*"Great but why doesn't the heat produced by the reaction itself form more plasma? You are treating one "heat" different from the other, unless there is some geometry involved?"*
* * *Geometry is involved.* * * *I have always assumed that there is a space between the powder and the heater where there is only hydrogen. If there was no such insolation, the high heat of the internal heater would melt the powder.* * * *With this geometry, when the powder gets too hot, it makes its own exotic hydrogen species and a runaway reaction begins. * * * *The powder must be kept in an operational temperature range (goldilocks range) to function. To cold and the powder will be destroyed or to hot and the powder will burn up.* * * * * 2011/11/9 Jeff Sutton <[email protected]> > You make some good points and we know that there are neat and as yet > unknown processes at play. > wrt > "*In detail, the area around and very close to the internal heater > produces hydrogen plasma." * > Great but why doesn't the heat produced by the reaction itself form more > plasma? You are treating one "heat" different from the other, unless there > is some geometry involved? > > 2011/11/9 Axil Axil <[email protected]> > >> *The Rossi reactor has evolved over time and these changes inform how >> Rossi controls his reactor.* >> >> * * >> >> *Initially, Rossi had an internal heater whose function it was to >> produce exotic forms of hydrogen.* >> >> * * >> >> *It is these little known hydrogen assemblages that make the Rossi >> reactor work.* >> >> * * >> >> *In detail, the area around and very close to the internal heater >> produces hydrogen plasma.* >> >> * * >> >> *With the help of carbon doped with one of the alkaline elements (let us >> say potassium) also heated by the internal heater, a material call Rydberg >> matter is formed. This strange stuff is composed of potassium atoms (picked >> for the sake of explanation) and is formed when these excited alkaline >> atoms enter the colder regions of the hydrogen envelop just outside of the >> plasma region generated by the internal heater. This output from this >> "secret catalyst" quantum mechanically catalyzes another type of Rydberg >> matter made from hydrogen atoms through a quantum mechanical blockade >> process.* >> >> *Another type of hydrogen is also produced called a heavy Rydberg >> system. This consists of weakly bound positive and negative ions orbiting >> their common center of mass. Such systems share many properties with the >> conventional Rydberg atom and consequently are sometimes referred to as >> heavy Rydberg atoms. * >> >> * * >> >> *This stuff is what makes the Piantelli Reactor go.* >> >> * * >> >> *More specifically in the Piantelli system, a quasiparticle: a negative >> hydrogen ion acts as an electron in the nucleus of a nickel atom. * >> >> * * >> >> *In a nutshell according to the the Piantelli theory, the negative >> hydrogen ion enters the orbit of the nickel atom as an electron would and >> because it is so heavy being composed of two electrons and a proton. This >> heavy multi sub atomic particle "quasiparticle" will approach the nucleus >> of the nickel atom very closely in the same way that a negatively charged >> muon would in Muon-catalyzed fusion (ěCF). * >> >> * * >> >> *The cross section of fusion between the negative hydrogen ion and the >> nucleus of the nickel atom is large because the very heavy negative >> hydrogen ion orbits so closely to the nucleus of the nickel atom.* >> >> * * >> >> *In the Rossi system, the negative hydrogen ions do damage by producing >> heat and radiation from nuclear reactions with nickel just as they do in >> the Piantelli system.* >> >> * * >> >> *In the Rossi reactor, when the temperature of the nickel powder is >> below the Curie point, these negative ions damage the coating of the micro >> powder and produce intense gamma radiation. * >> >> * * >> >> *When the temperature of the nickel powder is above the Curie point, the >> Rydberg matter mechanism takes over and dominates the negative ion >> mechanism which is essentially depressed.* >> >> * * >> >> *Later, Rossi added an external heater into his reactor design to get >> the nickel powder above the Curie point of nickel before the negative ion >> reaction takes place to any substantial intensity. * >> >> * * >> >> *This improvement has eliminated gamma bursts and powder damage during >> startup.