract the music/ subtree. The tar file system is best for interoperability because (if I may say this) every UNIX-like OS can read tar, no matter if you put it n discs, disks, tapes or even hard disks or USB sticks. I was curious to tar directly to a blank dvd+rw. I tried: tar -cvf /dev/cd1 root0-090107.gz root1-090116.gz a root0-090107.gz a root1-090116.gz I got the prompt back but the dvd device stays busy (on the unit, the light flashes non stop). Any ideas? Regis -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/how-to-create-a-DVD-backup-filesystem--tp21617046p21673928.html Sent from the freebsd-questions mailing list archive at Nabble.com. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
I was curious to tar directly to a blank dvd+rw. I tried: tar -cvf /dev/cd1 root0-090107.gz root1-090116.gz a root0-090107.gz a root1-090116.gz I got the prompt back but the dvd device stays busy (on the unit, the light flashes non stop). Any ideas? perform ANY read from the drive and that's all :) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
I think the ISO-9660 + RockRidge is the most comfortable way for what you intend - allthough the tar method (or even the UFS method) won't be any problem here. But as I said, maximum compatibility is always welcome for backups. well not always. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
cdr.iso:ISO 9660 CD-ROM filesystem data 'CDROM 642848 -rw-r--r-- 1 kline wheel 657922048 Jan 24 15:34 cdr.iso what is the safest command to use to burn to 1. a CD, and 2. a DVD? Since `file' says that cdr.iso is a filesystem, I'm if it ISO9660 filesystem image. you may check it before writing this way mdconfig -a -o readonly -t vnode -f cdr.iso mount_cd9660 /dev/md0 /mnt then after checking umount /mnt mdconfig -d -u 0 (assumed you don't use other md devices that moment, if so, device number will not be md0) assuming that I don't need to grow or newfs anything on the disc. cdrtools for CD dvd+rw-tools for DVD ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
I know this is *very* lazy stuff, but it works, and I never change a running system. :-) which is always a good thing. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 10:05:12AM +0100, Wojciech Puchar wrote: cdr.iso:ISO 9660 CD-ROM filesystem data 'CDROM 642848 -rw-r--r-- 1 kline wheel 657922048 Jan 24 15:34 cdr.iso what is the safest command to use to burn to 1. a CD, and 2. a DVD? Since `file' says that cdr.iso is a filesystem, I'm if it ISO9660 filesystem image. you may check it before writing this way mdconfig -a -o readonly -t vnode -f cdr.iso mount_cd9660 /dev/md0 /mnt then after checking umount /mnt mdconfig -d -u 0 (assumed you don't use other md devices that moment, if so, device number will not be md0) Right. But you can do it even faster, since our bsdtar is able to read (most) iso9660 images directly, e.g.: $ tar -tf cdr.iso -cpghost -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 03:18:43AM +0100, Polytropon wrote: On Sat, 24 Jan 2009 17:56:33 -0800, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: Now that I have cdr.iso:ISO 9660 CD-ROM filesystem data 'CDROM 642848 -rw-r--r-- 1 kline wheel 657922048 Jan 24 15:34 cdr.iso what is the safest command to use to burn to 1. a CD, and 2. a DVD? Since `file' says that cdr.iso is a filesystem, I'm assuming that I don't need to grow or newfs anything on the disc. You're right. It is a pre-mastered file system that just needs to be recorded onto a media. The size 657922048 indicates that it would fit onto a regular CD-R. cdrdao seems like more toward audio, so i'm guessing that it's either cdrecord or burncd. I'll share my shell script once it works on both media. Yes, both will work, and yes, cdrdao is better for audio or mixed forms (allthough it can burn data ISO, too, but I don't know how, out of the box). :-) You may follow my examples from Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2009 02:53:46 +0100. I'm a lazy guy, so I've setup the following aliases in /etc/csh.cshrc: alias burndata'cdrecord dev=1,0,0 speed=16 -v -eject -tao -data' alias burnaudio 'cdrecord dev=1,0,0 speed=16 -v -eject -dao -audio' alias burntoc 'cdrdao write --driver generic-mmc-raw --device 1,0,0 --speed 16 --eject' And I've got a shell script burndvd in ~/bin (included in $PATH): #!/bin/sh if [ $1 = ]; then echo $0 iso exit 1 fi if [ ! -f $1 ]; then echo $0: cannot open $1 exit 1 fi growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=$1 cdcontrol eject I know this is *very* lazy stuff, but it works, and I never change a running system. :-) Yo! thanks! :-) -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... -- Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix http://jottings.thought.org http://transfinite.thought.org The 2.23a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 03:35:44AM +0100, cpghost wrote: On Sat, Jan 24, 2009 at 05:56:33PM -0800, Gary Kline wrote: Now that I have cdr.iso:ISO 9660 CD-ROM filesystem data 'CDROM 642848 -rw-r--r-- 1 kline wheel 657922048 Jan 24 15:34 cdr.iso what is the safest command to use to burn to 1. a CD, and 2. a DVD? Since `file' says that cdr.iso is a filesystem, I'm assuming that I don't need to grow or newfs anything on the disc. In addition to the cdrecord examples shown earlier, you can also simply use burncd: # burncd -f /dev/acd0 -s max data cdr.iso fixate But remember one thing: don't try to mix and match accesses to /dev/acd0 and /dev/cd0. IIRC, there are (were?) some issues with using ATAPI and ATAPICAM drivers simultaneously. If you prefer to stick to ATAPICAM (recommended), use cdrecord to write to the virtual device represending the burner. Use cdrecord's -scanbus option (as root!) to find out: phenom# cdrecord -scanbus Cdrecord-Clone 2.01 (amd64-unknown-freebsd7.1) Copyright (C) 1995-2004 Jörg Schilling Using libscg version 'schily-0.8'. scsibus0: 0,0,0 0) * 0,1,0 1) 'Optiarc ' 'DVD RW AD-7203A ' '1.01' Removable CD-ROM 0,2,0 2) * 0,3,0 3) * 0,4,0 4) * 0,5,0 5) * 0,6,0 6) * 0,7,0 7) * This would then be on that machine: # cdrecord -v speed=8 dev=0,1,0 cdr.iso To burn to a DVD, use growisofs, using something like this: # growisofs -dvd-compat -speed=8 -Z /dev/cd0=cdr.iso Regards, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ Thanks for the clue. I remember some sort of cmd that told me that my second drive was (I thought) 1,1,0... but wasn't abs certain. Your ``cdrecord -scanbus'' did the trick:: Using libscg version 'schily-0.8'. scsibus1: 1,0,0 100) 'PIONEER ' 'DVD-RW DVR-112D' '1.21' Removable CD-ROM 1,1,0 101) 'LITE-ON ' 'DVDRW LH-20A1P ' 'KL0N' Removable CD-ROM 1,2,0 102) * 1,3,0 103) * 1,4,0 104) * 1,5,0 105) * 1,6,0 106) * 1,7,0 107) * Being new to this burning discs as backup, i didn't want to risk trying my second burner. (seeing smoke coming from the drive or whatever... ;) Now I'm set to try. gary -- Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix http://jottings.thought.org http://transfinite.thought.org The 2.23a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
