Re: [biofuels-biz] Help!
Dear Mr Steven Helen Hobbs please see below: http://home.earthlink.net/~galiagante/house-biofuel.html III. 3. b. Step Two: Vegetable Oil and Sodium Methoxide Vegetable oil is primarily made of triglycerine with small amounts of assorted other compounds including trace elements, fatty acids and stray proteins that may have slipped through during the extraction process. Virgin vegetable oils can have carbon chains as short 18 points. Waste Oils (such as used cooking oils) can have carbon chains as long as 32 point after repeated heatings and coolings. By comparison, petro diesel has a carbon chain of between 11 and 13 points. The transesterification process breaks the triglycerine carbon chains into something that more closely resembles diesel. Breaking triglycerine means adding sodium hydroxide at a ratio of 3.5 grams per liter of pure triglycerine in the presence of a suitable solvent. As pure triglycerine is basically never found, remember that properly testing your oil feedstocks is very important (see Titration Testing, above). I am trying to get more information on our question rgds rpsharma From: Steven Helen Hobbs [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Subject: Re: [biofuels-biz] Help! Date: Mon, 02 Sep 2002 00:13:31 +1000 Dear Rajendra I found it interesting that you mention on esterification that the chain length is broken from C18 or more down to a chain length of C11 - C13. Can such a difference be due to the variety of oil that is selected? The reason I ask is that I have been making BD from cold pressed virgin Canola oil, and I had a GC fatty acid analysis performed on my BD and the results were; C16:0 -C18:0-C18:1-C18:2-C18:3-C20:0-C20:1-C22:0 3.9 - 4.83 - 80.54- 9.29- 0.00 -0.37 - 0.00 - 1.07 The GC fatty acid composition dosn't show chain lengths as short as what you mention, but 98.56% of chain lengths are C18:2 or shorter. I would appreciate your comments. Regards Steven Rajendra Sharma wrote: Kavitha obviously your professor is not fully informed. Virgin oil and for that matter the waste oil has long carbon chains- 18 or so but on esterification these chains are broken down to 11 - 13, very similar to that in diesel. Due to about 11% oxygenates avialble in biodiesel( which is defined as mono ethyl or methyl ester ). we are doing work on prodcution of biodiesel from non-food plant seeds, have tested it in engines and confirmed the emissoin advantages of biodiesel. now I am working on preparing a Indian standard for biodiesel. if you are near bombay you can talk to me for more details. I am in nasik at mahindra mahindra ltd cc:Samai Jaiin - can you send me tha national standard for biodiesel and also copy of your paper mentioned below rgds From: Samai Jaiin [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Subject: Re: [biofuels-biz] Help! Date: Sat, 31 Aug 2002 12:46:25 +0100 (BST) _ MSN Photos is the easiest way to share and print your photos: http://photos.msn.com/support/worldwide.aspx Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuels-biz] Indian and Asian BD activities
Thnaks for your comment on chian length. I had taken the comment from a report mentioned below: http://home.earthlink.net/~galiagante/house-biofuel.html which reportsas follows: III. 3. b. Step Two: Vegetable Oil and Sodium Methoxide Vegetable oil is primarily made of triglycerine with small amounts of assorted other compounds including trace elements, fatty acids and stray proteins that may have slipped through during the extraction process. Virgin vegetable oils can have carbon chains as short 18 points. Waste Oils (such as used cooking oils) can have carbon chains as long as 32 point after repeated heatings and coolings. By comparison, petro diesel has a carbon chain of between 11 and 13 points. The transesterification process breaks the triglycerine carbon chains into something that more closely resembles diesel. Breaking triglycerine means adding sodium hydroxide at a ratio of 3.5 grams per liter of pure triglycerine in the presence of a suitable solvent. As pure triglycerine is basically never found, remember that properly testing your oil feedstocks is very important (see Titration Testing, above). From: Camillo Holecek [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Subject: [biofuels-biz] Indian and Asian BD activities Date: Mon, 2 Sep 2002 17:38:14 +0200 Dear Mr. Rajendra Sharma and all: I am very glad and literally happy to learn on this list suddenly about so many ernest activities and BD interested parties in India! Great! Realy great! I happend to travel to Mumbai, Pune and Nasik in Jannuary 02 and had the opportunity to introduce the idea of Biodiesel to some private sector petro chemists. And now I can see all that happening by itself. Looks like the very working of Rtambara Pragya, the divine power of the seasons Anyway, what I wantes to contibute: The process of transesterification of a plant oil (used or fresh) does not involve any change in carbon chain lenght. Unfortunitly. We would be very happy to achive that; it would solve all our problems with the cloud point of BD in cold climates! I am aware that it is a common misconcept that the lower viscousidy of BD compared to plant oil could be from chain lenght managment. These are not common hydrocarbons! Actually the change is in molecular size and complexidy (from triglycerid to methyl ester), but NOT in the chain lenght of the fatty acid chains themselves. Nevertheless, we are very keen to see some Biodiesel produced in India as soon as possible! Good luck! Regards, Camillo Holecek CEO, Biodiesel Refinery Ltd., Austria -Ursprngliche Nachricht- Von: Steven Helen Hobbs [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Gesendet: Sonntag, 01. September 2002 16:14 An: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Betreff: Re: [biofuels-biz] Help! Dear Rajendra I found it interesting that you mention on esterification that the chain length is broken from C18 or more down to a chain length of C11 - C13. Can such a difference be due to the variety of oil that is selected? The reason I ask is that I have been making BD from cold pressed virgin Canola oil, and I had a GC fatty acid analysis performed on my BD and the results were; C16:0 -C18:0-C18:1-C18:2-C18:3-C20:0-C20:1-C22:0 3.9 - 4.83 - 80.54- 9.29- 0.00 -0.37 - 0.00 - 1.07 The GC fatty acid composition dosn't show chain lengths as short as what you mention, but 98.56% of chain lengths are C18:2 or shorter. I would appreciate your comments. Regards Steven Rajendra Sharma wrote: Kavitha obviously your professor is not fully informed. Virgin oil and for that matter the waste oil has long carbon chains- 18 or so but on esterification these chains are broken down to 11 - 13, very similar to that in diesel. Due to about 11% oxygenates avialble in biodiesel( which is defined as mono ethyl or methyl ester ). we are doing work on prodcution of biodiesel from non-food plant seeds, have tested it in engines and confirmed the emissoin advantages of biodiesel. now I am working on preparing a Indian standard for biodiesel. if you are near bombay you can talk to me for more details. I am in nasik at mahindra mahindra ltd cc:Samai Jaiin - can you send me tha national standard for biodiesel and also copy of your paper mentioned below rgds From: Samai Jaiin [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Subject: Re: [biofuels-biz] Help! Date: Sat, 31 Aug 2002 12:46:25 +0100 (BST) Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ _ Send and
Re: [biofuels-biz] some clarification?
Dear Mr. or Ms. Goat, The contents of the middle layer to which you refer are largely dependant upon the degree of reaction completion, the reaction type (acid/base or base) and the processing steps used (principally in an acid/base). The belief that this layer is primarily soap is largely in error, as soap is soluble in water. However soap does emulsify oily substances. The white layer you refer to is largely an emulsification. The extent of the emulsification is greatly dependent upon how well the initial reaction was conducted. Incomplete reactions when blended in 50/50 ratios with water in 55 gallon lots can result in literally as much as several feet in depth of emulsification. A complete reaction should yield no more than a fraction of an inch of an emulsion layer. The three layers yielded from a catalyst recovery attempt are from bottom to top: A) neutralized catalyst in precipitate form. B) crude glycerin (but not quite so crude as previously) consisting of glycerin, water, discolorants and perhaps excess acid. C) recovered free fatty acids (soaps that have been broken down by the acid to FFAs) with perhaps a fraction of soluble alkyl esters. The small alkyl ester fraction will be largely dependant upon your previous separation technique (how much biodiesel is imported into the FFA recovery process) and to what degree the FFA recovery process is acidified. As the ester fraction should be small to non-existant, it is almost of no consequence to know that alkyl esters in either an acid or base environement are continually reverting between FFA and ester throughout an equilibrium reaction. Chances are that a FFA recovery step will be acidified in slight excess and all or almost all esters that existed at the beginning of the process will be non-existant by its end, having reverted to FFAs. Todd Swearingen - Original Message - From: goat industries [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Sent: Monday, September 02, 2002 2:40 PM Subject: [biofuels-biz] some clarification? It's great to get some input from a knowledgable person such as Michael Allen - Michael, could you do us a favour and tell us: a) what is the major component of the 'creamy' middle layer in the post wash methyl ester/water mixture that is commonly called soap? b) what are the three layers that are formed when crude, black, glycerine is neutralised with acid? Your help would be greatly appreciated! Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM --- --~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Looking for a more powerful website? Try GeoCities for $8.95 per month. Register your domain name (http://your-name.com). More storage! No ads! http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info http://us.click.yahoo.com/aHOo4D/KJoEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuels-biz] some clarification?