* >> >> * * >> >> *To sum up, there are many different reactions involved in the class of >> phenomena commonly called "cold fusion" and some of them do not involve >> fusion at all.* >> >> * * >> >> *Next in the Rossi reaction, there is a very good chance that both the >> non-inverted Rydberg matter abbreviated as H(1) and the inverted Rydberg >> matter abbreviated as H(-1) are both coherent assemblages of around 100 >> atoms more or less and that the entanglement an coherence of these >> assemblages are determinative in the way both the H(1) and the H(-1) >> species behaves in the Rossi process.* >> >> * * >> >> *H(-1) is the excited state of H(1) where protons and electrons change >> places when sufficient kinetic energy is added to the H(1) species to form >> H(-1).* >> >> * * >> >> *The structure of these assemblages is like a stack of pancakes of 20 or >> so of hexagonal flattened atomic structures where the quantum mechanical >> states of all electrons in H(1) and protons in H(-1) are identical, >> synchronized and entangled.* >> >> * * >> >> *In effect, the Rydberg matter of all 100 or so atoms behave as if the >> entire assemblage was a single large atom defined by a single QM wave form. >> * >> >> * * >> >> *In a separate class of reactions studied by Miley and Arata where a >> deuterium isotope of hydrogen is used, it may be that IRM designated as >> D(-1) will produce nuclear fusion reactions as seen in the experiments >> with "pynco" deuterium by Yoshiaki ARATA & Yue C. ZHANG. * >> >> * * >> >> *In these experiments, the grains of pynco-deuterium powder show >> complete melting in micrographs by the extreme heat of a nuclear reaction >> even though the powder is made of a mixture of palladium and zirconium >> oxide each with a very high melting point.* >> >> * * >> >> *Neutrons in the nucleus of the deuterium change the quantum mechanical >> nature of the IHR reaction. Fusion results and lends itself to a QM >> incompatibility between H and D reactions. * >> >> * * >> >> *Furthermore, this reaction uses palladium as a spill over catalyst to >> get deuterium into the lattice defects of the zirconium oxide powder or >> foil.* >> >> * * >> >> *On the other hand, the nickel powder that supports Rossi's reaction has >> a very low melting point which is lowered further by a covering on each >> grain of nano-dimensional fibers of polycrystalline nickel.* >> >> * * >> >> *On the Rossi micro powder, the rough coating of polycrystalline nickel >> is used as a catalyst to get atomic hydrogen into the lattice defects in >> and around the tubular fibers of the nano-coating.* >> >> * * >> >> *Such a coating of polycrystalline nickel increases hydrogen species >> abortion by at least 10 times.* >> >> * * >> >> * * >> >> *This covering is very fragile and highly prone to damage from nuclear >> reactions or ionizing radiation.* >> >> * * >> >> *This powder is purported to survive for months of continual use even >> though the nickel undergoes transmutation to copper in high percentages. >> This speaks against the source of heat being nuclear fission or fusion as >> we commonly understand these processes.* >> >> * * >> >> *I find this very hard to believe but if the Rossi reaction works then >> these coverings must remain undamaged.* >> >> * * >> >> *The fermionic condensate formed by fermionic particles: namely protons >> in the Rossi H(-1) must transfer heat from a quantum mechanical mechanism >> other than fission or fusion because of the low temperature and gentle >> nature of that powder source.* >> >> * * >> >> *The heat of the Rossi reaction must be from an as yet unknown quantum >> process(es) in the lattice defects where the H(-1) picks up energy and >> continually transfers it to the surrounding lattice when the proper lattice >> excitation temperature is reached.* >> >> * * >> >> *Some have speculated that it is Casmir forced based energy or zero >> point energy or in general Rossi may be tapping into the inherent quantum >> energy that permeates the vacuum of space.* >> >> * * >> >> *Copper transmutation in the micro-powder may be caused by proton >> tunneling expelled from the H(-1) as hydrogen is continually recycled and >> replenished into the defect structures in and around the nano-fibers.