Guess I should get my vote in.
Even though I haven't used Guthion for a couple decades
I hate to lose the option.
Mating disruption and a bit of Imidan works for
me.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
Corvallis, MT 59828
(
From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.ne
Not sure on the pollen aspect but when the temps rise bees start
spending more time hauling water to the hive rather than foraging.
Best thing a grower can do is make sure a water supply the bees can
access without drowning is close by.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research C
I recall years ago reading of what's called a Spanish halter used for
sheep grazing in orchards. What the halter did was to keep the sheep
from being able to look up. When they can't look up the only orchard
foliage they are able to eat is the very lowest hanging.
Bill Fleming
Montana State Univ
Ramik Brown has been my method of attack on orchard voles fro many
years. Along with clean rows it has been highly successful. More info>
http://www.pesticideinfo.org/Detail_Product.jsp?REG_NR=00239300512&DIST_
NR=002393
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast
Wish that was the case Jerry. We've had two research positions in the
MSU Ag Experiment Station we've been trying to fill for almost a year.
Advertising has been extensive, not in the WSJ though. Mainly industry
publications. We've only had a handful of applicants in the past year,
most were Chine
I used the wire spreaders you describe many years ago purchased from
Northwest Wholesale in Wenatchee, Washington.
The spreaders were made and patented by a man in Wenatchee. They worked
great but the biggest complaint was occasionally they would get "lost"
in a tree only to be found by a pair of
We have ten 100 year plus Macs that weren't tended to for eight years.
They aren't going anywhere since they are considered a historical site.
Just getting the height down to where an airblast sprayer could reach
them involved a chainsaw on a 18 foot ladder making ten inch cuts.
About 16 man hours
I've never had to experience hurricane force winds but have seen many
winds in excess of 50 mph coming from all directions usually associated
with thunder storms. Trees were on M7 and M26. Our simple yet effective
trellis system has held up well with no tree losses.
Trellis system consisted of 12'
My experience will Ethryl bordered on unethical. About two weeks before
a large, beautiful Golden Delicious harvest we had a hail storm. Fruit
sugar levels were too low by Washington state law to harvest so the
packing house fieldman recommended spraying Ethryl to raise sugar levels
before the hai
Maybe the fellow in this article can help
http://www.seattlepi.com/business/198913_apple10.html
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Ln
Corvallis, MT 59828
(406)961-3025
From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net
[mailto:apple-
I was planning on a 10' electric deer fence this fall but if Budweiser
would work instead it's on sale right now.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
Corvallis, MT 59828
--
The 'Apple-Crop'
Here's Fireblight observation for you all that I always thought was a
wives' tale.
Fireblight can be spread in smoke!
Neighbor was pushing out and burning a 20 acre Bosc pear block that had
almost 100% blight fatality after a hail storm the previous year. Smoke
plume was headed our way during dri
I think nutrition alone doesn't determine why a shopper would prefer organic.
For some it's a matter of ideals and for others a distrust (perceived or real?)
of the chemicals used on our food.
For some it's support of small local farmers where sustainability appears
greater than large scale comme
8
(406)961-3025
-Original Message-
From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net [mailto:apple-c...@virtualorchard.net] On
Behalf Of rkpeng...@aol.com
Sent: Saturday, August 01, 2009 6:11 PM
Subject: RE: Apple-Crop: deer
-Original Message-
From: Fleming, William
To: Apple-Crop
Sent: Wed, Jul
I've only seen one horizontal fence, looked good. Owner said it worked well..
It was 6 wide and hinged with one bolt about a foot off the ground so you could
flip it up and mow underneath.
Personally since most modern orcharists are set up for installing wire
trellises a deer fence is actually qu
ck. Don't forget
to patrol the fence once a week for most of the year.
John Biele
334 Eastlake Road
Oroville, Washington
98844
jbi...@hi-oasis.com<mailto:jbi...@hi-oasis.com>
On Aug 4, 2009, at 7:11 AM, Fleming, William wrote:
I've only seen one horizontal fence, looked good.
I've seen this once in 40 years on a Golden tree.
It was split perfectly in half with the line between the colors as straight as
if someone had spliced two apples together with a razor.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
Corvallis, MT 59828
__
Unfortunate is right considering how many calls we get at the research center
every summer from people whose gardens have been killed by manure or compost
made with straw that has high residual herbicide levels. Tordon and Milestone
seem to be the main culprits and can take years even in a compo
I truly hope this isn't a common practice in Afghanistan, but it was relayed to
me by a fellow who volunteers with a group that plants trees in Afghanistan.