Dear Paddy, It's great to get some input from a knowledgable person such as Michael Allen Thanks for the ego massage Paddy but it's even greater to have some input from someone with the knowledge AND EXPERIENCE that Todd has! I think that this demonstrates the real value of the biofuels-biz group. And thanks Todd . . . . . Now about these very hard whitish crystals I get at the bottom of the wash-tank sometimes . . . . they seem to scratch even glass . . . . . could they be . . . . :-) --- Appal Energy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear Mr. or Ms. Goat, The contents of the middle layer to which you refer are largely dependant upon the degree of reaction completion, the reaction type (acid/base or base) and the processing steps used (principally in an acid/base). The belief that this layer is primarily soap is largely in error, as soap is soluble in water. However soap does emulsify oily substances. The white layer you refer to is largely an emulsification. The extent of the emulsification is greatly dependent upon how well the initial reaction was conducted. Incomplete reactions when blended in 50/50 ratios with water in 55 gallon lots can result in literally as much as several feet in depth of emulsification. A complete reaction should yield no more than a fraction of an inch of an emulsion layer. The three layers yielded from a catalyst recovery attempt are from bottom to top: A) neutralized catalyst in precipitate form. B) crude glycerin (but not quite so crude as previously) consisting of glycerin, water, discolorants and perhaps excess acid. C) recovered free fatty acids (soaps that have been broken down by the acid to FFAs) with perhaps a fraction of soluble alkyl esters. The small alkyl ester fraction will be largely dependant upon your previous separation technique (how much biodiesel is imported into the FFA recovery process) and to what degree the FFA recovery process is acidified. As the ester fraction should be small to non-existant, it is almost of no consequence to know that alkyl esters in either an acid or base environement are continually reverting between FFA and ester throughout an equilibrium reaction. Chances are that a FFA recovery step will be acidified in slight excess and all or almost all esters that existed at the beginning of the process will be non-existant by its end, having reverted to FFAs. Todd Swearingen - Original Message - From: goat industries [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Sent: Monday, September 02, 2002 2:40 PM Subject: [biofuels-biz] some clarification? It's great to get some input from a knowledgable person such as Michael Allen - Michael, could you do us a favour and tell us: a) what is the major component of the 'creamy' middle layer in the post wash methyl ester/water mixture that is commonly called soap? b) what are the three layers that are formed when crude, black, glycerine is neutralised with acid? Your help would be greatly appreciated! Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM --- --~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Yahoo! Finance - Get real-time stock quotes http://finance.yahoo.com Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Looking for a more powerful website? Try GeoCities for $8.95 per month. Register your domain name (http://your-name.com). More storage! No ads! http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info http://us.click.yahoo.com/aHOo4D/KJoEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
AW: [biofuels-biz] Indian and Asian BD activities
Hi folks, Does anyone now the pattern of fatty acids of the poonga-oil-tree (or pongamia pinetta)? Could be an interesting feedstock in asia! Richard Gronald Marketing DonauWind GmbH Co KG Freudenauer Hafenstra§e 8-10 1020 Wien +43 664 52 68 102 www.donauwind.at www.energea.at -Ursprngliche Nachricht- Von: Rajendra Sharma [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Gesendet: Dienstag, 03. September 2002 07:38 An: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Betreff: Re: [biofuels-biz] Indian and Asian BD activities Thnaks for your comment on chian length. I had taken the comment from a report mentioned below: http://home.earthlink.net/~galiagante/house-biofuel.html which reportsas follows: III. 3. b. Step Two: Vegetable Oil and Sodium Methoxide Vegetable oil is primarily made of triglycerine with small amounts of assorted other compounds including trace elements, fatty acids and stray proteins that may have slipped through during the extraction process. Virgin vegetable oils can have carbon chains as short 18 points. Waste Oils (such as used cooking oils) can have carbon chains as long as 32 point after repeated heatings and coolings. By comparison, petro diesel has a carbon chain of between 11 and 13 points. The transesterification process breaks the triglycerine carbon chains into something that more closely resembles diesel. Breaking triglycerine means adding sodium hydroxide at a ratio of 3.5 grams per liter of pure triglycerine in the presence of a suitable solvent. As pure triglycerine is basically never found, remember that properly testing your oil feedstocks is very important (see Titration Testing, above). From: Camillo Holecek [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Subject: [biofuels-biz] Indian and Asian BD activities Date: Mon, 2 Sep 2002 17:38:14 +0200 Dear Mr. Rajendra Sharma and all: I am very glad and literally happy to learn on this list suddenly about so many ernest activities and BD interested parties in India! Great! Realy great! I happend to travel to Mumbai, Pune and Nasik in Jannuary 02 and had the opportunity to introduce the idea of Biodiesel to some private sector petro chemists. And now I can see all that happening by itself. Looks like the very working of Rtambara Pragya, the divine power of the seasons Anyway, what I wantes to contibute: The process of transesterification of a plant oil (used or fresh) does not involve any change in carbon chain lenght. Unfortunitly. We would be very happy to achive that; it would solve all our problems with the cloud point of BD in cold climates! I am aware that it is a common misconcept that the lower viscousidy of BD compared to plant oil could be from chain lenght managment. These are not common hydrocarbons! Actually the change is in molecular size and complexidy (from triglycerid to methyl ester), but NOT in the chain lenght of the fatty acid chains themselves. Nevertheless, we are very keen to see some Biodiesel produced in India as soon as possible! Good luck! Regards, Camillo Holecek CEO, Biodiesel Refinery Ltd., Austria -Ursprngliche Nachricht- Von: Steven Helen Hobbs [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Gesendet: Sonntag, 01. September 2002 16:14 An: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Betreff: Re: [biofuels-biz] Help! Dear Rajendra I found it interesting that you mention on esterification that the chain length is broken from C18 or more down to a chain length of C11 - C13. Can such a difference be due to the variety of oil that is selected? The reason I ask is that I have been making BD from cold pressed virgin Canola oil, and I had a GC fatty acid analysis performed on my BD and the results were; C16:0 -C18:0-C18:1-C18:2-C18:3-C20:0-C20:1-C22:0 3.9 - 4.83 - 80.54- 9.29- 0.00 -0.37 - 0.00 - 1.07 The GC fatty acid composition dosn't show chain lengths as short as what you mention, but 98.56% of chain lengths are C18:2 or shorter. I would appreciate your comments. Regards Steven Rajendra Sharma wrote: Kavitha obviously your professor is not fully informed. Virgin oil and for that matter the waste oil has long carbon chains- 18 or so but on esterification these chains are broken down to 11 - 13, very similar to that in diesel. Due to about 11% oxygenates avialble in biodiesel( which is defined as mono ethyl or methyl ester ). we are doing work on prodcution of biodiesel from non-food plant seeds, have tested it in engines and confirmed the emissoin advantages of biodiesel. now I am working on preparing a Indian standard for biodiesel. if you are near bombay you can talk to me for more details. I am in nasik at mahindra mahindra ltd cc:Samai Jaiin - can you send me tha national standard for biodiesel and also copy of your paper mentioned below rgds From: Samai Jaiin [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Subject: Re: [biofuels-biz] Help! Date: Sat, 31 Aug 2002 12:46:25 +0100
Re: AW: [biofuels-biz] Indian and Asian BD activities
Hi folks, Does anyone now the pattern of fatty acids of the poonga-oil-tree (or pongamia pinetta)? Could be an interesting feedstock in asia! Richard Gronald Marketing DonauWind GmbH Co KG Freudenauer Hafenstra§e 8-10 1020 Wien +43 664 52 68 102 www.donauwind.at www.energea.at Here you go, Richard http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Pongamia_pinnata.html Pongamia pinnata ... Reported to contain alkaloids demethoxy-kanugin, gamatay, glabrin, glabrosaponin, kaempferol, kanjone, kanugin, karangin, neoglabrin, pinnatin, pongamol, pongapin, quercitin, saponin, b-sitosterol, and tannin. Air-dry kernels have 19.0% moisture, 27.5% fatty oil, 17.4% protein, 6.6% starch, 7.3% crude fiber, and 2.4% ash. Fatty acid composition: palmitic, 3.7-7.9%, stearic 2.4-8.9, arachidic 2.2-4.7, behenic 4.2-5.3, lignoceric 1.1-3.5, oleic, 44.5-71.3, linoleic 10.8-18.3, and eicosenoic 9.5-12.4%. Destructive distillation of the wood yields, on a dry weight basis: charcoal 31.0%, pyroligneous acid 36.69, acid 4.3%, ester 3.4%, acetone 1.9%, methanol 1.1%, tar 9.0%, pitch and losses 4.4%, and gas 0.12 cu m/kg. Manurial values of leaves and twigs are respectively: nitrogen 1.16, 0.71; phosphorus (P2O5), 0.14, 0.11; potash (K2O), 0.49, 0.62; and lime (CaO), 1.54, 1.58%. Such manure reduces the incidence of Meloidogyne javanica. ... Wherever it is grown, the wood (calorific value 4,600 kcal/kg) is burned for cooking fuel (NAS, 1980a). The thick oil from the seeds is used for illumination, as a kerosene substitute, and lubrication. It would seem that with upgraded germplasm one could target for 2 MT oil and 5 MT firewood per hectare per year on a renewable basis. The oil has been tried as fuel in diesel engines, showing a good thermal efficiency (C.S.I.R., 1948-1976). Duke, Handbook of Energy Crops Keith Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuels-biz] some clarification
Todd, would you consider that this middle layer that you describe as an 'emulsification' may be an emulsification of palmitic/stearic methyl ester that has precipitated out of solution? ... Paddy Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuels-biz] Phillips 76 California Fuel: Non-MTBE means methanol Use or not?