Y'never know when a meteor will destroy the Earth... . Using tar onto acd may not work, but utilizing atapicam, it could works with some DVD+R drives with DVD+RW media that was formatted with dvd+rw-format. just tar -b 64 works with DVD+R media too but media is not fixated ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
to only extract the music/ subtree. The tar file system is best for interoperability because (if I may say this) every UNIX-like OS can read tar, no matter if you the funny thing is when you create CD/DVD with FAT file system. Windoze can't read it :) because in this excuse of OS disks MUST be FAT/NTFS and CDROM/DVD must be ISO9660. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Fri, Jan 23, 2009 at 05:09:51PM +0100, Wojciech Puchar wrote: Guys, I've got several directories off ~kline/ that I want to store permanently. Like all my development code in ~/devel, and all my music mp3's and ogg's in ~/Music, and all my online and mp3 books from libribox.org in ~/readings. There are PDF files and HTML and a slew of other stuff. man mkisofs man growisofs that's all. mkisofs creates ISO image growisofs records DVD you can make growisofs run mkisofs in-flight so no image file has to be made. either a few CD's or one DVD? Right now, I'm cross-backing up it's best NOT to use GUI interfaces for this. as always - doing it from command line is much easier when you learn. I understand that! ...learned the hard way:) Then again, I cheated and successfully used the K3B data-dvd mode. It only seemed to work 50%, then hung, but amazingly, the folder icons on the top left were movable to the large space on the lower right half. I chose the verify option. Now back to my original plans of using the command-line tool set. So far, so good. After a dozen failures, your earlier post did work. I did a mkdir cdr; cp'd hundreds of megs into it, then ran mkisofs. And lastly ran dvdisaster against the iso file to get an ECC listing. Now to find out how to burn this image to a CD or DVD and - you ARE NOT forced to use ISO-9660 filesystem. in unix recorded DVD is just readonly disk, you can use any filesystem it supports. So long as this is readable on FBSD, Linux, or a Mac, I'll be happy. if you do this often and your DVD's don't need to be windoze-readable (which could be adventage sometimes) then: - create partitions of exactly 9180416 sectors (which is 2295104 2K sectors - exactly DVD size) - use newfs to create partition. for best results use options newfs -m 0 -b 32768 -f 4096 -i 524288 note that -i specify how much bytes is available per inode. more given=less inodes created and less space wasted, but you may run out of inodes storing small files. this example allows you to store about 8900 files. wHat are the numbers ofr a CD-R/CD+RW? Would growisofs be able to figure this out from scanning a 700MB disc? (I have more CD's than DVD's.) - mount it and record what you like as usual - unmount and use growisofs to record a disc. use that disc with mount -r /dev/cd0 /mountpoint Thanks much. A FWIW to anyone reading this who is new to this optical stuff. Roland Smith has an outstanding writeup on how to configure the /etc/devfs files. I used in in late '07, then after my network meltdown when I needed to start from square-one, his tutorial got me going again. gary -- Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix http://jottings.thought.org http://transfinite.thought.org The 2.23a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Fri, 23 Jan 2009 10:14:08 -0800, per...@pluto.rain.com wrote: You can always try to tar it up directly tar -czf /dev/acd0 ~kline/ ~devel/ Does it actually work to write to a burner without intervention by the likes of cdrecord or burncd? If so, should it also be possible to burn an existing .iso by something like dd if=cd1.iso of=/dev/acd0 bs=64b 1st: On FreeBSD, using direct write calls would involve the ATAPICAM facility, so /dev/cd0 instead of /dev/acd0 would be the correct device. 2nd: I'm not sure this works on FreeBSD, but I remember having used something similar on a SCSI CD recorder on a Sun or SGI system. I'm not sure which one it was, but it allowed to handle CDs the same way as other SCSI devices, like tape drives. You could try it out by loading the ATAPICAM subsystem (via kldload or compiled into kernel) and then try one of the commands above. I'm not sure dd works, but tar should. But to be honest, I've never tried it out because I'm very comfortable with cdrecord and cdrdao, and was with burncd in the past. -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Sat, 24 Jan 2009 16:02:58 -0800, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: After a dozen failures, your earlier post did work. I did a mkdir cdr; cp'd hundreds of megs into it, then ran mkisofs. And lastly ran dvdisaster against the iso file to get an ECC listing. Now to find out how to burn this image to a CD or DVD There are several possibilities. The hard way? :-) 1. Record on CD-R(W) a) FreeBSD's burncd % burncd -e -v -s 16 -f /dev/acd0 data cdr.iso fixate b) The port cdrtools (includes cdrecord) % cdrecord dev=1,0,0 speed=16 -v -eject -tao -data cdr.iso 2. Record on DVD+-*/R(W) The port dvd+rw-tools (includes growisofs) growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=cdr.iso This example implies the following setting in /etc/devfs.conf: linkcd0 dvd Alter device to fit your needs. As aleays, check the manpages. They're helpful and include kind-of copy paste examples. Note that 1 b) and 2 need atapicam (in kernel or via kldload). For 1 b), you can check which SCSI ID corresponds to your recorder using the command % camcontrol devlist Have in mind that permissions have to be set correctly in order to access these devices for writing. It's intended to be that way. :-) Finally, check the optimal writing speed for your CDs and DVDs. So long as this is readable on FBSD, Linux, or a Mac, I'll be happy. These platforms will read everything that has been mentioned in this thread already, because they're real operating systems (and not excuses for being none). :-) I think the ISO-9660 + RockRidge is the most comfortable way for what you intend - allthough the tar method (or even the UFS method) won't be any problem here. But as I said, maximum compatibility is always welcome for backups. -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 02:03:49AM +0100, Polytropon wrote: On Fri, 23 Jan 2009 10:14:08 -0800, per...@pluto.rain.com wrote: You can always try to tar it up directly tar -czf /dev/acd0 ~kline/ ~devel/ Does it actually work to write to a burner without intervention by the likes of cdrecord or burncd? If so, should it also be possible to burn an existing .iso by something like dd if=cd1.iso of=/dev/acd0 bs=64b 1st: On FreeBSD, using direct write calls would involve the ATAPICAM facility, so /dev/cd0 instead of /dev/acd0 would be the correct device. 