Pentax Optio WG-2 high ISO shots creative filters

2012-12-06 Thread Roman Melihhov
http://roman.blakout.net/index.php?/category/75 ^^^ I was always so against compact cameras but here I am with my Optio WG-2 in the shopping mall chasing macro closeups and especially that super macro and microscope mode. Most shots are ISO 1000-1600 and despite of assisting LED's on they don't

OT - Instagram Nickleback parody

2012-12-06 Thread Bruce Walker
Or possibly a cellphone cam art filter tutorial. http://gizmodo.com/5965404/this-hilarious-video-shows-everything-thats-annoying-about-instagram Mildly NSFW for language and Nickleback noises. -- -bmw -- PDML Pentax-Discuss Mail List PDML@pdml.net

Re: OT: Stressed REALLY PISSED OFF!

2012-12-06 Thread Paul Sorenson
A 9mm hole in his gas tank should solve the problem... ; } -p On 12/6/2012 12:54 AM, John Sessoms wrote: Some asshole was driving through my neighborhood setting fires to the piles of leaves along the curbs. One of the piles was right on the line between my house my next door neighbor. I

Re: Vanity Fair discusses Pentax K-01

2012-12-06 Thread Dario Bonazza
And then he bought a K1000... Har! Dario -Messaggio originale- From: Miserere Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2012 5:30 PM To: Pentax-Discuss Mail List Subject: Vanity Fair discusses Pentax K-01 Now that was unexpected...

Re: Vanity Fair discusses Pentax K-01

2012-12-06 Thread Mark Roberts
Miserere wrote: Now that was unexpected... http://www.vanityfair.com/online/wolcott/2012/12/Price-Drop-Jaw-Drop I love the last line: as long as they manufacture film, never obsolescent Like saying As long as I don't die I'll live forever! -- Mark Roberts - Photography Multimedia

Re: Advice on Selection of Macro Lens

2012-12-06 Thread Kenneth Waller
An eye dropper ? -Original Message- From: John Sessoms jsessoms...@nc.rr.com Subject: Re: Advice on Selection of Macro Lens From: steve harley on 2012-12-03 19:00 Bipin Gupta wrote And a WR lens is not at all necessary, for who would go flower or insect shooting in a drizzle?? some

do these exist?

2012-12-06 Thread Collin Brendemuehl
Is there a helicoid extension tube with A contacts? Or Is there a helicoid 1.4x or 1.7x tc with A contacts? -- PDML Pentax-Discuss Mail List PDML@pdml.net http://pdml.net/mailman/listinfo/pdml_pdml.net to UNSUBSCRIBE from the PDML, please visit the link directly above and follow the

Re: Dickens Fair at the Cow Palace

2012-12-06 Thread Larry Colen
On Dec 5, 2012, at 6:22 PM, Bruce Walker wrote: That's an entertaining gallery, Larry, and I enjoyed scrolling through. Thanks. The light, grain and vintage costumes combined to make me think I was looking at stills from a 1950's movie musical. Somehow they've got a Technicolor look to

Re: do these exist?

2012-12-06 Thread Bob Sullivan
John, I've never seen either. Can't say I ever saw a helicoil 1.4x or 1.7x tc. Regards, Bob S. On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 11:02 AM, Collin Brendemuehl coll...@brendemuehl.net wrote: Is there a helicoid extension tube with A contacts? Or Is there a helicoid 1.4x or 1.7x tc with A contacts? --

Re: Vanity Fair discusses Pentax K-01

2012-12-06 Thread Larry Colen
On Dec 6, 2012, at 8:42 AM, Mark Roberts wrote: Miserere wrote: Now that was unexpected... http://www.vanityfair.com/online/wolcott/2012/12/Price-Drop-Jaw-Drop I love the last line: as long as they manufacture film, never obsolescent Like saying As long as I don't die I'll live

Re: OT: Stressed REALLY PISSED OFF!