Question for the two groups: Is Phillips using ANY ethanol or are they pulling some fast one here? The word ethanol is not used in the news release and it seems clear they are arguing *against* its mandated use. It also seems clear that they are saying their non-MTBE gas *may* (*or may not*) contain ethanol. My guess is they are using some but are still powerfully working against its mandated use. Here are some pictures I took: http://www.herecomesmongo.com/biofuel/biofuel.html Here is a story that gives an over-view: http://www.phillips66.com/newsroom/NewsReleases/rel399.html Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Looking for a more powerful website? Try GeoCities for $8.95 per month. Register your domain name (http://your-name.com). More storage! No ads! http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info http://us.click.yahoo.com/aHOo4D/KJoEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuels-biz] Re: [biofuel] Phillips 76 California Fuel: Non-MTBE means ethanol Use or not?
Oops I meant ethanol not methanol use in the subject heading. On Tue, 03 Sep 2002 07:56:43 -0700, you wrote: Question for the two groups: Is Phillips using ANY ethanol or are they pulling some fast one here? The word ethanol is not used in the news release and it seems clear they are arguing *against* its mandated use. It also seems clear that they are saying their non-MTBE gas *may* (*or may not*) contain ethanol. My guess is they are using some but are still powerfully working against its mandated use. Here are some pictures I took: http://www.herecomesmongo.com/biofuel/biofuel.html Here is a story that gives an over-view: http://www.phillips66.com/newsroom/NewsReleases/rel399.html Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuels-biz] compost plant fight
http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=storyu=/trib/20020901/lo_sun/fort_lauderdale__epa_clash_overabandoned_compost_plant Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuels-biz] some clarification
No. I would describe the emulsification at the interface layer as an emulsification that has more to do with the molecular polarity between phases than any particular constituent ester. The exact same emulsification occurs whether or not palmitic or stearic acids are present in the parent stock. Todd Swearingen - Original Message - From: goat industries [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuels-biz@yahoogroups.com Sent: Tuesday, September 03, 2002 10:35 AM Subject: [biofuels-biz] some clarification Todd, would you consider that this middle layer that you describe as an 'emulsification' may be an emulsification of palmitic/stearic methyl ester that has precipitated out of solution? ... Paddy Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM --- --~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuels-biz] AFDC Monthly Updates
For correspondence, your ID number is: 108386 To register for the monthly update, click on the following link: http://www.afdc.doe.gov/cgi-bin/mw/monthly_update.cgi?108386 Hello! As someone who has expressed interest in alternative fuels in the past, you are invited to be an ongoing subscriber to What's New at the AFDC. It's a free newsletter produced and distributed via e-mail by the Clean Cities Program of the U.S. Department of Energy. Every month, it lists all kinds of communications added to the Alternative Fuels Data Center (AFDC), as well as external Web postings newly linked to the AFDC database. The latest edition can be found at www.ccities.doe.gov/pdfs/ccnews_july2002.pdf. What's New will fill you in on fact sheets, newsletters, and reports added to the AFDC. You'll be notified of meeting presentations recently posted online, and links to new and revised Web sites. What's New tells you not just what's been added, but how to get a hold of it. For hard copy publications, it's usually as simple as hitting the 'Reply' button, or calling the Clean Cities Hotline at 1-800-CCITIES. For Web postings, we'll steer you to the appropriate site. What's New helps you keep up with developments in the world of alternative fuels. We at the AFDC share the basic mission of the Clean Cities Program--promoting ethanol, methanol, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, biodiesel, electricity, and hydrogen, as well as the cars and trucks that use them. To become a regular subscriber to What's New at the AFDC, please click on the link above. If you like, you can also take a few minutes to update your personal information record, to help us keep in touch with you more effectively. To decline this offer, you need not do anything. Without your response, we won't bug you. If you know anyone else who wants to subscribe, please have them call the Hotline (1-800-CCITIES) Monday through Friday from 9 am to 6 pm eastern time. Thanks, Wendy Dafoe Alternative Fuels Data Center Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Re: Veg oils as chainsaw bar oil
The additive package is what provides the necessary characteristics the natural oil does not possess. In the case of the additives we have available, even the additive package comes form natural sources. I have not heard of any problems, or a need for degumming cold pressed oil. Winter and summer also require different amounts and additive blends for optimal performance. A good article on the subject is at: http://194.200.85.10/forestry/greenman.htm on 9/2/02 7:52 PM, Hakan Falk at [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: Making it ourselves Was: Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Membranes
That's not really what I meant. I meant that if you can manufacture a product and all its components in-house you are much more likely to have a lower price than competitors that out-source their components. In-house doesn't mean within the borders of this country or that country, in simply means at the same factory. --- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], Curtis Sakima [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Too bad electronics weren't that way. I'd like to see someday pulling out manufacturing from overseas .. and making more electronics in-house in this country again . Well, I can dream right Curtis --- womplex_oo1 [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I repeat, the more components you have to buy from somewhere else, the more expensive the end product. To get the cost down, we literally have to be able to do *everything* ourselves in one fully integrated optimized operation. = Get your free newsletter at http://www.ezinfocenter.com/3122155/NL __ Do You Yahoo!? Yahoo! Finance - Get real-time stock quotes http://finance.yahoo.com Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Canada to ratify Kyoto before year end
The goal was to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 6 percent from 1990 levels by 2008-2010. Bioethanol is a zero net producer of greenhouse gases such that converting automotive fuels to E10 (10% ethanol, 90% gasoline) would achieve the goals of Kyoto. And according to the FAQ section of the Iogen website, Canada could replace 10% of gasoline production by using 1/3rd of its supply of wheat straw from the provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. Straw does get used as livestock feed, but Canada has several other provinces that produce straw as well, and Iogen Corporation's cellulose conversion technology diversifies potential sources to any type of plant, so I don't think we will have much trouble meeting the Kyoto requirements. After all, cellulose is the most abundant substance produced by living things with up to 98 percent of most plants made of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. http://sympatico.globeandmail.com/servlet/ArticleNews/front/RTGAM/2002 0902/wchre09022/Front/frontBN/sympatico-front
Re: [biofuel] Canada to ratify Kyoto before year end
Great, The reality is also that Canada is the largest per capita energy user in the world. This means, that it does not take much energy saving to achieve the Kyoto requirements either. If we should belive the experts, we will start to get energy crunches around 2008-2010. This will automatically result in compliance with Kyoto, without anyone doing anything. But it is very important that Canada ratifies Kyoto. Hakan At 06:16 AM 9/3/2002 +, you wrote: The goal was to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 6 percent from 1990 levels by 2008-2010. Bioethanol is a zero net producer of greenhouse gases such that converting automotive fuels to E10 (10% ethanol, 90% gasoline) would achieve the goals of Kyoto. And according to the FAQ section of the Iogen website, Canada could replace 10% of gasoline production by using 1/3rd of its supply of wheat straw from the provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. Straw does get used as livestock feed, but Canada has several other provinces that produce straw as well, and Iogen Corporation's cellulose conversion technology diversifies potential sources to any type of plant, so I don't think we will have much trouble meeting the Kyoto requirements. After all, cellulose is the most abundant substance produced by living things with up to 98 percent of most plants made of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. http://sympatico.globeandmail.com/servlet/ArticleNews/front/RTGAM/2002 0902/wchre09022/Front/frontBN/sympatico-front From the website http://www.iogen.ca we have some idea of the basic process: - Steam explosion pre-treatment makes cellulose vulnerable to hydrolysis. - Either sulfuric acid hydrolysis or enzymatic hydrolysis can be used to convert pre-treated cellulose to fermentable sugars. Iogen uses its own enzymes produced in-house. - The sugar is fermented into ethanol using yeast producing an ethanol-water mixture. - The ethanol-water mixture is distilled in a fractionating column to produce up to 96% pure ethanol. This would make an excellent automotive fuel, but the liquor laws require it to be denatured, or rendered unfit for human consumption, by mixing with gasoline. All water must be removed before ethanol can be mixed with gasoline. - Vapor phase molecular sieve system is then used to produce anhydrous ethanol up to 99.9% pure. - Anhydrous ethanol can be mixed up with gasoline up to 10% without any modification to the engine or carburator, and this is warrentied by all automakers. Coincidentally if this were done on a national scale