* >> >> * * >> >> *The quantum blockade of the fermionic condensate H(-1) in the defects >> has both a very long lifetime and a range that covers the entire micro >> particle. This process must reduce the gamma emissions of the copper >> formation process into the x-ray radiation range. It must also speed up or >> eliminate nuclear product decay processes form by proton absorption in a >> Relativistic Time Dilation process in the quantum blockade phenomena that >> speeds the stabilization of excited nuclear products.* >> >> * * >> >> *This effect has been seen in cavitation based nuclear waste treatments.* >> >> * * >> >> *As far as reactor controls concerned, when the internal heater is shut >> down, a fixed amount of H(-1) or H(1) is produced. In self-sustain mode, >> this material is consumed for up to 5 hours before the Rossi reaction >> starts to decline.* >> >> * * >> >> *I doubt that the Rossi reactor can be fired up again in a short >> timeframe without the production of gamma radiation and micro partial >> damage on the polycrystalline nickel coating that would result when the >> hydrogen reaction switches over from H(-1) to the negative ion mechanism. >> * >> >> * * >> >> * * >> >> *On another note, since the Rossi reaction happens only in the surface >> tubular coating of the micro particles, the special effects of Ni62 and >> Ni64 could be localized there,* >> >> * * >> >> *In a closing conjecture, the enrichment of Ni62 and Ni64 could be done >> only in this tubular coating of the nickel micro particles. The particle >> coating material may involve only about 2000 times less material than the >> total mass of the nickel micro particles. * >> >> * * >> >> *The inner bulk of these particles may be composed of base nickel where >> Ni58 is found at normal levels. When a magnetic field is used during nickel >> vapor disposition, not much energy is needed to enrich Ni62 and Ni64 during >> the tubule coating formation process.* >> >> >> On Wed, Nov 9, 2011 at 11:21 AM, Jeff Sutton >> <[email protected]>wrote: >> >>> Hello. I have been following Rossi and the posts since the beginning >>> and am very fascinated. >>> Rather than a fraud, I believe Rossi is on to something incrementally >>> better than those that came before. He has more success starting the >>> reaction, however I think he has little control over it once started >>> To that supposition, can others comment on how they believe control >>> exists? (For discussion purpose, please suspend any thoughts that it is a >>> scam.) >>> >>> >>> 1. Rossi, with all his comments, seems to suggest that it takes time >>> to heat up the ecat to get things started, however from the >>> demonstrations, >>> they do not seem to have started in any scheduled way. He does, however, >>> seem to get the ecat started within a few hours give or take so that is >>> fantastic. >>> 2. He has shown it in "self-sustaining" mode but always shuts it >>> down after a few hours with some excuse. Why does he do that when the >>> blockbuster note would be "the ecat just keeps on going." I suggest this >>> must mean that the ecat cannot just keep on running for 6 months has he >>> notes; at least in self-sustaining mode. and if not in self-sustain >>> mode, >>> then what does he do to "reset" the reactor? Use his heating element? >>> that makes no sense. Add Hydrogen? Again that makes no sense as he >>> could >>> put a regulator on this and do such automatically. What resets the >>> operation? >>> 3. He noted in the 2nd to last demo that he had a frequency >>> generator and it had been hidden all along, but in the last demo he notes >>> there isn't one. Does this suggest that he was trying something new to >>> help in start up or make it run longer? Or was this mis-direction? >>> Where >>> was this device or wires for it in previous tests? >>> 4. How does he control the reaction? His only control seems to be >>> the heating element and the flow of water over the reactor. But in all >>> experiments, until quenching, the water flow seemed to be constant. And >>> one generating "substantial" heat, clearly controlling the reaction with >>> a >>> heating element very unlikely. Is contol simply due to the pre-start >>> conditions (the amount of hydrogen, nickel, geometry) and it runs "out of >>> control" for a few hours? >>> >>> Any advice on how the control works would be most interesting. >>> >>> In any event, forget all the nonsense with his lousy engineering design >>> and terrible business skills; few are good at all things. If Rossi has >>> found a way to get the reaction going and produce significant excess >>> energy, he has changed the world and should be recognized for this. >>> >>> >> >