2012-12-06 Thread John Sessoms
Not much chance of that since I didn't catch whoever it was in the act and I don't have a gun anyway. I did notice later that whoever it was appeared to be following the same route as those teens who savaged my MGB all those years ago. Makes me think this might be teen vandals as well. There are

RE: Vanity Fair discusses Pentax K-01

2012-12-06 Thread John Sessoms
From: Miserere Now that was unexpected... http://www.vanityfair.com/online/wolcott/2012/12/Price-Drop-Jaw-Drop Cheers, ?M. Last paragraph pretty much sums it up. -- PDML Pentax-Discuss Mail List PDML@pdml.net http://pdml.net/mailman/listinfo/pdml_pdml.net to UNSUBSCRIBE from the PDML,

Re: do these exist?

2012-12-06 Thread Miserere
There is (or was) a Vivitar macro 2x TC in both PK and PKA versions. You attach a 50mm lens and you get a 1:1 100mm macro lens. I once saw a comparison between this set up with a Pentax 50mm f/1.4 and the Pentax F (or maybe FA) 100mm f/2.8 macro and the images were practically indistinguishable.

Re: OT - Instagram Nickleback parody

2012-12-06 Thread Miserere
Saw this yesterday and LMAO. It should be mandatory watching before you're allowed to sign up for an Instagram account. Cheers, —M. \/\/o/\/\ -- http://WorldOfMiserere.com http://EnticingTheLight.com A Quest for Photographic Enlightenment On 6 December 2012 09:03, Bruce

Re: Vanity Fair discusses Pentax K-01

2012-12-06 Thread Miserere
I know, huh!? :-D —M. \/\/o/\/\ -- http://WorldOfMiserere.com http://EnticingTheLight.com A Quest for Photographic Enlightenment On 6 December 2012 11:36, Dario Bonazza dario.bona...@virgilio.it wrote: And then he bought a K1000... Har! Dario -Messaggio originale-

Re: OT - Instagram Nickleback parody

2012-12-06 Thread Walt
+1 On 12/6/2012 1:53 PM, Miserere wrote: Saw this yesterday and LMAO. It should be mandatory watching before you're allowed to sign up for an Instagram account. Cheers, —M. \/\/o/\/\ -- http://WorldOfMiserere.com http://EnticingTheLight.com A Quest for Photographic

Re: do these exist?

2012-12-06 Thread steve harley
on 2012-12-06 12:52 Miserere wrote There is (or was) a Vivitar macro 2x TC in both PK and PKA versions. You attach a 50mm lens and you get a 1:1 100mm macro lens. and if 2X doesn't float your boat, i understand you can remove the element to make it a simple helicoid, which would fit your

Re: OT: Stressed REALLY PISSED OFF!

2012-12-06 Thread P. J. Alling
Gas tank shots only slow them down, you so seldom get a satisfying explosion. On 12/6/2012 10:47 AM, Paul Sorenson wrote: A 9mm hole in his gas tank should solve the problem... ; } -p On 12/6/2012 12:54 AM, John Sessoms wrote: Some asshole was driving through my neighborhood setting fires

Re: Snapseed now available for Android and iOS version now FREE

2012-12-06 Thread Christine Aguila
I played around with the updated version. I think it's a-okay. I liked. I don't think you'll be too disappointed, Godfrey. Cheers, Christine On Dec 6, 2012, at 3:42 PM, Godfrey DiGiorgi gdigio...@gmail.com wrote: On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 9:18 AM, Darren Addy pixelsmi...@gmail.com wrote:

Re: OT: Stressed REALLY PISSED OFF!

2012-12-06 Thread Paul Sorenson
Unless some of that leaking gas runs into the fire they started... -p On 12/6/2012 3:57 PM, P. J. Alling wrote: Gas tank shots only slow them down, you so seldom get a satisfying explosion. On 12/6/2012 10:47 AM, Paul Sorenson wrote: A 9mm hole in his gas tank should solve the problem... ;

Re: OT: Stressed REALLY PISSED OFF!