2nd: I'm not sure this works on FreeBSD, but I remember having used something similar on a SCSI CD recorder on a Sun or SGI system. I'm not sure which one it was, but it allowed to handle CDs the same way as other SCSI devices, like tape drives. You could try it out by loading the ATAPICAM subsystem (via kldload or compiled into kernel) and then try one of the commands above. I'm not sure dd works, but tar should. But to be honest, I've never tried it out because I'm very comfortable with cdrecord and cdrdao, and was with burncd in the past. This is my chance to ask a last [ or one-of the last ] question[s]. Now that I have cdr.iso:ISO 9660 CD-ROM filesystem data 'CDROM 642848 -rw-r--r-- 1 kline wheel 657922048 Jan 24 15:34 cdr.iso what is the safest command to use to burn to 1. a CD, and 2. a DVD? Since `file' says that cdr.iso is a filesystem, I'm assuming that I don't need to grow or newfs anything on the disc. cdrdao seems like more toward audio, so i'm guessing that it's either cdrecord or burncd. I'll share my shell script once it works on both media. thankee, gary -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org -- Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix http://jottings.thought.org http://transfinite.thought.org The 2.23a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Sat, 24 Jan 2009 17:56:33 -0800, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: Now that I have cdr.iso:ISO 9660 CD-ROM filesystem data 'CDROM 642848 -rw-r--r-- 1 kline wheel 657922048 Jan 24 15:34 cdr.iso what is the safest command to use to burn to 1. a CD, and 2. a DVD? Since `file' says that cdr.iso is a filesystem, I'm assuming that I don't need to grow or newfs anything on the disc. You're right. It is a pre-mastered file system that just needs to be recorded onto a media. The size 657922048 indicates that it would fit onto a regular CD-R. cdrdao seems like more toward audio, so i'm guessing that it's either cdrecord or burncd. I'll share my shell script once it works on both media. Yes, both will work, and yes, cdrdao is better for audio or mixed forms (allthough it can burn data ISO, too, but I don't know how, out of the box). :-) You may follow my examples from Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2009 02:53:46 +0100. I'm a lazy guy, so I've setup the following aliases in /etc/csh.cshrc: alias burndata'cdrecord dev=1,0,0 speed=16 -v -eject -tao -data' alias burnaudio 'cdrecord dev=1,0,0 speed=16 -v -eject -dao -audio' alias burntoc 'cdrdao write --driver generic-mmc-raw --device 1,0,0 --speed 16 --eject' And I've got a shell script burndvd in ~/bin (included in $PATH): #!/bin/sh if [ $1 = ]; then echo $0 iso exit 1 fi if [ ! -f $1 ]; then echo $0: cannot open $1 exit 1 fi growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=$1 cdcontrol eject I know this is *very* lazy stuff, but it works, and I never change a running system. :-) -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 02:53:46AM +0100, Polytropon wrote: On Sat, 24 Jan 2009 16:02:58 -0800, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: After a dozen failures, your earlier post did work. I did a mkdir cdr; cp'd hundreds of megs into it, then ran mkisofs. And lastly ran dvdisaster against the iso file to get an ECC listing. Now to find out how to burn this image to a CD or DVD There are several possibilities. The hard way? :-) 1. Record on CD-R(W) a) FreeBSD's burncd % burncd -e -v -s 16 -f /dev/acd0 data cdr.iso fixate b) The port cdrtools (includes cdrecord) % cdrecord dev=1,0,0 speed=16 -v -eject -tao -data cdr.iso 2. Record on DVD+-*/R(W) The port dvd+rw-tools (includes growisofs) growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=cdr.iso This example implies the following setting in /etc/devfs.conf: linkcd0 dvd Alter device to fit your needs. As aleays, check the manpages. They're helpful and include kind-of copy paste examples. Note that 1 b) and 2 need atapicam (in kernel or via kldload). For 1 b), you can check which SCSI ID corresponds to your recorder using the command % camcontrol devlist Have in mind that permissions have to be set correctly in order to access these devices for writing. It's intended to be that way. :-) Finally, check the optimal writing speed for your CDs and DVDs. So long as this is readable on FBSD, Linux, or a Mac, I'll be happy. These platforms will read everything that has been mentioned in this thread already, because they're real operating systems (and not excuses for being none). :-) I think the ISO-9660 + RockRidge is the most comfortable way for what you intend - allthough the tar method (or even the UFS method) won't be any problem here. But as I said, maximum compatibility is always welcome for backups. Max, yes, even if all I have is DOS :-) Thanks very much. I do have dvd linked in /etc/devfs.conf, as well as the atapi/cam/SCSI xpt stuff compiled in. So the last step would seem to be simply mousing in your cdrecord for my CD's. Probably use a seperate script for the DVD's and growiofs. gary -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... -- Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix http://jottings.thought.org http://transfinite.thought.org The 2.23a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Sat, Jan 24, 2009 at 05:56:33PM -0800, Gary Kline wrote: Now that I have cdr.iso:ISO 9660 CD-ROM filesystem data 'CDROM 642848 -rw-r--r-- 1 kline wheel 657922048 Jan 24 15:34 cdr.iso what is the safest command to use to burn to 1. a CD, and 2. a DVD? Since `file' says that cdr.iso is a filesystem, I'm assuming that I don't need to grow or newfs anything on the disc. In addition to the cdrecord examples shown earlier, you can also simply use burncd: # burncd -f /dev/acd0 -s max data cdr.iso fixate But remember one thing: don't try to mix and match accesses to /dev/acd0 and /dev/cd0. IIRC, there are (were?) some issues with using ATAPI and ATAPICAM drivers simultaneously. If you prefer to stick to ATAPICAM (recommended), use cdrecord to write to the virtual device represending the burner. Use cdrecord's -scanbus option (as root!) to find out: phenom# cdrecord -scanbus Cdrecord-Clone 2.01 (amd64-unknown-freebsd7.1) Copyright (C) 1995-2004 J??rg Schilling Using libscg version 'schily-0.8'. scsibus0: 0,0,0 0) * 0,1,0 1) 'Optiarc ' 'DVD RW AD-7203A ' '1.01' Removable CD-ROM 0,2,0 2) * 0,3,0 3) * 0,4,0 4) * 0,5,0 5) * 0,6,0 6) * 0,7,0 7) * This would then be on that machine: # cdrecord -v speed=8 dev=0,1,0 cdr.iso To burn to a DVD, use growisofs, using something like this: # growisofs -dvd-compat -speed=8 -Z /dev/cd0=cdr.iso Regards, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Sat, 24 Jan 2009 18:32:01 -0800, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: Max, yes, even if all I have is DOS :-) Sure, no problem. Erm stop, no, little problem with DOS: It will cut off filenames at 8.3 convention because DOS only gets the ISO-9660 part, but not the standard RockRidge (or even the non- standard