it would surpass the goals of the Kyoto Protocol to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 6 percent, simply because bioethanol is a zero net producer of CO2. - Waste lignin is produced from hydrolysis, which can be burned as boiler fuel to generate electricity, or to produce heat to aid the distillation process. Alternatively it can undergo gasification, and anaerobic bacteria Clostridium ljungdahlii are used to convert the CO, CO2, and H2 into ethanol in a bioreactor. Other products derived from lignin include livestock feed, soil fertilizer, conductive inks, conductive polymers, biodegradable plastics, high-temperature conductive adhesives, pH moisture sensors, anti-static coatings for clean-room garments and packaging applications, anti-corrosion coatings, non-linear optical coatings, smart windows, radar-invisible stealth coatings, light-emitting diodes, transistors, electronics, the list goes on... - Waste glycerin from the fermentation process can be used as compost fertilizer, livestock feed, boiler fuel, cosmetics, medicinal products, dental products, soap, dynamite, food beverages, polyether polyols for tobacco industry, alkyd resins, suppository, humectant and emollient, moisturizers, hair care products, toothpaste, sports beverages use glycerol to prevent dehydration, lubricants, epoxy resins, paper, drying foliage with glycerin, fabric softeners, cellophane packaging material, phenol resin cementing compound, nonionic surfactant extracted from glycerin, triglyceride that substitutes for fat in food products, the list goes on... Iogen has no plans to expand its operation as it currently produces enough ethanol to meet demand. Implementation of Kyoto in Canada could lead to nationwide use of E10 fuel and therefore an enormous increase in demand. Ramping production from cereal straw might compete with its use as livestock feed, especially in the western provinces which are currently experiencing a drought. My idea: Approximately 70% of the surface of the Earth is covered by ocean. Mesh screens suspended 15-40 meters below the surface of the water by floats would provide an anchor for artificial Kelp Forests over a far larger area than just coastal regions. Macrocystis Kelp can grow 30 cm per day, which can provide a huge feedstock for cellulose-based bioethanol production without using any traditional farmland. Kelp forests grow especially well in cold Canadian waters, and any excess
RE: Veg oils as chainsaw bar oil was Re: [biofuel] Thanks Kieth
I thought all food grade svo had been degummed. Could you give more info about any gums left and how to remove them etc. Norris -Original Message- From: Appal Energy [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 03 September 2002 02:13 To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Subject: Veg oils as chainsaw bar oil was Re: [biofuel] Thanks Kieth You'll want to make sure that the oil has been degummed (lecithin gums removed). That's a tuff one to insure even with SVO. Even most of the distributors of fryer oils to restaurants are clueless as to whether or not the oil is degummed. The stuff is murder on deep fat fryers. Lecithin, while in light doses can behave as a mold release or lubricant, tends to congeal at moderate to high temperatures and build up over time. Most people have seen the end result of lecithin exposed to higher temps on their kitchen bakeware. The same would occur on a chainsaw bar in the areas most prone to heat buildup. Doesn't mean the oil can't be used, just that the bar will have to be monitored tacky gum residue and possibly cleaned with greater frequency. Todd Swearingen - Original Message - From: T. Gray Shaw [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Monday, September 02, 2002 1:13 PM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Thanks Kieth Thanks for the tip about using veggie oil as bar oil, Hakan. I'm gonna try that. I bet you could use coarsely filtered WVO. Fungi Perfecti (http://www.fungi.com/) in Olympia, WA sells spore-inoculated bar oil, one for softwoods and one for hardwoods. Saves a step when you're gonna grow culinary shrooms on logs. - Gray Apart from running 2-stroke engines on mix of ethanol/veg oil, the chain saw is a different thing. For some decades now, I use veg oil for lubricating the saw blade. In Sweden, it is now a standard to do that and almost all do it. When you buy a chain saw they recommend it now. From a pollution point this is very important, since the blade lubrication goes directly to the surrounding earth. Hakan Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ADVERTISEMENT Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service. Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Looking for a more powerful website? Try GeoCities for $8.95 per month. Register your domain name (http://your-name.com). More storage! No ads! http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info http://us.click.yahoo.com/aHOo4D/KJoEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Re: Making it ourselves Was: Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Membranes
At 05:59 AM 9/3/2002 +, you wrote: That's not really what I meant. I meant that if you can manufacture a product and all its components in-house you are much more likely to have a lower price than competitors that out-source their components. In-house doesn't mean within the borders of this country or that country, in simply means at the same factory. From a purely business standpoint this is not always the case. Often the cost of the equipment and manpower required to produce certain parts could be more cheaply produced if the equipment were being used on a full time basis, this may exceed the amounts you need. A similar thing I have run across recently,... A large farm was cut into 10 acre farmettes. It doesn't make financial sense to purchase hay making equipment to hay just 10 acres. The large farmer next door sells these farmers the hay that they need for the winter. Caroline [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Looking for a more powerful website? Try GeoCities for $8.95 per month. Register your domain name (http://your-name.com). More storage! No ads! http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info http://us.click.yahoo.com/aHOo4D/KJoEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: Veg oils as chainsaw bar oil was Re: [biofuel] Thanks Kieth
Lecithin is usually removed via centrifuge. It has been our experience working with local restaurants and restaurant supply companies that the sales reps do not know which products in their line of oils and hydrogenated shortenings are the degummed versions and which are not. In virtually every instance they had to consult their suppliers to verify. In several instances their creamy fry oil was a non-degummed variety. Our interest came primarily from RD of an all vegetable candle that we formulated. Problems with wicks carmeling gave cause to explore the matter. Todd Swearingen - Original Message - From: norris hobson (SRI) [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Tuesday, September 03, 2002 6:56 AM Subject: RE: Veg oils as chainsaw bar oil was Re: [biofuel] Thanks Kieth I thought all food grade svo had been degummed. Could you give more info about any gums left and how to remove them etc. Norris -Original Message- From: Appal Energy [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 03 September 2002 02:13 To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Subject: Veg oils as chainsaw bar oil was Re: [biofuel] Thanks Kieth You'll want to make sure that the oil has been degummed (lecithin gums removed). That's a tuff one to insure even with SVO. Even most of the distributors of fryer oils to restaurants are clueless as to whether or not the oil is degummed. The stuff is murder on deep fat fryers. Lecithin, while in light doses can behave as a mold release or lubricant, tends to congeal at moderate to high temperatures and build up over time. Most people have seen the end result of lecithin exposed to higher temps on their kitchen bakeware. The same would occur on a chainsaw bar in the areas most prone to heat buildup. Doesn't mean the oil can't be used, just that the bar will have to be monitored tacky gum residue and possibly cleaned with greater frequency. Todd Swearingen - Original Message - From: T. Gray Shaw [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Monday, September 02, 2002 1:13 PM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Thanks Kieth Thanks for the tip about using veggie oil as bar oil, Hakan. I'm gonna try that. I bet you could use coarsely filtered WVO. Fungi Perfecti (http://www.fungi.com/) in Olympia, WA sells spore-inoculated bar oil, one for softwoods and one for hardwoods. Saves a step when you're gonna grow culinary shrooms on logs. - Gray Apart from running 2-stroke engines on mix of ethanol/veg oil, the chain saw is a different thing. For some decades now, I use veg oil for lubricating the saw blade. In Sweden, it is now a standard to do that and almost all do it. When you buy a chain saw they recommend it now. From a pollution point this is very important, since the blade lubrication goes directly to the surrounding earth. Hakan Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ADVERTISEMENT Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service. Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ADVERTISEMENT Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Planet Ark : Kyoto climate goals are not enough, Blair says
http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/17554/story.htm Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] McDonald to use healthier oil
http://www.reuters.com/news_article.jhtml?type=businessnewsStoryID=1403077 ...what IS it, though?! Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: Making methanol and lye