2012-12-06 Thread Walt
Personally, I'd go with a .223 tracer round. -- Walt On 12/6/2012 4:03 PM, Paul Sorenson wrote: Unless some of that leaking gas runs into the fire they started... -p On 12/6/2012 3:57 PM, P. J. Alling wrote: Gas tank shots only slow them down, you so seldom get a satisfying explosion. On

Filters

2012-12-06 Thread Mark Summers
Hi, Someone over at APUG suggested I send out a message here. I have a couple of yellow Asahi Pentax filters to sell, also a few others: 100Ø Asahi Pentax 6x7 100Ø Y48(Y2) Unbranded polariser 67Ø Y2 Asahi Opt. Co. Hoya 85 85B G(XI) 80B 80C O(G) R(25A) The 6x7 100Ø looks

Re: do these exist?

2012-12-06 Thread P. J. Alling
If you mean genuine Pentax, you should check Boz's page, where you'd find that, no there were no A contact helicoids made by Asahi. Kenko and probably others, though they might have been just rebrands made a set of A extension rings but I don't think they ever made a Ka extension helicoid.

Re: Snapseed now available for Android and iOS version now FREE

2012-12-06 Thread Darren Addy
Blessed are the pessimistic for they shall never be disappointed. On Dec 6, 2012, at 3:42 PM, Godfrey DiGiorgi gdigio...@gmail.com wrote: I find it a little sad that that Google bought Snapseed. Some of these tools *should* be vended by independents, not platform owners ... witness the way

Re: Advice on Selection of Macro Lens

2012-12-06 Thread P. J. Alling
On 12/6/2012 2:37 AM, Bob W wrote: From: PDML [mailto:pdml-boun...@pdml.net] On Behalf Of John Sessoms on 2012-12-03 19:00 Bipin Gupta wrote And a WR lens is not at all necessary, for who would go flower or insect shooting in a drizzle?? some flowers are the merest things, missed by most

Re: do these exist?

2012-12-06 Thread John Celio
On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 1:57 PM, steve harley p...@paper-ape.com wrote: on 2012-12-06 12:52 Miserere wrote There is (or was) a Vivitar macro 2x TC in both PK and PKA versions. You attach a 50mm lens and you get a 1:1 100mm macro lens. and if 2X doesn't float your boat, i understand you can

Re: do these exist?

2012-12-06 Thread P. J. Alling
On 12/6/2012 5:24 PM, John Celio wrote: On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 1:57 PM, steve harley p...@paper-ape.com wrote: on 2012-12-06 12:52 Miserere wrote There is (or was) a Vivitar macro 2x TC in both PK and PKA versions. You attach a 50mm lens and you get a 1:1 100mm macro lens. and if 2X doesn't

Re: OT: Audio Stuff

2012-12-06 Thread Charles Robinson
On Dec 4, 2012, at 24:17 , David Mann dmann...@gmail.com wrote: On Dec 4, 2012, at 5:53 PM, J.C. O'Connell hifis...@gate.net wrote: well, here in the USA, full size TOSLINK is the defacto standard for digital audio optical connections, not mini. mini is rare. It's not what I'd call

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Darren Addy
Friends don't let friends drink and post to PDML. : ) On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 4:57 PM, Tom Cakalic caka...@gmail.com wrote: THROW BRAND NAME OUT THE WINDOW! Stop thinking (like me) that because you've been mostly or 100% Pentax, that you're confined to a brand. That's not true! Why do you

Re: do these exist?

2012-12-06 Thread steve harley
on 2012-12-06 15:24 John Celio wrote On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 1:57 PM, steve harley p...@paper-ape.com wrote: on 2012-12-06 12:52 Miserere wrote There is (or was) a Vivitar macro 2x TC in both PK and PKA versions. You attach a 50mm lens and you get a 1:1 100mm macro lens. and if 2X doesn't

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Walt
For me, it was value at the outset. My K-x offered more of what I wanted at a better price than any of the competing models. And, since then, I've grown to love using old manual lenses. Pentax makes sense for me. If it were about the name for me, I'd have saved up a little longer and gotten