Joliet extension). But because RockRidge is standard, it provides the RR_MOVED mechanism which can be used to obtain the real filenames from the ISO-9660 8.3 names. Thanks very much. I do have dvd linked in /etc/devfs.conf, as well as the atapi/cam/SCSI xpt stuff compiled in. You just need to have the proper permissions, or call the command with a sudo prefix - I prefer the first option. Probably use a seperate script for the DVD's and growiofs. Because the geowisofs burning command doesn't allow the file name for the ISO to be a separate parameter, I chose to put it into a little shell script. That's the only reason that I didn't create an alias in /etc/csh.cshrc. If something like % growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd -f cdr.iso ^^, fictional parameter would be possible, I would really prefer it. The alias could then be everything until -f (which would read out use this file as image instead of the device=file parameter which isn't good for creating an alias (such as for cdrecord or cdrdao). -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Sun, 25 Jan 2009 03:35:44 +0100, cpghost cpgh...@cordula.ws wrote: In addition to the cdrecord examples shown earlier, you can also simply use burncd: # burncd -f /dev/acd0 -s max data cdr.iso fixate An addition: -s max will select the drive's fastest speed. This can lead to problems if your media is cheap and can't handle a speed of 32x or 48x (writing speed). You can manually set a speed where you and your media feel safe. :-) Personally, I don't record faster than 16x. There is a saying (urband legend?) that you shouldn't record audio CDs faster than 8x, but I'm not sure if this applies. But remember one thing: don't try to mix and match accesses to /dev/acd0 and /dev/cd0. IIRC, there are (were?) some issues with using ATAPI and ATAPICAM drivers simultaneously. I haven't found such issues yet, but I dropped burncd some time ago because it wouldn't work on /dev/acd0 anymore (on 5.x, it did and was my preferred tool), so I switched to cdrecord and cdrdao, using the ATAPICAM facility. If you prefer to stick to ATAPICAM (recommended), use cdrecord to write to the virtual device represending the burner. Use cdrecord's -scanbus option (as root!) to find out: phenom# cdrecord -scanbus [...] 0,1,0 1) 'Optiarc ' 'DVD RW AD-7203A ' '1.01' Removable CD-ROM [...] I think the camcontrol utility (provided by the OS) works, too: % camcontrol devlist HL-DT-ST DVD-RAM GSA-H58N 1.01 at scbus1 target 0 lun 0 (cd0,pass0) ^^ ^ ^^^ This command shows you the SCSI ID 1,0,0 and the device /dev/cd0 for the recorder at the same time. Instead of giving them as command line options to the various tools, you can create their config files and put this information there (refer to the manpages for the name and content description of the files). But because on systems the SCSI ID's don't change on a regular basis, using wrapper scripts or shell aliases will make burning comfortable, and they need service only if you change something in the hardware. -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Thu, 22 Jan 2009 23:37:51 -0800, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: So if I use my space in /usr/tmp, would I use the cmd given by cpghost: % mkisoft -R -J -o cdr.iso /usr/tmp/cdr/ ? ^ ^ If this wouldn't % create the RockRidge extension, what then? According to % man mkisofs the command above would (1) create the nonstandard Joilet extension that is required by MICROS~1 products in order to use 8.3 file names. Instead of -R, I would suggest -r for the standard RockRidge extension because it stores UNIX attributes in a good way for further usage (all files +r, no files +w). This makes further handling more easy eventually. You would end up with a pre-mastered ISO-9660+RR file system that you could load into K3B and then record it onto CD or DVD. Exact where do I click instructions, please. We're not in MICROS~1 land here. :-) I had never use for K3B, so only time I saw it was when I toyed around with PC-BSD. But I remember it has a setting for data disc or burn from a file wich is easy if you already have the premastered ISO image there. Alao, if I'm brave enough to use GUI, can I use ~/devel, ~/Music, and, say ~/texts? Why not? The only restrictions I would apply would be to make the file names a bit tidy. Of course, there's no problem using accents and Umlauts and all this stuff, and spaces, ampersands and who knows what else, but for maximum reading sureness, it's a good idea to only use a standard character set for the file names. If you only want to create an ISO from some subtrees, you can do this with mkisofs: % mkisofs -r -o /tmp/cd.iso ~/devel ~/Music ~/texts But this will discard the first level of directories, if I remember correctly. Another idea would be to temporally symlink the stuff that you want to include, then run mkisofs on the directory containing the symlinks - they get translated into the file structures they point at automatically, if I remember correctly. Or, if you've got enough time, just copy them, creating a master composition tree that will look the way if should be on the DVD then. ---I have learned to mouse-around and select my favorite mp3 and ogg-vorbis tunes, but that's just 80 minutes of music. No mount, no umount. For mounting, have the correct setting in /etc/fstab, such as # /etc/fstab # == # DeviceMountpoint FStype Options DumpPass# # --- - -- - - - /dev/acd0 /media/cdromcd9660 ro,noauto 0 0 /dev/acd0 /media/dvd cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0 /dev/acd1 /media/writer cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0 OK, then what about the mount, umount commands? % mount /dev/cd0 /mnt // cd to /dev/dv0, read, listen, whatever. Then:: ^^ No, cd to the mount point, /mnt or /media/dvd or whatever you've chosen. You can use /dev/cd0 only if atapicam is present (loaded as a kernel module or from within the kernel). If your /etc/fstab does not specify a mount rule, don't forget to add -o ro because it's a read-only media, the system should know this. % umount /dev/cd0 Possible, but mostly it's more convenient to umount the mountpoint instead of the device, but should work in any of the both ways. ?? Would this work with our FBSD filesystem and-or RockRidge? Depends on it, see /etc/fstab above; this mount command implies ISO-9660 as the file system. Instead of cutting your filenames down to 8.3 MICROS~1 style, the RockRidge extension will provide the correct file names. If you put an UFS file system onto the DVD, you would need a different command, such as % mount -t ufs -o ro /dev/acd0 /mnt -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Thu, 22 Jan 2009 23:45:16 -0800, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: On Thu, Jan 22, 2009 at 10:26:22PM -0700, Tim Judd wrote: You can always try to tar it up directly tar -czf /dev/acd0 ~kline/ ~devel/ Good luck. I do tar ~kline --bzip'd-- and scp it around. 