Hi Lori, nice to hear from you again, it's been a long time. See: http://cator.hsc.edu/~kmd/caveman/projects/chloralkali/index.html This looks like the one, great. He's quite droll about it too. Scroll down to Instructions and click on the picture, there's a step-by-step in a java popup (what's that do, make toast with your coffee?). Pity about the chlorine though. How to mix the hydrogen and the chlorine to make hydrochloric acid? And what to do with the hydrochloric acid? and http://cator.hsc.edu/~kmd/caveman/projects/soap/ Lori Nice book Kevin Dunn's written, Caveman Chemistry. Good on him. Regards Keith At 03:32 PM 2002-09-02 +0900, Keith Addison wrote: For NaOH, we had some information that you can make sodium hydroxide from table salt. Kirk sent me this below awhile back, from a paper he wrote (hope you don't mind Kirk), but it's too technical for me and left me with a lot of questions. I've been wanting to take it further - maybe we can discuss it here? We need a simple recipe - do this, do that, how rather than why. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Looking for a more powerful website? Try GeoCities for $8.95 per month. Register your domain name (http://your-name.com). More storage! No ads! http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info http://us.click.yahoo.com/aHOo4D/KJoEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Re: Making methanol and lye -
Hi Paul Um, yes. Duh! I don't mind admitting it all looks like fly-shit to me. Well, not quite, I can follow it up to a point but easily get lost. Should've guessed the arrows though. Wouldn't worry too much about it Keith its all in house stuff. Each discipline has its own jargon, show me some shorthand or typesetting instructions and I wouldn't have a clue what it was all about. Thats what we are all here for, to pool our knowledge, help each other out and bounce ideas off each other. You're so right, thankyou. snip (quite a bit lost in the translation I'm afraid ,the hydroxide ion should be represented as OH with a superscript minus after it. It appears that the water molecule is more readily reduced than the Na+ ion. This is entirely reasonable when you consider the addition of sodium metal to water results in the spontaneous reaction : 2 Na (solid) + 2 H2O --- 2 Na+ + H2 (g) + 2 OH -- Not far wrong about that spontaneous reaction. Teachers at my school used to perform what they called the Red Sea Experiment. A paper boat would be constructed by one of the students. The boat would be floated on water in a large glass phneumatic trough (fancy words used to describe glass dish about 30cm diam and 15cm high usually used when collecting gas in a gas jar by displacement of water). Some phenolphalein indicator had been mixed into the water previously. This indicator is colourless in acidic or neutral solutions but turns bright pink/purple in alkaline solution. A piece of sodium was then placed in the boat. As the paper absorbed water the boat would sink lower in the water. Bilge water would react with the sodium. The reaction gave off hydrogen and generated much heat causing the hydrogen to burst into flames. This in turn set fire to the boat which would burn to the waterline exposing more of the sodium to water The reaction also created alkaline conditions (the sodium hydroxide produced) within the water causing the phenolphthalein to turn bright pink/purple. Very spectacular when it works right but the problem is the unpredictable burn rate of the sodium. The reaction rate is to a large extent dependent upon the skill of the boat builder. Often the reaction is so fierce that the sodium is liquified and hydrogen forms beneath/within it creats explosions which scatter burning liquid sodium for some distance. Very spectacular unless you happen to be in range. Some of our labs have burn marks on the ceiling as testimony of that little bit too much sodium. Experiment has been banned by head of department for safety reasons. Ah all the excitement has gone out of chemistry these days. We all learn by mistakes especially memorable ones, just so long as we are still around to remenber. :-) Nice yarn! What's a lab without burn marks on the ceiling? What's a kitchen without burn marks on the ceiling, LOL! Thanks Paul, I grasp this a bit better now. Lori's Caveman Chemistry link is interesting, could be the answer. Looks like it comes from a lab that might have burn marks on the ceiling. Regards Keith Regards Paul Gobert. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Looking for a more powerful website? Try GeoCities for $8.95 per month. Register your domain name (http://your-name.com). More storage! No ads! http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info http://us.click.yahoo.com/aHOo4D/KJoEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Phillips 76 California Fuel: Non-MTBE means methanol Use or not?
Question for the two groups: Is Phillips using ANY ethanol or are they pulling some fast one here? The word ethanol is not used in the news release and it seems clear they are arguing *against* its mandated use. It also seems clear that they are saying their non-MTBE gas *may* (*or may not*) contain ethanol. My guess is they are using some but are still powerfully working against its mandated use. Here are some pictures I took: http://www.herecomesmongo.com/biofuel/biofuel.html Here is a story that gives an over-view: http://www.phillips66.com/newsroom/NewsReleases/rel399.html Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Looking for a more powerful website? Try GeoCities for $8.95 per month. Register your domain name (http://your-name.com). More storage! No ads! http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info http://us.click.yahoo.com/aHOo4D/KJoEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Phillips 76 California Fuel: Non-MTBE means ethanol Use or not?
Oops I meant ethanol not methanol use in the subject heading. On Tue, 03 Sep 2002 07:56:43 -0700, you wrote: Question for the two groups: Is Phillips using ANY ethanol or are they pulling some fast one here? The word ethanol is not used in the news release and it seems clear they are arguing *against* its mandated use. It also seems clear that they are saying their non-MTBE gas *may* (*or may not*) contain ethanol. My guess is they are using some but are still powerfully working against its mandated use. Here are some pictures I took: http://www.herecomesmongo.com/biofuel/biofuel.html Here is a story that gives an over-view: http://www.phillips66.com/newsroom/NewsReleases/rel399.html Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Re: Veg oils as chainsaw bar oil
Not only a good article, a very good article and I hope that all interested in the issue reads it. Thank you for the link. The problems I have with cleaning, occurs when I use sunflower or rape seed oil, bought in the food shop. It works great anyway and professionals will not experience this, because for them a clean equipment is a habit. As mentioned in the article, Sweden has done veg oil for so long now, that I did not really thought that it was not the same in the rest of the world. Ed's earlier numbers (for Canada?) corresponds to a super tanker accident there, every year. If that happened, large money will be spent on clean up and the publicity would be enormous. Hakan At 08:09 PM 9/2/2002 -0700, you wrote: The additive package is what provides the necessary characteristics the natural oil does not possess. In the case of the additives we have available, even the additive package comes form natural sources. I have not heard of any problems, or a need for degumming cold pressed oil. Winter and summer also require different amounts and additive blends for optimal performance. A good article on the subject is at: http://194.200.85.10/forestry/greenman.htm on 9/2/02 7:52 PM, Hakan Falk at [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Re: Veg oils as chainsaw bar oil
Yes, those numbers were for Canada. Edward Beggs, BES, MSc Neoteric Biofuels Inc. Located in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada 1-250-768-3169 Fax: 1-250-768-3118 Toll-Free (Canada/USA): 1-866-768-3169 http://www.biofuels.ca [EMAIL PROTECTED] (for Canada?) corresponds to a super tanker accident there, every year. If that happened, large money will be spent on clean up and the publicity would be enormous. Hakan At 08:09 PM 9/2/2002 -0700, you wrote: The additive package is what provides the necessary characteristics the natural oil does not possess. In the case of the additives we have available, even the additive package comes form natural sources. I have not heard of any problems, or a need for degumming cold pressed oil. Winter and summer also require different amounts and additive blends for optimal performance. A good article on the subject is at: http://194.200.85.10/forestry/greenman.htm on 9/2/02 7:52 PM, Hakan Falk at [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] compost plant fight
http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=storyu=/trib/20020901/lo_sun/fort_lauderdale__epa_clash_overabandoned_compost_plant Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Planet Ark : Kyoto climate goals are not enough, Blair says
Read it, it is amusing and frightening, Blair said: In truth Kyoto is not radical enough, he said. Yet it is at present the most that is do-able and even then the largest nation, the United States, stands outside it. (a simple economic world recession will cause everybody to comply with Kyoto, it is too little too late) They (US) believe the targets are unachievable without unacceptable economic consequences. (nobody can seriously belive that, the truth is that US have an other agenda) Blair will address the Earth Summit yesterday. His close but absent ally, U.S. President George W. Bush, faces fierce criticism from environmentalists who say he is obstructing progress on the environment and sustainable development. (and they are right) The British premier said that, to address U.S. fears, better use of science, technology and market incentives were needed to win support for Kyoto and the necessary, more radical, action on climate change. (I do not understand this nonsense) Calling for greater political will to tackle the problem, Blair promised to put forward specific British proposals after consulting with G8 allies. (God help us) We need a systematic attempt to work out the potential of the most exciting scientific work now being done, for example in the areas of fuel cell technology, offshore wind and tidal energy, and converting waste to create methane, he said. Kyoto is right, but it is not enough. (Politicians like this, but what about doing something with the exiting ready to go technologies) But Blair said he was proud of his record and defended the role of business in promoting growth and development. (What record? Did anyone see anything, without using a microscope?) We can't solve climate change by being anti-business or anti-success, (it will instead create a whole new field of businesses and employment opportunities, but the established friends of the politician might suffer) Free trade is vital and neither the EU, the U.S., Japan nor any other wealthy nation should be retreating from it, (it will localize the energy production and make the world trade really free and voluntary, instead of Free trade of today) Hakan At 07:07 AM 9/3/2002 -0700, you wrote: http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/17554/story.htm Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: LAND CRUISER, was someone looking