Re: Snapseed now available for Android and iOS version now FREE

2012-12-06 Thread Godfrey DiGiorgi
On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 2:20 PM, Darren Addy pixelsmi...@gmail.com wrote: Blessed are the pessimistic for they shall never be disappointed. LOL! I have little love for Google, that's all. The Googleplex or whatever they call their photo sharing abomination is a complete waste for me. Tried the

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Steve Sharpe
At 5:06 PM -0600 12/6/12, Darren Addy wrote: Friends don't let friends drink and post to PDML. Mark! : ) On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 4:57 PM, Tom Cakalic caka...@gmail.com wrote: THROW BRAND NAME OUT THE WINDOW! Stop thinking (like me) that because you've been mostly or 100% Pentax, that

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Godfrey DiGiorgi
On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 2:57 PM, Tom Cakalic caka...@gmail.com wrote: THROW BRAND NAME OUT THE WINDOW! ... Why do you like photography? Is it because you like to see things? Is it because you like to share things? ... Photography is not about brand name. ... Never has been, for me. I care

RE: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread John Coyle
I understand where you're coming from Tom, but I don't necessarily agree with much of it. I don't see my Pentax kit as an investment of any sort. Most of it has been collected second-hand, and got because it suited what I saw as my needs at the time. For example, the first 'extra' I ever

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Larry Colen
On Dec 6, 2012, at 3:06 PM, Darren Addy wrote: Friends don't let friends drink and post to PDML. But, I find that drinking certainly helps when it comes time to read the PDML. -- Larry Colen l...@red4est.com sent from i4est -- PDML Pentax-Discuss Mail List PDML@pdml.net

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread John Francis
On Fri, Dec 07, 2012 at 09:36:11AM +1000, John Coyle wrote: If I wasn't getting the results I want from my Pentax kit, whether film or digital, I'd probably be looking at changing brands, but, this is not the case. The changeover cost of moving to another brand is just too high, and I

RE: Advice on Selection of Macro Lens

2012-12-06 Thread Bob W
From: PDML [mailto:pdml-boun...@pdml.net] On Behalf Of P. J. Alling On 12/6/2012 2:37 AM, Bob W wrote: From: PDML [mailto:pdml-boun...@pdml.net] On Behalf Of John Sessoms on 2012-12-03 19:00 Bipin Gupta wrote And a WR lens is not at all necessary, for who would go flower or insect

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Larry Colen
On Dec 6, 2012, at 2:57 PM, Tom Cakalic wrote: THROW BRAND NAME OUT THE WINDOW! Stop thinking (like me) that because you've been mostly or 100% Pentax, that you're confined to a brand. That's not true! When I got my K100, I had been shooting almost entirely Minolta for nearly 35 years. I

Re: PESO - Freeway!

2012-12-06 Thread Eactivist
Thanks Bruce, Paul, and Dan for the comments. Marnie :-) --- In a message dated 12/5/2012 5:15:32 P.M. Pacific Standard Time, bruce.wal...@gmail.com writes: A fine composition, Marnie. I like those curves. I'd rather see you go bigger. That image is small for my

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Eactivist
MARK! In a message dated 12/6/2012 3:50:18 P.M. Pacific Standard Time, l...@red4est.com writes: But, I find that drinking certainly helps when it comes time to read the PDML. -- PDML Pentax-Discuss Mail List PDML@pdml.net http://pdml.net/mailman/listinfo/pdml_pdml.net to UNSUBSCRIBE from

PESO - St. Vitus Cathedral

2012-12-06 Thread Rick Womer
A slice of life shot inside this vast and bustling place: http://photo.net/photodb/photo?photo_id=16651642size=lg Comments appreciated! Rick -- PDML Pentax-Discuss Mail List PDML@pdml.net http://pdml.net/mailman/listinfo/pdml_pdml.net to UNSUBSCRIBE from the PDML, please visit the link

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Eactivist
Of course not. Equipment is just what makes taking pictures possible. That's all. If someday they make a super-duper cell phone camera I imagine I will use that. Pentax wasn't making lenses (zooms) that I wanted so I switched to Canon. Pentax is making more lenses now, but years and

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Larry Colen
On Dec 6, 2012, at 5:16 PM, eactiv...@aol.com wrote: Equipment is always to be a trade off... unless one is stinking rich. I'm about half of that. -- Larry Colen l...@red4est.com sent from i4est -- PDML Pentax-Discuss Mail List PDML@pdml.net

PESO - Post

2012-12-06 Thread Eactivist
Revisited Port Costa, CA, last year. Probably won't show any more pics of it, because they are not that different from before. However, I finally got one of a post that I like, when I hadn't liked the previous shots from years earlier.