I believe it to be true as wild as it sounds.
Irrigation canals in Afghanistan have been used much like the trenches of WWI
and have been b
We have a long term project at our station into season extendeders that
includes hoop houses, row covers, mulches, etc. Every company I contact is
happy to provide products, not this one. I emailed them and they weren't
interested.
Makes me think they don't want their product under scientific sc
I can only surmise it's because M-111 tends to sucker badly especially if some
of the roots are jaded (pointed upwards). No big deal if planted by hand to
correct the root position but if using a three point tree planter at high speed
it would be preferable to trim the roots to avoid jading.
Bi
After years of trial and error I've found the metal clips are the only device
that definitely will stay in place. I have only used the large size.
The tree will grow into the clip just as often as it grows into the trellis
wire. I only used the clips at the top ten foot wire so wasn't concerned a
Nick, the way it works when you use a tractor drawn tree planter is the logical
place for the trellis poles is in the groove made by the planter.
If you attach the wire to the outside of the post with stapes the wire ends up
half the post width out of line with the tree row.
That usually ends up
tential Spam* RE: Apple-Crop: Attaching trees to trellis
Wish I couldsee a photo of this water drill, not clear, how do you cut,bend a
6inch pieceof 4inch pipe, how about a photo, Lee Elliott, winchester,il
--- On Thu, 2/11/10, Fleming, William wrote:
From: Fleming, William
Subject: RE: Ap
I knew a few conventional growers in NC Washington who were using sodium
bicarbonate (baking soda) to control powdery mildew in cherries.
I can't vouch for their success but a few used it for several years so may have
felt it offered some control.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western A
I'm jealous, well sort of.
Fully dormant here at 4000 ft Montana. Skiff of snow last night with a low of
24°, high today in the 40s.
Forecast is for lows in the teens. Plenty of time left here for pruning...
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Ln
Corvallis,
I don't think your temps were cool enough and especially the duration long
enough to cause damage. 28° is the temp for 10% kill post bloom but the
duration needs to be about three hours.
I wouldn't worry one bit. Growing apples in WA state we considered a frost like
yours to be a free thinning o
According to what read in the past the majority of pesticides and chemical
fertilizers are used by homeowners who more often overuse them without reading
the label.
Malathion is a popular insecticide available to homeowners at any supermarket
or hardware store. I have to wonder if the study even
A repeated spray would probably be much cheaper than the damage caused if your
spray was washed off.
I personally don't like taking chances like that, especially if it was for CM.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Ln
Corvallis, MT 59828
(406)961-3025
How about dynamite or a jack hammer?
Only thing I can think of would be to rent a Cat before you plant and pull a
ripper down the tree row before planting.
This would also help the trees by providing better drainage.
From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net
I used a water gun to install posts in Eastern Washington, worked great even in
rocky soil, but used to farm almonds in California's central valley with a
hardpan layer, no way.
Deep ripping with a huge tractor was the only way to bust though it.
Perhaps Art's layer isn't as tough, wouldn't hurt
I've found the best way to be successful in your type of situation is to spray
Roundup to the centers to eliminate most rhizome type grasses and perennial
broadleaves before you work the ground for replanting. Depending on your soil
and the seeder used the ground may not even need to be tilled.
I wouldn't say organic pesticides more toxic to the environment but the fact
that most are so broad spectrum that they kill beneficials as well as pests.
That makes them unecological. as compared to many of the modern pesticides that
are very specific in their targets. Plus many times when you k
>From what I've read fresh water will be the limiting population factor long
>before energy.
I hate to see people dying off but perhaps a world population fewer than 2
billion or even one billion would be much better for the planet and humans
alike. In fact I think we all know deep down it woul
They aren't cheap.
Best price I found was $150 here>
http://www.amazon.com/General-Purpose-Firmness-Penetrometer-Sclerometer/dp/B003H3VNQC
Just as accurate as the electronic one in the lab.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Ln
Corvallis, Montana
Tom, all that I've ever heard is that you must let the trees reach full
dormancy before pruning especially if making big flush to the trunk cuts. First
week of December is almost always a safe time to start. I know some growers
will tell their pruning crews that damage occurs if they prune when
With a 6' by 12" to 14" spacing I think you'd have less labor input just going
with a simple central leader tree.