3 times/week. I want my most important stuff, ~/[DOT] files too, on a DVD. Y'never know when a meteor will destroy the Earth... . Using tar onto acd may not work, but utilizing atapicam, it could eventually work with cd directly: % tar cvjf /dev/cd0 ~/.* ~/devel ~/music ~/texts But this does not (!) make the media mountable! You may see that as a disadvantage, but maybe it's not: You can access it now directly without needing to mount it, and you can extract from it by selection, e. g. % tar xvjf /dev/cd0 ~/music to only extract the music/ subtree. The tar file system is best for interoperability because (if I may say this) every UNIX-like OS can read tar, no matter if you put it n discs, disks, tapes or even hard disks or USB sticks. -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Thu, Jan 22, 2009 at 10:59:49PM -0800, Gary Kline wrote: On Fri, Jan 23, 2009 at 02:40:01AM +0100, cpghost wrote: Perhaps there is something like that, but I do it manually like this: * mkdir cdr/ * copy approx 3.0 to 3.1 GB worth of files into cdr/ You mean, I'm guessing, my devel files/subsirs, Music files, and other text and data, correct? Right. BTW, nothing prevents you from copying subdirs into cdr/ ;-) Just make sure that you don't overfill cdr/: * du -s -h cdr/ would give you the current size of everything in cdr and below. * mkisofs -R -J -o cdr.iso cdr/ You can also use -r instead of -R, as it would fix the permissions for you (see man mkisofs). Sorry for the omission. To use growisofs, install it from /usr/ports/sysutils/dvd+rw-tools. You may need to # kldload atapicam so that you can get /dev/cd0. Don't forget that you need write permission to /dev/cd0 and /dev/pass0, so either run growisofs as root, or add this to /etc/devfs.rules: permcd0 0666 permpass0 0666 and restart devfs (/etc/rc.d/devfs restart). I set this up at least *three* times. Wrong rule set? See man devfs. If you plan to archive the DVDs, be sure to schedule some date in a couple of years ahead to read them back in and verify their condition. If some of those DVDs developed bad sectors, you could then try to reconstruct those with dvdisaster (but only if you created the error correction data before burning!), and burn a new DVD. I'm planning on burning a new DVD every few months; storing off-site. Probably recycling some discs. That's a good idea. As long as you check the DVD every couple of years or so, and you have error correction codes available, you should be safe. Oh, and do also save the dvdisaster distfile, just in case. ;) Oh, and try to stick to good DVD blanks like Taiyo Yuden or Verbatim (only those made in Taiwan or Japan) to minimize the risk of bad sectors (i.e. especially avoid no-names or el-cheapo blanks). You can also do without dvdisaster, and write more than 3 GB to the DVDs, but if you plan to archive them and be able to read them a few years ahead, you'll highly value the error correction codes overhead. ;) Oh, and you'll still have to read the data back after burning, just to be sure everything's okay. Some kind of checksums (md5, sha256) of the directories would be useful, so plan ahead and add them before creating the ISO. I'll have checksums Plus usin the dvdisaster, :-) [[ i actually did this in the 90's with my floppies; when the CRC failed i knew a floppy had gone south. ]] Yup. Just remember that losing a couple of floppies is not the same disaster as losing a couple of DVDs. ;-) Regards, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Thu, Jan 22, 2009 at 11:37:51PM -0800, Gary Kline wrote: On Fri, Jan 23, 2009 at 02:48:11AM +0100, Polytropon wrote: Create an ISO-9660 file system with a standard RockRidge extension. This would allow you to master a file system for the CD or DVD which is usually represented by a .iso file. So if I use my space in /usr/tmp, would I use the cmd given by cpghost: % mkisoft -R -J -o cdr.iso /usr/tmp/cdr/ ? If this wouldn't % create the RockRidge extension, what then? The -R (or -r) flag creates the rockridge extensions, and -J creates the Joliet extensions (for Windows). This way, you get a hybrid DVD/CD image that is mountable on both Unix and Windows. It can be useful, since you never know which OS you'll be using when you need to read the DVD/CD back. For a DVD, you need growisofs. % growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=/tmp/kline.iso Yes, but keep in mind that /dev/dvd points to /dev/acd0 and not to /dev/cd0: $ ls -l /dev/dvd lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 4 Jan 23 15:35 /dev/dvd - acd0 IIRC, growisofs needs atapicam, i.e. /dev/cd0, but I may be mistaken. As a sidenote, I just like to mention that you don't need to use an ISO-9660 filesystem. Because we're on FreeBSD here, you can use any (!) file system on a CD or DVD, such as UFS or tar (check advantages and disadvantages). OK, then what about the mount, umount commands? % mount /dev/cd0 /mnt // cd to /dev/dv0, read, listen, whatever. Then:: % umount /dev/cd0 ?? Would this work with our FBSD filesystem and-or RockRidge? gary If you use tar to write to CD/DVD, you can't mount that directly (unless it's supported as a special fusefs filesystem). If you write a UFS filesystem to CD/DVD, you can mount it from FreeBSD (and probably other BSDs like NetBSD, OpenBSD, ...), but not from, say, Windows. So yes, it will work on FreeBSD. If you write an ISO-9660 filesystem on the CD/DVD, you can mount it from FreeBSD/Linux/Unix/... and Windows. It will work. As archive, I'd recommend a filesystem that can be mounted by as many platforms as possible, and that is currently ISO-9660 with RockRidge and Joliet. You just need to be aware of the fact, that you could also put other filesystem types or even raw tar archives on the CD/DVD if you prefer. -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
Guys, I've got several directories off ~kline/ that I want to store permanently. Like all my development code in ~/devel, and all my music mp3's and ogg's in ~/Music, and all my online and mp3 books from libribox.org in ~/readings. There are PDF files and HTML and a slew of other stuff. man mkisofs man growisofs that's all. mkisofs creates ISO image growisofs records DVD you can make growisofs run mkisofs in-flight so no image file has to be made. either a few CD's or one DVD? Right now, I'm cross-backing up it's best NOT to use GUI interfaces for this. as always - doing it from command line is much easier when you learn. and - you ARE NOT forced to use ISO-9660 filesystem. in unix recorded DVD is just readonly disk, you can use any filesystem it supports. if you do this often and your DVD's don't need to be windoze-readable (which could be adventage sometimes) then: - create partitions of exactly 9180416 sectors (which is 2295104 2K sectors - exactly DVD size) - use newfs to create partition. for best results use options newfs -m 0 -b 32768 -f 4096 -i 524288 note that -i specify how much bytes is available per inode. more given=less inodes created and less space wasted, but you may run out of inodes storing small files. this example allows you to store about 8900 files. - mount it and record what you like as usual - unmount and use growisofs to record a disc. use that disc with mount -r /dev/cd0 /mountpoint ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