If this is the one in Crete, IL (pretty sure it is) I looked at it. I didn't drive it because I was looking for one with a straighter body. Actually I was probably too picky. The body has obvious signs of bondo in a couple places and some dense rust bubbles under paint in several places. Other than that I can't tell you much about it. Apparently it was converted to a diesel later in its life (by the current owner) so it's not a BJ. It is an FJ as stated below. The current owner is big on diesels and has several different diesels (some big ones too) at his house. Message: 1 Date: Mon, 2 Sep 2002 19:58:44 EDT From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: LAND CRUISER, was someone looking 1967 TOYOTA LAND CRUISER, FJ40, right hand drive diesel, 31x 105 x15 BFG tires, American racing alum rims, 2 htrs, exc runner, $4500 obo; (708)672-0585 NOT ANYONE I KNOW erik Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
RE: [biofuel] Cellulose - to - Sugar Preprocessing
Woopex_oo1 wrote: Two questions: 1. How do you culture the enzyme-producing fungus without using up too much of the cellulose feedstock that is supposed to make ethanol? Answer: In general is better to buy a well known fungus from American Type Culture Collection or from and industrial strain from some Biotechnoly companies and grow it in small o large scale with an broth with K+, Ca++, Mg, Po4, SO4 =, NO3 -, Fe +++, micronutrients and some cotton fiber or paper pulp. Mainly the fungi with enzymes for cellulase and hemicellulase will be selectively developed, excreting their enzymes in the broth to uso the cellulose and hemicellulose as carbon source. If there is no contamination, filter the fungi mycelia with sterilized paper filter and then 0.5 micron sterile filter. Now you have a crude enzyme. If you want to separate the salts, it could be done with ion resin, or you may precipitate some enzymes using some salts, like amonium sulfate, test first, then separate the presipited enzyme by filtration. Use the crude enzyme or the presipited enzyme on your finely ground and clean cellulose to get some fermentable sugars. Look for the right yeast that could tolerate this medium to produce ethanol. If you go trying to isolate some fungi from wilderness take good care, some might produce lung infections if your inmune system is not in good shape. In an university library, in many biotechnoly journals you will find lots of information and not only with fungi but reconbinant bacteria as well. See: Dien et al., Conversion of Corn Milling Fibrous Co-products into Ethanol by Recombinant Escherichia coli Strains K011 and SL40, World Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology, 13, 619-625 (1997). Leathers et al., Saccrification of Corn Fiber Using Enzymes from Aureobasidium sp. Strain NRRL Y-2311-1, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 59, 337-347 (1996). There are many ways to repare these array of enzymes Hemicellulase, Cellulase; I search some lates Patent on this issue: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office http://www.uspto.gov/patft/ Patent Number Search United States Patent 6,423,524 Hagen, et al. July 23, 2002 Cellulase preparation comprising an endoglucanase enzyme Abstract The present invention relates to cellulase preparations consisting essentially of a homogeneous endoglucanase component. The cellulase preparation may be employed in the treatment of cellulose-containing fabrics for harshness reduction, for color clarification, or to provide a localized variation in the color of such fabrics, or in the treatment of paper pulp. 2. What is the enzyme that breaks down lignin? And which fungus produces it? Answer: From the word lignine the enzyme is called Ligninase, and lignins are composed by may complex phenol derivative compounds and we usually want to get rid of lignins by oxidazing them, that is another way to call the enzymes are phenol oxidizing enzymes. Some industial use of these enzymes are disclosed for textile bleaching in: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office http://www.uspto.gov/patft/ Patent Number Search United States Patent 6,384,007 Convents, et al.May 7, 2002 Method and composition for enhancing the activity of an enzyme Abstract There is provided a process for enhancing the activity of a phenol oxidizing enzyme, comprising adding to the enzyme, as an enhancer for the activity of said enzyme, one or more compounds having the having the formula: ##STR1## wherein Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are electron withdrawing groups, independently selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted alkyl/(hetero)aryl- -sulfone, -sulfoxide, -sulfonate, -carbonyl, -oxalyl, -amidoxalyl, -hydrazidoxalyl, -carboxyl and esters and salts thereof, -amidyl, -hydrazidyl, nitrile. The process is especially useful for removing colored stains from fabrics in a washing process. - United States Patent 6,242,245 Amann, et al. June 5, 2001 Multicomponent system for modifying, degrading or bleaching lignin or lignin-containing materials, and processes for its use Abstract A multicomponent system for modifying, degrading or bleaching lignin and lignin-containing materials or similar substances, includes an oxidoreductase and an oxidant suitable for the oxidoreductase and a mediator and at least one enzymatically active additive. The mediator does not inactivate the oxidoreductase and the enzymatically active additive, and the enzymatically active additive is selected from the group consisting of the hydrolases of the enzyme class 3.2.1. --- United States Patent 6,426,410 WangJuly 30, 2002 Phenol oxidizing enzymes Abstract Disclosed herein are novel phenol oxidizing enzymes
[biofuel] Re: Cellulose - to - Sugar Preprocessing
Wow! Thanks for the tips. The earth's surface is covered in 70 percent water by area. I am interested in aquaculture to grow kelp forests that could supply large quantities of cellulose. Kelp can be grown on floating rafts in the middle of the ocean - screens suspended 15-40 meters below the surface from buoys. Some Kelp varieties, such as Macrocystic Kelp, can grow up to 30 cm per day. In addition kelp forests have their own floatation air sacs so that the infrastructure (floating raft) that is used to provide a surface to root onto only has to support its own weight, and not the weight of the kelp. Large areas of ocean can be planted this way, away from coastal regions, where the ocean floor receives no light and there is very little flora fauna anyway. If the process can be tweaked to use kelp as a feedstock, then it will not interfere with land-based foodcrops, or animal feedcrops. --- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], Juan Boveda [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Woopex_oo1 wrote: Two questions: 1. How do you culture the enzyme-producing fungus without using up too much of the cellulose feedstock that is supposed to make ethanol? Answer: In general is better to buy a well known fungus from American Type Culture Collection or from and industrial strain from some Biotechnoly companies and grow it in small o large scale with an broth with K+, Ca++, Mg, Po4, SO4 =, NO3 -, Fe +++, micronutrients and some cotton fiber or paper pulp. Mainly the fungi with enzymes for cellulase and hemicellulase will be selectively developed, excreting their enzymes in the broth to uso the cellulose and hemicellulose as carbon source. If there is no contamination, filter the fungi mycelia with sterilized paper filter and then 0.5 micron sterile filter. Now you have a crude enzyme. If you want to separate the salts, it could be done with ion resin, or you may precipitate some enzymes using some salts, like amonium sulfate, test first, then separate the presipited enzyme by filtration. Use the crude enzyme or the presipited enzyme on your finely ground and clean cellulose to get some fermentable sugars. Look for the right yeast that could tolerate this medium to produce ethanol. If you go trying to isolate some fungi from wilderness take good care, some might produce lung infections if your inmune system is not in good shape. In an university library, in many biotechnoly journals you will find lots of information and not only with fungi but reconbinant bacteria as well. See: Dien et al., Conversion of Corn Milling Fibrous Co- products into Ethanol by Recombinant Escherichia coli Strains K011 and SL40, World Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology, 13, 619-625 (1997). Leathers et al., Saccrification of Corn Fiber Using Enzymes from Aureobasidium sp. Strain NRRL Y-2311-1, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 59, 337-347 (1996). There are many ways to repare these array of enzymes Hemicellulase, Cellulase; I search some lates Patent on this issue: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office http://www.uspto.gov/patft/ Patent Number Search United States Patent 6,423,524 Hagen, et al. July 23, 2002 Cellulase preparation comprising an endoglucanase enzyme Abstract The present invention relates to cellulase preparations consisting essentially of a homogeneous endoglucanase component. The cellulase preparation may be employed in the treatment of cellulose-containing fabrics for harshness reduction, for color clarification, or to provide a localized variation in the color of such fabrics, or in the treatment of paper pulp. 2. What is the enzyme that breaks down lignin? And which fungus produces it? Answer: From the word lignine the enzyme is called Ligninase, and lignins are composed by may complex phenol derivative compounds and we usually want to get rid of lignins by oxidazing them, that is another way to call the enzymes are phenol oxidizing enzymes. Some industial use of these enzymes are disclosed for textile bleaching in: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office http://www.uspto.gov/patft/ Patent Number Search United States Patent 6,384,007Convents, et al.May 7, 2002 Method and composition for enhancing the activity of an enzyme Abstract There is provided a process for enhancing the activity of a phenol oxidizing enzyme, comprising adding to the enzyme, as an enhancer for the activity of said enzyme, one or more compounds having the having the formula: ##STR1## wherein Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are electron withdrawing groups, independently selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted alkyl/(hetero)aryl- -sulfone, -sulfoxide, -sulfonate, -carbonyl, - oxalyl, -amidoxalyl, -hydrazidoxalyl, -carboxyl and esters and salts thereof, -amidyl, -hydrazidyl,