You can manipulate the central leader to keep it weak by bending to keep the
tree height down.
Single stake for each tree, no trellis.
The training system you show in the picture look
I had problems with just one 8' high wire.
Trees bowed too much under fruit load. Trees midway between trellis posts
pulled the wire down causing the entire row to be pulled down and bowed. Bamboo
was ¾" diameter.
One wire added later at 5" alleviated the problem.
Bill Fleming
Montana State Univ
Yes, sorry.
Monday morning you know
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Ln
Corvallis, Montana
From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net
[mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net] On Behalf Of William H Shoemaker
Sen
A lime-sulfur/fish oil spray just after full bloom is a common organic
alternative to hand thinning that works well. It works well enough that many
conventional growers use it also. I suppose if a person wanted to burn all
flowers off a tree they would need two of these caustic sprays just befor
Rye, it sounds like you might want to download and save this excellent resource
http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/eb0419/eb0419.pdf
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Ln
Corvallis, Montana
From: apple-crop-boun...@virtu
). I guess I need help interpreting what to use on apple.
Thanks,
Rye Hefley
Future Farmers Marketer
So. Cal.
-Original Message-
From: Fleming, William
To: Apple-crop discussion list
Sent: Mon, Mar 14, 2011 8:13 am
Subject: Re: [apple-crop] Powdery Mildew already: Spray timing questio
Seems like nowadays half the job of farming is political be it water,
pesticides, zoning, etc.
In order to retain our agricultural way of life we have to band together
politically and lobby for what will keep us in business.
Unfortunate but unavoidable.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
West
My experience is the burl (ball) is the rootstock.
I wouldn't worry about it rooting.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Ln
Corvallis, Montana
From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net
[mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorc
I agree with Peter that it's an old term but always took it to mean codling
moth sprays, which back in the old days were hard insecticides that killed
everything. In Washington most years three were needed, occasionally four.
The term covered is also used to numerate the number of days your cover
Besides the powder PM also gives a sort of reddish cast to the leaves.
You might want to consider alternating at least three different fungicides with
different modes of action into your program. PM will develop resistance to just
one form of control in one year.
I'm fairly certain just using a c
Rye,
The way our irrigation system is set up is with 3/4" poly hose attached to the
wire at 5'.
A micro sprinkler that's designed to work upside down hangs from a 1/4" poly
line so the sprinkler is about 16-20 inches off the ground. There is a
sprinkler between every other tree.
If needed for fr
I'm not an entomologist and can't speak for all wasps but can tell you my
experiences.
1) Sounds like you have bald faced hornets. They usually aren't very
aggressive unless you get very close to their nest then watch out, they can be
very nasty. Their nests are a hazard to workers and sho
I always start pruning after leafs fall mainly because the branches fall to the
ground more easily. No leafs allow a more accurate cut and avoid cutting
trellis wires also. Have always started pruning as early as possible to utilize
a year round workforce. I always heard but have never seen any
I use high tensile wire, the same type used for trellises. Eight wires 10"-12"
apart, 50' between 4" diameter posts with very well anchored corners.
Works excellent, the deer have no problem seeing the wire and it only takes
getting shocked once to teach them a lifetime lesson.
Bill Fleming
Mo
3357 Route 9W, P.O. Box 727, Highland, NY 12528-0727
telephone: 845-691-7117, cell: 845-399-2028, fax: 845-691-2719, email:
mj...@cornell.edu<mailto:mj...@cornell.edu>
visit us at http://hudsonvf.cce.cornell.edu<http://hudsonvf.cce.cornell.edu/>
From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.ne
going with a 6' fence.
Thanks much,
Mark
----- Original Message -
From: Fleming, William<mailto:w...@montana.edu>
To: Apple-crop discussion list<mailto:apple-crop@virtualorchard.net>
Sent: Thursday, December 22, 2011 4:08 PM
Subject: Re: [apple-crop] Best electric fencing materials
Mark,
When the time comes to control weeds I use the pre-emergent soybean herbicide
Valor at the non-crop area rate every three years.
Works excellent for me but I'm in an arid climate although sprinklers do hit
the fence during the growing season.
Valor should be easy to come by for you in Kansa
in the season when there is a danger of translocating glyphos
to the tree roots.