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Bruce Walker
Speaking as one with a small, finite photography budget: MY current BRAND must be PENTAX because I'm fiscally invested in it and it makes the most economic sense to continue to buy additional gear for Pentax. I might have started out with a Nikon body in which case I'd be fiscally invested in that

Re: PESO - Post

2012-12-06 Thread Bruce Walker
Well seen, Marnie. I like the echoed pattern--cool. On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 8:30 PM, eactiv...@aol.com wrote: Revisited Port Costa, CA, last year. Probably won't show any more pics of it, because they are not that different from before. However, I finally got one of a post that I like, when

Re: PESO - St. Vitus Cathedral

2012-12-06 Thread Bruce Walker
I suspect there may be the merest hint of curvature in this image. :-) I like it a lot, Rick. I like the sweep of it and motion blur here and there. Nice job! On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 8:04 PM, Rick Womer rwomer1...@yahoo.com wrote: A slice of life shot inside this vast and bustling place:

RE: PESO - St. Vitus Cathedral

2012-12-06 Thread Gerrit Visser
A feeling of static motion comes across. -Original Message- From: PDML [mailto:pdml-boun...@pdml.net] On Behalf Of Rick Womer Sent: December 6, 2012 8:05 PM To: Pentax List Subject: PESO - St. Vitus Cathedral A slice of life shot inside this vast and bustling place:

Re: PESO - St. Vitus Cathedral

2012-12-06 Thread steve harley
on 2012-12-06 18:04 Rick Womer wrote A slice of life shot inside this vast and bustling place: http://photo.net/photodb/photo?photo_id=16651642size=lg the hustle and bustle and scale come across well; it feels a little unbalanced to me — the off-color pillar swoops in on the left and keeps

Re: PESO - Post

2012-12-06 Thread Larry Colen
On Dec 6, 2012, at 5:30 PM, eactiv...@aol.com wrote: Revisited Port Costa, CA, last year. Probably won't show any more pics of it, because they are not that different from before. However, I finally got one of a post that I like, when I hadn't liked the previous shots from years

Re: PESO - St. Vitus Cathedral

2012-12-06 Thread steve harley
on 2012-12-06 19:47 steve harley wrote it feels a little unbalanced to me — aaah, photo.net ran the right side of the image out of view in my browser (though there was plenty of room — the whole presentation of large photos on photo.net is lopsided) now that i scroll over, it looks more

Re: PESO - St. Vitus Cathedral

2012-12-06 Thread Eactivist
I like it, but find the post's curvature on the left a bit too distracting. In photo.net the picture runs off the page, doesn't it? HTH, Marnie aka Doe :-) --- In a message dated 12/6/2012 5:04:51 P.M. Pacific Standard Time, rwomer1...@yahoo.com writes:

PESO - The Last Warrior

2012-12-06 Thread knarftheria...@gmail.com
Damn! I went to submit this for December pug but was too late. That's what I get for procrastinating. So now it's a peso. New Toronto has a small Legion. There are only a handful of WWII vets left, and Tom is the last who is able to attend Remembrance Day services. He joined the Royal

RE: PESO - The Last Warrior

2012-12-06 Thread Gerrit Visser
You can see the strength determination in his face but there is also a sadness there. Good work. I had the privilege of meeting and talking with survivors of HMCS Athabaskan, sunk in 1945 off France. My father was building an 8' model of her for the War Museum in Ottawa. Their memory of details

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Bob Sullivan
Tom, Your right, it's not about brand names. It's about images. But don't overlook EASY in all this discussion. I have/own these Pentax lenses. I know how these Pentax cameras work. I know how to get the images I want with my equipment. Changing to another brand means re-learning all this stuff.