[biofuel] back frm the dead
Hi all. I«ve been away for quite some time, mostly preparing the presentation of my thesis (on biodiesel production). Now I«ve passed that and I«m oficcialy an Environmental Engineer (actually, the paperwork takes about 6 months). Well, the news is I«ve updated my webpage and uploaded many biodiesel related papers. Amongst other stuff, you«ll be able to find an updated photo-description of the biodiesel production process (my first batches), as well as a spanish and english version of a 10 page summary of my thesis, together with the 156 pages long thesis (in spanish). There are also some pictures and personal info as my resume. Please find the mentioned site at: www.clenoir.com I hope you enjoy it and find it usefult to keep on spreading the word on biofuels. I would also like to thank the members of the list who were so important for my thesis« publication (Specially Keith, Steve, Todd, Manolo, Dana... and so many others!) (you were all included in the aknowledgements) Needless to say, anyone interested is authorised to publish the work or copy it to his/her personal sites provided my personal info is attached and mentioned as reference and as the source of the work. Hope you all like it. Best, Christian [EMAIL PROTECTED] [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
RE: [biofuel] Re: Cellulose - to - Sugar Preprocessing
Maybe you could harvest in the Sargasso Sea? Kirk -Original Message- From: womplex_oo1 [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 03, 2002 3:31 PM To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Subject: [biofuel] Re: Cellulose - to - Sugar Preprocessing Wow! Thanks for the tips. The earth's surface is covered in 70 percent water by area. I am interested in aquaculture to grow kelp forests that could supply large quantities of cellulose. Kelp can be grown on floating rafts in the middle of the ocean - screens suspended 15-40 meters below the surface from buoys. Some Kelp varieties, such as Macrocystic Kelp, can grow up to 30 cm per day. In addition kelp forests have their own floatation air sacs so that the infrastructure (floating raft) that is used to provide a surface to root onto only has to support its own weight, and not the weight of the kelp. Large areas of ocean can be planted this way, away from coastal regions, where the ocean floor receives no light and there is very little flora fauna anyway. If the process can be tweaked to use kelp as a feedstock, then it will not interfere with land-based foodcrops, or animal feedcrops. --- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], Juan Boveda [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Woopex_oo1 wrote: Two questions: 1. How do you culture the enzyme-producing fungus without using up too much of the cellulose feedstock that is supposed to make ethanol? Answer: In general is better to buy a well known fungus from American Type Culture Collection or from and industrial strain from some Biotechnoly companies and grow it in small o large scale with an broth with K+, Ca++, Mg, Po4, SO4 =, NO3 -, Fe +++, micronutrients and some cotton fiber or paper pulp. Mainly the fungi with enzymes for cellulase and hemicellulase will be selectively developed, excreting their enzymes in the broth to uso the cellulose and hemicellulose as carbon source. If there is no contamination, filter the fungi mycelia with sterilized paper filter and then 0.5 micron sterile filter. Now you have a crude enzyme. If you want to separate the salts, it could be done with ion resin, or you may precipitate some enzymes using some salts, like amonium sulfate, test first, then separate the presipited enzyme by filtration. Use the crude enzyme or the presipited enzyme on your finely ground and clean cellulose to get some fermentable sugars. Look for the right yeast that could tolerate this medium to produce ethanol. If you go trying to isolate some fungi from wilderness take good care, some might produce lung infections if your inmune system is not in good shape. In an university library, in many biotechnoly journals you will find lots of information and not only with fungi but reconbinant bacteria as well. See: Dien et al., Conversion of Corn Milling Fibrous Co- products into Ethanol by Recombinant Escherichia coli Strains K011 and SL40, World Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology, 13, 619-625 (1997). Leathers et al., Saccrification of Corn Fiber Using Enzymes from Aureobasidium sp. Strain NRRL Y-2311-1, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 59, 337-347 (1996). There are many ways to repare these array of enzymes Hemicellulase, Cellulase; I search some lates Patent on this issue: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office http://www.uspto.gov/patft/ Patent Number Search United States Patent 6,423,524 Hagen, et al. July 23, 2002 Cellulase preparation comprising an endoglucanase enzyme Abstract The present invention relates to cellulase preparations consisting essentially of a homogeneous endoglucanase component. The cellulase preparation may be employed in the treatment of cellulose-containing fabrics for harshness reduction, for color clarification, or to provide a localized variation in the color of such fabrics, or in the treatment of paper pulp. 2. What is the enzyme that breaks down lignin? And which fungus produces it? Answer: From the word lignine the enzyme is called Ligninase, and lignins are composed by may complex phenol derivative compounds and we usually want to get rid of lignins by oxidazing them, that is another way to call the enzymes are phenol oxidizing enzymes. Some industial use of these enzymes are disclosed for textile bleaching in: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office http://www.uspto.gov/patft/ Patent Number Search United States Patent 6,384,007Convents, et al.May 7, 2002 Method and composition for enhancing the activity of an enzyme Abstract There is provided a process for enhancing the activity of a phenol oxidizing enzyme, comprising adding to the enzyme, as an enhancer for the activity of said enzyme, one or more compounds having the having the formula: ##STR1## wherein Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are electron withdrawing
Re: [biofuel] McDonald to use healthier oil
not cold pressed olive oil :-( Steve Spence Subscribe to the Renewable Energy Newsletter Discussion Boards: http://www.green-trust.org Renewable Energy Pages - http://www.webconx.dns2go.com/ [EMAIL PROTECTED] - Original Message - From: Neoteric Biofuels Inc. [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel-JTF biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Tuesday, September 03, 2002 10:12 AM Subject: [biofuel] McDonald to use healthier oil http://www.reuters.com/news_article.jhtml?type=businessnewsStoryID=1403077 ...what IS it, though?! Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] AFDC Monthly Updates
For correspondence, your ID number is: 108386 To register for the monthly update, click on the following link: http://www.afdc.doe.gov/cgi-bin/mw/monthly_update.cgi?108386 Hello! As someone who has expressed interest in alternative fuels in the past, you are invited to be an ongoing subscriber to What's New at the AFDC. It's a free newsletter produced and distributed via e-mail by the Clean Cities Program of the U.S. Department of Energy. Every month, it lists all kinds of communications added to the Alternative Fuels Data Center (AFDC), as well as external Web postings newly linked to the AFDC database. The latest edition can be found at www.ccities.doe.gov/pdfs/ccnews_july2002.pdf. What's New will fill you in on fact sheets, newsletters, and reports added to the AFDC. You'll be notified of meeting presentations recently posted online, and links to new and revised Web sites. What's New tells you not just what's been added, but how to get a hold of it. For hard copy publications, it's usually as simple as hitting the 'Reply' button, or calling the Clean Cities Hotline at 1-800-CCITIES. For Web postings, we'll steer you to the appropriate site. What's New helps you keep up with developments in the world of alternative fuels. We at the AFDC share the basic mission of the Clean Cities Program--promoting ethanol, methanol, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, biodiesel, electricity, and hydrogen, as well as the cars and trucks that use them. To become a regular subscriber to What's New at the AFDC, please click on the link above. If you like, you can also take a few minutes to update your personal information record, to help us keep in touch with you more effectively. To decline this offer, you need not do anything. Without your response, we won't bug you. If you know anyone else who wants to subscribe, please have them call the Hotline (1-800-CCITIES) Monday through Friday from 9 am to 6 pm eastern time. Thanks, Wendy Dafoe Alternative Fuels Data Center Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] peanut oil