Mark
- Original Message -----
From: Fleming, William<mailto:w...@montana.edu>
To: Apple-crop discussion list<mailto:apple-crop@virtualorchard.net>
Sent: Tuesday, December 27, 2011 9:54 AM
Subject: R
Rye,
You're going to have to lose all that growth. The tree may have enough roots to
survive but definitely not enough to support six feet of growth.
Cutting the tree all the way back to about knee high may let it survive but
you'd probably be better off to just start over with a new tree.
Bill
I've seen two different varieties of apple growing next to each other basically
graft together when two branches were tied together in tree training.
Never saw any mixing of apple variety but what was amusing was when the
branches were later cut apart and a different variety ended up on the end o
Drone helicopters sure would come in handy for cherry growers out west who use
them to dry fruit to prevent rain cracking.
Often there aren't enough copters to go around for what must be a boring job
for pilots.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Ln
Corval
I made my own hedger/topper by mounting a $250 used M-F sickle bar mower on a
front end loader. Powered it with a hydraulic motor.
Mower hydraulically pivoted from below horizontal to 90°. Could hedge and top
up to 12 feet.
Worked excellent as long as the tractor could fit down the driverow!
Bil
We used a device from the same company with the same mode of action to repel
birds.
Work great for a couple of days till they got used to it then it was worthless.
Luckily it had a 30 day money back guarantee, I sent it back.
Think the deer repeller has a similar warranty; maybe you should go for
A $150 washer from Home Depot works for me. I use hot water from a building
that has a water heater.
Hot water makes a lot of difference.
But now if you're using fish oil everything changes, that stuff is harder to
get off than most paint.
What I finally figured out to do with fish oil was to pai
In my pear growing days in NC Washington we used a helicopter for a pollen
blower. The copter blades would turn so slow you thought it would fall out of
the sky while flying at tree top level. The pilot's assistant would toss
teaspoons of pollen out the door as the copter flew the rows.
It still
Best location in Montana with much public support.
Details> http://www.montana.edu/jobs/faculty/13-372
___
apple-crop mailing list
apple-crop@virtualorchard.net
http://virtualorchard.net/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop
I've also wondered about the negative effects of spraying sugar on fruit, seems
like it wouldn't much different than honeydew caused by pear psylla or aphids
causing sooty mold.
Read recently that some growers were having excellent results with a 5 lbs per
100 gallons white sugar spray to repel
I don't know any numbers but have read that a mature orchard on seedling roots
spaced 28'x28' will way out produce a dwarf high density orchard.
It will probably cost you twice as much to pick with twice as many processors
but the tonnage will be up there.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
W
Tree height in a high density orchard depends on your latitude, row width and
orientation i.e. N-S or E-W.
While a short tree might be ideal if you want to go ladderless at our latitude
here in Montana 12 foot tall trees oriented N-S with a 14' drive row take
maximum advantage of the sun.
I've s
Here you go, could be doubled for bird control also>
http://www.autocopter.us/Gunship.htm
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Lane
Corvallis, MT 59828
On Fri, Jan 24, 2014 at 4:32 PM, maurice tougas
mailto:appleman.maur...@gmail.com>> wrote:
Now you've g
We used a variation of stripping on vigorous M-26 Granny Smith tree first year
wood in June-July. Instead of stripping the branch entirely off we would break
the branch about one third up from the base so it hung below horizontal and
just left it hanging. Vigor was diverted to small weak side sh
Back when I grew apples in North Central Washington they always said you
couldn't grow good apples down south in the Columbia Basin so hardly anyone
did. Then someone came up with idea of overhead cooling during the hottest
days, the Gala and Honeycrisp planting boom started. Huge plantings in t
rnell.edu/people/dave-rosenberger
****
On Jan 30, 2014, at 11:52 AM, Fleming, William
mailto:w...@exchange.montana.edu>> wrote:
Back when I grew apples in North Central Washington they always said you
couldn't gr
You have plenty of water but the missing hour definitely could have allowed
some damage. The accepted method is to leave the water running till ice starts
melting rapidly. That's usually an hour or two after the sun is shining.
I've had just as good of luck with undertree sprinklers for frost con
We had rows 2200 feet long between end anchors. 4 wires, 10' high with posts
spaced at 42', 3' deep. End posts were a larger diameter, 4' deep at about a
45° angle.