Perhaps there is something like that, but I do it manually like this: * mkdir cdr/ * copy approx 3.0 to 3.1 GB worth of files into cdr/ * mkisofs -R -J -o cdr.iso cdr/ Then use dvdisaster (/usr/ports/sysutils/dvdisaster) to thank you for pointing out such a nice tool! ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Fri, 23 Jan 2009 16:16:35 +0100, cpghost cpgh...@cordula.ws wrote: Yes, but keep in mind that /dev/dvd points to /dev/acd0 and not to /dev/cd0: This can be changed by link cd0 dvd in /etc/devfs. % ll /dev/dvd lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 3 Jan 23 17:16 /dev/dvd@ - cd0 IIRC, growisofs needs atapicam, i.e. /dev/cd0, but I may be mistaken. Yes, I think it does. Its manpage mentiones /dev/dvd explicitely, so if you're using atapican anyways, it's quite handy to have the symlink above - for copy + paste from the manpage. :-) Tools like cdrdao and cdrecord use atapicam, too. If you use tar to write to CD/DVD, you can't mount that directly (unless it's supported as a special fusefs filesystem). You can't? You *don't need* to. :-) If you write a UFS filesystem to CD/DVD, you can mount it from FreeBSD (and probably other BSDs like NetBSD, OpenBSD, ...), but not from, say, Windows. So yes, it will work on FreeBSD. That's quite nice to avoid curious people from browsing the CD. on Windows, the media cannot be read. :-) If you write an ISO-9660 filesystem on the CD/DVD, you can mount it from FreeBSD/Linux/Unix/... and Windows. It will work. And on Mac OS X, too. As archive, I'd recommend a filesystem that can be mounted by as many platforms as possible, and that is currently ISO-9660 with RockRidge and Joliet. I would recommend that way, too. Having read support for as many platforms as possible is always a good idea. As you already mentioned, it may be interesting if your machine for reading back data is surprisingly not a FreeBSD machine. -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
You can always try to tar it up directly tar -czf /dev/acd0 ~kline/ ~devel/ Does it actually work to write to a burner without intervention by the likes of cdrecord or burncd? If so, should it also be possible to burn an existing .iso by something like dd if=cd1.iso of=/dev/acd0 bs=64b ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Fri, Jan 23, 2009 at 09:14:07AM +0100, Polytropon wrote: On Thu, 22 Jan 2009 23:45:16 -0800, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: On Thu, Jan 22, 2009 at 10:26:22PM -0700, Tim Judd wrote: You can always try to tar it up directly tar -czf /dev/acd0 ~kline/ ~devel/ Good luck. I do tar ~kline --bzip'd-- and scp it around. 3 times/week. I want my most important stuff, ~/[DOT] files too, on a DVD. Y'never know when a meteor will destroy the Earth... . Using tar onto acd may not work, but utilizing atapicam, it could eventually work with cd directly: % tar cvjf /dev/cd0 ~/.* ~/devel ~/music ~/texts But this does not (!) make the media mountable! You may see that as a disadvantage, but maybe it's not: You can access it now directly without needing to mount it, and you can extract from it by selection, e. g. % tar xvjf /dev/cd0 ~/music to only extract the music/ subtree. The tar file system is best for interoperability because (if I may say this) every UNIX-like OS can read tar, no matter if you put it n discs, disks, tapes or even hard disks or USB sticks. Hm. Thanks for the idea. I never considered putting a tarball directly onto a DVD, but it makes sense. On my ancient Kayak my 4mm tape drive still works, and I have that cron'd too. (Trouble with the tape drive is that its tapes won't be readable except on this drive... But the DVD stores will.) gary -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... -- Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix http://jottings.thought.org http://transfinite.thought.org The 2.23a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
Guys, I've got several directories off ~kline/ that I want to store permanently. Like all my development code in ~/devel, and all my music mp3's and ogg's in ~/Music, and all my online and mp3 books from libribox.org in ~/readings. There are PDF files and HTML and a slew of other stuff. Can I use K3B or some other GUI program to create a filesystem on either a few CD's or one DVD? Right now, I'm cross-backing up stuff to four live servers. It's just data, but I would like to be able to inset it into my optical tray, cd to it and cd to wherever and read or listen to AND (if some disaster strikes) be able to copy my files from the disc to the computer. I think I figured out how to create a tiny filesystem on a floppy disc, but this was a Long time ago. Anything push-button? tia, gary -- Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix http://jottings.thought.org http://transfinite.thought.org The 2.23a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Thu, Jan 22, 2009 at 05:10:46PM -0800, Gary Kline wrote: Guys, I've got several directories off ~kline/ that I want to store permanently. Like all my development code in ~/devel, and all my music mp3's and ogg's in ~/Music, and all my online and mp3 books from libribox.org in ~/readings. There are PDF files and HTML and a slew of other stuff. Can I use K3B or some other GUI program to create a filesystem on either a few CD's or one DVD? Right now, I'm cross-backing up stuff to four live servers. It's just data, but I would like to be able to inset it into my optical tray, cd to it and cd to wherever and read or listen to AND (if some disaster strikes) be able to copy my files from the disc to the computer. I think I figured out how to create a tiny filesystem on a floppy disc, but this was a Long time ago. Anything push-button? Perhaps there is something like that, but I do it manually like this: * mkdir cdr/ * copy approx 3.0 to 3.1 GB worth of files into cdr/ * mkisofs -R -J -o cdr.iso cdr/ Then use dvdisaster (/usr/ports/sysutils/dvdisaster) to augment cdr.iso with RS02 error correction data. This creates a bigger cdr.iso of 4.4GB ISO with approx 32% to 40% redundancy, which is quite good. Now, burn it to DVD: * growisofs -dvd-compat -speed=8 /dev/cd0=cdr.iso and make sure your system is as (disk-)idle as possible while burning. To use growisofs, install it from /usr/ports/sysutils/dvd+rw-tools. You may need to # kldload atapicam so that you can get /dev/cd0. Don't forget that you need write permission to /dev/cd0 and /dev/pass0, so either run growisofs as root, or add this to /etc/devfs.rules: permcd0 0666 permpass0 0666 and restart devfs (/etc/rc.d/devfs restart). After having burned the DVD, eject it, and insert it again. Then read it back in with dvdisaster (to some