Ryan, I know what you’re saying about the list of bytes but I’d like it confirmed that the indexes are not stored in a format similar to the data.
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Do you not think the cost of unpacking the bytes would be insignificant? Another possibility that should be considered is that if the database is reduced considerably it might fit in memory or, at the vey least, memory caches will be able to hold a lot more records. Tom From: R Smith<mailto:rsm...@rsweb.co.za> Sent: 10 August 2017 16:24 To: sqlite-users@mailinglists.sqlite.org<mailto:sqlite-users@mailinglists.sqlite.org> Subject: Re: [sqlite] Packing integer primary key with field bits On 2017/08/10 4:51 PM, x wrote: > Valid point on the intended range Gunter. I don’t know enough about sqlite to > fully understand your index cell paragraph. I thought the way sqlite worked > was e.g. to get the value of the 3rd column it had to read the lengths of > col1 & col2 so it knows where col 3 value starts (I’ve seen a comment that > the most retrieved cols should be at the start of the record) This is true, but the cost of "reading" the bytes to get to the values are no worse than what your cost would be for reading the Int64 and unpacking the bytes from there... SQLite internally does the same thing only without using an Int64, it just uses an array of bytes, but gleans the values equally efficiently. If it was better to use Int64 values in stead of a byte-array, SQLite would already be using it. By the way, Int64 is just another way of saying "list of 8 bytes", which is just another way of saying "list of 64 bits", there is nothing magically more efficient about 64bit INT than a list of 8 bytes. Memory is memory. Your idea might offer savings in that you predetermine the length of stored values and ensure they fit into that list of 8 bytes, whereas SQLite stores also a Length, but has the vastly superior property of being able to store any size of any type of variable. Again, the speed gain is dubious for the price it comes at. To make matters worse, the real bottleneck is usually the storage layer, and to read even 1 byte from a row, or Index, usually requires reading an entire File-System Page (Typically ~4 Thousand bytes) but some successive reads are usually gotten from the same page to make matters more efficient. The point being, the reading of that File system page is several magnitudes more time-intensive than unpacking the bytes. You will not save anything much speed-wise, and very little space-wise, and then only for smaller row-lengths. By the way, the same goes for reading your own array of bytes from the storage medium - the hope is of course that some good caching at both the storage layer and your application layer would smooth out read/write waits. > and that indexes are stored the same way. This is not quite true. The Index is (usually) a B-Tree structure with consistent size value indices. An Index is built for speed, not storage efficiency. Adding an Index effectively copies the entire column(s) the Index refers to into slightly less efficient (but more accessible) storage - It's much worse space-wise than simply using separate fields and no Index. [Note: I am not 100% sure about the BTree storage format in SQLite's case, I refer here to other DB Engines, but I would be surprised if an SQLite BTree Index is stored exactly the same as the table Row format.] _______________________________________________ sqlite-users mailing list sqlite-users@mailinglists.sqlite.org http://mailinglists.sqlite.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/sqlite-users _______________________________________________ sqlite-users mailing list sqlite-users@mailinglists.sqlite.org http://mailinglists.sqlite.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/sqlite-users