Keith Young writes: Better be checking out the economics of growing peanuts before you jump in. I live in Va., and the support price has been lowered from $600.00 a ton, to $350.00. I've been told that even at their best yields they would lose $50.00ton at that price. Sounds like you know something about agronomy. Not to put you on the defensive, but why do farmers always talk in those terms -- ie, the govt. won't pay me enough to grow this stuff, so it's not worth it? How did the peanut manage to evolve before the gummint subsidized it adequately? Are we saying that peanuts are so intrinsically worthless that only wild ones should be harvested (as in hunter-gatherer), and that artificially cultivated ones are a waste of time and money? To get off my high horse a bit, why would peanuts (or any other crop, for that matter) EVER become more expensive to grow than what they are worth? Does this happen because of the high costs of water, pesticides, herbicides, plow blades, combines, fuel? If so, maybe it's just that a particular crop is being grown in the wrong location, or in the wrong way, or in too-large fields, or perhaps an overly-sensitive cultivar is being raised.. what is it? I really want to know.-K Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Looking for a more powerful website? Try GeoCities for $8.95 per month. Register your domain name (http://your-name.com). More storage! No ads! http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info http://us.click.yahoo.com/aHOo4D/KJoEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: Cellulose - to - Sugar Preprocessing
womplex_oo1 wrote: Wow! Thanks for the tips. ... and to change the subject completely... The earth's surface is covered in 70 percent water by area. I am interested in aquaculture to grow kelp forests that could supply large quantities of cellulose. Kelp can be grown on floating rafts in the middle of the ocean - screens suspended 15-40 meters below the surface from buoys. Some Kelp varieties, such as Macrocystic Kelp, can grow up to 30 cm per day. In addition kelp forests have their own floatation air sacs so that the infrastructure (floating raft) that is used to provide a surface to root onto only has to support its own weight, and not the weight of the kelp. Large areas of ocean can be planted this way, away from coastal regions, where the ocean floor receives no light and there is very little flora fauna anyway. If the process can be tweaked to use kelp as a feedstock, then it will not interfere with land-based foodcrops, or animal feedcrops. So you said before, but you still haven't answered the question, nor even comprehended it, and apparently forgotten it, if you saw it in the first place, or the second, or the third. Your idea of waste and nature's idea of waste are two different things. What you call waste is returned to the soil to maintain the organic matter content, essential for everything - soil fertility, crop production, and the viability of the soilfoodweb, the tons of micro-organisms in an acre of soil that make plant growth possible. So if you're going to take that away too and burn it in your car, what will you substitute for it? Chemical fertilizers? Your only response (?) to that was that it's a HUGE WASTE. Now you want to go messing with the ocean, which is in a sorry state, a very a sorry state, in case you didn't notice (partly because of chemical fertilizer run-off). What will be the effects on the ocean ecosystem, and related systems - in other words all systems - of your kelp culture plan, beyond how much it might interfere with land-based foodcrops or animal feedcrops? If you don't know, why not? You should have figured that out by now, before you start proposing it. The biosphere, nature, natural resources, are not just some stuff lying around waiting for you to use it or abuse it or use it up or destroy it or waste it just however you wish. It's exactly that kind of non-thinking which has got us into this mess. Or didn't you notice we're in a mess? Keith --- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], Juan Boveda [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Woopex_oo1 wrote: Two questions: 1. How do you culture the enzyme-producing fungus without using up too much of the cellulose feedstock that is supposed to make ethanol? Answer: In general is better to buy a well known fungus from American Type Culture Collection or from and industrial strain from some Biotechnoly companies and grow it in small o large scale with an broth with K+, Ca++, Mg, Po4, SO4 =, NO3 -, Fe +++, micronutrients and some cotton fiber or paper pulp. Mainly the fungi with enzymes for cellulase and hemicellulase will be selectively developed, excreting their enzymes in the broth to uso the cellulose and hemicellulose as carbon source. If there is no contamination, filter the fungi mycelia with sterilized paper filter and then 0.5 micron sterile filter. Now you have a crude enzyme. If you want to separate the salts, it could be done with ion resin, or you may precipitate some enzymes using some salts, like amonium sulfate, test first, then separate the presipited enzyme by filtration. Use the crude enzyme or the presipited enzyme on your finely ground and clean cellulose to get some fermentable sugars. Look for the right yeast that could tolerate this medium to produce ethanol. If you go trying to isolate some fungi from wilderness take good care, some might produce lung infections if your inmune system is not in good shape. In an university library, in many biotechnoly journals you will find lots of information and not only with fungi but reconbinant bacteria as well. See: Dien et al., Conversion of Corn Milling Fibrous Co- products into Ethanol by Recombinant Escherichia coli Strains K011 and SL40, World Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology, 13, 619-625 (1997). Leathers et al., Saccrification of Corn Fiber Using Enzymes from Aureobasidium sp. Strain NRRL Y-2311-1, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 59, 337-347 (1996). There are many ways to repare these array of enzymes Hemicellulase, Cellulase; I search some lates Patent on this issue: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office http://www.uspto.gov/patft/ Patent Number Search United States Patent 6,423,524 Hagen, et al. July 23, 2002 Cellulase preparation comprising an endoglucanase enzyme Abstract The present invention relates to cellulase preparations consisting essentially of a
[biofuel] Diesel fuel pumps.
Howdy all, Could someone please tell me what pressures diesel fuel pumps operate at? And, are they all mechanical or are some run by their own electric motor? Phillip GET INTERNET ACCESS FROM JUNO! Juno offers FREE or PREMIUM Internet access for less! Join Juno today! For your FREE software, visit: http://dl.www.juno.com/get/web/. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: peanut oil
Keith Young writes: Better be checking out the economics of growing peanuts before you jump in. I live in Va., and the support price has been lowered from $600.00 a ton, to $350.00. I've been told that even at their best yields they would lose $50.00ton at that price. Sounds like you know something about agronomy. Not to put you on the defensive, but why do farmers always talk in those terms -- ie, the govt. won't pay me enough to grow this stuff, so it's not worth it? How did the peanut manage to evolve before the gummint subsidized it adequately? Are we saying that peanuts are so intrinsically worthless that only wild ones should be harvested (as in hunter-gatherer), and that artificially cultivated ones are a waste of time and money? To get off my high horse a bit, why would peanuts (or any other crop, for that matter) EVER become more expensive to grow than what they are worth? Does this happen because of the high costs of water, pesticides, herbicides, plow blades, combines, fuel? If so, maybe it's just that a particular crop is being grown in the wrong location, or in the wrong way, or in too-large fields, or perhaps an overly-sensitive cultivar is being raised.. what is it? I really want to know.-K Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- 4 DVDs Free +sp Join Now http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] peanut oil
I suppose if you had to single out one cause, your best bet would be to blame FDR and his legacy for this perverse state of affairs. The whole concept of farm subsidies has long since become an institution so ingrained in the modern mentality that I don't think you would need the fingers of one hand to count the congressmen and senators who publicly oppose them. The only long-term winners have been the Amish who don't have anything to do with the whole system (govt. subsidies, large-scale mechanization, agrochemicals, bank loans, etc.) to begin with. They can walk into a farm auction and pay cash for distressed farms being sold at fire sale prices. Of course there are two sides to every story; if one goes back to the Great Depression and the dire set of circumstances that prompted the farm subsidy system, one might be more sympathetic to FDR. American farming was already in trouble before FDR came along. (Some of the proposed federal legislation to provide financial relief for farmers passed because on the day the legislators voted on it, there was such a severe dust storm in Washington that it looked like nighttime at noon. The legislators understood that Kansas was blowing by, on its way out to the Atlantic Ocean.) But the farm subsidies didn't really address the fundamental causes of the farmers' problems, and created new problems as well. (A great book on the Great Depression is A Nation in Torment, by Edward Robb Ellis. Ellis is overall favorably disposed toward FDR and his policies.) Christopher Witmer Tokyo Ken Provost wrote: Sounds like you know something about agronomy. Not to put you on the defensive, but why do farmers always talk in those terms -- ie, the govt. won't pay me enough to grow this stuff, so it's not worth it? How did the peanut manage to evolve before the gummint subsidized it adequately? Are we saying that peanuts are so intrinsically worthless that only wild ones should be harvested (as in hunter-gatherer), and that artificially cultivated ones are a waste of time and money? To get off my high horse a bit, why would peanuts (or any other crop, for that matter) EVER become more expensive to grow than what they are worth? Does this happen because of the high costs of water, pesticides, herbicides, plow blades, combines, fuel? If so, maybe it's just that a particular crop is being grown in the wrong location, or in the wrong way, or in too-large fields, or perhaps an overly-sensitive cultivar is being raised.. what is it? I really want to know.-K Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Looking for a more powerful website? Try GeoCities for $8.95 per month. Register your domain name (http://your-name.com). More storage! No ads! http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info http://us.click.yahoo.com/aHOo4D/KJoEAA/MVfIAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