OTHER directory!), and verify the integrity of the backup (with dvdisaster). That's an important step, as you can never be sure that the burning was flawless, unless you were able to read it back in without faulty sectors. If you plan to archive the DVDs, be sure to schedule some date in a couple of years ahead to read them back in and verify their condition. If some of those DVDs developed bad sectors, you could then try to reconstruct those with dvdisaster (but only if you created the error correction data before burning!), and burn a new DVD. Oh, and try to stick to good DVD blanks like Taiyo Yuden or Verbatim (only those made in Taiwan or Japan) to minimize the risk of bad sectors (i.e. especially avoid no-names or el-cheapo blanks). You can also do without dvdisaster, and write more than 3 GB to the DVDs, but if you plan to archive them and be able to read them a few years ahead, you'll highly value the error correction codes overhead. ;) Oh, and you'll still have to read the data back after burning, just to be sure everything's okay. Some kind of checksums (md5, sha256) of the directories would be useful, so plan ahead and add them before creating the ISO. Note that all this is possibly already integrated in K3B or some other fancy GUI front-ends, or it may not: I'm not familiar with the GUI tools. tia, gary Regards, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Thu, 22 Jan 2009 17:10:46 -0800, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: Guys, I've got several directories off ~kline/ that I want to store permanently. Like all my development code in ~/devel, and all my music mp3's and ogg's in ~/Music, and all my online and mp3 books from libribox.org in ~/readings. There are PDF files and HTML and a slew of other stuff. Can I use K3B or some other GUI program to create a filesystem on either a few CD's or one DVD? Right now, I'm cross-backing up stuff to four live servers. It's just data, but I would like to be able to inset it into my optical tray, cd to it and cd to wherever and read or listen to AND (if some disaster strikes) be able to copy my files from the disc to the computer. You would need a two stage approach. 1. Create an ISO-9660 file system with a standard RockRidge extension. This would allow you to master a file system for the CD or DVD which is usually represented by a .iso file. 2. You record this file onto a CD or DVD using the data disc settings. Of course, K3B can do this with an implicite step 1 (on the fly) with no .iso file hanging around. I think I figured out how to create a tiny filesystem on a floppy disc, but this was a Long time ago. Do you think you can tell me what a floppy disc would look like? :-) Don't confuse disk (floppy disk) and disc (like CD or DVD). Anything push-button? K3B should be able to generate an ISO-9660 file system with the standard RockRidge extension. But if you do consider 3 lines of shell code push-button, maybe this is for you: % mkisofs -r -o /tmp/kline.iso ~/kline % cdrecord dev=1,0,0 speed=32 -v -eject -tao -data /tmp/kline.iso % rm /tmp/kline.iso Don't store the .iso file within the subtree you're recording, this may lead to infinity. :-) Of course, you don't need to use cdrecord. The burncd command or cdrdao will do fine, too. For a DVD, you need growisofs. % growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=/tmp/kline.iso In my opinion, all this stuff is more push-button than trying to find all the settings in a GUI application. :-) As a sidenote, I just like to mention that you don't need to use an ISO-9660 filesystem. Because we're on FreeBSD here, you can use any (!) file system on a CD or DVD, such as UFS or tar (check advantages and disadvantages). -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
Gary Kline wrote: Guys, I've got several directories off ~kline/ that I want to store permanently. Like all my development code in ~/devel, and all my music mp3's and ogg's in ~/Music, and all my online and mp3 books from libribox.org in ~/readings. There are PDF files and HTML and a slew of other stuff. Can I use K3B or some other GUI program to create a filesystem on either a few CD's or one DVD? Right now, I'm cross-backing up stuff to four live servers. It's just data, but I would like to be able to inset it into my optical tray, cd to it and cd to wherever and read or listen to AND (if some disaster strikes) be able to copy my files from the disc to the computer. I think I figured out how to create a tiny filesystem on a floppy disc, but this was a Long time ago. Anything push-button? tia, gary You can always try to tar it up directly tar -czf /dev/acd0 ~kline/ ~devel/ Good luck. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Fri, Jan 23, 2009 at 02:40:01AM +0100, cpghost wrote: On Thu, Jan 22, 2009 at 05:10:46PM -0800, Gary Kline wrote: Guys, I've got several directories off ~kline/ that I want to store permanently. Like all my development code in ~/devel, and all my music mp3's and ogg's in ~/Music, and all my online and mp3 books from libribox.org in ~/readings. There are PDF files and HTML and a slew of other stuff. Can I use K3B or some other GUI program to create a filesystem on either a few CD's or one DVD? Right now, I'm cross-backing up stuff to four live servers. It's just data, but I would like to be able to inset it into my optical tray, cd to it and cd to wherever and read or listen to AND (if some disaster strikes) be able to copy my files from the disc to the computer. I think I figured out how to create a tiny filesystem on a floppy disc, but this was a Long time ago. Anything push-button? Perhaps there is something like that, but I do it manually like this: * mkdir cdr/ * copy approx 3.0 to 3.1 GB worth of files into cdr/ You mean, I'm guessing, my devel files/subsirs, Music files, and other text and data, correct? * mkisofs -R -J -o cdr.iso cdr/ Then use dvdisaster (/usr/ports/sysutils/dvdisaster) to augment cdr.iso with RS02 error correction data. This creates a bigger cdr.iso of 4.4GB ISO with approx 32% to 40% redundancy, which is quite good. It is building as I write; thanks for the clue:-) Anything with error correction has to be a win. Now, burn it to DVD: * growisofs -dvd-compat -speed=8 /dev/cd0=cdr.iso and make sure your system is as (disk-)idle as possible while burning. Sure. Common-sense. To use growisofs, install it from /usr/ports/sysutils/dvd+rw-tools. You may need to # kldload atapicam so that you can get /dev/cd0. Don't forget that you need write permission to /dev/cd0 and /dev/pass0, so either run growisofs as root, or add this to /etc/devfs.rules: permcd0 0666 permpass0 0666 and restart devfs (/etc/rc.d/devfs restart). I set this up at least *three* times. After having burned the DVD, eject it, and insert it again. Then read it back in with dvdisaster (to some OTHER directory!), and verify the integrity of the backup (with dvdisaster). That's an important step, as you can never be sure that the burning was flawless, unless