Wires and anchors were attached to a 4' long screw in steel anchor with 8"
plate. Ground was basically flat.
No problems holding a
Choteau for preemergent control sprayed in the fall works well for me. Lasts
all season, any knockdown sprays in the growing season are very limited.
Of course, read the label.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Lane
Corvallis, MT 59828
From: apple-crop-bo
Pherocon CM-DA work for me. Catch both male and female moths.
Buy them here http://www.trece.com/pherocon.html#
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Lane
Corvallis, MT 59828
From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net
[mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorcha
The way to beat the GMO controversy, merited or not, is to use genetic mapping
to find plants with desirable traits then cross them into the targeted crop
with conventional breeding.
I've talked with several anti GMO folks who have no problem with this method
but you still can be sure it won't p
I've used vinegar occasionally but am only lowering the pH by .2
Someone correct me if I'm wrong but it's been my understanding the spray water
pH doesn't make much difference if you spray right after mixing and don't let
the tank sit.
The decrease in performance data I've seen was done with a ta
I use a Raven system on my field crop sprayer and love it. Just punch in the
gallons per acre you desire and it automatically measures flow and speed then
tells you if you need to slow down or speed up. As Peter said even though the
Raven controls nozzle pressure it’s up to you to use a nozzle i
Nick, as long as you are getting sufficient coverage in both growing systems I
would personally find it easier to mix up two different tanks with different
quantities of material rather than mess with swapping nozzles.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
Corvall
se edit your Subject line so it is more specific than
"Re: Contents of apple-crop digest..."
Today's Topics:
1. Re: Sprayer Calibration Between
Training Styles (Fleming, William)
--
Message
I’m only familiar with the 20th Century and Chojuro varieties but they filled
in a 8’ x 14’ planting nicely. I guess the grower could always cut out every
other tree if it gets too hard to keep them in their space.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Lane
C
To me it just seems strange that we would allow importing apples from any
country when we depend on exports ourselves to market the excess amount of
fruit we produce.
Maybe I'm just looking at it with too much common sense.
Then again many times in trade agreements allowing an import of a product
Check out the poster the California Avocado Commission provides growers
http://www.californiaavocadogrowers.com/sites/default/files/documents/Avocado-Theft-Is-A-Crime-Poster.pdf
From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net
[apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.
We experimented with an ultra-low volume applicator years ago, think it was
called a Herbi.
Worked excellent, one quart of straight glyphosate would last for hours.
Even though it was shielded drift was the problem, any wind over 2 mph was too
much. This limited spraying hours so severely that it
I’ve never seen lightning damage in an apple orchard but have seen it happen
several times in grape vineyards. It usually damages the entire row and can
even cause trellis poles to explode. Vines recover in a couple of years.
My feeling is about the same would happen with apples, if any trees act
Daryl,
The reason they breed by manipulating genes rather than conventional breeding
is because it only takes years rather than decades to come up with the
desirable result.
While I don't have a strong opinion either way on GMOs what I feel is a better
use of the technology is to identify the ge
Might want to check availability, my area rep for Kasumin total me they were
sold out for this season.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Lane
Corvallis, MT 59828
From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net
[mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net]
Braeburn and Cortland are also non-browning.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Lane
Corvallis, MT 59828
-Original Message-
From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net
[mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net] On Behalf Of David Doud
Sent: Mon
Not quite the same story that Goodfruit Grower told a few months ago.
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Research Center
580 Quast Lane
Corvallis, MT 59828
406-961-3025
Cell- 406-529-2409
-Original Message-
From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net
[mailto:apple-crop-boun
I used a flamer just last week… on a pre-plant vegetable/small grain research
project. 8 foot wide behind the tractor. Method is called a stale seed bed.
Have seen several fruit tree flamers in use in North Central Washington in the
1990s.
My recollections:
All were one big nozzle mounted on the
Lee, can't help you on reading your date but we had a 35 lb. drum of strep
dated 1972 that I didn't trust. Had the guys in the lab plate it out, it killed
all the bacteria they introduced it to.
The drum had been stored in a cool dry place
Bill Fleming
Montana State University
Western Ag Researc
ast year or even for the past five years, one cannot be
certain that it will NEVER be a problem.
Dave Rosenberger, Plant Pathologist,
Hudson Valley Lab, P.O. Box 727, Highland, NY 12528
Cell: 845-594-3060
******
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