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Larry Colen
On Dec 6, 2012, at 2:57 PM, Tom Cakalic wrote: I write this because I believe, really believe, that Pentax is a dead brand. So, what prompted this rant about Pentax? I seriously doubt that the cat peed in your Wheaties this morning. -- Larry Colen l...@red4est.com sent from i4est --

Re: PESO - The Last Warrior

2012-12-06 Thread Eactivist
Nice portrait. Good colors. Marnie :-) --- In a message dated 12/6/2012 7:41:50 P.M. Pacific Standard Time, knarftheria...@gmail.com writes: Damn! I went to submit this for December pug but was too late. That's what I get for procrastinating. So now it's a peso. New Toronto

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Jack Davis
Of course it's not about the brand. I'm grateful to the brand for what the equipment has allowed me to produce. I'd feel the same way, of course, about any brand I might have chosen. Once an inventory of a brand's lenses is assembled, it will obviously influence your camera choice for a some

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Stan Halpin
Ditto. stan On Dec 6, 2012, at 11:01 PM, Bob Sullivan wrote: Tom, Your right, it's not about brand names. It's about images. But don't overlook EASY in all this discussion. I have/own these Pentax lenses. I know how these Pentax cameras work. I know how to get the images I want with my

Re: PESO - The Last Warrior

2012-12-06 Thread Daniel J. Matyola
Strong portrait, Frank. Dan Matyola http://www.pentaxphotogallery.com/danieljmatyola On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 10:41 PM, knarftheria...@gmail.com knarftheria...@gmail.com wrote: Damn! I went to submit this for December pug but was too late. That's what I get for procrastinating. So now it's a

Re: PESO - St. Vitus Cathedral

2012-12-06 Thread Daniel J. Matyola
You really captured it! Dan Matyola http://www.pentaxphotogallery.com/danieljmatyola On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 8:04 PM, Rick Womer rwomer1...@yahoo.com wrote: A slice of life shot inside this vast and bustling place: http://photo.net/photodb/photo?photo_id=16651642size=lg Comments appreciated!

Re: PESO - The Last Warrior

2012-12-06 Thread kwaller
I sure hope you thanked him for his, dedication, service sacrifice. Kenneth Waller http://www.pentaxphotogallery.com/kennethwaller - Original Message - From: knarftheria...@gmail.com To: PDML@pdml.net Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2012 10:41 PM Subject: PESO - The Last Warrior Damn!

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread kwaller
Agreed Bob, and I just don't believe my photography would be markedly better with brand N, C or fill in the blank. Kenneth Waller http://www.pentaxphotogallery.com/kennethwaller - Original Message - From: Bob Sullivan rf.sulli...@gmail.com Subject: Re: Cameras and Photography Tom,

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Boris Liberman
Tom, I rather submit to the court that Pentax brand is not dead. In fact, I can hardly point out a brand that is truly dead. Well, I mean among those who were established in the last 30-40 years. Even venerable Contax (with their revolutionary auto-focus rangefinder) is still somewhat alive,

OT: Arsonists struck again.

2012-12-06 Thread John Sessoms
Heard another heavy truck about 15 minutes ago, and this time went outside as soon as I heard it. The arsonists had set another pile of leaves on fire. I don't know who saw it or who called the Fire Department, but they got another call while they were putting out the fire near my house.

FS Friday: K20D bodies, several lenses

2012-12-06 Thread Stan Halpin
Have moved to the K-5 generation of cameras and am in the midst of a re-evaluation of what lenses I need to hold on to. See below for details. Not listed either because I have not totally decided whether to sell or keep are an Olympus E-PL2 with its associated EVF and 14-42mm lens (plus various

Re: Cameras and Photography

2012-12-06 Thread Brian Walters
Quoting Bob Sullivan rf.sulli...@gmail.com: Tom, Your right, it's not about brand names. It's about images. But don't overlook EASY in all this discussion. I have/own these Pentax lenses. I know how these Pentax cameras work. I know how to get the images I want with my equipment. Changing to