you were able to read it back in without faulty sectors. Will do. If you plan to archive the DVDs, be sure to schedule some date in a couple of years ahead to read them back in and verify their condition. If some of those DVDs developed bad sectors, you could then try to reconstruct those with dvdisaster (but only if you created the error correction data before burning!), and burn a new DVD. I'm planning on burning a new DVD every few months; storing off-site. Probably recycling some discs. Oh, and try to stick to good DVD blanks like Taiyo Yuden or Verbatim (only those made in Taiwan or Japan) to minimize the risk of bad sectors (i.e. especially avoid no-names or el-cheapo blanks). You can also do without dvdisaster, and write more than 3 GB to the DVDs, but if you plan to archive them and be able to read them a few years ahead, you'll highly value the error correction codes overhead. ;) Oh, and you'll still have to read the data back after burning, just to be sure everything's okay. Some kind of checksums (md5, sha256) of the directories would be useful, so plan ahead and add them before creating the ISO. I'll have checksums Plus usin the dvdisaster, :-) [[ i actually did this in the 90's with my floppies; when the CRC failed i knew a floppy had gone south. ]] Note that all this is possibly already integrated in K3B or some other fancy GUI front-ends, or it may not: I'm not familiar with the GUI tools. k3b IS probably the most likely tool to automate this, but it's a bit too simple for me to figure out. I want to wind up with a DVD that I can mount, cd into, and cd around within. That is my particular gotcha. So if anybody can teach me how to create a mountable/umountable DVD that would be a _filesystem_, using K3B, that might be helpful. thanks for your insights, gary tia, gary Regards, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ -- Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix http://jottings.thought.org http://transfinite.thought.org The 2.23a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Fri, Jan 23, 2009 at 02:48:11AM +0100, Polytropon wrote: On Thu, 22 Jan 2009 17:10:46 -0800, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: Guys, I've got several directories off ~kline/ that I want to store permanently. Like all my development code in ~/devel, and all my music mp3's and ogg's in ~/Music, and all my online and mp3 books from libribox.org in ~/readings. There are PDF files and HTML and a slew of other stuff. Can I use K3B or some other GUI program to create a filesystem on either a few CD's or one DVD? Right now, I'm cross-backing up stuff to four live servers. It's just data, but I would like to be able to inset it into my optical tray, cd to it and cd to wherever and read or listen to AND (if some disaster strikes) be able to copy my files from the disc to the computer. You would need a two stage approach. 1. Create an ISO-9660 file system with a standard RockRidge extension. This would allow you to master a file system for the CD or DVD which is usually represented by a .iso file. So if I use my space in /usr/tmp, would I use the cmd given by cpghost: % mkisoft -R -J -o cdr.iso /usr/tmp/cdr/ ? If this wouldn't % create the RockRidge extension, what then? 2. You record this file onto a CD or DVD using the data disc settings. Tried that; get lost after the first few clicks... Got to be 'too-too simple' :) Of course, K3B can do this with an implicite step 1 (on the fly) with no .iso file hanging around. I think I figured out how to create a tiny filesystem on a floppy disc, but this was a Long time ago. Do you think you can tell me what a floppy disc would look like? :-) Don't confuse disk (floppy disk) and disc (like CD or DVD). ---just between you and me, Polyt, i've got to watch my fingers; i might type floppy dick and that would get lots of snickers... . Anything push-button? K3B should be able to generate an ISO-9660 file system with the standard RockRidge extension. Exact where do I click instructions, please. Alao, if I'm brave enough to use GUI, can I use ~/devel, ~/Music, and, say ~/texts? ---I have learned to mouse-around and select my favorite mp3 and ogg-vorbis tunes, but that's just 80 minutes of music. No mount, no umount. But if you do consider 3 lines of shell code push-button, maybe this is for you: % mkisofs -r -o /tmp/kline.iso ~/kline % cdrecord dev=1,0,0 speed=32 -v -eject -tao -data /tmp/kline.iso % rm /tmp/kline.iso Don't store the .iso file within the subtree you're recording, this may lead to infinity. :-) Something like that happened a couple months ago (*sigh*) Of course, you don't need to use cdrecord. The burncd command or cdrdao will do fine, too. For a DVD, you need growisofs. % growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=/tmp/kline.iso In my opinion, all this stuff is more push-button than trying to find all the settings in a GUI application. :-) That makes my century!!! As a sidenote, I just like to mention that you don't need to use an ISO-9660 filesystem. Because we're on FreeBSD here, you can use any (!) file system on a CD or DVD, such as UFS or tar (check advantages and disadvantages). OK, then what about the mount, umount commands? % mount /dev/cd0 /mnt // cd to /dev/dv0, read, listen, whatever. Then:: % umount /dev/cd0 ?? Would this work with our FBSD filesystem and-or RockRidge? gary -- Polytropon From Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... -- Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix http://jottings.thought.org http://transfinite.thought.org The 2.23a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: how to create a DVD backup filesystem?
On Thu, Jan 22, 2009 at 10:26:22PM -0700, Tim Judd wrote: Gary Kline wrote: Guys, I've got several directories off ~kline/ that I want to store permanently. Like all my development code in ~/devel, and all my music mp3's and ogg's in ~/Music, and all my online and mp3 books from libribox.org in ~/readings. There are PDF files and HTML and a slew of other stuff. Can I use K3B or some other GUI program to create a filesystem on either a few CD's or one DVD? Right now, I'm cross-backing up stuff to four live servers. It's just data, but I would like to be able to inset it into my optical tray, cd to it and cd to wherever and read or listen to AND (if some disaster strikes) be able to copy my files from the disc to the computer. I think I figured out how to create a tiny filesystem on a floppy disc, but this was a Long time ago. Anything push-button? tia, gary You can always try to tar it up directly tar -czf /dev/acd0 ~kline/ ~devel/ Good luck. I do tar ~kline --bzip'd-- and scp it around. 3 times/week. I want my most important stuff, ~/[DOT] files too, on a DVD. Y'never know when a meteor will destroy the Earth... . -- Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix http://jottings.thought.org http://transfinite.thought.org The 2.23a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
